RU2749035C1 - Antibacterial toilet soap containing extracts of yakut wormwood - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: cleaning compositions.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to methods for obtaining cleaning compositions based on soap that show antibacterial activity against gram-positive and gram-negative microorganisms, and is based on plant extracts, namely Yakut wormwood (Artemisia jacutica Drob.). Antibacterial toilet soap containing a soap base, an antibacterial agent, an antioxidant, functional additives and water is described, featuring the content of an aqueous extract of Yakut wormwood as an antibacterial agent with the following ratio of components, weight percentage: soap base 60-70; water extract of Yakut wormwood 5-8; citric acid 0.7-1.0; functional additives 11-19; water 10-13.

EFFECT: technical result is the creation of soap with antibacterial activity against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria while reducing the risks of negative dermatological manifestations.

1 cl, 2 tbl

Description

The invention relates to methods for preparing soap-based cleaning compositions with antibacterial activity against gram-positive and gram-negative microorganisms, based on plant extracts, namely, Yakut wormwood ( Artemisia jacutica Drob . ).

It is known that soap (hard bar or liquid form) has antibacterial properties to a large extent with the suppression of the growth and development of microorganisms from the surface of the skin as a result of a cleansing or washing action. At the same time, such actions can be significantly improved by adding herbal components to the soap.

Methods for obtaining extracts, essential oils, and various medicinal preparations from medicinal plants are well known. For example, Yakut wormwood is registered in the State Register of Medicines of the Russian Federation as a medicinal plant material and is used for medicinal purposes as an anti-inflammatory agent. In addition, wormwood herb has antibacterial and fungistatic activity. The extract is also indicated for use in malaria and various venereal diseases, while a decoction prepared on the basis of the Yakut wormwood inflorescence is recommended for use in scabies.

From the prior art, a method is known for preparing a detergent composition (see US No. 7285521, class C11D 9/02, C11D 3/08, publ. 23.10.2007) containing a soap base (64-80 wt.%), Bentonite powder with a size particles from 8 to 15 microns in an amount of at least 16 wt.% and functional additives, including moisturizers, such as glycerin, lanolin or others. The adsorbing effect of bentonite powder in this soap composition improves skin cleansing and degreasing. However, the known technical solution does not confirm the antimicrobial effect of soap on the skin.

In this case, the antimicrobial action of an agent based on inorganic components is known (see RU No. 2330673, class A61K 33/38, A61K 33/34, A61K 47/02, A61P 31/04, publ. 08/10/2008), namely , nanoparticles of bentonite powder intercalated with Ag ⁺ or / and Cu ^{2+ ions} , which were obtained by modifying bentonite with solutions of inorganic salts of silver nitrate or copper sulfate, pre-enriched with Na ⁺ cations by treating it with an aqueous solution of an inorganic sodium salt, followed by purification.

However, this decision does not provide for the development of a soap formulation with antimicrobial properties.

In the technical solution according to the international application WO 2006/097238 (class C11D 9/18, C11D 9/50, A61Q 19/10, publ. 09/21/2006), a toilet soap with antimicrobial properties is proposed, containing a soap base, antimicrobial agents, an antioxidant, functional additives and water. For this reason, montmorillonite powder (bentonite Na ⁺ form) is used in the composition of soap in an amount of 5 to 30 wt.%, Which gives the soap adsorbing properties. As antimicrobial agents in this solution, a mixture of 3,4,4'-trichlorocarbanilide (TCC) and 3,4,4'-trichloro-2'-hydroxydiphenyl ether (TCN) is used in an amount of not more than 2 wt%. As additional functional additives in the known invention, it is proposed to use perfume, humectants, for example, glycerin, lanolin. The base of toilet soap is traditionally obtained by saponification of fats, including edible fats, palm oil, coconut oil, sunflower oil and others.

In addition, a soap with antibacterial properties is known according to patent RU No. 2431656 (class C11D 9/18, C11D 9/22, C11D 9/50, publ. 20.10.2011), which contains nanoparticles of bentonite powder intercalated with ions as an antibacterial agent Ag ⁺ or / and Cu ^{2+ ions} ,

However, the use of an antibacterial agent based on these organic compounds in known solutions containing phenolic and aromatic halogenated groups is impractical due to their irritating and allergenic effects on the skin. The presence in the soap of a mineral (bentonite Na ⁺ form) containing alkali metal cations (Na ⁺ , K ⁺ ), leads to an increase in pH (soap alkalinity), which adversely affects the skin. In addition, the content of a significant amount of moisturizing, softening additives and antioxidants increases the cost of soap products.

