RU2747752C1 - Photoluminescent information system and submarine light sign - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: submarines.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to submarines, namely to rescue equipment and information means for personnel, used, inter alia, in cases of emergencies in the absence of lighting on submarines. The submarine's photoluminescent information system contains light sources, a variety of general ship and rescue landmarks and equipment, and light signs. The information field of the light signs is made photoluminescent, with the possibility of glowing with visual display and readability of information after switching off the light sources, in conditions of darkness and smoke, for a period of at least 5 days. The light sign is equipped with an information field containing a base and a primer layer. It is made of non-combustible materials and contains a photoluminescent layer, graphics and elements, and a protective transparent binder layer. The light sign after preliminary light exposure for 15 minutes with an illumination of at least 25 lux, in conditions of darkness and smoke, has the characteristic of a glow duration with visual display and readability of graphic images and elements for a period of at least 5 days.

EFFECT: safety of the photoluminescent information system and its light sign is achieved.

2 cl, 1 tbl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to submarines, in particular to rescue equipment and information means for personnel, used, inter alia, in cases of emergencies in the absence of lighting on submarines.

State of the art

At present, despite the advances in science and technology, the degree of risk of operating submarines remains high. In this case, cases of emergencies are often accompanied by the shutdown of lighting in the compartments. In such conditions, which can last for quite a long time, difficulties arise in the necessary quick and accurate actions of the submarine crew. To ensure the possibility of effective actions during operation, operation failures, equipment and machinery malfunctions, special information systems are used on the submarine, including plates, strips with luminous signs.

Luminous signs are known according to the Russian industry standard OCT 5Р.9262-2015 “Strips of distinctive luminous signs. Technical conditions ". They can be taken as the closest analogue of the proposed technical solution. The well-known strips of luminous signs are used only to indicate the location of general ship landmarks of submarines. The text (graphic elements) on the known strips are coated with a luminous paint based on a phosphor. The illumination of the planks in the place of their placement should be 50 ÷ 60 lux. Unambiguous recognition and readability of the text of known planks in the dark lasts for 3 hours, provided their surfaces are illuminated for the time required to excite their photoluminescent glow, at least 60 minutes, with an illumination level in this place of 50 ÷ 60 lux.

However, the time spent by the crew in the emergency compartments of the submarine can be up to 5 days or more. These circumstances lead to the fact that in an emergency, with a complete blackout of the electrical network and a complete absence of lighting, the length of time for the readability of the luminous signs of the text of the known strips is much less than the value of the possible time spent by the crew in the emergency compartments of the submarine. Therefore, in an emergency, a significant part of the time in the dark, the crew will be deprived of the opportunity to navigate by the luminous signs in the submarine.

In addition, in places of the submarine premises with an illumination of 25 ÷ 30 lux, to illuminate (excite the glow) of the luminous signs of known strips, it is necessary to install additional lighting, transfer the strips to other parts of the premises, or make a decision about refusing to install them.

Disclosure of invention

The technical result of the claimed inventions is the creation of a safe photoluminescent information system and a light sign, ensuring their placement in a submarine with a minimum standard illumination, and the possibility of their use for the use of general ship and rescue landmarks and equipment, including in an emergency, as in conditions when the lighting is off, and in smoky conditions in rooms operating for a long time.

The technical result of the inventions is achieved by the fact that the photoluminescent information system of the submarine contains light sources installed on the internal structure of the submarine, many general ship landmarks and equipment.

At the same time, it contains light signs located near general ship and emergency rescue landmarks or equipment, which are illuminated by operating light sources and equipped with an information field on the front side. The information field informs about the location of general ship and rescue landmarks or equipment and the required actions of the submarine crew.

In this case, the information field of the light signs is made by photoluminescent, excited by illumination from operating light sources, with the possibility of glowing with visual display and readability of said information after switching off the light sources, in conditions of darkness and smoke for a period of at least 5 days.

In addition, the light sign equipped with an information field and included in the photoluminescent information system of the submarine contains a base and a primer layer, which is applied over the entire area of the base from the front side.

The light sign is made of non-flammable materials.

