RU2748087C1 - Device for coupling a towing vehicle with a load and its automatic uncoupling - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: towing hitch devices.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to towing hitch devices. The device for coupling a towing vehicle with a load and its automatic uncoupling contains one or more containers having one or more lugs or bushings, with the help of which they are put on one or more towing rods that engage with the towing vehicle. Lugs or bushings allow the container to slide along the rods. Some of the lugs serve to prevent detachment and have a curly cutout. The rear end of the rod has a locking lining, corresponding in shape and size to the figured cutout of the eyelet. The rods have the ability to rotate around their axis. A spring is used to soften jerks when towing and unhitching loads. Automatic uncoupling of the rear container is carried out by turning the towing rod at an angle at which its stopping attachment coincides with the figured cut of the container stopping eye. To attach the cargo to the towing vehicle, a fastener is used that fixes the towing rods with the towing vehicle. To turn the rods, there is a drive and a turning mechanism installed on the towing vehicle. For stability, the containers are equipped with a dynamic stabilizer.

EFFECT: ability to deliver a larger volume of goods and automatically uncouple them.

1 cl, 5 dwg

Description

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to towing devices providing coupling of loads with a towing vehicle and their remote uncoupling.

The following towing hitch devices are known:

- a towing hitch designed for towing cargo and light trailers by a vehicle (tractor), including a towing hook and a Euro loop for cargo trailers or a ball-type device for use on cars [1], [2];

- coupling and automatic coupling device for railway rolling stock [3];

- a towing device, which is devices and mechanisms necessary for towing ships (vessels), floating docks and other objects (wash, bollard, winch, hook, rope, arch or rack) [4].

These devices are designed for towing cargo with significant weight and size characteristics, often exceeding the dimensions of the tug (tractor) itself. At the same time, they do not allow automatic uncoupling of the load at a given point, and this is their main disadvantage.

Known devices for unloading goods at the destination from sea and air ships (ships), when placed inside the ship (vessel), the goods are unloaded in a given area by dumping or self-exit. One of such devices is a lowered or retractable gangway - a ramp [5]. Since the cargo takes up the useful space of the ship, its mass and volume is much less than it could be during towing. And the functional purpose of such ships is usually associated with the delivery of goods.

The aim of the invention is to develop a towing coupling device that allows a vehicle to deliver a larger volume of goods to a designated area and automatically uncouple them at specified points.

To achieve the object of the invention, a device for coupling a towing vehicle with a load and its automatic uncoupling is proposed, in which the load is placed in one or more containers having one or more lugs or bushings, with the help of which they are put on towing rods that mate with the towing vehicle, lugs or bushings of each containers allow it to move freely along the towing rods, some of the eyes serve to prevent the container from being detached, therefore they have a figured cutout, and the rear end of the towing bar has a locking lining that matches the shape and size of the figured cutout of the eyelet, one or more towing rods are used to tow the cargo , they have the ability to rotate around their axis, a spring is used to soften jerks when towing and uncoupling loads, automatic uncoupling of the rear container is made by turning the towing rod at an angle at which its locking attachment coincides with the figured cutout of the retaining eyelet yner, after which it unhooks from the towing vehicle and makes room for the next container, a fastener is used to attach the cargo to the towing vehicle, fixing the towing rods with the towing vehicle, and for their reversal there is a drive and a turning mechanism installed on the towing vehicle to move containers along the towing rods back , their uncoupling and dumping uses the resistance force of the medium in which the towing vehicle moves, the force of gravity or the force of inertia; for stability, the containers are equipped with a dynamic stabilizer.

The device for coupling a towing vehicle with a load and its automatic uncoupling are illustrated by the drawings (Figs. 1, 2 and 3).

FIG. 1 shows the general arrangement of a shipping container. The numbers indicate: 1 - container body, 2 - back cover (bottom), 3 - rear locking lug with a figured cutout, 4 - front lug (sleeve) without a cutout, 5 - front cover (bottom).

