RU2748789C1 - Structure condition inspection device - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction.SUBSTANCE: invention is used for non-destructive control of structures of buildings and constructions. The device contains piezoelectric sensors, analog signal amplifiers, a receiving and transmitting device, a computer (portable) PC, software, an operator panel with light and sound accompaniment, a video camera, analog-to-digital converters, an accelerometer, an external case, inclinometers, a unit for modeling the wear of objects, a unit for predicting the technical condition, a unit for analyzing statistical information, a unit for storing survey and operation data, a unit for modeling deformations from physical impact, and a heat flow monitoring device. Piezoelectric sensors are connected in series with analog signal amplifiers, analog signal amplifiers are connected in series with a receiving and transmitting device, which is connected in series with a computer (portable) PC and interacts with it through the first software. Accelerometers are connected in series with analog signal amplifiers, analog signal amplifiers are connected in series with a second analog-to-digital converter, which is connected in series with a computer (portable) PC and interacts with it through a second software. The video cameras are connected in series to the first analog-to-digital converter, which is connected in series to a computer (portable) PC and interacts with it through a third software. The heat flow monitoring devices are connected in series with a third analog-to-digital converter, which is connected in series with a computer (portable) PC and interacts with it through the fourth software. The inclinometers are connected in series to the fourth analog-to-digital converter, which is connected in series to a computer (portable) PC and interacts with it through the fifth software. The unit for modeling the wear of objects, the unit for predicting the technical condition, the unit for analyzing statistical information, the unit for storing survey and operation data, and the unit for modeling deformations from physical impact are sequentially connected to the operator panel with light and sound accompaniment, which is sequentially connected to a computer (portable) PC. At the same time, each piezoelectric sensor and accelerometer is connected to its own analog signal amplifier, and a computer (portable) PC is located inside the case and contains pre-installed first, second, third and fourth software.EFFECT: invention is aimed at increasing reliability of determining the technical condition of building structures.1 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of non-destructive testing of structures of buildings and structures and is intended to determine the technical state of building structures based on the values of controlled physical parameters and to diagnose the safe operation of objects.

As a result of the patent search, devices used to solve this kind of problems were discovered, which can be considered as analogs of the alleged device.

Known "Method and system for monitoring the state of structures" (RF patent for invention RU 2683369 C2). The system for monitoring the state of structures is a measuring module installed on a monitored structural element, which provides the ability to measure the angular and linear displacements of the monitored structural element. The disadvantage of the known system is the inability to measure the heat flux passing through the inspected object, which does not allow to fully analyze the change in the course of physicochemical processes.

Known "Method for remote monitoring and diagnostics of the state of structures and engineering structures and a device for its implementation" (RF patent for invention RU 2471161 C1) - [1]. The known technical solution is a device containing measurement units: deformation, mechanical stress, vibration, pressure, flow rate, temperature of the transported product, soil temperature, electric current, electric potential with a reference electrode, converters, controller, modem, communication line and control point. The disadvantage of the known device is the inability to measure the deviation of building structures of objects from the design position, which reduces the efficiency of inspection of the technical condition of buildings and structures.

It is known "Device for monitoring the technical condition of building structures" (RF patent for invention RU 940241, declared on 07/15/2019) - [2], which is a device in a protective case, which contains a bubble level and a webcam, placed in an opaque compartment in this way so that the bubble level is fully present in the frame, as well as the block for processing and storing the photo image. The device is used to assess and predict the technical condition of shipping locks, mooring structures, bridge supports, building structures and other building structures based on the results of measuring the slope of their individual parts relative to the horizontal plane. The disadvantage of the known system is the inability to measure the projection of the apparent acceleration due to the lack of accelerometers.

