RU2750513C1 - Passive modular-type radiator - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: heat engineering.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of heat engineering and can be used in air cooling radiators. A passive modular-type radiator containing a body located on support stands and constituting a cascade module wherein heat exchange units are located consequently, a cascade consisting of volumetric evaporating panels, an irrigation system; installed on the outer surface of the body are fans, collectors placed in the upper and lower parts of the body, characterised by the fact that the body of the passive radiator is made elongated, configured to divide said cascade module into separate isolated blocks by means of dividing partitions, and the volumetric evaporating panels are configured to change the direction of the air flow set by the direction of the channels located inside the panels, wherein said evaporating panels are installed on the lamellas so as to form at least one V-shaped cascade level with an irrigation system, wherein water is supplied to the evaporating panels by means of irrigation apparatuses installed on the collector between the two evaporating panels forming a V-shaped cascade level.EFFECT: production of a passive modular-type radiator.8 cl, 8 dwg

Description

The claimed invention is intended for cooling the coolant in various areas of industrial production: food, chemical, medical, oil and gas, petrochemical, metalworking, compressor, cooling DATA centers, refrigeration equipment, air conditioning systems of large enterprises and others.

A hybrid cooler with an axial fan and two air / gas coolers located on its suction side and in a V-shape is known from the prior art, characterized in that an additional cooler is located below and between the V-shaped condensers / gas coolers as a wet evaporative cooler connecting diagonally arranged condensers / gas coolers and forming a suction space with it in such a way that the dry cooling air is always designed to be sucked in from the condenser / gas cooler and the moist cooling air can be sucked through the additional cooler as a wet evaporative cooler (application for invention No. DE 202018106172 01.24.2019).

A convector is also known from the prior art, comprising at least one bundle of finned tubes, in the tubes of which a cooled fluid circulates, and at least one fan, which creates an air flow that passes through the surface of the finned tubes. The convector contains an adiabatic chamber through which the specified air flow passes, located downstream of the tube bundle, inside which water is sprayed and evaporated. The adiabatic chamber is limited by side walls and at least two evaporating honeycomb sets (patent for invention No. WO2007015281 (A2) 08.02.2007).

The closest analogue of the claimed invention is a convector for air cooling of a liquid flowing through a pipe, comprising a channel for a cooling air flow with inlet from the external environment and outlet to the external environment; installed in the channel heat exchange section containing at least one tube bundle forming a heat exchange surface; fan means for creating an air flow in the duct such that the air flow flows around the heat exchange surface of the tube bundle from the outside; a humidifying section installed in a channel upstream in front of the heat exchange section where water is sprayed and entrained in the air stream; the convector is equipped with a humidifying device for wetting directly with water a part of the heat exchange surface of the tube bundle for the purpose of additional cooling of this part of the tube bundle (patent for invention No. RU 2675169 C1, 17.12.2018).

The disadvantages of the known devices are increased energy costs and volumes of water used due to the low efficiency of evaporation and droplet collection of these technical solutions.

The technical problem of the claimed invention is to eliminate the disadvantages of analogs.

The technical result consists in reducing energy costs and reducing the volume of water used.

The specified technical result is ensured by the fact that in a passive radiator of a modular type, containing a housing located on support posts and representing a cascade module, inside which heat exchange units are sequentially located, a cascade consisting of volumetric evaporating panels, an irrigation system; fans are installed on the outer surface of the casing, headers located in the upper and lower parts of the casing, the casing is made elongated, with the possibility of dividing the specified cascade module into separate isolated blocks by means of dividing partitions, and the volumetric evaporating panels are made with the possibility of changing the direction of the air flow set by the direction of the channels located inside the panels, while said evaporating panels are mounted on lamellas in such a way that they form at least one V-shaped cascade level with an irrigation system, while water is supplied to the evaporating panels using irrigation devices installed on a collector located between two evaporating panels forming a V-shaped cascade level.

