RU2742317C1 - Cam clutch of differential lock - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: machine building.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to machine building, namely, to couplings. Differential lock cam clutch consists of two half-clutches (1 and 2) with end teeth (3). Movable half-coupling (1) is installed on semi-axle (4), and fixed half-coupling (2) is connected to cup of differential (5). Face (6) surfaces of teeth (3) are parallel to each other and perpendicular to axis (8) of coupling. On end surface (6) of tops (9) of teeth of both couplings on left and right side of each tooth there are wide skews (10).

EFFECT: reliability of connection is achieved.

1 cl, 6 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of transport engineering, namely to the inter-wheel and center differentials of the driving axles of vehicles.

Known clutch having end teeth and containing mounted on the shafts driving and driven half-couplings, one of which is installed with the possibility of axial movement, and the second is rigidly fixed on the drive shaft. For reliable engagement, additional centering elements are built into this coupling (see Polyakov VS and others. Handbook of couplings. Leningrad: Mashinostroenie, Leningrad Branch, 1974, p. 145, Fig. IV.4).

The disadvantage of such a clutch is the impossibility of using it in cross-axle differentials of cars due to the complexity of the design, due to the presence of additional complex centering elements necessary for reliable engagement of the clutch with a slight misalignment of the axis of the fixed half of the coupling and the axis of the rigidly fixed half of the coupling.

Known cam clutch mechanism for blocking the interwheel differential of the vehicle, at the end of which teeth are cut, interacting with the teeth cut at the end of the differential box cup. The clutch consists of two half-couplings, one of which is movably mounted on a semiaxis with the possibility of axial movement, and the other fixed is combined with a differential cup (RU 69460 U1, IPC B60K 17/16 (2006.01), publ. 27.1.2007).

The disadvantage of this design is the low reliability of the clutch engagement due to the fact that the teeth of one of the coupling halves may not enter the connection with the cavities of the other coupling half. This can occur due to the presence of a displacement of the axle axis, where the movable coupling is installed, relative to the axis of the differential cup, where the stationary coupling half is located.

It is also known, selected as the closest analogue by the combination of essential features and the obtained technical result, the interwheel differential locking clutch, consisting of two coupling halves, movable and fixed, containing end teeth, and having a hole for installing a retaining ring, a groove for an inclusion fork, internal splines for installing the clutch on the differential cup and semi-axle, the end teeth of the coupling halves are made at an angle to the clutch axis and parallel to each other, and their thickness decreases towards the base (RU No. 175068 U1, IPC B60K 17/02 (2006.01), F16D 11/10 (2006.01), publ. 11/17/2017).

The disadvantage of the device is the complexity of the design of the profile of the end teeth of the half couplings, which complicates their design and manufacture, because The cutting tool (milling cutter or cutting head) for the correct engagement and contact of the teeth of the half couplings moves along a very complex trajectory calculated by the methods of three-dimensional graphics and several mathematical approximations.

The problem solved by the invention is to simplify the design of the profile of the coupling teeth for a simpler design and manufacture of the end teeth of the coupling halves, while providing high performance in terms of engagement reliability.

To simplify the design of the tooth profile and its manufacture in production, it is necessary:

- so that the teeth are cut without a slope to the longitudinal axis of the coupling halves, but then there is a possibility of not switching on the blocking due to the lack of self-centering of the coupling halves, because there is always a deviation of the axes between the half-couplings of the differentials, which does not allow self-centering of the half-couplings;

- to simplify the manufacture of teeth, it is necessary to apply precision stamping, but this increases the manufacturing cost.

The task was solved as follows.

In the cam clutch of the differential lock, consisting of two half-couplings made with end teeth, movable, mounted on the semi-axle, and fixed, connected to the differential cup, the end and side surfaces of the teeth of which are parallel to each other, and having a hole for installing a retaining ring, a groove for the switching fork, internal splines for installing the clutch on the differential cup and on the semi-axle, the end and side surfaces of the end teeth of the movable and stationary coupling halves are made perpendicular to the coupling axis, and there are wide bevels on the end surface of the tooth tops of both coupling halves.

