RU2749998C1 - Water intake structure - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: hydraulic engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of hydraulic engineering for the purposes of land reclamation. The water intake structure includes a water intake pipeline equipped with shut-off and control valves, combined with a mobile pumping station, taking water under pressure from a source for redistribution with adjustable valves of the pressure pipeline 2, equipped with water pipelines 5 with risers with closed pressure domes 10, and water is pumped through high-speed pressure with the organization of the jet movement of water under a rigid hemispherical frame 15 with a waterproof base 14. The base 14 of the silt-stop is covered with a filtering fine-mesh hemispherical surface 16, in the cavity of which a closed water intake dome 10 is located, consisting of modularly arranged side branches in the form of a bundle of tubes 11 along the height and along the perimeter of the intake dome 10, connected with the corresponding flow swirlers. The swirler of the water flow is each made in the form of a hyperboloid of rotation, where the pressure flow generates at a high speed and washes the inner surface of the sorboat in the form of a rigid hemispherical frame 15, covered with a fine-mesh filtering mesh fabric 16. A single flow swirling under pressure creates a single swirling flow of water and removes from the cavity continuously into a safe intake of water cleared of debris and biogenic pollutants from the canal for its subsequent supply to the drip irrigation systems. The swirlers of the water flow structurally consist of a hollow tube in the form of a hyperboloid of revolution, with separating blades-baffles, bent along the Archimedes spiral, located outside, to form a swirling flow. The channels themselves in the swirlers have a spiral shape and form a single swirling flow in the cavity of the trap-damper.

EFFECT: reduces material consumption, increasing the efficiency of jets coming out through a covered filtering fine-mesh mesh cloth, which will not only expand the functionality of the water intake structure, but also increase productivity during water intake, and also ensures its safe operation with a continuous stable intake of cleaned from debris and pollutants water.

1 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of hydraulic engineering for land reclamation purposes and is intended for the intake of water from irrigation canals and to ensure the protection of drip irrigation systems from the ingress of litter and biogenic pollution (animal and plant origin) into them.

Drip irrigation systems have become widely used to irrigate plants for different terrain conditions, as they provide a minimum of water for the root area of plants.

It is known that water intake from irrigation canals affects the quality of water supplied to pipelines, then to drip irrigation (irrigation) systems, especially in combination with pressure flow in the pipeline.

As a result of the search, water intake structures were found, patents: SU No. 684089, E02B 9/04 from 09/07/1979, RU No. 2029021, E02B 8/08 from 20.02.1995, RU No. 2049198, E02B 9/08, E02B 9/04 from November 27, 1995, RU # 58130, E02B 8/08 dated November 10, 2006, RU # 2040635 E02B 8/08 dated July 25, 1995.

However, the disadvantages of the known water intake structures are the low efficiency of washing the inclined fine-mesh trash of the protective mesh fabric due to the fact that the water-air jets from the nozzle (nozzle) are directed not perpendicularly, but at an acute angle to it, the outlets from the water-air and air nozzles (nozzles) are at different distances sections of the washing cloth and have a different-sized force effect on the settled pollutant; the simultaneous use of a single-line water intake head in the mode of water intake and washing of the trash-barrage device leads to a decrease in the productivity of the water intake, and the intake of highly aerated water masses into the water intake pipeline and pump leads to cavitation and the possibility of water hammer manifestation; the use of a flat shape of the soror-barrage element leads to an increase in the volumetric dimensions of the soror-barrage device to provide the required area of the filtering surface. In addition, of the known solutions, they have movable elements and use electric current pulses, which in an aqueous environment reduces the reliability and safety of the structure.