At the same time, it contains a photoluminescent layer covering the primer, graphic images and elements that are applied over the photoluminescent layer and constitute with it the information field of the light sign. In addition, the light sign contains a layer of a protective transparent binder that covers the information field over the entire area of the front side of the light sign.

In this case, a light sign with an illumination of at least 25 lux and when the lighting is on for 15 minutes, after turning off the lighting in conditions of darkness or smoke, has the characteristic of the duration of the glow with visual display and readability of graphic images and elements of the information field of the light sign, during a period of time of at least 5 days.

Brief Description of Drawings

The claimed photoluminescent information system and submarine light sign are explained in the following figures:

fig. 1 is an exemplary diagram of a photoluminescent information system for a submarine;

fig. 2 - a fragment of the photoluminescent information system of a submarine with light signs in the form of number tags;

fig. 3 - the design of the light sign;

fig. 4 - front surface of the light sign using the example of the watch's instructions of the device.

Implementation of the invention

The photoluminescent information system and the submarine (PL) light sign are designed to designate mechanisms, equipment, rescue devices and means, life support devices, crew orientation during evacuation, and survivability control devices of the submarine in conditions of complete darkness and smoke, including in an emergency situations.

The claimed photoluminescent information system PL 1 contains light sources 2 placed inside it, a plurality of general ship and rescue landmarks or equipment 3, and light signs 4 denoting them.

Light sources 2 are standard lamps or shades, which are located in the compartments and rooms of the submarine 1.

General ship and rescue landmarks and equipment 3 are installed on the elements of the internal structure in the compartments and rooms of the submarine 1 and are illuminated by working lamps or shades.

Each light sign 4 is located and installed near general ship and rescue landmarks or equipment 3, and is illuminated by an operating light source 2. The operating light source or light sources provide illumination of the light sign 4 at the location, which is at least 25 lux.

The front side of each light sign 4 is equipped with an information field 5, which informs about devices, mechanisms, general ship and rescue landmarks or equipment 3 and the required actions of the submarine 1 crew in the event of an emergency situation, including emergency, for example, in case of failure of the light source 2, the occurrence of a smoke fire.

The information field 5 has the property of a photoluminescent glow and visual display of the information of the light sign 4 after it is turned off if the light source 2 fails in the dark or smoke conditions for a long period of time. The duration of the photoluminescent glow and visual display of the information field 5 in these situations can reach at least five days or more.

Inside the submarine 1, the light signs 4 are located and fixed near devices, mechanisms, general ship and emergency rescue landmarks or equipment 3. The light signs 4 are non-radioactive and do not pose a threat to the health of the submarine 1 crew. They can be made in the form of information tables and tags various geometric shapes. For example, rectangular, square, round, triangular, diamond-shaped and other shapes, depending on the belonging to a particular device, landmark or equipment. A certain geometric shape of the light sign increases the informative distinguishability and recognition of its belonging to the corresponding device, landmark or equipment, which ensures prompt decision-making by the submarine crew members in emergency situations in the absence of lighting, during smoke and other emergencies.

The light sign 4 of the PL 1 photoluminescent information system contains a base 6 on which a primer layer 7, a photoluminescent layer 8, graphics and elements 9, a layer of protective transparent binder 10 are applied. The design of the light sign 4 does not support combustion, which ensures the fire safety of the light sign.

The base 6 of the light sign 4 can be made of metal or polymer material, or combinations thereof.

A layer of primer 7 is applied over the entire area of the front surface of the base 6 of the light sign 4. Preferably, the primer 7 is light, for example, white. This primer has the best reflectivity.

The photoluminescent layer 8, which covers the primer layer 7 over the entire area of the light sign 4, has a photoluminescence effect. The photoluminescent layer 8 of the light sign 4 is made with the possibility of its excitation by illumination of a working light source 2 and a long glow, visually clearly distinguishable in the dark, under conditions of smoke and after switching off the light source 2. The photoluminescent layer 8 of the light sign 4 is applied with photoluminescent paint with a phosphor based on aluminate strontium, which has a higher brightness and luminescence duration than phosphors based on zinc sulfide used in known luminous signs.