The specified technical result in a passive modular radiator can be additionally ensured by the fact that

- volumetric evaporating panels are made of cardboard and enclosed in a rigid metal frame, which is inserted along the lamellas into the frame structure of the radiator;

- the irrigation system represents irrigation devices in the amount of two to eight tangential centrifugal nozzles on each cascade;

- can be made with the possibility of increasing the number of cascades to increase the efficiency of evaporation;

- can be made with the possibility of ingress of non-evaporated water to the lower cascade, thereby reducing the water consumption for evaporation;

- can be configured to control the air temperature at the inlet to the lower cascade and the air temperature at the outlet from the upper cascade, as well as to control the level of non-evaporated water;

- can be made with the possibility of installing the module both horizontally and at an angle to the horizontal surface to ensure the outlet of the coolant from the tubes of the heat exchanger;

- inside the upper collector there is a branch pipe that provides air outlet during filling and air supply during drainage, connected with the environment.

Fig. 1 - Passive radiator of modular type.

Fig. 2 - Passive radiator of modular type, inside view.

Fig. 3 - Diagram of the passage of air masses through a passive radiator, where:

1 - Fans

2 - Upper collector

3 - the Air branch pipe

4 - Quick disconnect connection

5 - Tube heat exchangers with lamellas

6 - Side walls

7 - Evaporating panels

8 - Nozzles

9 - Dividing walls

10 - Support posts

11 - the Collector is lower

12 - Filter nets

13 - Tray for water level control.

FIG. 4 - Layout diagram of centrifugal nozzles.

FIG. 5 - Installation diagram of evaporative panels.

The passive radiator is serviced from the top and bottom of the equipment. Due to the cascade design of the device, access is not required for maintenance of the panels from the side.

Evaporative panels are fixed with quick-release elements that allow service personnel to quickly remove and put them on the unit.

Maintenance (installation and replacement) of the evaporating panels is carried out in the lower part of the passive radiator as follows (Fig. 5):

1. The evaporator panel starts up from the bottom (fig. 5.1)

2. The panel rests against the lamellas (Fig. 5.2)

3. The panel is lowered along the lamellas (Fig.5.3)

4. All other evaporating panels are installed in the same way (Fig. 5.4).

Volumetric cardboard evaporating panels (7) are enclosed in a rigid metal frame, which is inserted along the lamellas into the radiator frame structure. The frame prevents deformation and delamination of the panels during operation.

Irrigation devices (nozzles) (8) are from two to eight, depending on the size of the cascade of hollow cone tangential nozzles on each cascade.

The spraying of water by the irrigation system is carried out "before" the evaporative panel (bottom) of each cascade, even if there is only one, and not "after" it, as in similar models. This ensures better evaporation and wettability of the evaporative panels throughout the thickness, as the water droplets are entrained in the air flow deeper into the panels. Thus, the water consumption is reduced and the evaporation efficiency is increased.

The purpose of creating V-shaped cascade levels is to efficiently evaporate water, reduce the cost of filtering and reuse it, which also results in lower energy consumption of the device. In addition, the heat exchange area increases and the aerodynamic drag decreases.

The claimed technical solution also provides for the possibility of increasing the number of cascades (7) to increase the efficiency of evaporation in hot climates, using a multi-stage lowering of the air temperature to the temperature of a wet bulb. It should be noted that in similar models for operation of installations in hot climates, direct irrigation of heat exchange units (convectors) is used to increase the cooling efficiency, however, this leads to severe contamination of heat exchange units with hardness salts and causes additional corrosion. Direct irrigation of heat exchange units in the claimed invention is not used as impractical.

Each stage has two functions: an evaporation function and a droplet collection function. Droplet collection is provided by changing the direction of the air flow passing through the evaporating panels, set by the direction of the channels in the evaporating panels. This effectively traps droplets of non-evaporated moisture and does not fall on the heat exchange surface.

Water is supplied to the evaporating panels using centrifugal nozzles mounted on a collector located between two V-shaped evaporating panels (Fig. 4). The air passing through the panels transfers some of its heat to the water, causing it to evaporate, as a result of which the air is cooled and humidified. This is an additional feature that distinguishes the claimed invention from the prototype. Water consumption for evaporation is reduced due to the fact that non-evaporated water enters the lower stage, where the surface is wetted and evaporated. Thus, practically all the water supplied by the irrigation system is spent on the process of lowering the air temperature in front of the heat exchanger. That is, collection and recovery of unevaporated water is not required, filtration of this water and control of hardness salts are not required. In analogue systems, collection and partial drainage of unevaporated water and topping up of treated water are required in order to avoid an increase in its degree of hardness, which leads to additional water consumption. In addition, since there is no need to recirculate water in the cascade system of the invention, there is no contamination of the nozzles of the irrigation system.