The closest in technical essence to the proposed invention is a water intake structure, including a water intake pipeline equipped with shut-off and control valves with a water intake head located in the channel in the bottom layer of water, equipped with a sorobi-barrier (sorobio-barrier) in the form of a rigid body with a filtering mesh fabric and a pneumatic filter placed in it a device consisting of a system of air ducts equipped with nozzles, in order to increase the efficiency, reliability and safety of the water intake structure, it is equipped with two alternately functioning water pipelines with water intake heads arranged on them, located on opposite sections of the channel cross-section and consisting of sorobio barriers made in the form a rigid hemispherical frame with a waterproof base, which is covered with a filtering fine-mesh hemispherical water intake surface, in the cavity of which p A flushing device is located, the air-distributing tubular collectors of which are equipped with flexible nozzles of different lengths (taking into account the shape) directed towards the mesh web (RU No. 2723519, E02В 9/04 dated 06/11/2020).

This water intake structure improves the efficiency and reliability of operation. However, it complicates the production technology by using air distribution tubular headers, which are equipped with flexible nozzles of different lengths, due to the additional use of a pipeline with a compressor, which means that it is material-intensive and complicates the technology for creating such a device, and there are no elements of swirling baffles-blades, which affects pressure loss water flowing out of the filtering fine-mesh hemispherical water intake surface, where these small holes are clogged and clogged with salt and other chemicals that are constantly in the water in a dissolved form. Therefore, it is necessary to constantly clean the water intake surface, in connection with which, in the prototype, it is additionally necessary to stop the water supply in order to temporarily use an additional source of compressed air from the compressor, which affects an increase in their cost, and a relatively high material consumption. In addition, a large flow energy is not used in the form of a high pressure of water from the pipeline, therefore, the water supply capacity is not high enough.

The objective of the present invention is to create an effective method under the pressure of water supply and the formation of the use of a vortex effect of the water pressure passing through a modular tube bundle with appropriate swirlers, which affects a significant increase in the water pressure through a fine-mesh mesh fabric with increased productivity and at the same time makes the device simple by design, when using only water pressure with water washing devices and supplying it to drip irrigation systems, no external additional pneumatic source is used (compressed air compressor, the cost and maintenance of which is quite high).

As a result of using the proposed invention, it becomes possible to efficiently supply clean water from the channels by pressure of the water flow and the formation of a swirling flow for injecting a single swirling flow in the form of a closed dome and thereby influencing the pressure velocity above the water surface on the settled pollutant, i.e. the area of the entire mesh cloth increases its filtering properties, and pollutants rise to the surface of the water and are carried away by waves with the flow of water in the time of water supply to drip irrigation ditches. Thus, a "water vortex generator" is created inside the filtering mesh cloth by washing the mesh cloth from impurities in the water with the incoming dissolved air in the water, which is always present in it in any cases.

The reliability and durability of the device is increased due to rotating parts and assemblies, while maintaining the operability and operational characteristics of the intake structure for drip irrigation for a long time without additional external expensive sources (compressed air compressor).

The efficiency of the device of a modularly arranged bundle of tubes with appropriate flow swirlers around the perimeter of a closed dome depends only on the pressure (head) of water supplied to the pipeline using a mobile pumping station of the SNP type.

The work of the SNP is directly related to the water intake source to which the well or main pipeline is connected. SNP can be equipped with a level switch to fill the level of the irrigation canal.

The design of various modular bundles of the device as a whole will allow the device to be used for stripping debris from the filter mesh from above and lifting up the contaminant that is transferred from the head by the flow of water, and also provides active cleaning of the filter mesh itself inside the cavity in order to protect its small holes from clogging of salts and other chemical elements that are always present in any water.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that the proposed water intake structure, which includes a water intake pipeline equipped with shut-off and control valves with a water intake head located in the channel in the bottom layer of water, equipped with a silt-stopper in the form of a rigid body with a filtering mesh cloth placed in it, is equipped with two alternately functioning water supply pipelines water intake heads arranged on them, located on opposite sections of the channel cross-section and consisting of trash barriers made in the form of a rigid hemispherical frame with a waterproof base, which is covered with a filtering fine-mesh hemispherical water intake surface, in the cavity of which a washing device is placed, directed towards the mesh invention, the water intake head, placed on each water supply pipeline, is made in the cavity of the sorboat barrage in the form of a closed dome and consists of and from modularly arranged side and branch branches in the form of a bundle of tubes along the height and along the perimeter of the closed dome, communicated with the corresponding hollow swirlers of the water flow, washing the fine-mesh hemispherical water intake surface, while the swirlers of the water flow consist of a hollow tube that has the shape of a "hyperboloid of revolution" and made with the possibility of rotation due to the high-speed pressure supplied by the pump to the pipeline entering the cavity of each hollow swirler, outside of which there are vertical blades-baffles, bent in an Archimedes spiral to form a swirling flow that washes under pressure a fine-mesh hemispherical water intake surface, while the swirler bundles form a swirling flow in a hemispherical water intake cavity in the direction of movement of a fine-mesh mesh fabric.

