RU2755688C2 - Multi-section circular sprinkling machine with smart module - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of agriculture; it can be used for irrigation of crops by sprinkling. A multi-section circular sprinkling machine contains a central fixed support with a rotary knee, sprinkling nozzles placed on sequentially connected pipeline sections. Each pipeline section is made in the form of a three-dimensional truss, one end of which is placed on an intermediate self-propelled support trolley, and the second end is connected to the previous pipeline section by means of a cardan-type hinge joint. At the same time, the sprinkling machine has a GLONASS receiver, a signal analyzer unit, and a control board is installed on the central fixed support, in which protective equipment and a control panel with a smart module placed in it, connected to an interface device, an electric energy meter, a contactor and a timer, are placed. The smart module is designed to make decisions for controlling the irrigation process, machine movement, processing and storing information coming from the signal analyzer unit from humidity sensors installed on four sectors of the irrigation site along the radius of each sector through 35-40 m, and a weather station via a GLONASS satellite to the GLONASS receiver.

EFFECT: sprinkling machine provides an increase in the quality of irrigation by changing the irrigation rate in accordance with the level of moisture reserves of the field sites at the time of their irrigation.

1 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The proposed invention relates to agriculture, in particular to irrigated agriculture, and can be used for sprinkler irrigation of agricultural crops, including several different types of crops, sown by sector and watered by one machine, areas with difficult terrain, slopes and different types of soil.

Known electrified sprinkler circular action (RF patent No. 2646909 C2, MPKA01G25 / 09, publ. 03/12/2018, bul. No. 8-analogue), containing a central fixed support with a swivel knee, sprinkler nozzles, a water pipeline, consisting of series articulated spans.

The disadvantage of the analogue is the impossibility of changing the irrigation rate in accordance with the level of moisture reserves of the field plots at the time of irrigation, the impossibility of changing the irrigation rate when irrigating several different agricultural crops sown by sector in an automatic mode by the machine, low irrigation uniformity, the impossibility of ensuring uniform irrigation and irrigation quality on areas with difficult terrain, slopes, various types of soils.

Known multi-section sprinkler circular action (RF patent No. 2654341 C2, MPKA01G 25/09, publ. 05.17.2018, bul. No. 14-analogue), containing a central fixed support with a swivel knee, sprinkler nozzles, made in the form of three-dimensional trusses of the pipeline section , connected in series with each other by means of cardan-type hinges and rubber couplings connecting the cavities of adjacent pipeline sections, the end of each pipeline section is placed on an adjacent trolley driven by an electric motor and a control unit.

The disadvantage of the analogue is also the impossibility of changing the irrigation rate in accordance with the level of moisture reserves of the field plots at the time of their irrigation, the impossibility of changing the irrigation rate when irrigating several different agricultural crops sown by sector in automatic mode, the impossibility of ensuring uniform irrigation and irrigation quality in areas with difficult terrain, terrain slopes, various types of soils.

The technical objective of the invention is to expand the operational capabilities of the sprinkler, as well as to ensure the quality and uniformity of irrigation by changing the irrigation rate in accordance with the level of moisture reserves of the field areas at the time of irrigation, the possibility of changing the irrigation rate when the machine is irrigated with several different crops sown by sectors in automatic mode, ensuring the possibility of using the machine on areas with difficult terrain, various terrain slopes, different types of soil.

The problem is solved in a multi-section sprinkler of circular action, containing a central fixed support with a swivel knee, sprinkler nozzles placed on series-connected pipeline sections, each of which is made in the form of a three-dimensional truss, with one end of the pipeline section placed on an intermediate self-propelled support carriage, and the second end is connected to the previous section of the pipeline by means of a gimbal type swivel joint.

The difference from the prototype is that the sprinkler has a GLONASS receiver, a signal analyzer unit, and a control panel is installed on the central fixed support, in which protective equipment is located, a control panel with an intelligent module located in it, connected to an interface device, an electric energy meter , a contactor and a timer, while the intelligent module is designed to make decisions to control the irrigation process, the movement of the machine, the processing and storage of information coming from the signal analyzer unit from the humidity sensors installed on four sectors of the irrigation area along the radius of each sector after 35-40 m, and weather stations via GLONASS satellite to GLONASS receiver.

Thanks to this design and the interconnection of elements, the control system allows you to process information and automatically make decisions, controlling the irrigation process, the movement of the machine, processing and storing information.

In addition, information from humidity sensors installed on four sectors of the irrigation area along the radius of each sector after 35-40 m and the weather station through the GLONASS satellite is fed to the GLONASS receiver and then to the signal analyzer unit to the intelligent module, after which the irrigation rate is adjusted according to calculations presented in table 1, giving the command to start irrigation of the irrigated sector.

Correction of the irrigation rate based on the data of the meteorological station and the humidity sensors located by sectors when moving from one sector of the machine to another when driving in a circle, allows you to match the irrigation rate with the level of moisture reserves of the field areas at the time of their irrigation, change the irrigation rate when the machine is irrigated with several different crops sown by sector in automatic mode, provides uniform irrigation and irrigation quality in areas with difficult terrain, slopes, various types of soils.

Figure 1 shows a multi-section sprinkler of circular action, general view, figure 2 shows a functional diagram of the proposed device, figure. 3 shows a diagram for determining the characteristics of irrigation.

