RU2746243C1 - Fotoprint fabric printing method - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: printing.

SUBSTANCE: method of printing on fabric which consists in using equipment which includes a rotary machine for printing on sublimation paper, containing closed templates with engraving and a calender for transferring ink from paper to fabric during dye sublimation at 180-220°C, at the same time, each template is applied to the paper separately and immediately dried in an oven, where the next template is placed on a dry surface, maintaining the contour of the programmed composition, reaching a quality close to the photograph, after each print, the paper enters the oven, after all elements are applied to the paper, connect the front side of the fabric with the front side of the paper, pass it through a calender heated to a temperature of 200°C, where, under the influence of heat, the applied ink passes from a solid state to a gaseous state, passing through the fabric, leaves traces according to the printed design on the paper.

EFFECT: invention makes the use of the Fotoprint fabric printing method more effective.

1 cl, 2 dwg, 1 tbl

Description

The invention relates to textile finishing production and can be used to obtain a high-precision image on the canvas.

There is a known device for screen printing on a canvas, in which the transfer of the dye occurs through a mesh printed pattern onto a textile fabric, and the ink gets onto the fabric through engraved through holes in the pattern (for example, see https://compuart.ru/article/23905). The device consists of a group of patterns, where each pattern transfers its own color to form a programmable composition.

However, this method of printing is limited in the quality of transferring designs to fabric due to the impossibility of transferring complex and small design elements, which should form a high-precision composition close to photography. When the dye is transferred to the fabric, the effect of pouring paint beyond the boundaries of the engraving is inevitable.

The purpose of the invention is to expand the technological capabilities of the quality of transfer of design on fabric.

EFFECT: provision of high quality and high speed of printing a pattern on transfer paper, high strength of fabric color (high resistance to operation and washing), absence of a large range of chemical reagents required for production.

This goal is solved, and the claimed technical result is achieved due to the claimed method of printing on fabric, which consists in using a set of equipment, which includes a rotary machine for printing on sublimation paper, containing closed templates with engraving and a calender for transferring ink from paper on the fabric during the sublimation of the dye at 180-220 ° C, while each template is applied to the paper separately and immediately dried in the oven, where the next template lies on a dry surface, maintaining the contour of the programmed composition, achieving a quality close to that of a photograph, while transferring drawing from the roller is transferred to sublimation paper, and a fixer is added to the paint, after each print, the paper enters the oven, where the paint passes from a liquid state to a solid state, remaining on the surface of the paper, then the paper with the print enters the next roller, where the next design element is applied and also, with the help of the oven, the paint acquires a solid state, k can be superimposed on the previous one, while there is no smearing of the design elements, after applying all the elements on the paper, they begin the second process, connect the front side of the fabric with the front side of the paper, pass through a calender heated to a temperature of 200 ° C, where, under the influence of heat, the applied the ink passes from a solid to a gaseous state, passing through the fabric, leaving traces according to the printed design on the paper.

FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of a sublimation paper printing equipment. The main working bodies of the rotogravure printing machine used for printing are the engraved metal rolls of FIG. 1 No. 1. They ensure the mutual coordination of the constituent parts of the drawing and the application of the printing composition. The printing roller itself is a cylinder mounted on an axle, both sides of which are fixed in bearings. The shafts are chrome plated to extend the service life. The length of the working part of the printing rollers exceeds the width of the fabric by 1020 cm. The roller perimeter depends on the size of the pattern repeat and determines its diameter.

The pattern is engraved on the surface of the shaft in the form of strokes or a group of points. Its depth must be sufficient to hold the required amount of paint. The quality of the drawing will depend on this indicator. The rest, without engraving, the surface of the shaft is subjected to subsequent grinding and polishing. During the working process, the lower part of the shaft is immersed in the paint solution of FIG. 1 No. 5. The paint fills in the grooves engraved on the shaft and is held firmly there by the force of surface attraction and the roughness of these grooves. During the subsequent rotation, the part immersed in the paint comes out of the bath and the excess paint on the smooth surface of the cylinder is removed with the squeegee of FIG. 1 No. 4. Thus, in contact with the paper, the shaft transmits to it only a clearly formed part of the image, without foreign stains. Paired with the printing roller is the rubberized pressure roller of FIG. 1 No. 2, which ensures tight contact between the paper and the print roller, and also participates in the transport of paper. During the transit time to the next printing stage, the paper is forcibly dried by means of hot air. FIG. 1 No. 3. Then the process of printing the next fragment on the next printing roller takes place.

