RU2748237C1 - Water ski tractor “dolphin” with electromagnetic coupling of ski - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: water transport.SUBSTANCE: water ski tractor (hereinafter – WST) contains a case made with the possibility of adjusting the center of gravity by moving the batteries in the battery compartments and/or using a ballast system. The water ski tractor also contains a power plant, which consists of electric engines and water-jet turbines, a winch, a mechanism for fixing ski and/or monoski, an on-board computer, a telescopic guide with a handle-holder having control buttons for transmitting signals to the on-board computer, a lock for a telescopic guide and ski and/or monoski, made with the possibility of docking and undocking with the WST. The telescopic guide is connected to the handle-holder by means of a soft coupling wound on the winch, it has telescopic supports. The handle-holder contains an electromagnetic lock for connection to the telescopic guide.EFFECT: improved maneuverability and handling of the water ski tractor is achieved.23 cl, 25 dwg

Description

The invention relates to water transport, in particular, to individual means of transportation on water and is intended for water sports and recreation on calm and stormy water.

Known small motor boat (DE 10159040 A1, A63B 69/00, 12.09.2002), intended for water sports, such as water skiing or wakeboard, and made with the possibility of remote control of the towed skier. The motor boat contains a hull made in the lower part of an arched type on two runners and containing control blades, an engine, a propeller driven by the engine, a battery, a handle made with the ability to control the engine speed and containing the engine control buttons. At the same time, the handle is connected to the motor boat by means of a cable, into which an electric control cable is integrated.

The disadvantage of this technical solution is the lack of maneuverability and controllability, the inability to adjust the center of gravity of the motor boat.

The closest analogue of the invention is a device for towing a water skier (AU 7185874 A, B63B 35/81, 02/05/1976), containing an unmanned boat having a steering device, an engine equipped with a water jet unit and a throttle control lever, a towing cable fixed at the end on the boat and passing from it to the back, a control handle attached to the opposite end of the towing cable and having engine speed control means, a hydraulic drive connecting the steering device on the boat to the control handle and including a slave mechanism with a hydraulic drive for turning the boat steering device, the main control unit, mounted on the handle, the hoses run along the tow line and connect the hydraulic swing drive to the main control box.

The disadvantage of this technical solution is the lack of maneuverability and controllability, the inability to adjust the center of gravity of the motor boat, as well as the complexity of manufacturing an unmanned boat through the use of a hydraulic control drive.

The aim of the invention is to create a water ski tractor (hereinafter - TVL), which does not have the above disadvantages and has improved performance compared to analogues.

The technical result consists in improving operational characteristics, consisting in increasing maneuverability and improving controllability, through the use of water-jet turbines and by adjusting the center of gravity, by moving batteries in the TVL housing and / or using a ballast system, as well as increasing safety and comfort control, due to docking and undocking of skis from TVL for remote maneuvering and performing tricks.

In accordance with the goals and advantages described here, and to solve the above problems, a water ski tractor (hereinafter referred to as TVL) was developed, containing a body, a power plant, battery compartments, a handle-holder containing control buttons in it and connected to the TVL by means of a soft hitch, characterized in that the TVL body has the ability to adjust the center of gravity by moving batteries in the battery compartments and / or using a ballast system, and the TVL power plant contains electric motors and water-jet turbines, and the TVL additionally contains skis and / or monoski, a winch and an on-board computer configured to control TVL, TVL also contains a telescopic guide, which extends when the skier is distanced, having a rigid support point closer to the rear of the TVL housing to prevent imbalance in controllability and configured to pass a soft hitch wound on a winch to connect the holder - handles with TVL, tel The escopic rail additionally contains a horizontal position lock and telescopic supports, while the control buttons of the handle holder are made with the possibility of transmitting signals to the on-board computer, and the skis and / or monoski have the possibility of docking and undocking from the TVL by means of the ski and / or monoski fixing mechanism.

In another embodiment, the TVL has three identical mechanisms for fixing, lifting, lowering and limited rotation of skis (hereinafter referred to as MFPOOVL), containing stepping or accelerated electric servomotors, or a pneumatic drive, a support platform for attaching to the TVL body, a fist body and a fist in it , made with the possibility of limited rotation, an electromagnet for connecting to the boot, a stabilization-centering spring that helps the skier to keep the skis in the middle position, a pressure pad and a stop for a ski boot.

In another embodiment, the TVL has skis and / or monoski, in which the body is made of plastic, and the head of the skis is made with the application of rubber elastic materials.

In another embodiment, the TVL has skis and / or monoski, in which the ridge guides are folding, by supplying voltage from the TVL to a solenoid valve located at the rear of the skis.

In another embodiment, the TVL has skis and / or monoski, with a guide comb integrated in the ski body.

In another embodiment, the TVL has smooth water skis and / or monoski.

In another embodiment, the TVL has boots, an attachment for a boot with a ski, and the boot is equipped with a protective leg plate with a guide for docking and a metal plate located in the upper nose of the boot for connection with the MFPOOVL electromagnet, an electromagnet built into the sole of the boot and electromagnetic boot fasteners , and a metal plate with a guide for attaching the boot to the ski is built into the ski-to-boot mount.

In another embodiment, the TVL has control buttons built into the handle holder and giving a command to the computer through a soft coupling with a cable built into it, or remotely via radio control, and the control buttons are a TVL lock button, a handle holder fixing button with a telescopic guide, in parallel, including telescopic supports, a joystick for winding and unwinding a soft hitch with a winch, buttons for controlling the speed of the traction motors, and a button for fixing the speed of the engines.

In another embodiment, the TVL has a handle-holder containing an electromagnetic latch that rigidly connects the telescopic guide to the handle-holder in the mode of docking with the TVL.