The proposed multi-section sprinkler of circular action (Fig. 1) contains a central fixed support 1 with a swivel elbow 2, sprinkler nozzles 3, placed on the series-connected sections of the pipeline 4. Each section of the pipeline 4 is made in the form of a three-dimensional truss, with one end of the pipeline section 4 placed on an intermediate self-propelled support carriage 5, and the second end is connected to the previous section of the pipeline 4 by means of a cardan-type hinge joint 6.

To control the movement on intermediate self-propelled support bogies 5, bogie synchronization devices are installed in line (PSL) 7, which generate commands for the movement of bogies 5. When coasting relative to neighboring bogies is greater than the allowable value, intermediate self-propelled support bogies 5 stop at the command of PSL 7, and when lagging - begin to move.

On the leading self-propelled support carriage 8, a heading stabilization device (PSC) 9 is installed, which generates a command for the movement of the leading self-propelled support carriage 8, which sets the speed of movement of the entire sprinkler around the area around the fixed support 1.

A control panel 10 (Fig. 2) is installed on the fixed support 1, in which the protective equipment and the control panel 11 are located, in which are located: an intelligent module 12, an electric energy meter 13 and a timer 14.

Intelligent module 12 is designed to process information and make decisions to control the irrigation process, the movement of the machine, processing and storage of information.

The electricity meter 13 is designed to measure the consumption of electrical energy.

Timer 14 is designed to synchronize the operation of the intelligent module 12.

To ensure different irrigation rates, the irrigation rate sensor15 is designed.

The signal to stop the machine, depending on the relative position of the intermediate self-propelled support bogies PSL 7, is formed in the bogie synchronization system into line 16.

To transmit information and set parameters, an interface device 17 is used together with an intelligent module 12. Each self-propelled support carts 5 and 8 are equipped with irrigation control units 18.

Irrigation control units 18, installed on intermediate self-propelled support carts 5, are connected to devices for synchronization of carts in line (PSL) 7 and a signal analyzer unit 19, which is connected to a GLONASS / GPS receiver 20.

The irrigation control unit 19, mounted on the extreme leading self-propelled support cart 8, is connected to the heading stabilization device (PSC) 9 and the signal analyzer unit 21, which is also connected to the GLONASS receiver 20.

The irrigated area of the field (Fig. 3) is divided into sectors into several sections. The number of plots is determined by the number of crops with different required irrigation rates, relief features, or soil plots with different characteristics.

That is, it is necessary to select areas of the field in the form of sectors, over the entire area of which irrigation should be carried out at the same rate.

In the case of a sufficiently flat relief, one agricultural crop and type of soil, to ensure the quality and uniformity of irrigation, to ensure the irrigation rate in accordance with the level of moisture reserves of the field plots at the time of their automatic irrigation, it is enough to divide the plot into 4 sectors.

On the irrigated area of the field along the radius of each sector, 22 soil moisture sensors are installed every 35-40 m, the data from which are transmitted to the GLONASS satellite 23, and a meteorological station 24 is installed in the immediate vicinity of the irrigated area. The total number of sensors 22, for example, for a machine 500 m is (500/40) 4 = 50 pcs.

To ensure the quality and uniformity of irrigation, the irrigation rate should be changed by the amount of costs for water consumption, taking into account the time of irrigation, according to the dependencies, Table 1.

Multi-section sprinkler circular action works as follows. To ensure uniformity and quality of irrigation, before the start of operation of the sprinkler, an irrigation map should be drawn up taking into account the terrain, soils, crops, where norms are assigned by sector, if it is necessary to supply an unequal volume of water.

Information from humidity sensors 22 and meteorological station 24 through GLONASS-satellite 23 is fed to GLONASS-receiver 20 and then to the signal analyzer unit 19, after which the irrigation rate is adjusted and fed to the intelligent module 12, and a command is given to start irrigation of the irrigated sector.

Water under pressure is supplied to the cavities of the series-connected sections of the pipeline 4, located on the central fixed support 1 with a rotary elbow 2, and is sprayed on the irrigated area by means of sprinkler nozzles 3. The extreme leading self-propelled support cart 8 sets the speed of the machine moving along the site using the heading stabilization device (UCS) 9.

The movement of the intermediate self-propelled support carts 5 occurs in a start-stop mode, while the movement of each intermediate self-propelled support carriage is controlled autonomously by a bogie synchronization device in line (PSL) 7.

The use of the proposed sprinkler provides an increase in the quality of irrigation by changing the irrigation rate in accordance with the level of moisture reserves of the field plots at the time of irrigation, adapting the irrigation regime to changing conditions during the irrigation period, increasing environmental safety by eliminating over-watering and water erosion of soil, due to the established on the sprinkler machine of the intelligent module (intelligent control system), and soil moisture sensors according to the proposed scheme.

Claims (1)

A multi-section circular sprinkler containing a central fixed support with a swivel knee, sprinkler nozzles placed on series-connected pipeline sections, each of which is made in the form of a three-dimensional truss, with one end of the pipeline section located on an intermediate self-propelled support carriage, and the other end is connected with the previous section of the pipeline by means of a gimbal-type articulated joint, characterized in that the sprinkler has a GLONASS receiver, a signal analyzer unit, and a control panel is installed on the central fixed support, in which protective equipment is located, a control panel with an intelligent module located in it, connected with an interface device, an electric energy meter, a contactor and a timer, while the intelligent module is designed to make decisions to control the irrigation process, the movement of the machine, the processing and storage of information coming from the signal analyzer unit signal from moisture sensors installed on four sectors of the irrigation area along the radius of each sector after 35-40 m, and a weather station via a GLONASS satellite to a GLONASS receiver.

Images