Known "Method for monitoring the technical condition of objects of increased danger" (RF patent for invention RU 2626391, declared on 30.08.2016) - [3]. This technical solution is an automated system for monitoring the technical condition of structures, which includes three basic levels: a sensor subsystem, a data collection and processing subsystem, as well as an expert system for assessing and predicting the state of an object, which is an industrial computer with an installed software tool. On the basis of design materials, design and survey work, a calculated mathematical model of the object is formed in the expert system. On the basis of the constructed model, a space is formed to identify the controlled object by measuring the frequencies and forms of its natural vibrations. The disadvantage of the known system is the inability to form models of physical wear and tear of objects, which does not allow predicting changes in wear values of building structures and providing the organization operating the facility with the necessary data on a possible change in the technical state of a building or structure.

Known "Device for inspection of the state of the structure" (RU 2636789 C1, G01N 29/00, 28.11.2017) - [4], which is the closest to the device developed by the authors, therefore, this invention was adopted as a prototype of the claimed technical solution.

The disadvantage of this system is the lack of the ability to predict the technical state of buildings and structures, analysis of statistical information about operated objects, lack of functionality for storing survey and operation data, modeling deformations of physical impact, measuring deviations of building structures of objects from the design position, measuring dynamic changes in mechanical variables.

The problem to be solved by the claimed invention is to increase the efficiency of the operation of buildings and structures for civil and industrial purposes by controlling the change in the technical state of building structures.

The technical result, which is realized when using the proposed technical solution, consists in increasing the reliability of determining the technical state of building structures based on expanding the controlled physical parameters and expanding the capabilities of the device for diagnosing the safe operation of objects in structures, based on modeling the wear of objects, analyzing statistical information about the results examination and modeling of deformations from physical impact.

The essence of the claimed device for examining the state of structures is that the known device contains piezoelectric sensors, analog signal amplifiers, a receiving and transmitting device, a computer (portable) PC, software, an operator panel with light and sound accompaniment, a video camera, analog-to-digital converters, accelerometer, outer case.

In this case, the device is additionally equipped with:

inclinometers, a unit for modeling the wear of objects, a unit for predicting a technical condition, a unit for analyzing statistical information, a unit for storing survey and operation data, a unit for modeling deformations from physical impact, and a heat flow control device is used instead of a temperature sensor.

In this case, piezoelectric sensors are connected in series with analog signal amplifiers, analog signal amplifiers are connected in series with a receiving and transmitting device, which is connected in series with a (portable) PC and interacts with it through the first software;

accelerometers are connected in series with analog signal amplifiers, analog signal amplifiers are connected in series with a second analog-to-digital converter, which is connected in series with a (portable) PC and interacts with it through the second software;

video cameras are connected in series with the first analog-to-digital converter, which is connected in series with a computer (portable) PC and interacts with it through the third software;

heat flow control devices are connected in series with a third analog-to-digital converter, which is connected in series with a (portable) PC and interacts with it through the fourth software;

inclinometers are connected in series with the fourth analog-to-digital converter, which is connected in series with a computer (portable) PC and interacts with it through the fifth software;

the unit for modeling the wear of objects, the unit for predicting the technical condition, the unit for analyzing statistical information, the unit for storing the survey and operation data, the unit for modeling deformations from physical impact are sequentially connected to the operator panel with light and sound accompaniment, which is sequentially connected to a computer (portable) PC.

In this case, each piezoelectric sensor and accelerometer is connected to its own analog signal amplifier, and the computer (portable) PC is located inside the case and contains the pre-installed first, second, third and fourth software.

Distinctive features of the declared device for examining the state of structures are:

1.additional supply with inclinometers, a unit for modeling the wear of objects, a unit for predicting a technical condition, a unit for analyzing statistical information, a unit for storing survey and operation data, a unit for modeling deformations from physical impact;

2. the use of heat flow control devices instead of a temperature sensor;

3. serial connection of the heat flow control device with the third analog-to-digital converter;

4. serial connection of the third analog-to-digital converter with a computer (portable) PC and interaction with it through the fourth software;

5. serial connection of inclinometers by the fourth analog-to-digital converter;

6. serial connection of the fourth analog-to-digital converter with a computer (portable) PC and interaction with it through the fifth software;

7. serial connection of the unit for modeling the wear of objects, the unit for predicting the technical condition, the unit for analyzing statistical information, the unit for storing the survey and operation data, the unit for modeling deformations from physical impact with the operator panel with light and sound support.