The problem to be solved by the claimed invention is to create a soap that has antibacterial activity against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria.

The technical effect obtained when solving the problem is expressed in obtaining an antibacterial effect of a cleaning composition based on soap containing an aqueous extract of Yakut wormwood, while reducing the risk of negative dermatological manifestations.

To achieve this objective, antibacterial toilet soap containing a soap base, an antibacterial agent, an antioxidant, functional additives and water is distinguished by the fact that it contains an aqueous extract of Yakut wormwood, obtained by extracting an aqueous solution of Yakut wormwood, where lemon is used as an antioxidant. acid, with the following ratio of components, wt. %: soap base - 60-70; water extract of Yakut wormwood - 5-8; antioxidant - 0.7-1.0; functional additives - 11-19; water - 10-13.

Comparative analysis of the features of the claimed solution with known features indicates the compliance of the declared solution with the "novelty" criterion.

The set of features of the invention provides a solution to the claimed technical problem due to the absence of metals and the use of natural ingredients in the composition of the soap composition, namely, an aqueous extract of Yakut wormwood, and the achievement of positive results when using soap without the risk of negative phenomena such as skin allergic reactions, irritation of the mucous membrane and etc.

Essential oils and herbal medicines are widely used in biomedicine. The anti-inflammatory effect of the Yakut wormwood extract has been studied by many Russian and foreign researchers.

It was found that water extracts of Yakut wormwood, growing in the territory of Yakutia, have antibacterial activity like water-alcohol and alcohol extracts of wormwood, but they are not toxic and do not cause dermatological manifestations. The method of obtaining an aqueous extract of Yakut wormwood is described in the article "Antibacterial activity and cytotoxic analysis of extracts from the phytomass of wild plants in Yakutia" co-authors S.V. Sivtseva and Zh.M. Okhlopkova (see "Bulletin of the North-Eastern Federal University named after M. K. Ammosov", No. 3 (65), 2018).

The claimed technical solution consists in the fact that water extracts of Yakut wormwood, growing on the territory of Yakutia in ecologically clean phytocenoses and possessing significant biological activity, are taken as the basis for the antibacterial soap.

All works related to the determination of the antibacterial activity and the level of cytotoxicity of the extracts were carried out in the research laboratories of the Microbiology Department of the Graduate School of Natural Sciences, Pusan National University, Republic of Korea.

For experimental work, antibacterial soap was obtained by isolating extracts on a shaker.

In this case, 200 ml of distilled water was added as an extractant to a weighed portion of dried ground overground phytomass of 2 ± 0.5 g. The extraction was carried out for 24-48 hours with occasional stirring at room temperature. At the end of the time, the extracts were filtered through a filter (Qualitative Filter Paper, Advantec 2, 185 mm). Concentration of extracts was carried out using a rotary evaporator "Eyela CA-111 2 cl "(State Pharmacopoeia of the USSR, 1990) for 3-4 hours at 40 ± 0.5 ° C... Drying of the obtained concentrated extracts was carried out on a "ModulSpin" lyophilizer for 3-4 hours. Thus, dry extracts from the Yakut wormwood phytomass were taken for screening.

The resulting extracts were tested for antibacterial activity against microorganisms such as Escherichia coli BL21, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumoniae , which are known to be most active against growth and development. For this, we used the environment of Czapek and Saburo, corresponding to Russian and international standards (GOST P ISO 14644-1-2002; GOST ISO 9001-2011; GOST ISO 13485: 2003; NCCLS M22-A3), poured into Petri dishes.

Screening was carried out according to the Kirby-Bauer method with modifications (Bauer AW, Kirby WM, 1966): under sterile conditions, a predetermined volume of extract dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) (0 , 5 μL), after which, short-term drying was carried out, and the disks with the applied extracts were placed on the surface of the agar medium, maintaining a distance of 15 mm from the edge of the plate, and at least 30 mm between the disks themselves. In the control variants, disks impregnated with an appropriate concentration of DMSO were applied to agar media. Petri dishes of the experimental and control variants were incubated in a thermostat at a temperature of + 37 ± 0.5 ° C for 3-4 days, depending on the strain. The degree of sensitivity of test objects to plant extracts was assessed by measuring the diameter of the zones of inhibition of the growth of microorganisms around the discs in mm. In the control variants, test objects were used without exposure to extracts (see National Committee for clinical Laboratory Standards Methods for determining bactericidal activity of antimicrobial agents. Proposed Guidline, 1997; Bauer, Kirby, 1966; Ulusoylu et. All, 2001).

