RU2757935C1 - Device for washing root and tuber crops - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of agriculture. The device contains on the frame a washing drum of a bar structure, a loading chute, a bucket thrower with an unloading chute, a drive and a water trough with a mud hatch. The washing drum is located at an angle relative to the horizontal surface towards the bucket thrower. The washing drum and bucket thrower are rigidly fixed on one shaft rotating in bearings, have a common drive in the form of an electric motor and a worm gear, and a shutter is located between them.

EFFECT: expansion of technological capabilities of the proposed device, simplification of the design while increasing the reliability and quality of operations performed, as well as an increase in productivity and a decrease in energy consumption of the process of washing roots and tuber crops.

1 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to agriculture, in particular to devices for washing root and tuber crops used in technological lines for the preparation of feed on livestock farms and complexes.

A known device (see and.with. No. 1547806 USSR, IPC A023N 12/02) for washing root crops, containing a drum resting on wheels, transporting blades placed inside the drum along its generatrix, a loading cone made of rods located along a helical lines, stiffener and drive.

The disadvantages of this device are high metal consumption and damageability of root crops, lack of a device for unloading, low washing effect, since the rods of the loading cone and blades will not fully provide sufficient cleaning of root crops from impurities and their grinding together, which will eventually lead to overrun water, an increase in the time spent in the washing drum and an increase in the energy consumption of the process itself.

Known device (see and.with. No. 1119649 USSR, IPC A023N 12/02) for washing root and tuber crops, containing a cylindrical drum with blades fixed on its inner surface along the generatrix and located in its unloading part spiral turns with a perforated surface, a pipeline for supply water and drive.

The disadvantages of this device are the large metal consumption and water consumption, the complexity of the design, the absence of a trough for collecting impurities, and the likelihood of injury to root crops when overloading them with spiral turns from one unloading cone to another is high, which will ultimately lead to an overconsumption of water, an increase in the time to find them in the washing drum and increasing the energy consumption of the process itself.

As a prototype, a device for washing root and tuber crops (see AS No. 660657 USSR) was selected, including a drum divided into alternating sections - injection and exhaust, having holes located along the circumference of the drum and blades installed along one of the edges of the holes, under angle to the surface of the drum, while the blades of the injection sections are directed towards the rotation of the drum, and the blades of the exhaust sections are directed towards the rotation of the drum.

The disadvantages of this machine are the complexity of the design, the unreliable operation in the process of unloading the washed root and tuber crops, the laboriousness of adjusting each section.

The technical task is to expand the technological capabilities of the proposed device, which consists in expanding the technological capabilities of the device, simplifying the design while increasing the reliability and quality of the operations performed, as well as increasing the productivity and reducing the energy consumption of the root and tuber crop washing process.

Figure 1 shows a device for washing root and tuber crops, general view; figure 2 is a device for washing root and tuber crops, top view; figure 3 - section a-a in figure 1.

To solve this technical problem, a simple design of a device for washing root crops is proposed, on the frame 1 of which there are a washing drum 2 of a bar structure, a loading chute 3, a bucket thrower 4 with an unloading chute 5, a drive 6 and a water trough 7 with a mud hatch 8. Washing drum 2 is located at an angle relative to the horizontal surface in the direction of the bucket thrower 4, which in the process of its rotational movement provides the translational movement of root and tuber crops towards the bucket thrower. Washing drum 2 and bucket thrower 4 are rigidly fixed on one shaft 9 rotating in bearings and have a common drive 6 in the form of an electric motor and a worm gear. Between the washing drum 2 and the scraper 4 there is a shutter 10, with the help of which the supply of washed root crops to the unloading zone is regulated. The chopper 3 consists of four carriers 11 rigidly fixed on the shaft 9, to which the buckets 12 are attached, the bottom of which is made of rods, which makes it possible to ensure the unloading of washed root and tuber crops without water loss. On the inner side of the housing 13, blades 14 are arranged in a staggered manner, contributing to the creation of a change in the intensity of the water flow during the washing of root and tuber crops.

The workflow is as follows.

The shutter 10 is preliminarily closed, through the loading chute 3 to a certain level, the inner space of the drum is filled with root crops and water from the treatment system (not shown in the figure) and drive 6 is turned on. water resulting from the interaction of the rods of the drum 2 with the blades 14 located on the inner surface of the housing 13 lead to a comprehensive washing of the product in less time, while dirt and heavy impurities fall along the inclined plane of the trough 7 to the mud hatch 8.Using a pump (in the figure not shown) part of the water in order to prevent it from being ejected from the housing 13 is pumped out into the treatment system and the shutter 10 is opened. Root and tubers under the action of the rotational movement enter the unloading zone, that is, into the bucket thrower 4 and then through the unloading chute 5 to the preparation line. This design is notable for its small overall dimensions and weight, and also allows you to get a high quality wash with the least energy and water consumption.

Claims (1)

A device for washing root and tuber crops, containing on the frame a washing drum of a bar structure, a loading chute, a bucket thrower with an unloading tray, a drive and a trough for water with a mud hatch, characterized in that the washing drum is located at an angle relative to the horizontal surface towards the bucket thrower, while the washing drum and bucket thrower are rigidly fixed on one shaft rotating in bearings, have a common drive in the form of an electric motor and a worm gear, and a shutter is located between them.

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