RU2742259C1 - Volumetric roller-vane circuit pump with stepless variation of efficiency - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: aviation.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to aircraft engineering, particularly, to systems for driving propellers and other rotorcraft assemblies. Proposed pump comprises casing (7) accommodating rotor (1) and liners (2) with separating rollers (3) fitted therein. Exciting crown (4) is installed in housing (7), as well as separating rollers (3) with liners (2) put on their axis. Pump comprises holder (8) fitted on case (7) and provided with grooves. At the same time on each roller (3), there is driven gear (6). Driven gear (6) is coupled with drive gear (5), wherein gear (5) is different from gear (6) width. Exciting crown allows changing working height of rotor, thus changing its efficiency per revolution and, equally, productivity per unit of time at fixed frequency of rotation of input shaft.

EFFECT: higher reliability, resource, pump and overall efficiency.

3 cl, 3 dwg

Description

Technology area

The present invention relates to aeronautical engineering and can be used in the development or modernization of rotor drive systems and other units for rotary-wing aircraft of any configuration, as well as in other industries.

State of the art

The known design of a positive displacement pump of an axial-plunger scheme with a stepless change in performance while maintaining the speed of the input shaft No. 2109167 "Axial piston variable pump". In the known device, the change in performance while maintaining the speed of the input shaft occurs by changing the angle of inclination of the oblique washer.

This technical solution makes it possible to change the value of the working stroke of the plunger and thereby regulate the pump performance per revolution from zero to its maximum value.

The disadvantage of this scheme is the presence of elements in it that perform a reciprocating movement (plungers) and associated periodic pressure surges, which reduce the resource of both the pump itself and adjacent units and require the introduction of devices into the design of the unit or lines that dampen these surges , significant mechanical losses, as well as a relatively low power density in comparison with pumps of other schemes.

Known design of a displacement pump of a roller-blade scheme No. 2205273 "Roller-blade machine" with a pressure reducing valve, which bypasses the working fluid completely or partially into the drain line bypassing the consumer. Pumps of this scheme have the highest power density in comparison with pumps of other schemes.

The disadvantage of this scheme is the loss of power associated with the bypass of the working fluid and, therefore, a decrease in the pumping efficiency (efficiency) of this unit down to zero, which makes it ineffective to operate a unit of a similar design at performance values that are different from the maximum.

The closest technical solution is adopted as a prototype design described in patent No. 2205273.

Disclosure of invention

The aim of the present invention is to eliminate the noted disadvantages of the known designs and to create a reliable pump design that allows, at maximum power density without loss of efficiency, to provide a stepless change in performance.

The technical result consists in increasing the reliability and service life of the pump, increasing the pumping and overall efficiency.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that the pump contains a rotor, crackers (with separating rollers installed in them), a displacement crown, driving and driven synchronization gears, a housing, and a clip. The introduction of a displacement crown into the design of the pump makes it possible to change the working height of the rotor, thereby increasing its productivity per revolution and, equally, productivity per unit time at a fixed input shaft speed.

Brief Description of Drawings

FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of the pump in the maximum performance mode (displacement crown in the lower position);

FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram of the pump in the zero-capacity mode or in the idle mode (displacement crown in the upper position);

FIG. 3 shows a cross section of the pump.

Implementation of the invention

The pump contains a housing 7, in which a rotor 1 and a displacement crown 4 are installed. Also, separating rollers 3 with rusks 2 put on their axes are installed and rigidly fixed in the housing 7. A driven synchronization gear 6 is installed on the separating roller 3, interacting with the driving gear 5. In this case, the crackers are in contact with the lateral surface of the displacement crown 4, and the rollers 3 - with the end surface of the crown 4. To ensure constant contact of the end surfaces of the rollers 3 and the crown 4, the rollers are pressed by a spring, as in FIG. 1, or in some other way.

The displacement crown 4 is kinematically connected to the separating rollers 3 through their end surfaces.

To ensure synchronous rotation, the drive gear 5 is made wider than the driven gear 6 by the amount of the crown stroke.

The holder 8 is put on the body 7 and is equipped with grooves designed to supply the working fluid to the rotor 1.

The pump operates in the same way (patent No. 2205273), however, the change in productivity per revolution is carried out as follows.

The displacement crown, made in a form that mates with the rotor, in such a way that, when pushed onto it, it forms a cylinder with a diameter equal to the outer diameter of the rotor. In this case, the gaps between the rotor and the crown should be minimal, up to touching. Since, as seen in FIG. 3, during operation of the pump, the rotor blades 1 enter the grooves of the rollers 3, the displacement of the crown 4 also causes a corresponding displacement of the rollers 3. To prevent the flow of the working fluid from the drain zone to the pressure head, associated with an increase in the end clearances that occurs during this, crackers 2 are installed on the rollers , which are displaced together with the rollers 3 and the displacement crown 4. To ensure uninterrupted adherence of the end surface of the rollers 3 to the crown 4, the rollers can be pressed against it by a spring or in some other way. The number of pairs of rollers 3 of the blades of the rotor 1, the shape of the grooves of the rollers 3 and the blades of the rotor 1, the working height of the rotor 1, the value of the stroke of the crown 4 can be any and are determined based on the required characteristics of the pump. The working fluid is supplied to the rotor through grooves in the cage 8 and holes in the housing 7 or in some other way. To reduce the magnitude of the control force, the axial load on the crown caused by the action of the operating pressure can be compensated by creating a back pressure or in some other way. To ensure the overflow of the working fluid between the cavities intended for the movement of crackers 2, rollers 3, crown 4 and gears 6, bypass holes and grooves of one form or another can be made in these elements or in the housing 7 (not shown in the drawings).

The variable displacement pump has the following design features:

1. The change in productivity per revolution occurs by displacement of the displacement crown coaxially with the rotor.

2. Separating rollers can move forward with the crown and are installed in the guide blocks.

3. Minimization of the force controlling the movement of the displacement crown can be ensured by creating an oppositely directed force.

4. The adhesion of the end surface of the separating rollers to the end surface of the crown is provided by a spring or other mechanism of a similar purpose.

Claims (3)

1. A displacement pump of a roller-blade scheme, containing a housing (7), in which a rotor (1) and rusks (2) are installed with separating rollers (3) installed in them, characterized in that a displacement crown is installed in the housing (7) (4), as well as separating rollers (3) with breadcrumbs (2) put on their axles, while on each roller (3) there is a driven gear (6), also a clip (8), put on the body (7) and equipped with grooves. 2. The pump according to claim 1, characterized in that the driven gear (6) is mated with the driving gear (5), while the gear (5) is made of a different width from the gear (6). 3. The pump according to claim. 1, characterized in that the separating rollers (3) adjoin the displacement crown (4) due to spring loading.

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