Graphics or graphic images and elements 9 are applied over the photoluminescent layer 8 of the light sign 4. The combination of graphic images and elements 9 with the surface area of the photoluminescent layer 8 of the light sign 4 constitute the information field 5 of the light sign 4. The information field 5 glows and displays graphic images in the dark and elements 9. Graphic images and elements 9 (graphics) of the information field 5 of the light sign 4 are alphabetic, digital, pictorial designations, texts and inscriptions, signs, pictograms - designators.

Graphic images and elements 9 of the information field 5 are applied with non-luminous paint, made non-luminous after irradiation with a working light source 2 in conditions of darkness or in conditions of smoke. Non-luminous graphic images and elements 9 against the background of the luminous photoluminescent layer 8 provide a large luminous area, the clarity of the visibility of the graphics of the information field 5 of the light sign 4 in the dark or in smoke conditions and improve the effect of visual perception than graphic images and elements 9 made with luminous paint on the background non-luminous layer.

However, the graphic images and elements 9 of the information field 5, applied over the photoluminescent layer 8, can be made photoluminescent, with the possibility of their excitation by the radiation of the operating light source 2, and retaining the luminous properties and long-term glow in the absence of illumination in conditions of darkness or smoke. In this case, graphic images and elements 9 should be applied with photoluminescent paint having a color and tone different from the color of the photoluminescent layer 8 of the information field 5.

The entire area of the front surface of the light sign 4 over the information field 5 is covered with an outer layer of a protective transparent binder 10.

The light sign 4 is provided with at least one attachment and fixation hole. By means of fasteners through the holes for fastening and fixing 11, it is fixed on the internal structure of the submarine 1. The fastening of the light sign 4 near the device, mechanism or equipment 3 can be made by bolt, screw, or a combination of bolt and screw. It is allowed to carry out fastening by means of self-tapping screws or adhesives.

PL light signs may relate to:

- to the elements of orientation and are made in the form of designators for doors, hatches, covers, ladders, directions of movement during evacuation;

- to emergency rescue devices and life support devices and represent tables of conditioned signals and modes, watch instructions, numbered tags with numbers corresponding to the position number in the watch's instructions, designation tags with the code name of the means, equipment, system, handle, knife switch, switch of mechanisms, unit, plans and diagrams of routes for evacuation from emergency compartments with appropriate signs;

- to means of damage control and are made in the form of designators of equipment devices, handles, switch drives, buttons, handles with designations of their working position.

The tests of the photoluminescent information system and the PL light sign containing the information field with non-luminous graphics and photoluminescent graphics were carried out directly on the PL in compartments equipped with standard light sources.

The duration of the readability of the information field of the light sign was taken as the duration of the time during which the graphic elements of designations, texts and diagrams of the information field of light signs were visually distinguished and accurately identified and read.

At the beginning, in the submarine compartment, preliminary illumination (illumination) of light signs from standard light sources in the form of incandescent lamps was carried out. The duration of the pre-exposure time was 15 minutes. The value of the minimum illumination required to excite the photoluminescent glow of the information field of the light sign was 25 lux, which is the minimum allowable illumination value in the submarine compartment. The measurement of the illumination of the surface of the light sign during the test period was carried out with the illumination turned on with lux meters checked in the prescribed manner.

After the specified preliminary illumination (lighting) for 15 minutes, light signs containing an information field with non-luminous graphics and photoluminescent graphics were in the submarine in the compartment with the lighting turned off, in the smoky compartment in the presence of lighting and in the smoky compartment in the absence of lighting.

The test results of light signs, while they were in a compartment with the lighting turned off, in a smoky compartment in the presence of lighting and in a smoky compartment in the absence of lighting, showed:

- the afterglow of the information field of the light sign has a yellow-green color of medium brightness;

- the electrostatic properties of the light sign exclude the occurrence of static electricity discharges that can become a source of ignition or explosion;

- the duration of readability of designations, texts, schemes of the information field of light signs with non-luminous graphics and with photoluminescent graphics of light signs is at least 5 days;

- with a further increase in the time spent in these test conditions for more than 6 days, the readability of the graphics of the information field of light signs begins to gradually decrease.