The "vortex effect" manifests itself in a swirling flow due to the large pressure of water entering the tube bundle, where the swirlers rotate on them due to the shape of the structure of the elements in height. The axial layers of the swirling (water) flow of water pass along the periphery of the mesh fabric and not only exit above it at high speed, but also wash (clean) the hemispherical cellular frame (along a spiral trajectory, which is the basis of the vortex effect.

The analysis of the state of the art carried out by the applicant, including a search for patent and scientific and technical sources of information and the identification of sources containing information about analogues of the claimed invention, made it possible to establish that the applicant did not find an analogue characterized by features identical to all essential features of the proposed proposal. Determination from the list of identified prototype analogues as the closest in aggregate essential in relation to the apparent design for the implementation of the device set forth in the claims.

A new constructive solution to the share of the claimed device allows its further improvement, and an increase in the efficiency of the proposed device in the entire range of using the design of the water intake structure of the new set of features noted above.

Consequently, the proposed proposal meets the "novelty" condition.

To check the compliance of the invention with the condition "inventive step" the applicant conducted an additional search for known solutions in order to identify features that coincide with the distinctive features of the prototype of the claimed device with a constructive solution of all units. The search results showed that the claimed invention does not follow explicitly for a specialist from the prior art defined by the applicant, the influence of the transformations envisaged by the essential features of the claimed invention on the achievement of the technical result has not been revealed, therefore, the claimed invention meets the condition "inventive step".

The invention is illustrated by the following drawings, where FIG. 1 shows a general diagram of a water intake structure, top view; in fig. 2 shows a section A-A; in fig. 3 shows the general diagram of the intake head; in fig. 4 shows a diagram of a flow swirler, top view.

The water intake structure includes a water source 1, which is connected, respectively, to the water intake pressure pipeline 2, and has its own outlet to the well 3, into which the suction pipeline (not shown) of the mobile pumping station 4 is immersed in the form of a SNP, which connects to the pressure pipeline 2 through an adapter. The work of the SNP is directly connected with the purified water of the water source (for example, a canal, a reservoir, etc.), to which the system of a pressure water intake pipeline 2 is connected to supply water for drip irrigation. At the same time, the water intake structure also includes two water-carrying pressure pipelines 5 with locking and adjustable devices 7 (valves) located in the inspection well 6, water intake heads 9 located in different zones of the channel 8, equipped in the form of a closed dome 10, including modularly located side branches a bundle of tubes 11 along the perimeter of the intake dome 10, communicated with the corresponding swirlers 12 of the water flow. In this case, the closed dome 10 with elements 11 and 12 is placed in the cavity of the sorobio barriers 13, the body of which consists of a waterproof base 14 and a rigid hemispherical frame 15, covered with a fine-mesh filtering mesh 16, with a closed dome 10 with elements 11 and 12 placed in it. 12 structurally consist of a hollow tube 17 in the form of a "hyperboloid of revolution", with separating blades-baffles 18 of a spiral shape located outside. The inner surface of the "hyperboloid of revolution" and the reciprocal surfaces of the baffle blades together form channels 19 of the swirler 11 in the form of generating a water flow, and each curved baffle blade 18 penetrates the entire hollow "hyperboloids of revolution" (swirler), regardless of their number (the number of modules along the height of each tube 11). in view of the fact that the channels 19 have a spiral shape for the swirler 12, a swirl (in each channel) of a separately swirling flow occurs, leaving the cylindrical channel of the tube 11.