In another embodiment, the TVL has a dashboard where a display for determining the speed is located, sensor operation devices that determine the operation of the TVL equipment and navigation equipment made with the possibility of laying and executing a route in unmanned control mode, and control buttons located in the TVL housing, representing a main button for supplying voltage from batteries, a three-way toggle switch, a button for fastening boots, a button for attaching boots to skis, a button for adjusting the water ballast, a button for lifting the scallop of skis and shutdown buttons: water ballast, raising a scallop, attaching boots to a ski, buttons for fastening boots ...

In another embodiment, the TVL has a telescopic guide with the ability to move apart and change the angle of inclination at the moment of distance of the skier, connect to the handle-holder by using an electromagnet, pass a soft hitch through itself and have a rigid support point closer to the rear of the TVL housing to prevent imbalance in handling ...

In another embodiment of the TVL in the telescopic guide, a tapered rubber tail is used on both sides with sliding rings inserted inside, and from above the tail is compressed by a cone-shaped spring having a reduction in diameter, and the metal bar of the spring to narrow the cone also has a decrease in diameter, while inside the tail there is a soft hitch with built-in cable.

In another embodiment, the TVL has a winch, with the help of which the skier is distanced to the required distance, containing a soft hitch, into which an electrical or optical cable is integrated for transmitting control signals from the buttons of the handle holder to the TVL on-board computer.

In another embodiment, the TVL is equipped with a skier's belt made of elastic rubber-like materials with magnetic fasteners and having a built-in radio signal transmitter for detecting a skier in case of an emergency situation, while the belt also contains a cable built in the back with an outlet and a plug for supplying voltage to the electromagnet of the skier's boot , boot fasteners electromagnet and ski scallop solenoid valve.

In another embodiment, the TVL has a housing with approximate overall dimensions in the following ranges: length 2100 ± 700 mm, width 1200 ± 400 mm, height 800 ± 400 mm, approximate weight in the range from 180 to 360 kg.

In another embodiment, the TVL has a body made of fiberglass with internal reinforced partitions and arched-type stiffeners, while the distance between the lower arched part of the TVL and the water surface, taking into account the displacement of the TVL, allows skis to pass under the arched part of the TVL body.

In another embodiment, an air compressor is used on the TVL, and the ski lifting and lowering mechanism is pneumatic.

In another embodiment, the TVL uses pneumatic dampers to protect the ski lifting and lowering mechanism located in the pockets on the TVL bottom to prevent the ski head from getting into the pocket.

In another embodiment, a water jet splitter-converter is used on the TVL, which cuts the water jet emanating from the jet turbines to form a wave shaft.

In another embodiment, the TVL has water-jet turbines, which can change the angle of inclination horizontally and vertically.

In another embodiment, the TVL includes a skier seat.

In another embodiment, the TVL contains two or more seats, one of which is located in the center.

In another embodiment of the TVL, in case of an emergency situation, a radio-controlled automatic skier search system is provided, controlled by a computer, which is triggered after the skier drops the TVL lock button located on the grip and searches for the skier using the signals from the sensor built into the skier's belt.

FIG. 1 - General view of TVL in the mode of docking with a skier on skis;

FIG. 2 - general view of TVL in the mode of docking with a skier on a monoski;

FIG. 3 - general view of TVL in the mode of remote control of a skier on skis;

FIG. 4 - general view of TVL in the mode of remote control of a skier on a monoski;

FIG. 4 А - general view of TVL in the skier's rest mode;

FIG. 5 - bottom view of the TVL in the mode of docking with a monoski;

FIG. 5 А - view of the TVL from below in the monoski control mode;

FIG. 6 - view of the TVL from below in the mode of docking with skis;

FIG. 6 А - bottom view of TVL in ski control mode;

FIG. 7 - rear view of the TVL in the mode of adjusting the height of the ski location relative to the TVL, depending on the weight of the skier, heavy skier;

FIG. 8 is a rear view of the TVL in the mode of adjusting the height of the ski location relative to the TVL, depending on the weight of the skier, light skier;

FIG. 9 - general view and overall dimensions of TVL;

FIG. 10 - general view, arrangement of structural elements and attachments of TVL with electromagnetic devices;

FIG. 11 - telescopic guide with a handle-holder;

FIG. 12 - handle-holder with control buttons;

FIG. 13 - three identical mechanisms for fixing, lifting, lowering and limited rotation of skis, for each ski individually, in which the lifting and lowering of the skis is carried out by means of a stepping motor.

FIG. 13 A - three identical mechanisms for fixing, lifting, lowering and limited rotation of skis, lifting and lowering is carried out by means of pneumatics;

FIG. 14 - skis with a retractable scallop, with a boot, with an electromagnetic mechanism for fixing the ski with a boot, with a solenoid valve for the scallop;

FIG. 15 - general view of skis with a boot, with a retractable comb;

FIG. 16 - skis and monoski with built-in comb;

FIG. 16 A - smooth skis and monoski;

FIG. 17 - instrument panel, display, navigator, control buttons in the TVL case.

FIG. 18 - water jet splitter.

FIG. 19 - skier's belt.

FIG. 20 is a bottom view of TVL without skis.

Water ski tractor (hereinafter - TVL) Fig. 10 contains a body (1) made of fiberglass, made in the lower part of the arched type and with internal reinforced partitions and stiffening ribs (6), forming compartments (2) throughout the body. The lower outer arched part is made with ski guiding grooves (Fig. 20A) (4), which additionally impart rigidity to the body. At the same time, the dimensions of the TVL body are chosen in such a way that they correspond to the physical ability of the skier to control and maneuver the TVL with the help of skis. The TVL is controlled by the skier, who sets the direction of movement with the help of skis, in which the scallop guides are built-in (Fig. 15) (1) (2) (3) (4), and with the help of the mechanism for fixing, lifting, lowering and limited rotation of the skis ( further MFPOOVL) (Fig. 13), having a fist (2), a body (1) and springs (4), limiting the rotation of skis and carrying out their centering, at the moment when the skis are docked with TVL (Fig. 1). The approximate overall dimensions of TVL (Fig. 9) can be as follows: length 2100 ± 700 mm, width 1200 ± 400 mm, height 800 ± 400 mm. The approximate weight ranges from 180 kg to 360 kg. The overall dimensions and weight of TVLs can be made in any size, depending on the capabilities of modern equipment, tooling and process automation, as well as the desires and capabilities of a person. The TVL body (Fig. 10) (1) has design features that characterize the location of the center of gravity in the area as close as possible to the skier's attachment (Fig. 1). Thus, it is easier to adjust the center of gravity by moving the batteries (Fig. 10) (5) in the battery compartments (2) to increase maneuverability and improve TVL controllability and safety.