In addition, during the operation of the cascade system, control of the air temperature at the entrance to the lower cascade and the air temperature at the exit from the upper cascade, as well as control of the level of unevaporated water (13), is provided, which makes it possible to reduce the amount of water consumed to lower the air temperature. In conditions of high ambient humidity, thanks to the system of control of the level of non-evaporated water, the water supply to the irrigation system is reduced, while in similar models, water is supplied to the irrigation system continuously when the irrigation system is on. Thus, in the invention of this application, there is no inappropriate flow of water, since the operation of the irrigation system is automatically controlled.

Installation of the 3rd and 4th cascades leads to an increase in the aerodynamic resistance of the evaporative panels and requires the use of more powerful fans, which is impractical for regions with cold climates.

One passive heatsink module can have 1 to 20 fans mounted on the top of the chassis.

The fans create a vacuum separately in each stage between the heat exchanger and the fan. The negative pressure on the evaporating panels effectively evaporates the water and lowers the air temperature in front of the heat exchange unit (FIG. 3).

The fan creates a vacuum inside the module, while the air passing vertically (from bottom to top) through the module alternately passes all levels.

A variant of the invention is possible without the use of fans (fans are off). In this embodiment, the coolant is cooled due to convective heat exchange and directed movement of heated air from the radiator vertically upwards. In this case, cold air flows down and it heats up. That is, air circulation is passive, i.e. with inoperative fans, resulting in lower energy costs. This is achieved through a special elongated design of the radiator frame and vertical enclosing walls that improve passive air circulation inside the radiator.

Quick-detachable enclosing structures (6) are required for external installation of modules with the formation of a single device body. The number of modules connected to each other is not limited. The modules are joined by quick disconnect couplings. (four). In addition, the claimed invention provides for the implementation of dividing partitions (9) for each fan section. In similar models (without dividing walls) in the fan sections, the failure of one fan blocks the efficient operation of a number of fans and requires its forced isolation during repair work. On the model of this application, repair work to replace a failed fan can be carried out without additional insulation and without losing the efficiency of the remaining fan sections.

The declared radiator can replace any evaporative cooling tower, reduce energy costs and significantly reduce the volume of water used.

Claims (8)

1. A passive radiator of modular type, containing a housing located on support posts and representing a cascade module, inside which heat exchange units are located in series, a cascade consisting of volumetric evaporating panels, an irrigation system; on the outer surface of the casing there are fans, headers located in the upper and lower parts of the casing, characterized in that the casing of the passive radiator is made elongated, with the possibility of dividing the specified cascade module into separate isolated blocks by means of dividing partitions, and the volumetric evaporating panels are made with the possibility of changing the direction air flow, set by the direction of the channels located inside the panels, while these evaporating panels are installed on the lamellas in such a way that they form at least one V-shaped cascade level with an irrigation system, while water is supplied to the evaporating panels using irrigation devices mounted on a manifold between two evaporative panels forming a V-shaped cascade level. 2. Passive radiator according to claim 1, characterized in that the volumetric evaporating panels are made of cardboard and enclosed in a rigid metal frame, which is inserted along the lamellas into the frame structure of the radiator. 3. Passive radiator according to claim 1, characterized in that the irrigation system is an irrigation device in the amount of two to eight tangential centrifugal nozzles on each cascade. 4. Passive radiator according to claim 1, characterized in that it is configured to increase the number of stages to increase the evaporation efficiency. 5. Passive radiator according to claim 1, characterized in that it is configured to allow non-evaporated water to enter the lower cascade, thereby reducing the water consumption for evaporation. 6. Passive radiator according to claim 1, characterized in that it is configured to control the air temperature at the entrance to the lower stage and the air temperature at the exit from the upper stage, as well as to control the level of non-evaporated water. 7. Passive radiator according to claim. 1, characterized in that it is configured to install the module both horizontally and at an angle to the horizontal surface to ensure the outlet of the coolant from the tubes of the heat exchanger. 8. Passive radiator according to claim 1, characterized in that inside the upper manifold there is a branch pipe that provides air outlet during filling and air supply during drainage, associated with the environment.

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