RU2758584C1 - Gas-discharge current interrupter with cylindrical hole geometry in grid node - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: gas industry.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to gas-discharge pulse devices, in particular to low-pressure gas-discharge current switches of the thyratron type. It can be used as a switchboard in high-voltage pulse generators with inductive energy storage. A gas-discharge switching device contains an anode, a cathode and a grid node. A cylindrical through hole is made in the node, located at an angle to the normal of the surface of the grid node. The cross-sectional area of the hole is preserved along the entire length of the grid node. There is no shielding electrode in this design. The thickness of the grid node has been significantly increased. The distance between the anode-grid and cathode-grid regions is increased. The border edges of the holes are rounded.

EFFECT: increased stabilization of the current breakage process, decreased time of switching off and heating the device.

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Description

The invention relates to a gas-discharge pulsed technique, in particular to gas-discharge low-pressure current switches of the thyratron type. It can be used as a switch in high-voltage pulse generators with an inductive energy storage in order to increase the stabilization of the current cut-off process, reduce the time for switching off and warming up the device.

Known gas-discharge device with an inverted arrangement of holes in the mesh unit, containing an anode, cathode, mesh unit consisting of a mesh electrode (hereinafter referred to as mesh) 2 and screen 1 (Fig. 1). The grid has one hole located along the axis of symmetry of the device, from the side of the anode. The centers of the holes in the screen of the mesh node are located on concentric circles. Holes belonging to different circles are radially offset from each other. The total area of the screen openings exceeds the area of the mesh opening. The minimum cross-sectional area of the discharge channel is adjacent to the hole in the grid [1].

The disadvantages of using the described device in the current cut-off mode are strong heating of the electrodes and the volume of the device, the presence of a large temporary instability of the current cut-off moment.

The operation of such devices in a high-voltage pulse generator circuit with an inductive energy storage device is largely determined by the design of the grid unit. By introducing a new grid unit with a cylindrical discharge channel (with a cylindrical hole geometry) into the design of the gas-discharge switch, improved performance is achieved.

A drawing of the new mesh unit is shown in figure 2. The unit has a solid cylindrical hole located at an angle to the normal of the mesh unit surface. The cross-sectional area of the hole is maintained along the entire length of the mesh node. This design does not have a shielding electrode. The thickness of the mesh knot has been significantly increased. The distance between the anode-grid and cathode-grid regions is increased. The edges of the holes are rounded. The area of the hole from the anode-grid area is 4 times less than the area of the hole of the grid electrode in a gas-discharge device with an inverted arrangement of holes. The area of the hole on the side of the cathode-grid region is 12 times less than the total area of the holes of the shielding electrode in a gas-discharge device with an inverted arrangement of holes.

Such a design of the grid unit determines a number of features of the operation of the gas-discharge device. Unlike the previous design, in the new mesh assembly, due to a significant increase in the thickness of the mesh electrode, the heat dissipation of the mesh assembly increases, which reduces the heating of the device. By increasing the distance between the anodic and cathodic regions and the location of the hole at an angle to the surface normal, the mesh assembly allows maintaining the electrical strength of the device at a sufficient level necessary for normal operation. The hole geometry directly determines the area and shape of the discharge channel [2]. As a result, possible transitions of the discharge from the hole to the hole and gas flow into the area of the discharge combustion [3] are excluded, as in the case of a gas-discharge device with an inverted arrangement of holes, which ensures the continuity of the formation of the plasma arc. The current cutoff in this design is localized from the side of the hole in the anode-grid region, which helps to reduce the turn-off time [4]. The rounding of the edge edges reduces their heating and increases the voltage threshold for the occurrence of field emission.

Bibliography

1. Patent No. 171094 IPC H01J 17/12.

2. Raizer Yu.P. Gas discharge physics: Textbook. a guide for universities. Ed. 2nd, rev. and additional Moscow: Nauka. Ch. ed. physical-mat. lit. 1992. 536 s.

3. Fogelson T.B., Breusova L.N., Vagin L.N. Pulsed hydrogen thyratrons. M: Sov. radio. 1974.

4. Vereshchagin NM, Kruglov SA, Serezhin AA, Shatilov SG, Agalydov KD, Pavlov M.B. Gas-discharge low-pressure current interrupters in a generator of high-voltage nanosecond pulses with an inductive energy storage // PTE. 2017. No. 6.

Claims (1)

A gas-discharge switching device containing an anode, a cathode, a mesh unit, characterized in that a continuous cylindrical hole is made in the mesh unit, located at an angle to the normal to the surface of the mesh unit, the cross-sectional area of which is preserved along the entire length of the mesh unit, while the mesh unit is absent shielding electrode.

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