According to the information available to the authors, the set of distinctive features is not known in the technical literature, which meets the "novelty" condition of patentability.

The combined use of the specified distinctive features No. 1 ... 7 in the claimed device allows to obtain a positive effect, which consists in the fact that the scope of application of the device is expanded, since it can be used to examine the state of structures based on expanding the controlled physical parameters and expanding the capabilities of the device to diagnose the technical state of buildings and structures by modeling the wear of objects, predicting the technical condition of objects, analyzing statistical information on the results of the survey and modeling deformations from physical impact, as well as storage of survey and operation data.

The claimed technical solution is presented in graphic materials, namely:

Figure 1 shows a block diagram of the proposed device.

Figure 1 uses the following conventions and numbering in Arabic numerals:

1 - Piezoelectric sensors;

2 - The first amplifier of an analog signal;

3 - Receiving and transmitting device;

4 - Computer (portable) PC;

5 - First software;

6 - Operator panel;

7 - Video camera;

8 - The first analog-to-digital converter;

9 - Second software;

10 - Accelerometer;

11 - Second amplifier for analog signal;

12 - Second analog-to-digital converter;

13 - Third software;

14 - Outer case;

15 - Heat flow control device;

16 - The third analog-to-digital converter;

17 - inclinometers;

18 - The fourth analog-to-digital converter;

19 - Fourth software;

20 - Fifth software;

21 - Block for modeling the wear of objects;

22 - Block for predicting the mechanical state;

23 - Unit for analysis of statistical information;

24 - Block for storing survey and operation data;

25 - Block for modeling deformations of physical impact.

This invention can be implemented in portable units by serial switching at construction sites. Made in the form of portable units, the device is installed on a building structure: inclinometers, accelerometers, piezoelectric sensors, video cameras; and the blocks for modeling the wear of objects, predicting the mechanical state, analyzing statistical information, storing survey and operating data, modeling deformations of physical impact are located in a computer (portable) PC, which, in turn, is enclosed in an outer case.

Inclinometers measure the tilt angles and direction (azimuth) of building structures relative to the Earth's gravitational field to determine the stability of the position and, most importantly, quantify the magnitude, speed and direction of the tilt.

Accelerometers measure the projection of the apparent acceleration of building structures, which allows you to control their vibrations. With their help, it is possible to register the accelerations that are transmitted to these structures or to their elements. The sensors allow you to measure how the inspected building structure changes during the construction phase and during the operation of the facility.

Piezoelectric sensors measure the rate of change in deformation (vibration) of building structures.

Video cameras carry out photo and video recording of changes in building structures and save these data in the database.

The block for modeling the wear of objects simulates the wear of objects of building structures.

The mechanical condition prediction unit provides a forecast of the mechanical condition of building structures in the short and long term.

The statistical information analysis unit collects, summarizes, analyzes and gives an overall assessment of the state of building structures.

The storage unit for inspection and operation data stores data on the inspection and operation of building structures and their condition.

The block for modeling deformations of physical impact simulates deformations of physical impact.

The device for examining the state of structures contains elements that are characterized at the functional level. Further, when describing the operation of the proposed device, information is presented confirming the possibility of performing by such means a specific function prescribed for it as part of this device.

The device works as follows.

The operator connects piezoelectric sensors, accelerometers, inclinometers, video cameras and heat flow control devices to the inspected building structure.

Piezoelectric sensors respond to vibration or pressure in the building structure being inspected by stretching or compressing piezo crystals and convert mechanical vibration into an electrical signal. Further, this signal is amplified in the first analog signal amplifier, and then through the receiving-transmitting device goes to the computer (portable) PC, where it is processed by the first software, and then displayed on the operator panel. Information from piezoelectric sensors is also duplicated in blocks for modeling the wear of objects, predicting the mechanical state, analyzing static information, storing survey and operating data, modeling deformations of physical impact.

