RU2741164C1 - Vacuum drying device housing - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: technological processes.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to food, microbiological and chemical industry and can be used for drying biological and other materials in deep underpressure conditions, for example, for sublimation drying of frozen solutions or suspensions, sublimation drying of frozen food products, as well as for vacuum concentration or drying of liquid solutions and suspensions. Vacuum drying apparatus housing is made in the form of a cylindrical shell equipped with two oppositely lying covers with sealing gaskets from a resiliently elastic material or a cover and a bottom, in which the shell has the shape of a bellows, and housing is additionally equipped with rigid frame structure, limiting minimum distance between two covers or between cover and bottom.

EFFECT: invention allows reducing weight and material consumption of vacuum drying casing.

1 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of food, microbiological and chemical industries and can be used for drying biological and other materials under deep vacuum conditions, for example, for freeze drying of frozen solutions or suspensions, freeze drying of frozen food products, as well as for vacuum concentration or drying of liquid solutions and suspensions.

The known body of a vacuum drying apparatus, which is a tunnel chamber in the form of a cylindrical shell, equipped with a cover and a bottom or two opposite covers. The body is designed to maintain a deep working vacuum inside the dryer. To resist external atmospheric pressure, the shell shell is made of thick metal sheet and is characterized by high material consumption and high weight.

(See RU 2119622 C1 "VACUUM SUBLIMATION PLANT FOR DRYING OF BIOLOGICAL MATERIALS").

The technical result achieved by the invention is to reduce the weight of the body of the vacuum dryer.

The delivered technical result is achieved by the fact that the body of the vacuum drying apparatus is in the form of a cylindrical shell equipped with two oppositely located covers with sealing gaskets made of elastic elastic material or a cover and a bottom, in which the shell is made in the form of a bellows, and the body is additionally equipped with a rigid frame structure limiting the minimum distance between two lids or between lid and bottom.

The implementation of the shell in the form of a bellows means the implementation in the form of a single-layer or multi-layer corrugated axisymmetric shell made of metallic, non-metallic and composite materials, within certain limits, retaining strength and tightness during compression, tension, bending and their combinations under the influence of internal or external pressure, temperature and mechanical stress.

Preferably, the housing has an additional non-crimped shell located inside the bellows and protecting its inner surfaces from contamination.

The limiting rigid frame structure can be located both outside and inside the corrugated cylindrical shell, it can have thrust elements in the form of pipes, trusses or supports-pillars.

The use of the claimed invention will reduce the weight and material consumption of the body of the vacuum dryer. Since vacuum dryers carry out drying in the area of low temperatures, the invention will make it possible to manufacture the shell of the vacuum apparatus from plastics, including by 3D printing methods.

The essence of the invention is illustrated by a drawing, where the figure shows an embodiment of the manufacture of the body of a vacuum dryer.

The body contains a corrugated cylindrical shell 1, a non-corrugated cylindrical shell 2, a cover 3, gaskets made of an elastic material 4 and an abutment rack 5.

The body works as follows.

The product to be dried is loaded into the body, consisting of shells 1 and 2 nested one into the other, through the open loading opening, and then the covers 3 are tightly closed. When the cover 3 is closed, the gasket of elastic material 4 is tightly pressed against the ends of the shells, ensuring reliable sealing of the internal volume, after which a working vacuum is created inside the housing. Atmospheric pressure begins to act on the outer surfaces of the body from the outer side of the corrugated shell 1 and from the outer sides of the covers 3.

With a small wall thickness, the corrugated shell has an increased mechanical strength in the radial direction and a reduced strength in the axial direction. To compensate for the compressive pressure acting in the axial direction from the side of the covers 3 in the direction of the shells 1 and 2, stop-pillars 5 are provided, which do not allow the covers to transfer the force acting from the atmosphere to the shells 1 and 2 along the axis along which the strength of the shell 1 is greatly reduced. The strength of the lightweight shell 2 both in the axial and radial directions is initially low, since the main purpose of this shell is to protect the inner surfaces of the shell 1 from contamination. However, the shell 2 is completely protected from external influences in the radial direction by the shell 1, and in the axial direction by the covers 3 with stop-pillars 5.

Next, a vacuum drying process is carried out in a standard operating mode, after which the pressure inside the housing is increased to atmospheric, the lids 3 are opened and the dried product is unloaded.

Claims (2)

1. The body of a vacuum drying apparatus in the form of a cylindrical shell, equipped with two oppositely located covers with sealing gaskets made of elastic elastic material or a cover and a bottom, characterized in that the shell is made in the form of a bellows, and the body is additionally equipped with a rigid structure limiting the minimum distance between the two covers or between the lid and the bottom. 2. The body of the vacuum dryer according to claim 1, characterized in that the body has an additional non-corrugated shell placed inside the bellows and protects its inner surfaces from contamination.

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