A water ski tractor (TVL) also contains storage compartments with rechargeable batteries (5), supplying electricity to all units and assemblies of TVL. TVL has a power plant, which consists of two power electric motors (9) and two water-jet turbines (10), an on-board computer (21) made with the ability to control electric motors (9), three identical MFPOOVL (13, 14, 15) containing stepper or accelerated electric servomotors (Fig. 13) (10). At the same time, two of the MFSVL, which relate to pair skis (Fig. 10) (11), work in parallel. One of the monoski IPGS (12) operates separately from the previous IPPSES. At the same time, the mentioned MFPOOVL cannot be turned on at the same time, and a three-stage toggle switch (Fig. 17) and power buttons on the TVL housing are provided for their activation. MFPOOVL are connected with batteries (Fig. 10) (5), a winch (22), a handle-holder (16) with a telescopic guide (19) and a lock for the horizontal position of the telescopic guide (8). The fastening of the storage batteries in the compartments is carried out in such a way as to change the position of the storage batteries (5), as well as their number. TVL has the possibility of docking and undocking with skis through the skier's boot and with the help of MFPOVL skis (13 and 15, 14). The TVL drive is carried out from storage batteries (5), which are connected with the on-board computer (21) and with two power electric motors (9), which transmit torque to two water-jet turbines (10). Instead of electric motors, internal combustion engines can be used, or TVL can have a hybrid drive.

The telescopic guide (Fig. 11) is installed on the TVL body and is made with the ability to pass the soft coupling (7) wound on the winch (Fig. 10) (22) and has the length necessary for use to connect with the handle-holder (Fig. 12 ) and then distancing the skier. At the same time, an electric cable is integrated into the soft coupling (Fig. 11) (7), which connects the control buttons with the on-board computer (Fig. 10) (21), which in turn is connected to the power motors (9), the winch (22) and IFESEL (13, 14, 15). The telescopic guide (19) is able to move apart when the skier is distanced, and the TVL body closer to the rear has a fulcrum for a soft hitch in the release to prevent imbalance in the TVL controllability (Fig. 3, Fig. 4).

The telescopic guide has an external telescopic guide (Fig. 11) (1) with an external shoulder (2) for the coupling (9), a duralumin coupling made of split and bolted, with a socket for a square (14) for connection with a docking the square of the handle-holder (Fig. 12) (11). The connecting sleeve has a steel washer fixed therein (Fig. 11) (10) for magnetizing the handle-holder (Fig. 12). At the junction of the connecting sleeve with the handle-holder, the telescopic guide at its end has a pincer-like appearance (Fig. 11) (9) for grasping the outer telescopic guide by the shoulders (2). The retractable telescopic guide is made of a duralumin profile pipe of a smaller section (3) with shoulders for abutting (4) against the inner shoulder of the outer telescopic guide (2 A). The telescopic slide (3) is extended by means of a spring (8). Inside the telescopic rail there is a soft hitch cover (6) for passing the soft hitch (7) through it. At the end of the retractable telescopic guide there is a tapered tail (5) made of elastic rubber (5 A) with rings (5 B) inserted into it, made of caproloptan hoop-like for better sliding of the soft coupling. A spring (5 V) is put on the tail. The spring is designed in such a way that its bar and diameter are gradually reduced to diameter. The tail on the extended side is made with a ferrule (5 G), which has a thread (5 D) for attachment to the inner telescopic guide. The ponytail device with a spring allows you to bend not at the base of the telescopic guide, but at the end of the rubber tail where it is thinner, then evenly up to an angle of 90 degrees. The rubber shank prevents kinks in the soft hitch and its integrated cable.

The opposite side of the outer telescopic guide is made with a transition to the cylindrical part (23), and the cylindrical part goes into the spherical part (20) and is connected through the hinge (25) with the outer spherical part (18), which is fixed on the flange glass (13) by welding ... A sliding spacer (19) made of caproloptan is installed between the spherical parts (18, 20). At the end of the cylindrical part of the telescopic guide, a second tail (5 F) is fixed, which has the same dimensions and purpose as the first tail. The flange (Fig. 11) (16) is attached to the flange on the TVL body under the cover (27) using bolts (15). A supporting chair (26) is installed on the flange (16), and a limit stop (24) is mounted on the cylindrical part (23) to limit the angle of inclination of the telescopic guide. In the transitional part of the outer telescopic guide, a cylindrical neck (22) is provided for a protective cover (21), the second end of which is put on the neck (27). On the coupling (9) there is a groove (11) for the seat (12) (for clarification of Fig. 11 A) of the telescopic supports (17).

The telescopic rail also has telescopic supports (17) to maintain the telescopic rail at the required height relative to the TVL, a protective cover (28) for telescopic supports, a protective cover for the telescopic rail (21), which protects the telescopic rail mechanisms from water ingress. This TVL uses folding screw telescopic supports (17) driven by an electric motor.

The lifting of the telescopic supports (Fig. 11) (17) is carried out by pressing the button of the holder-handle with a telescopic guide (Fig. 12) (6) and occurs in a stepwise interval. First, the telescopic guide is unlocked (Fig. 10) (8), then the telescopic supports (Fig. 11) (17) are extended, the telescopic guide is lifted from the horizontal position (Fig. 11), the handle holder is fixed (Fig. 12) with the telescopic rail (Fig. 11) and the retractable telescopic rail (3) fits into the outer telescopic rail (1).