Accelerometers respond to static or dynamic acceleration that occurs in the inspected building structure under the action of a force acting on the sensor element of the sensor. Further, this signal is amplified in the first analog signal amplifier, and then through the second analog-to-digital converter goes to the computer (portable) PC, where it is processed by the third software, and then displayed on the operator panel. Information from accelerometers is also duplicated in blocks for modeling the wear of objects, predicting the mechanical state, analyzing static information, storing survey and operating data, modeling deformations of physical impact.

Inclinometers (electronic) use a gyroscope to measure the direction of gravity, which remains in the same position, regardless of the tilt angle of the instrument. The angle between the gyroscope and the inspected building structure is determined using electronic sensors, and then its value through the fourth analog-to-digital converter goes to the computer (portable) PC, where it is processed by the fifth software, and then displayed on the operator panel. Information from inclinometers is also duplicated in blocks for modeling the wear of objects, predicting the mechanical state, analyzing static information, storing survey and operating data, modeling deformations of physical impact.

Video cameras record deviations of the inspected building structure for the purpose of video and photographic recording and transmit these data to the first analog-to-digital converter, from which they go to the computer (portable) PC, where it is processed by the second software, and then displayed on the operator panel, signaling the operator about changes in the state of the inspected building structure.

The heat flow control device measures and registers: the density of heat flows passing through a single or multi-layer inspected building structure, through its thermal insulation and cladding; the temperature of the surface of the inspected building structure and the surrounding air and transfers these data to the third analog-to-digital converter, from which they go to the computer (portable) PC, where they are processed by the fourth software, and then displayed on the operator panel. Information from devices for measuring heat flow is also duplicated in blocks for modeling the wear of objects, predicting the mechanical state, analyzing static information, storing survey and operating data, modeling deformations of physical impact.

The operator, having received information from the piezoelectric sensors on the panel, analyzes the changes in pressure and vibration in the inspected building structure, their effect on the technical condition, the entire structure, first of all, the occurrence of deformations, and work in general, if it is, for example, an industrial enterprise.

Based on the data received by the operator from the accelerometers, he makes an assessment of the state of the supporting structures and can observe the technical condition of the inspected building structure during its operation, register the accelerations that are "transmitted" to the structure or its elements. Accelerometer sensors record vibrations caused by both natural and man-made factors.

The operator uses data from inclinometers to make an estimate of the magnitude and azimuth of the angle of the inspected building structure relative to the Earth's gravitational field, which is necessary to determine the inspected structure in space and prevent emergencies.

The data received by the operator from video cameras give a visual representation of those changes in the inspected building structure that can be seen visually.

Based on the data obtained from the heat flow control devices, the operator determines the resistance to heat transfer and thermal resistance of the building structure under study, and conducts estimated measurements of its thermal conductivity.

The data received from piezoelectric sensors, accelerometers, inclinometers, video cameras and heat flow control devices are also sent to the object wear modeling unit. Physical deterioration is modeled taking into account the impact of external and internal factors. Analysis and use of the data obtained during the survey allows us to identify more real values of physical wear and tear, as well as to determine the corresponding dependencies and trends.

The data received from piezoelectric sensors, accelerometers, inclinometers, video cameras and heat flow control devices are also sent to the mechanical state prediction unit. Predicting the physical state of the building structure under study in time and establishing appropriate measures for its maintenance is possible by moving from the analysis of a real object to the analysis of its mathematical model. When idealizing a real object, it is very important to take into account, with sufficient accuracy for practical purposes, all essential properties and connections, abstracting from secondary, inessential properties and connections.

The data received from piezoelectric sensors, accelerometers, inclinometers, video cameras and heat flow control devices are also sent to the statistical information analysis unit, where it is analyzed and, formed in the form of graphs and reports, is displayed on the operator panel.