Thus, the tests of the claimed photoluminescent information system and the PL light sign showed that the information field of the light sign, including the base covered with the above layers, has a glow duration of more than 5 days after switching off the lighting from the internal standard PL light sources in conditions of darkness and smoke with a duration pre-illumination with illumination for 15 minutes and illumination of 25 lux. In this case, the characteristic of the duration of the readability of the graphics of the information field of the light sign is marked for at least 5 days. The indicated duration of the readability of the graphics of the information field of the light sign is commensurate with the time of the possible stay of the crew in the emergency compartment of the submarine.

Comparative characteristics of the light sign of the claimed information system PL and the known luminous signs according to OCT 5Р.9262-2015 are shown in table No. 1.

In the operating condition of the submarine, located at depth, with properly working standard power supplies and light in the compartments, the information field of the front surface of the light signs is exposed to illumination of the working standard light sources for at least 15 minutes. Moreover, their illumination is at least 25 lux,

In the event of an emergency with the failure of light sources, the crew members of the submarine in the dark, by the geometric shape of the light sign, quickly and accurately determine its belonging, for example, to rescue devices, and by reading, for example, the luminous watchkeeping instructions for use near the rescue device located, produce about 10 + 40 manipulations with the corresponding elements of this device according to the serial numbers of their light signs installed in the form of tags.

In the event of a situation related to the need to evacuate from the emergency compartment, the members of the submarine crew, in accordance with the evacuation plan and the corresponding light indicator signs, unmistakably perform actions to leave the emergency compartment of the submarine.

At the same time, in the case of a long stay of the crew in the emergency compartments of the submarine, the time of which can be up to 5 days, the information field of the light signs of the claimed photoluminescent information system, the readability of which is at least 5 days, will serve during the entire time of the crew's stay in emergency submarine.

The light signs of the claimed PL photoluminescent information system perform their functions in any spatial orientation, provided that they are illuminated (light excited) with an illumination of at least 25 lux for at least 15 minutes.

During operation, maintenance is carried out, which consists in periodically cleaning the information field of the light sign from contamination with a sponge or soft cloth moistened with a washing solution of water with the addition of soap. Then wipe the surface with a dry cloth.

The photoluminescent information system and the submarine sign can be installed on submarines of any project.

Thus, the claimed technical solution makes it possible to create a safe photoluminescent information system and its light sign, which ensure their placement in submarines with a minimum standard illumination, the possibility of their use for the use of general ship and rescue landmarks and equipment, including in an emergency, such as in conditions with switched off lighting, and in conditions of smoke in rooms operating for a long time.

The claimed technical solution of the photoluminescent information system and the submarine light sign can be used in shipbuilding in the manufacture of submarines.

Claims (2)

1. The photoluminescent information system of the submarine, containing light sources installed on the internal structure of the submarine, a variety of general ship and rescue landmarks and equipment, and light signs located near general ship and emergency rescue landmarks or equipment, illuminated by operating light sources and equipped on the front side with an information field informing about the location of general ship and rescue landmarks or equipment and the required actions of the submarine crew, characterized in that the information field of the light signs is made by photoluminescent, excited by lighting from operating light sources, with the possibility of glowing with visual display and readability of the mentioned information after switching off the light sources, in conditions of darkness and smoke, for a period of time of at least 5 days. 2. A light sign equipped with an information field and included in the photoluminescent information system of a submarine according to claim 1, comprising a base and a primer layer applied over the entire base area from the front side, characterized in that it is made of materials that do not support combustion, and contains a photoluminescent layer covering the primer, graphic images and elements applied on top of the photoluminescent layer and constituting the information field of the light sign with it, and a layer of a protective transparent binder covering the information field over the entire area of the front side of the light sign, while the light sign after preliminary illumination within 15 minutes with an illumination of at least 25 lux, in conditions of darkness and smoke has the characteristic of the duration of the luminescence with visual display and readability of graphic images and elements of the information field of a light sign, for a period of time of at least 5 days.

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