The handle-holder (Fig. 12) is connected to the TVL through a telescopic guide (Fig. 11) using a soft coupling (7) and has control buttons, which are: a TVL lock button, a button for fixing the handle-holder with a telescopic guide, a joystick, button (17) for controlling the electromagnet for fixing skis to the TVL, two buttons (18) for controlling the speed of the electric motors and the button for fixing the speed of the engines. The TVL lock button (Fig. 12) (1) locks the TVL and must be pressed with the palm of the skier's left hand before starting to move on the TVL. When the hand is released from the TVL lock button in the interval from 7 to 20 seconds, the TVL is locked. The button for fixing the grip with a telescopic rail (6) is used only at the moment of docking and undocking of the skier from the TVL. The joystick (2) of winding and unwinding of the winch controls the winch (Fig. 10) (22) and is used after disconnecting the TVL to distance and return the skier to the TVL. The joystick has a triple function (Fig. 12) (2): when the joystick is pressed to the left, the distance occurs, and to the right, it returns to TVL. The same joystick (2) controls the jet splitter and the wave shaft converter (Fig. 18A, 18B, 18 C, 18D). When the joystick is pressed down, the spring in the divider mesh (3) (Fig. 18B) is compressed and the water jet is cut, and when the joystick is pressed all the way down (Fig. 12) (2), the spring (Fig. 18B) (3) completely compressed into the funnel and the pressure increases, transforming the water jet. The result is an enlarged wave shaft used by the skier to perform tricks. The button for controlling the electromagnet for fixing the skis to the TVL (Fig. 12) (3) is used at the moment of docking and undocking of the skier from the TVL. The buttons for controlling the revolutions of the electric motors (4) and (4 A) are used when dialing and resetting the revolutions of the engines when driving: in the forward direction by the same, uniform pressing of the buttons, and when maneuvering to the right or left by alternately pressing one of the buttons. The engine speed fixing button (5) is used with stable movement and direction in order not to keep the engine speed control buttons (4) and (4 A) constantly pressed.

The soft hitch (Fig. 12) (7) pulls the handle-holder (Fig. 12) by means of the winch (Fig. 10) (22), connecting the docking square (Fig. 12) (11) of the handle-holder with the docking square socket (Fig. . 11) (14) through the steel disc for the electromagnet (10). When electric voltage is applied to the electromagnet (Fig. 12) (12), the grip-handle is rigidly fixed with a telescopic guide.

In the center of the triangular body of the handle-holder (Fig. 12) there is a plug socket (9) for connecting the supply cable (Fig. 19) (7) with the connecting plugs (2), (5) and with the skier's belt (1). The skier's belt (Fig. 19) is made of elastic rubber-like materials with magnetic fasteners (3) and has a built-in radio signal transmitter (4) in case of an emergency situation, and also has a rear socket for a plug (6) with a built-in cable for connecting and supplying voltage through skier boot (Fig. 14) (9) into the skier boot electromagnet (5), into the boot fastener electromagnet (13) and to the comb-type ski solenoid valve (7).

TVL has a dashboard (Fig. 17), on which there is a display (8) for determining the speed, instrument control sensors and navigation equipment made with the possibility of laying and executing a route in the TVL unmanned control mode, and pre-start control buttons. The pre-start control buttons include: the main button for supplying voltage from the batteries (1), a three-way toggle switch, switching modes of operation - to the up position (2) for paired skis, and for the monoski to the down position (3), the button for activating the boot fastening with electric buttons (4 ), the button for attaching boots to the skis (5), the button for turning on the water ballast adjustment (6), the button for lifting the ski scallop (7), the button for turning off the water ballast (6 A), the button for turning off the lifting of the scallop (7 A), the shutdown button fastening boots to the ski (5 A), the release button for the fastening of the boots (4 A).

TVL can be controlled in two ways.

The first method includes remote control via a radio transmitter (Fig. 12) (14) built into the grip, which transmits signals from the grip control buttons to a radio transmitter installed on the TVL and connected to the on-board computer (Fig. 10) ( 21). The second method involves control by transmitting signals from the control buttons of the handle grip via a cable embedded in the soft hitch. When using the first and second TVL control methods, when the emergency button is released (it is also the TVL lock button (Fig. 12)), an automatic search system is triggered. The on-board computer records the release of the TVL lock button and gives a signal to turn off the control buttons for the boot-to-ski electromagnet (Fig. 17) (5) and a signal to turn off the boot button closure electromagnet (4) and the ski comb lifting electromagnet (7). Further, in a time interval after 7-20 seconds, a radio-controlled automatic skier search system is turned on. The automatic search system for the skier includes autonomous control of the TVL to bring the TVL closer to the skier, responding in response to a radio signal emanating from the sensor built into the skier's belt. FIG. 19 (4).

The mechanism for fixing, lifting, lowering and limited rotation of skis is made with an electromagnet (Fig. 13) (3) and serves for docking and undocking the skier from the TVL (Fig. 1, 3, 13) (16) (17), adjusting the lifting and lowering skier with skis relative to the lower arched part of the TVL body (Fig. 7, Fig. 8), depending on the weight of the skier at the moment when the skis are docked with the TVL. For example, with a conditionally low weight of a skier (about 40 kg), the skis descend as much as possible downward, by about 240 ± 20 mm relative to the lower arched part of the TVL body (Fig. 8), because the immersion of the TVL in water with a low weight will be minimal. With the conditional maximum weight of a skier (about 100 kg), the skis rise as much as possible, by about 140 ± 20 mm relative to the lower arched part of the TVL body (Fig. 7), because the TVL will be maximally immersed in the water. If you do not use the adjustment of lifting and lowering the skis, then the light skier will not touch the water with the skis, and the heavy skier will be excessively submerged in the water, and will not be able to control the skis, and normally distance from the TVL.