The data received from piezoelectric sensors, accelerometers, inclinometers, video cameras and heat flow control devices are also sent to the survey and operation data storage unit, where all the information received about the inspected building structure is accumulated and stored. If necessary, the operator can use it at any time upon request.

The data received from piezoelectric sensors, accelerometers, inclinometers, video cameras and heat flow control devices are also sent to the unit for modeling deformations of physical impact, where the problem of determining the deformation of the physical effect of the inspected building structure is solved numerically, by the method of finite differences in the formulation of plane deformation: a model of the mechanical response of the subject is described. building structure.

As a result, a ready-made report on the state of the inspected building structure and graphics are displayed on the operator panel.

At the end of the survey, the operator, using information from the database on previously occurring changes in the technical state of building structures, depending on the indicators of recording devices (piezoelectric sensors, accelerometers, inclinometers, heat flow control devices), determines the reliability of the report received and, in case of a positive outcome, saves graphs and report. The operator sequentially disconnects all portable modules and a PC. After the operator checks the report, he enters it into the database and provides it to the customer (contractor).

Thus, due to the improvement of the known system, the required technical result is achieved, which consists in increasing the reliability of determining the state of building structures on the basis of expanding the controlled physical parameters and expanding the system's ability to diagnose the safe operation of objects.

Used sources

1. Patent for a useful model of the Russian Federation: RU 91198 U1 dated 27.01.2010, IPC G06F 17/00, "Automated information and analytical system for monitoring projects."

2. Patent for the invention of the Russian Federation: RU 2569574 C1 dated November 27, 2015, IPC Н04В 17/00, "Information-analytical device for managing the efficiency of innovative development of an enterprise."

3. Patent for invention of the Russian Federation: RU 2626349 from С226.07.2017, IPC G06F 13/00, "Software complex of integrated information systems for managing a manufacturing enterprise."

4. Patent for a useful model of the Russian Federation: RU 128361 U1 dated 20.05.2013, IPC G05B 15/00, G06F 17/40, "Control system for an automated complex of engineering and technical support."

5. Patent for invention of the Russian Federation: RU 2695987 C1 dated 07/29/2019, G06Q 10/06, "Automated enterprise management system" - prototype.

Claims (1)

A device for examining the state of structures, containing piezoelectric sensors, analog signal amplifiers, a receiving and transmitting device, a computer (portable) PC, software, an operator panel with light and sound accompaniment, a video camera, analog-to-digital converters, an accelerometer, an external case, which is characterized by that the device is additionally equipped with inclinometers, a unit for modeling the wear of objects, a unit for predicting a technical condition, a unit for analyzing statistical information, a unit for storing survey and operation data, a unit for modeling deformations from physical impact, and instead of a temperature sensor, a heat flow control device is used, while: piezoelectric sensors are connected in series with analog signal amplifiers, analog signal amplifiers are connected in series with a receiving and transmitting device, which is connected in series with a computer (portable) PC and interacts with it. re the first software; accelerometers are connected in series with analog signal amplifiers, analog signal amplifiers are connected in series with a second analog-to-digital converter, which is connected in series with a (portable) PC and interacts with it through the second software; video cameras are connected in series with the first analog-to-digital converter, which is connected in series with a computer (portable) PC and interacts with it through the third software; heat flow control devices are connected in series with a third analog-to-digital converter, which is connected in series with a (portable) PC and interacts with it through the fourth software; inclinometers are connected in series with the fourth analog-to-digital converter, which is connected in series with a computer (portable) PC and interacts with it through the fifth software; the unit for modeling the wear of objects, the unit for predicting the technical condition, the unit for analyzing statistical information, the unit for storing the survey and operation data, the unit for modeling deformations from physical impact are connected in series with the operator panel with light and sound support, which is connected in series with a computer (portable) PC, when In this case, each piezoelectric sensor and accelerometer is connected to its own analog signal amplifier, and the computer (portable) PC is located inside the case and contains the pre-installed first, second, third and fourth software.

Images