The listed distinctive essential features, consisting in the fact that the end and side surfaces of the end teeth of the movable and stationary coupling halves are made perpendicular to the coupling axis, and on the end surface of the tooth tops of both coupling halves there are wide bevels, in combination with the known ones, make it possible to obtain a technical result in all cases which are covered by the claimed scope of protection of this invention.

The analysis of the known technical solutions, carried out according to scientific, technical and patent documentation, showed that the set of essential features of the proposed technical solution is not known from the prior art.

The claimed technical solution is illustrated by the following drawings:

fig. 1 - cam clutch for differential lock assembly, general sectional view!

fig. 2 - a cam clutch in the on state, sectional view;

fig. 3 - half-coupling, side view with a cutout;

fig. 4 - movable half-coupling in axonometric projection;

Figs 5, 6 are a view of the end part of the coupling halves with the teeth being cut by the cutting head or by milling.

The cam clutch of the differential lock consists of two coupling halves 1 and 2 with end teeth 3. The movable coupling half 1 is installed on the axle 4, and the stationary coupling half 2 is connected to the differential cup 5 (or combined with it).

End 6 and side 7 surfaces of teeth 3 are parallel to each other and perpendicular to the axis 8 of the coupling. On the end surface 6 and 7 of the peaks 9 of the teeth of both couplings there are wide bevels 10.

The teeth 3 of the coupling halves 1 and 2 can be made either by milling around a circle with a radius R coinciding with the radius of the machining cutter (Fig. 5), or by milling in a straight line (Fig. 6).

The aspect ratio of the clutch teeth is shown in FIG. 3:

b = from a / 2 to a / 5;

d = b / 2 to b / 5;

c = from h / 10 to h / 5;

Where:

a - the thickness of the end tooth to the floor of the coupling;

b - the width of the bevel of the end tooth of the half-coupling;

d is the height of the bevel of the half-coupling end tooth;

h is the height of the profile of the end tooth of the floor of the coupling.

This size ratio was chosen empirically, and corresponds to the highest characteristics of manufacturability and reliability of engagement.

The differential lock cam clutch works as follows.

In the initial state, there is a gap between the teeth of the movable half-coupling 1 and the stationary half-coupling 2, which ensures free rotation with different angular velocities of the cup 5 of the differential and the half-axis 4.

When the differential lock mechanism is engaged, the movable half-coupling 1 moves along the half-axis 4. Teeth 3 of the movable half-coupling 1 and the stationary half-coupling 2 engage, ensuring joint rotation of the differential cup 5 and half-axis 4 at the same angular speed, thereby blocking the differential.

In the presence of a displacement A of the axis 11 of the semi-axis 4, relative to the axis 12 of the differential cup 5, the teeth of the movable clutch 1, due to the presence of bevels 10, slide along the bevels 10 or along the end surfaces 6 of the vertices 9 of the teeth of the fixed clutch 2, thereby guiding the end teeth of the movable clutch 1 into the cavity of the fixed clutch 2, which leads to the inclusion of the differential lock.

When the locking mechanism is disengaged, the movable coupling half 1 returns to its original position, disengaging the teeth of the movable coupling half 1 and the fixed coupling half 2.

The claimed clutch has a simple and reliable design, which does not depend on the displacement of the axes between the movable and stationary half-couplings, provides quick engagement of the teeth of the half-couplings and engaging the lock.

The technical solution is possible for implementation on standard technological equipment using modern technologies and materials.

Claims (1)

A cam clutch for differential lock, consisting of two half-couplings made with end teeth, movable, mounted on the semi-axle, and fixed, connected to the differential cup, the end and side surfaces of the teeth of which are parallel to each other, and having a hole for installing a retaining ring, a groove for engagement forks, internal splines for installing the clutch on the differential cup and on the axle shaft, characterized in that the end surfaces of the end teeth of the movable and stationary coupling halves are made perpendicular to the coupling axis, and on the end surface of the tooth tops of both coupling halves on the left and right sides of each tooth there are wide bevels.

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