The primary information about the level of TVL immersion in the water is provided by two separate vertical and two horizontal level gauges when a skier with skis is attached to the TVL. Further, the button for controlling the electromagnet for fixing the skis to the TVL (Fig. 12) (3) is turned on on the handle-holder and a signal is given to the regulator for lifting and lowering the skis (Fig. 10) (24). The regulator, interacting with the computer, gives a command to the MFPOOVL to raise or lower the ski. At the same time, the sensors are built into separate chambers in two rear ballast tanks (Fig. 10) (3), and separate chambers communicate with the seawater through the vessels and openings in the TVL bottom (Fig. 20) (2).

MFPOOVL carries out its work on a computer command in automatic mode in a step-by-step time interval and in the following order. After turning on the ski fixing electromagnet button (Fig. 12) (3), the flaps open (Fig. 20) (A) (B), the MFPOOVL lowers to the minimum sufficient level to fix the ski boot with TVL, through the steel plate built into its nose (15), the skier alternately sets the skis to the socket of the electromagnet and magnetizes the steel plate of the boot with the socket of the steel plate of the electromagnet. Level sensors are triggered and transmit information about the weight of the skier to the computer. The computer (Fig. 10) (21), interacting with the regulator of lifting and lowering the skis (24), transmits a command to raise or lower the skis depending on the weight of the skier (Fig. 7, Fig. 8). When you turn off the button of the electromagnet fixing the skis with the TVL body (Fig. 12) (3), demagnetization occurs and the skier removes the boots with skis from the nest of the steel plate of the electromagnet (Fig. 13) (13), after which, in an interval of 5-10 seconds, an ascent occurs MFPOOVL and the shutters are closed (Fig. 20) (A) to prevent the tip of the skis from rubbing against the MFPOOVL.

In addition, to stabilize the center of gravity of the TVL and adjust the partial immersion of the skis with the skier into the water to a predetermined level, the ballast system is used. The ballast system is regulated by seawater by distributing it in four ballast tanks (Fig. 10) (3) and their compartments around the TVL perimeter, and, if necessary, water intake and discharge is carried out through the holes in the TVL housing (Fig. 20A) (2). Water is pumped by pumps (4) through communicating vessels, and the water level is adjusted using control, bypass, cut-off and dump valves (4) based on signals from horizontal and vertical level gauges built in by separate chambers in ballast tanks (3). The adjustment of partial immersion is performed by the computer automatically, at the moment when the skier in the pre-start position turns on the ballast adjustment system by pressing the stationary TVL button (Fig. 17) (6). Jointly interacting with the MFPOOVL and the water ballast control system, they precisely adjust the center of gravity of the TVL (for different weight categories of the skier) and carry out the specified immersion of the skis with the skier in the water for normal skiing. The ballast adjustment system allows you to smooth out all vibrations by timely adjusting the center of gravity, since when the skier is distanced from the TVL due to the tension of the soft hitch, the position of the center of gravity differs from the position of the center of gravity when the skier returns to the TVL, or from the position of the center of gravity at which the skier sits on sitting in a leisure-walk mode (Fig. 4 A).

The MFPOVL (Fig. 13) is also configured to restrict the rotation, swing and siding of the skis, and is configured to support and center the skis to increase the safety of handling when the skier is docked with the TVL and is in motion. MFPOOVL (Fig. 13) contains a fist body with a rotation limiter (1), a fist (2), an electromagnet for attaching a boot with a ski (3), a stabilization-centering spring (4), made conically so that the spring rods when attaching the lower platform with the body of the fist entered into each other, the spring retainer of the lower hole (5), the spring retainer of the upper hole (5 A), the pressure pad (6), the guide slots (7), the fastening bolts (8), the guide support shoulders (9) for steel plate of a ski boot nose (Fig. 14) (15), a socket of a steel plate of a ski boot nose (Fig. 13) (13), a worm gear (14), a stepping motor (10), a support platform for attaching to the TVL body (11 ), a water shield (12) and protective spacers (15). Fixation of skis with TVL occurs by connecting a metal plate (Fig. 14) (15) located in the upper nose of a ski boot mounted on the ski with the socket of the steel plate of the electromagnet of the ski fixing mechanism (Fig. 13) (3), (Fig. 10) (13) (14) (15).

On TVL can be used pneumatic mechanisms for raising and lowering skis (Fig. 13 A), replacing stepper motors (Fig. 13) (10) and worm pairs (14). At the same time, the locking mechanism for the limited rotation of the skis remains the same. Fastening of the pneumatic mechanism to the MFPOOVL body is carried out by means of a platform (4), which has splines and a shaft (5). The pneumatic ski lifting and lowering mechanism is cylindrical (Fig. 13 A) and is controlled by the ski lifting and lowering regulator (Fig. 10) (24), (Fig. 13 A) (3). The pneumatic mechanism contains diaphragms, control valves, bypass valves, cut-off valves, relief valves, communicating air lines (2), power supply (8) and automation cable (9). The primary command is set by the same control buttons built into the handle-holder (Fig. 12) via a computer (Fig. 10) (21). Level gauges, built in by separate cameras in the ballast tanks, give the computer the level of TVL immersion in the water, depending on the weight of the skier. The computer transmits information to the adjusting device (Fig. 13A) (3), the adjusting device creates a predetermined pressure in the working cylinder (1), and the ski with the skier is immersed to the required water level. The pneumatic mechanism for lifting and lowering the skier interacts through a computer (Fig. 10) (20) and a load adjusting device (24 A) with the TVL ballast system.

The skis are made of plastic, and the ski head is made with rubber-like elastic materials applied to avoid hard contact with the TVL body.