The drawing is printed on paper as a mirror image. The drawing itself is divided into several parts according to color components. Each of these parts is engraved on a separate shaft. The paper sequentially passes through the printing rollers and a one-color part of the pattern is printed on each of them. For accurate positioning of the shafts relative to each other, there are special marks on their margins along the edge of the pattern, which help to accurately coordinate the shafts relative to each other and thus collect the pattern into a single whole. As a result, at the exit from the rotogravure printing machine, the drawing is a full-fledged clear picture. Rotogravure printing machine has 8 printing rollers, which allows you to print almost any design.

Sublimation paper has a specific coating, has pores that capture ink during the printing stage, and then, during the transfer stage, give it to the material. It comes in rollers weighing up to 900 kg. The printing speed reaches 50-60 meters per minute, which ensures very high printing productivity.

FIG. 2 schematically shows a transfer calender - a mechanism for printing a pattern onto fabric using sublimation paper.

Then the pattern printed on paper is transferred to the transfer calender, where the sublimation transfer of the pattern from the paper carrier to the fabric takes place. The front sides of the fabric and paper are connected during entry into the heating zone (Fig. 2 No. 7 - hot drum). The fabric is fed free, without tension. The paper is fed from the roll of FIG. 2 No. 8. At the exit, the patterned fabric is separated from the paper, the waste paper is collected on a roll of FIG. 2 No. 9.

In the process of transfer, when heated, the ink from the paper passes from a solid state to a gaseous state and penetrates into the structure of the material, painting over the fibers and firmly fixing in them. Transfer temperature from 180 to 210 ° С, positioning time - from 30 seconds to 1 minute. There is no film here, only the coloring pigment remains on the material. The fabric dyed in this way can be safely worn, machine washed, ironed from the wrong side. It has high decorative properties and good wear resistance.

Below is a detailed flowchart of the transfer printing process using the Fotoprint technology (printing on fabric).

Tab. 1. Technological wiring of the transfer printing process.

No. Operation Sequence
(person in charge) Equipment, fixture Operation control characteristic one 2 3 four 6 Development of a drawing and its application on paper. 1.1.1 Production of printing rolls and their engraving
1.1.2 Preparation of the coloring composition (tinting in accordance with the picture): mixing in certain proportions of colorants, thickeners - stabilizers and solvents (colorist)
1.1.3 Patterning 30 gsm paper rolls (printing machine operators) Production of printing rollers and their engraving by forces and equipment of outsourced organizations
Small heat press,
view chamber with calibration light, mixer
Rotogravure web printing machine Control of appearance, presence of defects and correspondence of engraving to a drawing
Control of color correspondence to the pattern when transferring paint to fabric using a heat press
Control of the conformity of the print pattern to the specified geometric and color parameters 2 Preparation of the starting textile material 2.1 Installation of rolls of material on the grading and grading machine and their unwinding (quality control department controller). Measuring and grading machine Control of appearance, presence of defects, web width. 2.2 Joining rolls of fabric into a continuous roller wound on a cardboard spool (auxiliary worker) Sewing machine (overlock, three-thread) JUKI 747kl Seam d.b. even, without skipping stitches, the width of the materials to be joined must match. 2.3 Moving the roller from the table to a complete technological line for printing a picture (auxiliary worker) Single-deck mobile trolley for rolls 3 Preparing to launch 3.1 Pulling the filling material through the working units of the technological line for printing a pattern (line operators) Shaft system of a processing line for printing a pattern Ensuring uniform tension and symmetry across the width four Transfer sublimation printing 4.1 Thermal transfer of the image from paper to fabric. The paper with the image and the fabric are aligned with the front sides and placed in a heat press, where, under the influence of high temperatures and pressure, the paints pass into a gaseous state, penetrate into the fibers of the fabric and are securely fixed in it.
(line drivers)
Mode: - contact temperature from 160 ° С to 200 ° С - contact time from 30 seconds to 1 minute Option 1: complete production line for printing a pattern on fabric
Option 2: small heat press
In this case, clause 3 on pulling the material is excluded five Sorting the semi-finished product and preparing for the transition to the duplication operation 5.1 Installation of rolls of material on the grading and grading machine and their unwinding (quality control inspector). Measuring and grading machine Control of the appearance, print quality of the drawing, the presence of defects, the width of the canvas. 5.2 Connecting rolls of fabric into a continuous roller wound on a cardboard spool (auxiliary worker) Sewing machine (overlock, three-thread) JUKI 747kl The seam must be even, without skipping stitches, the width of the materials to be joined must match. 5.3 Moving the roller to the duplicating production line (auxiliary worker) Single-deck mobile trolley for rolls

