RU2750177C1 - Method for drying bulk materials - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: grain processing industry.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to methods for drying bulk materials for the grain processing industry and can be used for drying bulk materials, such as flax seeds. In the method of drying bulk materials, a drying agent is applied to a dense layer of material, creating a fluidized (fluidized) bed in several narrow transverse zones located with a step of the same size along the length of the layer, while the drying agent and zones of the fluidized bed continuously move relative to the material layer in a reciprocating manner by an amount equal to the step size, and the flows of the drying agent are directed towards the material unloading.

EFFECT: provided are intensity of the process of drying bulk materials, reducing the cost of its implementation, the ability to remove internal moisture from bulk materials while maintaining their quality.

1 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to methods for drying bulk materials for the grain processing industry and can be used for drying bulk materials, such as flax seeds.

Known methods for drying bulk materials on a lattice surface in various states of a layer of bulk materials, blown by a drying agent at different speeds, depending on the design features of the dryers.

A known method of safely drying seeds in a dense layer [US Pat. 2615350 Russian Federation, IPC F26B 3/02 (2006.01). Method for safe drying of seeds in a dense layer / Golubkovich A.V., Pavlov S.Y., Elizarova O.V., Levina N.S.; applicant and patentee FGBNU FNATS VIM. - No. 2016107410, app. 03/01/2016; publ. 04.04.2017, Bul. No. 10], including drying in a fixed layer of the material to be dried, blown by a drying agent.

The main disadvantages of the known method for the safe drying of seeds in a dense layer are the uneven drying of the layer of dried material, long drying time, the need for manual mixing of the layer.

It is known to dry grain under various conditions of the grain layer.

[Electronic resource: http://hlebsloy-produkt.ru/sushka-zerna/823-sushka-zerna-pri-razlichnyh-sostoyaniyah-zernovogo-a.htmlhttp://hleb-produkt.ru/sushka-zerna/823- sushka-zerna-pri-razlichnyh-sostoyaniyah-zernovogo-sloya.html / Drying of grain under various conditions of the grain layer], including a method of drying grain in a fluidized (fluidized) bed with rapid removal of surface moisture.

The main disadvantages of the known drying of grain in various states of the grain layer, including the method of drying grain in a fluidized (fluidized) bed with rapid removal of surface moisture, are the ability to remove only the surface moisture of high-moisture grain, preliminary drying or rapid heating of grain and the need for additional drying of grain in a dense layer on another dryer, which is necessary for the preservation of the grain.

A known method of drying bulk materials, carried out by a dryer for bulk materials [US Pat. 2238493 Russian Federation, IPC F26B 17/10 (2000.01). Dryer for bulk materials / Shevtsov A.A., Shamshin A.S., Evdokimov A.V .; applicant and patentee State educational institution Voronezh State Technological Academy. - No. 2003104262, app. 02/12/2003; publ. 20.10.2004, Bul. No. 29, prototype], including drying bulk materials sequentially in a fluidized and dense bed in alternating sections of drying and curing.

The main disadvantages of this method of drying bulk materials are the complexity and cumbersomeness of the structure for implementing this method of drying bulk materials, as well as the cost of alternating sections and mechanisms for moving a layer of material between drying sections.

The objective of the invention is to develop a method for drying bulk materials, providing an increase in the intensity and efficiency of drying while maintaining the quality of the material.

The technical result from solving the problem is the intensity of the process of drying bulk materials, reducing the cost of its implementation, the ability to remove internal moisture from bulk materials while maintaining their quality.

The problem posed in the invention is achieved by the fact that in the method of drying bulk materials a dense layer of material is affected by a drying agent that creates a fluidized (fluidized) bed in several narrow transverse zones located with a step of the same size along the length of the bed, while the drying agent and the fluidized bed zone continuously move relative to the layer of material reciprocally by an amount equal to the step size, and the flows of the drying agent are directed towards the material unloading.

Impact on a dense layer of material with a drying agent, creating a fluidized (fluidized) bed in several narrow transverse zones located with a step of the same size along the length of the bed and continuous movement of the drying agent and the zone of the fluidized bed relative to the material layer reciprocally by an amount equal to the step size, ensures that part of the layer of material is intensively mixed and dried, and the other, most of the layer, is tracked.

The direction of the flow of the drying agent towards the unloading side of the material ensures the movement of the layer of bulk material.

The combination in one drying chamber of a dense and fluidized bed of material allows intensifying the method of drying bulk materials, due to the simplified design of the dryer, to reduce the cost of its implementation, to remove internal moisture from bulk materials while maintaining their quality.

The invention is illustrated in the drawing.

The drawing shows a schematic diagram of a dryer that implements the method of drying bulk materials, left side view.

The dryer, which implements the method of drying bulk materials, contains a drying chamber 1 containing an air distribution grate, consisting of an upper fixed grate 2, having a mesh surface with shatter-free openings for bulk material and a lower grate 3, having transverse narrow slots and blind areas located with a pitch h of the same value along the length of the grate 3, with the possibility of moving relative to the upper fixed grate 2 reciprocally by an amount equal to the value of the step h, drive 4 for moving the lower grate 3 relative to the upper fixed grate 2, while the drying chamber 1 is equipped with a movable wall 5 to create the zones for unloading the dried material, the heat generator and the fan are located so that the flows of the drying agent generated by them are directed towards the unloading of the material.

The method of drying bulk materials, such as flax seeds, is carried out as follows.

Flax seeds are loaded into the drying chamber 1, a drying agent is applied to the material layer, supplied by a heat generator and a fan, passing through the narrow transverse slots of the lower grate 3, located with a step h of the same size along the length of the grate 3, and a mesh surface with shatter-free holes for flax seeds of the upper stationary grate 2 at high speed, create local zones of a fluidized bed in a dense layer of flax seeds, in which flax seeds are intensively dried and mixed. Local zones of the fluidized bed of flax seeds continuously move relative to the material layer reciprocally by an amount equal to the step size h, due to the movement of the lower grate 3 relative to the upper fixed grate 2 reciprocally by an amount equal to the step value h, by the drive 4. During drying, part the layer of flax seeds is continuously, intensively mixed and dried, and the other large part at the same time is kept, while drying is carried out in one drying chamber 1, which significantly reduces the drying time and reduces the uneven moisture content of the layer of flax seeds. Dried flax seeds are unloaded from the drying chamber 1 with the wall 5 raised.

The combination in one drying chamber of a dense and fluidized (fluidized) layer of bulk material makes it possible to intensify the method of drying bulk materials, to reduce the cost of its implementation, to remove internal moisture from bulk materials while maintaining their quality.

Claims (1)

The method of drying bulk materials, which consists in the fact that a dense layer of material is affected by a drying agent, which creates a fluidized (fluidized) bed in several narrow transverse zones located with a step of the same size along the length of the bed, while the drying agent and the zones of the fluidized bed are continuously moving relative to the layer of material reciprocally by an amount equal to the step size, and the flows of the drying agent are directed towards the unloading of the material.

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