Skis and monoski (Fig. 14) contain a ski body (1), a ski head (2), a boot guide for attaching the boot to the ski (3), a retractable comb (6), comb guides (18), a hinge (17) and an electromagnetic scallop valve (7). Each ski (Fig. 15) (1), (2) has one scallop solenoid valve (6), (7), and the monoski (3), (4) has two scallop solenoid valves (8) (9) ... The monoski has the same boot attachment as paired skis. At the same time, in a monoski, one boot is attached along the monoski, and the second - at an angle, relative to the first (5).

Skis (Fig. 15) (1), (2) and monoski (3), (4) are equipped with retractable combs (Fig. 14) (6), allowing to control and maneuver TVL in the mode of docking of a skier with TVL. The scallop guides (18) are installed in the ski body, keep the retractable comb (6) from vibrations and close the hole (6A) in the retractable comb when the retractable comb is in the lowered state. A hole (6A) is made in the comb to prevent the comb from resting on the sole of the shoe when the retractable comb is in the folded state.

The boot device (Fig. 14) (12) has a design feature that is a boot nose with a certain stiffness that allows the boot to withstand loads when it is suspended. In the upper bow part there is a built-in steel plate (15), which is intended to be connected to the electromagnet of the ski fixing mechanism (Fig. 13). The monoski (Fig. 10) (14) is connected to the TVL by magnetizing the boot with the ski to the ski fixing electromagnet in the middle of the TVL body, and paired skis by magnetizing to the ski fixing electromagnets (14) (15) in the extreme parts of the TVL body. The boots also have a protective leg plate with a docking guide (Fig. 14) (14), which serves to protect the legs and guide the boot to docking with the electromagnet in the TVL housing. At the same time, special recesses are made in the TVL housing for guiding the boot during docking (Fig. 9) (1) and represent a reference point for the skier doing the docking with the TVL housing.

The fastening of boots to skis and boots have the following design. The boot (Fig. 14) is powered by a cable from the skier's belt (Fig. 19) (6) through a detachable plug (Fig. 14) (9) and a supply electromagnet (5) built into the boot sole. A steel plate (4) is fixed in the guide for attaching boots to the ski (3). When voltage is applied to the electromagnet (5), the steel plate (4) is connected to the boot electromagnet (5), fixing the boot with the ski. The fastening of the boots is carried out by turning on the button (Fig. 17) (4) located on the TVL housing, after which power is supplied via a cable through the electric voltage coil to the electromagnetic fasteners of the boots (13), designed for a force sufficient for operation with skis.

The electromagnet for fastening the boots to the ski, the electromagnetic fasteners of the boots and the solenoid valve of the scallop are connected by means of a cable to the TVL body (Fig. 17) (4) (5) (7) and operate under computer control (Fig. 10 (21) through a load intermediate adjusting device (24 A). The electromagnet for attaching the boots to the ski, the electromagnetic fasteners of the boots and the solenoid valve of the scallop are connected with the TVL lock button (Fig. 12) (1), this allows at the moment of an emergency situation, when the TVL lock button is released, to de-energize and turn off the solenoid valve of the scallop, the solenoid for securing the boots to the ski and the electromagnetic fasteners of the boots, by disconnecting them, the skier easily frees the feet from the boots.Plugs for attaching the electricity cable to the boots (9), the electromagnet of the comb (7) and the belt (Fig. 19) (2) ( 5) (6) of the skier are designed for a force that allows, when the skier falls, first of all to disconnect the plug in the front of the skier's belt (5), and the cables and their connections are made with a margin of safety, allowing you to keep the skis and boots fixed to the skier.

TVL can be made in the version with skis (Fig. 16) (1) and monoski (2), which are equipped with a built-in and non-movable comb. Skis with a built-in and non-movable scallop differ from skis with a retractable scallop in that skis do not have solenoid valves for raising and lowering the scallop and their equipment. Another difference between skis with a built-in and non-movable comb is more difficult maneuvering when distance the skier from the TVL on a soft hitch.

TVL can also be made in the version with skis (Fig. 16A) (1) and monoski (2), which have a smooth coating. These skis differ from skis with a scallop in that they do not have solenoid valves for raising and lowering the scallop and their equipment. Another difference between skis with a smooth surface is more difficult maneuvering when driving TVL.

TVL in its design contains a splitter-converter of the water jet (Fig. 18), which is attached at the outlet of the jet from the jet pipe and consists of a mesh casing (1) connecting the support hoop (8) on one side. On the other side of the mesh casing, a flange (7) is fixed, on which the inner basket (2) and the outer basket with guide rods in the flange (4) rest. On the opposite side of the outer basket there is a flange with a neck (5) with a cruciform suspension (6) for attaching the regulator cable (9). Between the two baskets there is a cone-shaped spring of the divider (3), which abuts on one side against the flange (7), and on the other side against the end of the flange with a neck (5). The regulator cable (9) is connected to the cross-shaped suspension of the cable (6) of the flange with a neck (5). In the case when the cable is not tensioned by the cable regulator (Fig. 18A), the effect of the splitter will be insignificant. When the cable is tensioned with the cable regulator (Fig. 10) (23) to the middle compression position (Fig. 18 B) of the splitter spring, the effect of cutting the water jet will be observed with the absence of a wave shaft, but with a loss of TVL power, which will need to be compensated by the engine speed. When the cable is pulled to the position of full compression of the divider spring (Fig. 18 B), converting the spring into a funnel, the jet stream at high pressure will increase the wave shaft, which allows an experienced skier to perform complex tricks. Compression of the splitter spring (Fig. 18) (3) adjusts the jet jet regulator (Fig. 10) (23) receiving commands from the computer (21), which receives a signal from the joystick (Fig. 12) (2).

A water ski tractor works as follows.

