RU2757797C1 - Combustion engine forced lubrication system - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: transport engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to transport engineering, mainly to systems and devices for lubrication of internal combustion engines. A system for forced pumping of lubricant of an internal combustion engine is proposed, including a filter element 3, oil hoses 14, distributors 4, a system of valves that regulate pressure, an additional oil reservoir 6, a pressure gauge 10, a spacer 12 in front of a full-flow oil filter 13, a reservoir for collecting and storing waste oil 7, a gear-type oil pump 8 driven by an electric motor, connected to the vehicle electrical system.

EFFECT: proposed system makes it possible to start the internal combustion engine with preliminary injection of lubricant into the line of the engine lubrication system, supply oil from an additional oil reservoir to the line of the engine lubrication system with insufficient pressure in the system, and simplify the process of pumping out the engine oil from the engine during maintenance.

1 cl, 2 dwg

Description

Field of application: the invention relates to transport engineering, mainly to systems and devices for internal combustion heat engines. Systems and methods for regulating oil pressure supplied to engine components are disclosed.

It is known that on powerful heavy internal combustion engines (diesel engines), such as marine and diesel engines, engines of large mining dump trucks, preliminary pre-pumping of oil through the engine lubrication system is used, which results in the appearance of a lubricant in friction pairs (crankshaft journal, sliding bearings, and etc.).

Known "Lubrication system of an internal combustion engine with prestarting oil pumping" (Lebedkov K.V., Lebedkov VM RU87463U1, IPC F01M 1/02 (2006.01), 06/26/2009). The lubrication system with prestarting oil pumping includes a main oil pump driven by an internal combustion engine and an additional gear oil pump driven by an electric motor fixed on the oil pump cover and turned on before starting the internal combustion engine. An additional oil pump is connected in parallel with the main oil pump and takes oil from the engine sump through a separate oil intake pipe (on some engines the oil intake of the main pump can be used), which is lowered into the sump through the engine ventilation pipe. The oil intake pipe has a mesh oil intake at its end. A pressure rubber hose supplies oil to the oil filter of the engine oil supply system. The gear oil pump contains a housing in which there is a pair of gears: a leading and a driven, mounted on axles in sliding bearings, and two covers, one of which contains a pressure reducing valve, and the other - a drive reducer. The drive gear of the reducer is mounted on the shaft of the electric motor and drives its driven gear, which in turn is mounted on the shaft, which is connected to the drive gear of the oil pump, which drives its driven gear.

Known "Autonomous system of oil supply to the internal combustion engine and turbocharger" (Sannikov D.A. RU2706329C1, IPC F01M 1/02 (2006.01), F01M 11/04 (2006.01), 31.10.2018) Autonomous system of oil supply to the engine internal combustion and a turbocharger comprising an electrically driven oil injection pump, controlled by a control unit connected to the ignition switch and electrically connected to the battery, an oil temperature sensor, in accordance with the invention, the system has an autonomous oil injection pump, an additional oil temperature and pressure sensor mounted on oil-injection pipeline of an autonomous oil-injection pump, while the main oil line of the internal combustion engine and the standard oil supply line to the turbocharger are connected to the autonomous oil supply line through a check valve, and the flows of pre-pumped oil are regulated by solenoid valves that are mounted on the oil supply line to the main oil the line and on the oil supply line to the turbocharger shaft, the control of the solenoid valves and the duration of the autonomous oil injection pump is carried out by the control unit. The invention provides oil supply to the friction elements of the engine before starting, as well as cooling the turbocharger shaft after stopping the engine.

It is known "Device for pre-lubrication of an internal combustion engine" (Denisov A.S., Almeev R.I., RU88737U, IPC F01M 1/02 (2006.01), 16.06.2009). A device for pre-lubrication of an internal combustion engine, containing an oil pump with an electric drive connected to the oil line of the engine, connected to the on-board battery through a control unit containing a relay for switching on the device, a pump operating time relay and an oil pressure switch, characterized in that the device contains an autonomous drive for pump, the oil intake pipe of which is connected through the corresponding fitting to the oil drain hole in the engine crankcase. The technical solution of this device is taken as a prototype.

All the devices presented above have a significant drawback: the inability to provide a solution to the complex problem of multifunctionality of the additional oil circuit, which is responsible for: maintaining the optimal oil pressure in the engine in the pre-start mode and a possible pressure drop in the oil line; simplifying the process of technical impact of changing the lubricant and minimizing the possibility of its bottling.

The task and the technical result, to which the claimed invention is directed, is: maintaining the optimum oil pressure in the engine in the pre-start mode and the probable pressure drop in the oil line; simplification of the process of technical intervention in the field of changing the lubricant.