All variants (experimental and control) were performed in 3 replicates. Statistical processing of the results and their reliability were determined using the MS Exsel Microsoft Office program and performed using the Student's test for a probability level of at least 95% (Lakin, 1990; Glantz, 1998).

From the results of the analysis of antibacterial activity, it follows that water extracts of Yakut wormwood are quite active against the growth and development of test microorganisms (see table 1).

Further, the obtained extracts are used to obtain antibacterial soap, the experimental composition of which is presented in table 2.

The method for producing natural antibacterial soap includes the following processes:

- introduction of an alkali hydroxide solution into water with constant stirring at a temperature of 20-25 ° C and atmospheric pressure, heating the solution to a temperature of 90 ° C and stirring until the hydroxide is completely dissolved in the solution, followed by heating to 125 ° C;

- adding oil or a mixture of oils to the solution, while the temperature of the oil is 15-25 ° C;

- saponification of oils at a temperature of 90-125 ° C;

- maturation and plasticization with constant cooling to a temperature of 15-25 ° С, homogenization;

- introduction of an aqueous solution of a foam stabilizer (food foam stabilizers) and an aqueous solution of an antioxidant (weak organic acids);

- introduction of useful additives (including water extract of Yakut wormwood) and heating the mixture to a temperature of 100 ° C.

Vegetable oils or their mixtures are used as oils, for example, palm, coconut, olive, almond, cedar. The temperature in the range of 90-125 ° C under atmospheric pressure is sufficient for a quick saponification of oils without overheating the oils, as a result of which the consumer properties of the finished soap are improved.

For saponification of vegetable oil or a mixture of oils, hydroxides of alkali or alkaline earth metals are used, while in order to retain glycerol in the soap base, carbonates or bicarbonates of alkali or alkaline earth metals are used, which in an aqueous solution are directly added to the digester before the oils are added.

Subsequent gradual cooling of the soap mass to a temperature of 25-15 ° C makes it possible to obtain a batch of the finished soap base on average per day, without production waste, which is achieved by calculating the proportions of the initial ingredients.

The stability of the soap and the prevention of oxidation of the finished product is ensured by the addition of antioxidants such as weak organic acids such as citric acid. The selected acid is added in the form of an aqueous solution in an amount of 10 ± 1 g to the mass of the soap base.

As useful additives, in addition to fatty oils, extracts of mint, lavender and tea tree, Yakut wormwood extract is introduced in the amount of 113 ± 1 g to the mass of the soap base at an initial temperature of 20 ° C, followed by heating to 100 ° C, which ensures a uniform distribution of the additive in soap and interaction with the residual water contained in the soap base, retained by glycerin.

The soap is made as follows (in terms of 2.310 g of the finished product)

Distilled water in an amount of 10 liters is placed at room temperature in a stainless steel boiler equipped with a stirrer in the form of a stirrer, a water bath, thermometers and fittings, in which a solution of caustic soda is added in an amount of 10-13%, stirred, the oil mixture is added coconut and olive oil in a ratio of 2: 1 in an amount of 35 liters and bring the boiler temperature to 90 ° C. The saponification process is carried out for 2.5 ± 1 hours at a temperature of 90-125 ° C and constant stirring. As the soap thickens, stirring is stopped, heating is stopped, allowing the kettle with soap to gradually cool down at room temperature for 18 hours. Next, the soap mass is transferred into a homogenizer equipped with a thermometer and a heating device, food gelatin is added in an amount of 800 ± 1 g in an aqueous solution, 1.6 l of water, 0.70 ± 1% g of citric acid is added to an aqueous solution, stirred at room temperature. temperature, add 113 ± 1 g of an aqueous extract of the Yakut wormwood, mix, smoothly heating the resulting mixture to 100 ° C until a homogeneous molten mass is obtained, then stopping the heating to form the finished soap.

The toxicity of aqueous extracts was studied on sexually mature 16 white balb / c mice of both sexes (m = 38-40 grams), grown in the vivarium of the laboratory of pathogenic microbiology of Pusan National University and quarantined for 14 days.

The experimental animals were kept under standard vivarium conditions on a normal diet with free access to water and food, under normal temperature and light conditions. The animals were divided into 2 groups: in the first group, extracts were administered orally in an amount of 100 μl, distilled water in an amount of 100 μl served as a control; the second group was injected extracts in the dose range of 2.0-5.0 g / kg (in terms of dry raw materials), once, intramuscularly, in volumes from 0.2 to 1.0 ml, 1% PBS solution (1 ml ).