FIG. 2, 3 and 4 show the device for coupling the towing vehicle with the load and its automatic uncoupling. The numbers indicate: 6 - the body of the towing vehicle, 7 - the drive of the mechanism for turning the towing rod, 8 - the mechanism for turning the towing rod, 9 - the spring, 10 - the fastening of the towing rod to the towing vehicle (coupling), 11 - the towing rod, 12 - the fairing, 13 - the stopper allotment.

Let us consider the operation of the device for coupling a towing vehicle with a load and its automatic uncoupling when using it by an autonomous unmanned underwater vehicle (AUV), for example, ALISTER or COASTER (USA), used for oceanographic research (Fig. 5) [6].

The scientific equipment necessary for research is loaded into a container (1) and closed with a lid (2) (Fig. 1). The assembled containers are put on the towing rods (11) of the device for coupling the towing vehicle with the load and its automatic uncoupling, after which they are coupled with the AUV towing vehicle (14) with the help of fasteners (10) (Fig. 2) (Fig. 5).

At a given point of the route, the AUV-towing vehicle (14) (Fig. 5), using the drive of the turning mechanism (7) (Fig. 2), unfolds the towing rods, their locking attachments (13) enter the shaped cutouts of the locking lugs (3), and the cargo the container (1) with the equipment placed in it is automatically unhooked from the AUV (Fig. 5).

The use of a device for coupling a towing vehicle with a load and its automatic uncoupling provides the AUV with the delivery of the necessary cargo in a tow and its automatic uncoupling at a given point.

If the shipping containers (1) have an orientation of the shaped cutouts of the locking lugs as shown in FIG. 1, then they are rotated relative to each other by 90 °, and the containers are uncoupled as follows:

- when loading two adjacent containers with different top orientations (Fig. 3), the uncoupling of the next container after uncoupling and the descent of the previous one does not occur,

- when loading two adjacent containers with the same top orientation (Fig. 4), the uncoupling of the next container occurs immediately after the uncoupling and descent of the previous container, since the shaped cutouts of the locking lugs are directed in the same direction.

The technical result of the invention is a device for coupling a towing vehicle with a load and its automatic uncoupling, which allows the vehicle to tow a larger volume of goods to a designated area and automatically uncouple them at specified points.

Information sources

1. Traction coupling. https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traction-coupling_device.

2. GOST 28248-89 Passenger cars. Ball type towing hitch. Moscow: Standards Publishing House, 1989.

3. GOST 33434-2015. Interstate standard. Coupling and automatic coupling device for railway rolling stock. Moscow: Standards Publishing House, 2016.

4. Towing device. Naval Dictionary / Ch. ed. V.N. Chernavin. M .: Voenizdat, 1989 .-- 511 p. P. 63.

5. The ramp. Naval Dictionary / Ch. ed. V.N. Chernavin. M .: Voenizdat, 1989 .-- 511 p. S. 25-26.

6.V.A. Katenin, A.V. Katenin. Mine threat and navigation and hydrographic support of mine action // Defense Order, Internet Appendix No. 15, 2007. http://www.ozakaz.ru/index.php/articles/n-15-06-2007/167-2011- 03-26-18-16-34.

Claims (1)

A device for hitching a towing vehicle with cargo and its automatic uncoupling, in which the cargo is placed in one or more containers having one or more eyes or bushings, with which they are put on the towing rods that engage with the towing vehicle, the eyes or bushings of each container allow it to move freely along the towing rods, some of the eyes serve to prevent the container from being detached, therefore they have a shaped cutout, and the rear end of the towing bar has a locking lining that matches the shape and size of the figured cutout of the eyelet, one or more towing rods are used for towing cargo, they have the ability to rotate around its axis, a spring is used to soften jerks when towing and uncoupling loads, automatic uncoupling of the rear container is performed by turning the towing rod at an angle at which its locking attachment coincides with the figured cut of the container locking eye, after which it is unhooked from the towing ike and frees up space for the next container, to attach the cargo to the towing vehicle, a fastener is used to fix the towing rods with the towing vehicle, and to turn them there is a drive and a turning mechanism installed on the towing vehicle, to move containers along the towing rods backwards, unhooking and dumping them, force is used the resistance of the environment in which the towing vehicle is moving, the force of gravity or the force of inertia; for stability, containers are equipped with a dynamic stabilizer.

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