Thus, relative to other methods of transferring a pattern to fabric, the Fotoprint technology has the following advantages:

- high speed of printing a picture on transfer paper;

- no need for expensive transfer paper like thermal transfer paper or special digital sublimation paper. Although the paper for printing a drawing should have pores for receiving and returning ink, it has a quite acceptable cost and is supplied in rollers weighing 1500-1700 kg;

- the strength of the color of the fabric. When transferring a drawing to a fabric, the ink passes from a solid state to a gaseous state and penetrates into the structure of the material, painting over the fibers and firmly fixing in them. This is a transfer of an image without a film, only the coloring pigment remains on the material. Such images are distinguished by a very high resistance to use and washing. Products can be safely worn, machine washed and ironed;

- the high speed of transferring the pattern to the fabric makes it possible to dye fabric on an industrial scale;

- there is no need for a large range of chemical reagents required for production. All you need is paint thinner. Everything else happens under the influence of high temperature;

- the manufacture of printing rolls for a rotogravure web printing machine is much simpler than the manufacture of rolls used in mechanical printing using rolls and includes only engraving. In addition, the rollers for printing the same design are suitable for use in subsequent printing on any fabric. There is no need to produce different sets of shafts for the same design but for printing on different materials;

- the settings for printing the pattern are made on inexpensive paper, and not on matter, as in the case of direct printing on fabric, which reduces the amount of losses;

- the ability to prepare drawings printed on paper for future use, in work in progress. At a low cost of paper, the economic investment in this will be minimal. The very same economic method will allow you to issue an order in the shortest possible time upon receipt or reduce the workload of production during the high season;

- unlike inks for digital printing, both direct and sublimation, ink for rotogravure web printing has a low cost.

Claims (1)

The method of printing on fabric, which consists in using a set of equipment, which includes a rotary machine for printing on sublimation paper, containing closed templates with engraving and a calender for transferring ink from paper to fabric during dye sublimation at 180-220 ° C, characterized in that each template is applied to the paper separately and immediately dried in an oven, where the next template is laid on a dry surface, maintaining the contour of the programmed composition, reaching a quality close to that of a photograph, while the transfer of the drawing from the shaft takes place on sublimation paper, and a fixer is added to the paint, after each print, the paper enters the oven, where the paint changes from a liquid to a solid state, remaining on the surface of the paper, then the paper with the print goes to the next roller, where the next design element is applied and the paint becomes solid with the help of the oven state, the print can be superimposed on the previous one, while there is no smearing of the elements of di zyna, after applying all the elements on the paper, proceed to the second process, connect the front side of the fabric with the front side of the paper, pass it through a calender heated to a temperature of 200 ° C, where, under the influence of heat, the applied paint passes from a solid state to a gaseous state, passing through the fabric, leaves traces according to the printed design on paper.

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