Before starting the movement on the TVL, which has electromagnetic devices, the equipment is laid out, the TVL is lowered into the water of sufficient depth, the skier's belt is put on (Fig. 19), the electric cables of the boots, skis (Fig. 14) (11) and the comb valve electromagnet (10) are connected. ), with the skier's belt (Fig. 19) (6), and connect the cable of the grip to the belt (7). On the TVL body in the instrument panel, the TVL on button is turned on (Fig. 17) (1), then the mode is switched depending on the choice of the type of skis, ski boots are put on, the boot fasteners are directed, the boot fastener button (4) is turned on. Lay the skis under the TVL arch, put the boots in the boot guides in skis (Fig. 14) (3) on the metal plate (4), turn on the button for attaching the boots to the ski (Fig. 17) (5) on the instrument panel, making magnetization.

TVL control is carried out by means of a handle-holder (Fig. 12). With the palm of your right hand, press the TVL lock button (1), which works according to the reverse principle, when pressed, the TVL control is unlocked, and when released, it is locked. The electromagnet button for fixing the skis with the TVL body (3) is turned on and ski boots are alternately connected with electromagnets. Further, based on the level of TVL immersion in water, level gauges are triggered, transmitting information about the weight of the skier to the computer. The computer, in turn, transmits information to the controller for lifting and lowering skis (Fig. 10) (24), which sends a signal by a stepper or electric servo motor (Fig. 13) (10) to lower the skis (Fig. 10) (13) (15) in water. Finally, press the button for turning on the ballast system on the instrument panel of the TVL housing (Fig. 17), which regulates the center of gravity of the TVL.

Preparing for the start, turn on the engine speed by smoothly pressing the button (Fig. 12) and, depending on the direction of movement, adjust the engine speed. Having gained a constant speed, they maneuver the TVL, controlling their legs and figure with the help of skis. On a given route, the engine speed is fixed with a button (Fig. 12) (5). When a speed of about 30 - 35 km / h is reached, they distance themselves from the TVL by first pressing the scallop lifting button (Fig. 19) (7) on the TVL housing in the instrument panel. Leaning on the grip, push the skis forward and simultaneously press the button on the grip (Fig. 12) (3) of the electromagnet for fixing the skis with the TVL body, as a result of which demagnetization occurs. Next, skis with boots are removed from the nest of the steel plate (Fig. 13) (13), and the mechanism for raising and lowering the skis rises and closes with flaps (Fig. 20) (A).

On the grip, the button for fixing the grip with a telescopic guide (Fig. 12) (6) is pressed, which leads to folding of the telescopic supports (Fig. 11) (17), lowering the telescopic guide (Fig. 1, Fig. 3) to a given inclination and fixation (Fig. 10 (8), Fig. 11 (B)), and demagnetization of the handle holder with a telescopic guide.

The finger of the hand is used to control the joystick of the grip (2), moving it towards the left to extend the inner telescopic guide (Fig. 11B) and slowly distance itself from the TVL. In this position, the joystick is smoothly pressed downward along the axis (Fig. 12) (2) to the middle of the operating position at which the water-jet turbines contribute to the formation of a relatively calm surface on the water behind the TVL. Continue to move the joystick to the left to continue further distancing the skier from the TVL. Depending on the need for the water surface, raise the joystick up to generate a wave from the turbines. If it is necessary to perform tricks, the engine speed is added, and the joystick is pressed vertically to the position all the way down, in which the jet splitter is triggered (Fig. 18 B) and a wave shaft is formed.

When returning to TVL, the joystick is pressed with a finger (Fig. 12) (2) to the position of the middle part of the relative working stroke, in which a comparative water surface is formed, and with the same finger, the joystick is turned to the right to approach the TVL. They approach the TVL and put the skis under the arched part of the TVL hull. The button of the electromagnet fixing the handle holder with a telescopic guide (Fig. 12) (6) is switched on, while pressing it, the telescopic guides are simultaneously turned on in a step-by-step interval, the telescopic guide is unlocked (Fig. 10) (8), the telescopic supports are extended (Fig. 11 ) (17), the telescopic guide rises from the horizontal position (Fig. 11), the handle holder (Fig. 12) is fixed with the telescopic guide, and the retractable telescopic guide (3) enters the outer telescopic guide (1). Press the button to fix the ski electromagnet with the TVL body (3) and at the same time open the flaps (Fig. 20B), the mechanism for lifting and lowering the skis is lowered (Fig. 13, Fig. 13A, Fig. 10) (13) (15). Focusing on the grooves in the TVL housing for guiding the boots (Fig. 9) (1), insert the steel plate of the boots (Fig. 14) (15) into the socket of the steel plate. The boots with a ski are magnetized to the MFPOOVL electromagnet. Press the button for lowering the comb (Fig. 17) (7) to maneuver the TVL using skis. Turn off the button for fixing the engine speed (Fig. 12) (5) to change the engine speed in manual mode, using the engine speed buttons (4, 4A).

In the rest mode, the skier can use the seat by fixing it on the TVL body.

The control of a monoski with a retractable comb is carried out in the same way as for paired skis, except that before starting on the TVL body in the instrument panel, the “monoski” mode is selected with the button. The control of skis with a scallop built into the body is similar to the control of skis with a retractable scallop, except that when using them, the button in the TVL instrument panel for raising and lowering the scallop is not used. The control of the monoski with built-in comb is similar to the control of the monoski with a retractable scallop. Controlling a smooth water ski is similar to skiing with a built-in scallop, except that the scallop up / down button is not activated in the instrument panel. The control of the smooth surface monoski is similar to the control of a monoski with an integrated comb.