It should also be noted that the design diagram of the shut-off and control device 7 may contain, for example, an electrified valve and a pressure sensor (not shown).

The water intake structure functions as follows.

Using the SNP 4 operating mode under pressure, water is supplied to pipeline 2 and valves 7 are controlled. In this case, under pressure, water enters through the head 9 and fills the fixed closed dome 10, then through the tubes 11 it enters simultaneously into the spiral vortex-forming channels 19 of the swirler 12 and having a spiral form, form a single flow, swirling flow under pressure, fills the cavity of the hemispherical body 13, high-pressure water washes and passes through the fine-mesh filter mesh 16 stretched over the spherical frame 15, preventing the ingress of the mesh fabric filling the cavity 13 and biogenic contaminants (animal and of plant origin). The presence of a closed dome 10 with elements of a swirler 12 provides a high pressure water injection in the cavity of the sorbent damper 13, at the same time inside it washes (cleans) the area of the filtering surface of the mesh 16, which means the speed of passage of the water ceiling along the perimeter of the mesh fabric 16, also affects the flow upward , into the water layers of the canal for drip irrigation. This means that it eliminates the contact of a large-sized floating material from above (does not require an additional expensive compressor), and this, in turn, ensures that the entire compact device is placed in the bottom layer of water, and there is no need for compressed air supply from an expensive compressor (pressure - water pressure) into the pipeline, the SNP is set), especially, as noted in the prototype, it is necessary to have an additional expensive metal-intensive device for the distributor tubular collector, which, during prolonged operation in aggressive water, as practice shows, the metal corrodes, cracks appear, etc. .e. leaking air and filling them with water. At the same time, in the proposed technical solution, the efficiency of the water intake closed dome 10 with a bundle of swirlers 12 along the height and along the perimeter of the dome 10 increases the intensity under pressure, where the flow has always dissolving air, can provide improved performance characteristics of the water intake device located inside the sorobio barrier under specific conditions. At the same time, the flow with dissolved air swirling under pressure gives it additional acceleration and, secondly, the thin-walled swirler blades are a kind of partitions (plates), passing through which the flow of water under pressure rotates (accelerates) them, the swirler exerts water pressure on the internal filtering the surface, washes it and a stream comes out above it, cleans the filter mesh from the salt crust and, accordingly, passes the water flow into the bottom layers of water, i.e. creating a favorable release of water to the consumer and increasing the reliability of the proposed device.

The use of the invention will expand the functionality of the intake structure, ensure a reduction in the cost of the object, thus, in general, conditions are created for the improvement of the design of the invention and the operating conditions with swirlers with a covered filtering fine-mesh hemispherical water intake surface in the cavity of which the proposed device as a whole is located.

Claims (1)

The water intake structure, including a water intake pipeline equipped with shut-off and control valves with a water intake head located in the channel in the bottom layer of water, equipped with a trap bar in the form of a rigid body with a filtering mesh cloth placed in it, equipped with two alternately functioning water supply pipelines with water intake pipelines arranged on them in opposite sections of the channel cross-section and consisting of trash barriers made in the form of a rigid hemispherical frame with a waterproof base, which is covered with a filtering fine-mesh hemispherical water intake surface, in the cavity of which a flushing device is placed, directed towards the mesh fabric, characterized in that the water intake head on each water supply pipeline, it is made in the cavity of the trash barrage in the form of a closed dome and consists of modularly arranged side branches in the form of a bundle and the tubes along the height and along the perimeter of the closed dome, communicated with the corresponding hollow swirlers of the water flow, washing the fine-mesh hemispherical water intake surface, while the swirlers of the water flow consist of a hollow tube that has the shape of a "hyperboloid of revolution" and is made with the possibility of rotation due to the high-speed pressure supplied by a pump into the pipeline entering the cavity of each hollow swirler, outside of which there are vertical baffle blades bent in an Archimedes spiral to form a swirling flow that washes under pressure a fine-mesh hemispherical water intake surface, while the swirler beams form a swirling flow in the hemispherical water intake cavity the side of movement of the fine-mesh mesh fabric.

Images