During the entire time, the animals were under observation (Irwin, 1964, 1968; Griffin, 1981). The total duration of observation of experimental animals after the introduction of the extracts was 10 days. The observation was carried out in the morning and in the evening according to the methodological instructions (see.Khabriev R.U. Guidelines for the experimental (preclinical) study of new pharmacological substances / 2-ed., Revised and additional - M .: JSC Publishing House Medicine, 2005, - 832 p. .) and the requirements for testing the safety of new medical products operating within the European Economic Community in terms of conditions of detention, duration of observation, number of animals in a group (see Griffin JP Referring to the paper by Zbinden and Flury-Roversi // Archives of Toxicology. , 1981. No. 49. p. 99-103).

The general condition of the animals and their behavior were monitored for 24 hours. The criteria for assessing "acute" toxicity was the picture of intoxication and survival of experimental animals.

The animals under study were kept in accordance with GOST R 50258-92 in stationary plastic cages with soft wood chips (7-10 individuals in each), on a standard food ration (ProKorm granulated food, art. R-22), natural light mode. The air temperature was maintained within the range of 20-22 ° C, the relative humidity of the air - 50-70%, the volume of air exchange (extract: inflow) - 8:10, daylight: night - 1: 1. The animals were kept with free access to food and water. The animals were quarantined for 14 days. During this time, each animal was examined daily.

The studies were carried out in compliance with the rules of laboratory practice during preclinical studies in the Russian Federation, regulated by GOST R 51000.3-96 and the rules and international recommendations of the "European Convention for the Protection of Vertebrate Animals Used for Experiments or Other Scientific Purposes" All experiments were carried out in the autumn-winter period. During the entire experiment, no lethal outcome was observed in the control and experimental groups, which indicates the non-toxicity of aqueous extracts of the Yakut wormwood.

Throughout the experiment, the animals were under observation for 10 days from the moment of the introduction of the extracts and the reference solution. During the observation, no changes were recorded in the behavior of the animals, the volumes of food and water consumed in comparison with the control specimens. Weighing of the experimental and control groups of animals was carried out at the beginning and at the end of the experiment. At the end of the experiment, a hematological study was performed.

Thus, on the basis of the data obtained, the investigated extracts in doses up to 100 µl were classified according to Khabriev's classification “Practically non-toxic” (IV class of toxicity).

According to the results of screening of antibacterial activity found that aqueous extracts of wormwood Yakut have activity against the growth and development of microorganisms used, which can be represented in the ranked list (descending): Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 10031 ˃ Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 ˃ Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 ˃ Escherichia coli BL2.

In addition, water extracts of Yakut wormwood do not cause strong allergic reactions, which makes it possible to use them in the production of hygiene products.

Table 1

Antibacterial and fungistic activity of water extracts of Yakut wormwood

Water extract Microorganism Suppression area (mm) wormwood Yakut TSYa Escherichia coli BL21 9.3 ± 1 wormwood Yakut Yuya Escherichia coli BL21 11.05 ± 2 wormwood Yakut TSYa Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 9.02 ± 1 wormwood Yakut Yuya Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 12.05 ± 2 wormwood Yakut TSYa Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 12.3 ± 2 wormwood Yakut Yuya Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 9.8 ± 2 wormwood Yakut TSYa Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 10031 12.7 ± 2 wormwood Yakut Yuya Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 10031 10.3 ± 1 Control DMSO 5.3 ± 1

Note.

TSYa - Central Yakutia;

YuYa - South Yakutia.

table 2

Experimental composition of antibacterial soap containing Yakut wormwood extract

Material Consumption Palm oil 20-42% coconut (refined) oil 15-26% olive oil 15-30% Alkali NaOH 10-13% water 10-13% water extract of Yakut wormwood 5-8% safety overfat 2% coconut oil (overfat) 5-8% almond oil (overfat) 1-3% cedar nut oil (overfat) 1-3% lemon acid 0.70% mint 0.42% tea tree 1.13% lavender 1.04%

Claims (2)

An antibacterial toilet soap containing a soap base, an antibacterial agent, an antioxidant, functional additives and water, characterized in that it contains an aqueous extract of Yakut wormwood as an antibacterial agent, with the following ratio of components, wt. %: soap base 60-70 water extract of Yakut wormwood 5-8 lemon acid 0.7-1.0 functional additives 11-19 water 10-13