RU2744044C1 - Method for producing hardened glass beads - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the production of glass microbeads and can be used in engineering and electronics as well as in road construction as reflective elements in road markings. The technical result is achieved due to the fact that the method for producing hardened glass microbeads includes dosing the components of the charge, their averaging, forming the composited charge, introducing it into the torch of the plasma torch of the electric arc plasmatron, plasma spraying of the composited charge with the formation of glass microspheres and collecting them in the collection, and the composited charge is presented in the form granules with an optimal size of 1-3 mm, and glass microbeads are additionally quenched using two sequential technological operations and namely air and water cooling.

EFFECT: invention enables production of glass microbeads with high microhardness.

1 cl, 1 ex, 3 tbl

Description

The invention relates to the field of producing glass microspheres and can be used in engineering and electronics, as well as in road construction as reflective elements in road markings.

From the prior art, a method for producing glass microspheres is known, including preliminary grinding and sieving into cullet fractions, melting of granulated crushed glass (Budov VM, Egorov L.S. Glass microspheres. Application, properties, technology // Glass and ceramics. 1993. No. 7, pp. 2-7).

The disadvantage of the analogue is the low microhardness of glass microspheres.

The closest solution to the proposed method in terms of the technical essence and the achieved result is a method for producing glass microspheres, including dosing of the components of the charge, their averaging, forming the rods (composited charge), introducing them into the plasma torch of the plasma torch of the electric arc plasmatron, plasma spraying of the rods with the formation of glass microspheres and their collection in a special collection (Krokhin V.P., Bessmertny. V.S., Puchka O.V., Nikiforov V.M. Synthesis of yttrium aluminum glasses and minerals // Glass and ceramics. 1997. No. 9. P 6-7) ...

The disadvantage of the prototype is the low microhardness of glass microspheres.

The technical result of the proposed invention is to obtain glass microspheres with high microhardness.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that the method for producing hardened glass microspheres includes dosing the components of the charge, their averaging, forming the composited charge, introducing it into the torch of the plasma torch of the electric arc plasmatron, plasma spraying of the composited charge with the formation of glass microspheres and collecting them in a special collection, and the composited charge is presented in in the form of granules with an optimal size of 1-3 mm, and glass microspheres are additionally quenched using two sequential technological operations - air and water cooling.

The proposed method differs from the prototype in that the composited charge is presented in the form of granules with an optimal size of 1-3 mm, and the glass microspheres are additionally quenched using two sequential technological operations - air and water cooling.

A comparative analysis of the known and proposed methods is presented in table 1.

Table 1

In the proposed method, the granules are fed into the torch of a plasma torch, where, under the action of high temperatures, a dispersed silicate melt is formed, the droplets of which enter the zone of action of the air nozzle and are cooled to the temperature of the glass transition from pyroplastic to viscous-fluid with the formation of softened glass microspheres. Then they enter the zone of action of a water jet, where they are cooled to a temperature below the transition of glass from a brittle state to a pyroplastic state and pass into a brittle state.

As a result of two-stage cooling, there is a gradual decrease in the temperature of glass microspheres to the temperature of glass transition from pyroplastic to viscous-fluid and sharp cooling by a water jet to the temperature of glass transition from a brittle state to a pyroplastic one. This leads to hardening of glass microspheres and an increase in their performance, in particular microhardness.

Experimentally established technological parameters of the known and proposed methods (table 2).

The analysis of the known and proposed methods of obtaining hardened glass microspheres allows us to make a conclusion about the compliance of the claimed invention with the "novelty" criterion.

Example

A charge was prepared for experimental verification. According to the standard method, its composition was calculated by calculation (per 100 g): sodium carbonate - 27.9 wt%, boric acid - 52.27 wt%, anhydrous silica - 54.16 wt%, potash - 3.4 wt.%, lead litharge - 6.88 wt.%.

The charge components were averaged in a laboratory mixer and granulated in a tray granulator. Granules with an optimal size of 1-3 mm were melted in a torch of a GN-5r plasma torch of an UPU-3M electric arc plasmatron with the following parameters: current = 350A, flow rate of plasma-forming argon gas 0.0014 kg / s. Then they were sprayed with the formation of glass microspheres, which were quenched using two sequential technological operations - air and water cooling.

table 2

Comparative analysis of technological parameters of the known and proposed methods

P / p No. Indicator name Unit measurements Known
way The proposed method one Plasmatron - UPU-3M UPU-3M 2 Plasma torch - GN-5r GN-5r 3 Plasmatron operation parameters
- current
- voltage
- power AND
IN
kw 400-500
30-32 250-350
30-32 four Plasma gas - Argon Argon five Gas consumption kg / s 0.0014 0.014 6 Gas pressure MPa 0.27-0.29 0.27-0.29 7 Source material for obtaining microbeads - Rods long
250-300 m Granules diameter
1-3 mm 8 Cooling air consumption kg / s - 0.002 9 Cooling water consumption l / min - 10-12 ten Diameter of balls micron 1100-1250 800-3000 eleven Microhardness of glass microspheres according to the Vickers method HV 432 ± 10 * 728 ± 10 * 12 Performance g / sec five* 20*

^{* - according to our own research.}

Experimentally, the optimal sizes of the granular charge for obtaining glass microspheres have been established, which are 1-3 mm (Table 3).

Table 3

Granular batch size

P / p No. Granular batch sizes Organoleptic assessment of the quality of glass microspheres one less than 1mm Surface deformation due to low melt viscosity 2 1 mm Spherical glass microspheres 3 2 mm Spherical glass microspheres four 3 mm Spherical glass microspheres five more than 3 mm Deformed glass microspheres, lack of fusion of the charge

The microhardness of the obtained glass microspheres was determined by the Vickers method, which was 728 ± 10 HV, which is 1.5 times higher than this indicator of glass microspheres obtained by a known method.

Claims (1)

A method of obtaining hardened glass microspheres, including the dosage of the components of the charge, their averaging, the molding of the composited charge, its introduction into the torch of the plasma torch of the electric arc plasmatron, plasma spraying of the composited charge with the formation of glass microspheres and their collection in the collection, characterized in that the composited charge is presented in the form of granules with the optimal size is 1-3 mm, and the glass microspheres are additionally quenched using two sequential technological operations - air and water cooling.