The system of forced pumping of lubricant, which solves the complex problem of the multifunctionality of the additional oil circuit, which is responsible for: forcing the creation of excess pressure in the oil line before starting the internal combustion engine (ICE) and in the oil starvation mode; removal of lubricant from the sump of the engine crankcase during maintenance; renewal of the oil level in the lubrication system. The presented system makes it possible to start the internal combustion engine with preliminary injection of lubricant into the oil line, providing a hydrodynamic lubrication mode at all engine operating modes; allows you to reduce the time for routine maintenance, increasing the technical readiness ratio of the serviced equipment, and minimizes the possibility of bottling, thereby positively affecting the environmental aspect of the process; when the pressure in the oil line drops, the system is able to supply lubricant in portions from an additional reservoir, creating a sufficient time interval for stopping the engine and minimizing the negative effects of possible oil starvation.

According to the invention, a system for forced pumping of lubricant of an internal combustion engine is proposed, including a filter element, oil sleeves, distributors, valve systems that regulate pressure, an additional oil reservoir, a pressure gauge, a spacer in front of a full-flow oil filter, a reservoir for collecting and storing waste oil, a gear oil pump type driven by an electric motor, connected to the on-board network of the vehicle.

FIG. 1 shows a hydraulic diagram of a system for forced pumping of lubricant, mounted in an internal combustion engine; FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram of the proposed system.

The system consists of: 1 - storage tank for internal combustion engine oil (sump); 2 - gear-type oil pump; 3 - filter element; 4 - distributors; 5 - check valves; 6 - oil reservoir; 7 - reservoir for collecting and storing waste oil; 8 - gear-type oil pump driven by an electric motor, connected to the on-board network of the vehicle; 9 - pressure relief valve; 10 - manometer; 11 - oil pressure sensor in the oil line of the internal combustion engine; 12 - spacer; 13 - full-flow oil filter; 14 - oil hoses (hoses).

The system works as follows:

It is well known that the lubrication system of an internal combustion engine plays a major role in the durability of the engine. The greatest engine wear (up to 70%) occurs during engine start-up, especially during engine start-up in cold weather. When starting the engine, boundary lubrication is observed when the surfaces of the moving parts are in direct contact. The oil layer between them is minimal or completely absent, which leads to excessive wear of engine parts. To reduce the negative consequences of this phenomenon, it is necessary to create excess oil pressure in the oil line before the first start of the engine. For this, the lubricant is taken from the reservoir 1, undergoes primary cleaning by the filter element 3 and is fed to the spacer 12 in front of the full-flow oil filter 13 of the internal combustion engine through the system of oil hoses (hoses) 14. The distributors 4 are switched to the lubricant circulation mode through the system, excessive pressure is achieved by a gear-type oil pump driven by an electric motor, connected to the vehicle electrical system 8. The check valve 5 prevents pressure loss caused by the possible movement of oil through the oil pump 2 into the oil storage tank of the internal combustion engine (oil pan) 1. When sufficient pressure in the oil line pressure sensor 11 gives a signal to turn off the gear-type oil pump driven by an electric motor 8. The presented system makes it possible to start the internal combustion engine with preliminary injection of lubricant into the oil line, providing hydraulic namichesky mode of lubrication at all modes of engine operation.

During routine maintenance of the internal combustion engine and changing the lubricant, the forced pumping system allows the pumping of oil into the reservoir for collecting and storing the used oil 7. The distributor 4 is switched to the mode of opening the reservoir for collecting and storing the used oil 7, which is filled by pumping the lubricant from oil pan 1 with a gear-type oil pump driven by an electric motor 8. This allows you to pump out any volume of oil from the internal combustion engine lubrication system and minimizes the possibility of bottling, thereby positively affecting the environmental aspect of the routine maintenance process. Known engines having a volume of oil in excess of the normal load per person during loading and unloading operations. In the system presented by the author, it is possible to fill the internal combustion engine with lubricant from the oil reservoir 6. This will reduce the time for routine maintenance, increasing the technical readiness factor of the serviced equipment.

There are many reasons that reduce the oil pressure in the oil line during the operation of the internal combustion engine and lead to oil starvation of its elements. Oil starvation is a disturbed operation of the engine lubrication system, manifested by an insufficient amount of incoming lubricant to individual units, assemblies and friction pairs. The result of operation in the oil starvation mode will be significant wear or complete failure of the engine. The low oil pressure indicator is an indicator on the vehicle dashboard. But when a signal is applied to the control lamp, the pressure in the oil line is already minimal or completely absent, which does not give a margin of time for a safe stop of the engine. As conceived by the author, the presented system is capable of batchwise supplying lubricant from an additional oil reservoir 6 to the main line, creating a sufficient time interval for stopping the engine and minimizing the negative effects of possible oil starvation.

Also, the undoubted advantage of the author's version is the absence of changes in the design of the engine, which allows the installation and dismantling of the system in the shortest possible time. The system can be implemented on any internal combustion engine in the lubrication system, mainly with a wet sump. The spacing of the nodes for reasons of ergonomics does not affect the efficiency of the proposed system.

Claims (1)

A system for forced pumping of lubricant of an internal combustion engine, including a filter element, oil sleeves, distributors, pressure control valve systems, an additional oil reservoir, a pressure gauge, a spacer in front of a full-flow oil filter, a reservoir for collecting and storing waste oil, a gear-type oil pump with a drive from the electric motor, connected to the vehicle electrical system.

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