Claims (23)

1. A water ski tractor (TVL), containing a body, a power plant, battery compartments, a handle-holder containing control buttons in it and connected to the TVL by means of a soft hitch, characterized in that the TVL body has the ability to adjust the center of gravity by moving the batteries in battery compartments and / or with the help of a ballast system, and the TVL power plant contains electric motors and water-jet turbines, and the TVL additionally contains skis and / or monoski, a winch and an on-board computer capable of controlling the TVL, the TVL also contains a telescopic guide that extends when distance of the skier, having a hard point of support closer to the rear of the TVL body to prevent imbalance in handling and made with the ability to pass a soft hitch wound on the winch to connect the handle holder with the TVL, the telescopic guide additionally contains a horizontal position lock and telescopic supports, while the control buttons of the handle holder are made with the possibility of transmitting signals to the on-board computer, and the skis and / or monoski are capable of docking and undocking from the TVL by means of the ski and / or monoski fixing mechanism. 2. A water ski tractor according to claim 1, characterized in that it has three identical mechanisms for fixing, lifting, lowering and limited rotation of skis (MFPOOVL), containing stepping or accelerated electric servomotors or a pneumatic drive, a support platform for attachment to the TVL body, a fist body and a fist in it, made with the possibility of limited rotation, an electromagnet for connecting to the boot, a stabilization-centering spring that helps the skier to keep the skis in the middle position, a pressure pad and a support for the ski boot. 3. A water ski tractor according to claim 1, characterized in that it has skis and / or monoski, in which the body is made of plastic, and the head of the skis is made with the application of rubber elastic materials. 4. A water ski tractor according to claim 3, characterized in that it has skis and / or monoski, in which the ridge guides are made folding by supplying voltage from the TVL to the solenoid valve located at the rear of the skis. 5. A water ski tractor according to claim 3, characterized in that it has skis and / or a monoski with a guide comb built into the ski body. 6. A water ski tractor according to claim 3, characterized in that it has smooth water skis and / or monoski. 7. A water ski tractor according to claim 1, characterized in that it has boots, an attachment for a boot with a ski, and the boot is equipped with a protective leg plate with a guide for docking and a metal plate located in the upper nose of the boot for connection with an electromagnet MFPOOVL, an electromagnet built into the sole of the boot and electromagnetic fasteners of the boot, and a metal plate with a guide for attaching the boot to the ski is built into the ski-to-boot fastening. 8. Water ski tractor according to claim 1, characterized in that it has control buttons built into the grip and giving a command to the computer through a soft coupling with a cable built into it or remotely via radio control, and the control buttons are a TVL lock button, a button fixing the handle holder with a telescopic guide, which in parallel includes telescopic supports, a joystick for winding and unwinding a soft hitch with a winch, buttons for controlling the speed of the traction motors and a button for fixing the speed of the engines. 9. A water ski tractor according to claim 8, characterized in that it has a handle-holder containing an electromagnetic lock rigidly connecting the telescopic guide to the handle-holder in the mode of docking with TVL. 10. A water ski tractor according to claim 1, characterized in that it has a dashboard where a display for determining the speed is located, sensor operation devices that determine the operation of TVL equipment and navigation equipment made with the possibility of laying and executing a route in unmanned control mode, and control buttons located in the TVL housing, which are the main button for supplying voltage from batteries, a three-way toggle switch, a button for fastening boots, a button for attaching boots to skis, a button for adjusting the water ballast, a button for lifting the ski comb and buttons for switching off: water ballast, raising the scallop, fastening boots to the ski, boot fastening buttons. 11. A water ski tractor according to claim 1, characterized in that it has a telescopic guide with the ability to move apart and change the angle of inclination at the time of distance of the skier, connect to the handle-holder by using an electromagnet, pass a soft hitch through itself and have a hard point of support closer to rear of the TVL housing to prevent imbalance in handling. 12. A water ski tractor according to claim 11, characterized in that a tapered rubber tail with sliding rings inserted inside is used in the telescopic guide on both sides, and from above the tail is compressed by a tapered spring having a reduction in diameter, and the metal bar of the spring also has reduction in diameter, while inside the tail there is a soft hitch with a built-in cable. 13. A water ski tractor according to claim 1, characterized in that it has a winch, with which the skier distances himself to the required distance, containing a soft coupling, into which an electric or optical cable is integrated for transmitting control signals from the buttons of the handle holder to the TVL on-board computer ... 14. A water ski tractor according to claim 1, characterized in that it is equipped with a skier's belt made of elastic rubber-like materials with magnetic fasteners and having a built-in radio signal transmitter for detecting the skier in case of an emergency situation, while the belt also contains a cable with a socket and a plug for supplying voltage to the electromagnet of the skier's boot, the electromagnet of the boot fasteners and the solenoid valve of the ski comb. 15. A water ski tractor according to claim 1, characterized in that it has a body whose approximate overall dimensions are in the following ranges: length 2100 ± 700 mm, width 1200 ± 400 mm, height 800 ± 400 mm, approximate weight in the range from 180 to 360 kg. 16. A water ski tractor according to claim 15, characterized in that it has a body made of fiberglass with internal reinforced partitions and arched-type stiffeners, while the distance between the lower arched part of the TVL and the water surface, taking into account the displacement of the TVL, allows skis to pass under the arched part of the TVL housing. 17. A water ski tractor according to claim 1, characterized in that an air compressor is used on the TVL, and the mechanism for lifting and lowering the skis is pneumatic. 18. A water ski tractor according to claim 17, characterized in that the TVL uses pneumatic dampers to protect the mechanism for lifting and lowering the skis, located in pockets on the bottom of the TVL to prevent the head of the ski from getting into the pocket. 19. A water ski tractor according to claim 1, characterized in that a water jet splitter-converter is used on the TVL, which cuts the water jet emanating from the water jet turbines to form a wave shaft. 20. A water ski tractor according to claim 19, characterized in that the water jet turbines can change the angle of inclination horizontally and vertically. 21. A water ski tractor according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains a seat for a skier. 22. A water ski tractor according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains two or more seats, one of which is located in the center. 23. A water ski tractor according to claim 1, characterized in that in case of an emergency situation, a radio-controlled automatic skier search system is provided, controlled by a computer, triggered after the skier has dropped the TVL lock button located on the grip, and searches for the skier according to the sensor signals, built into the skier's belt.

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