RU2740940C1 - Chuck for production of peeled veneer, method of production thereof and method for production of peeled veneer - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: woodworking industry.SUBSTANCE: group of inventions relates to the woodworking industry, in particular to the production of peeled veneer. Chuck (1) for obtaining peeled veneer consists of at least two workpieces (1.1), (1.1.1) interconnected by joinery and adhesive joint (2). At that, workpieces are connected by ends, in profile section of workpiece have round shape and different and/or identical diameter (d), (d1) and different and/or identical length (L1), (L2), (L3) with minimum length of 100 mm, with minimum diameter of 160 mm. In manufacturing of chuck, workpieces are joined along the length by joinery and glued joint. At that, in workpieces on end faces structural changes are introduced, which are characteristic for joinery connection, glue layer is applied, parts of joinery joint are joined, fixed with subsequent curing to adhesive composition. For production of peeled veneer production of chuck from workpieces, its supply to a softening machine and veneer peeling are performed. At that, manufacturing of chuck is performed from workpieces, in profile section having round shape and different and/or identical diameter and different and/or same length with minimum length of 100 mm, with minimum diameter of 160 mm, by joining workpieces at butt ends with joiner and adhesive joint.EFFECT: upgraded quality of peeled veneer, simplified process of chuck formation.19 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of woodworking industry, namely the production of rotary cut veneer.

Of the known technical solutions, the closest in purpose and technical essence to the claimed object is the solution RU 2076804 C1 "Method for producing peeled veneer", IPC B27L 5/00, B27M 3/00 containing a method for producing peeled veneer in which, during preliminary processing of fine round timber bars are made in the form of a regular hexagon and when a churak is set into the depressions formed by the edges of adjacent hexagonal bars, quadrangular inserts obtained by longitudinal division of a part of the hexagonal bars in half are glued in. Unrooted small round timber is cut across into measured lengths equal to the length of the subsequent glued block. The resulting assortments are processed from six sides on a canter-milling unit, the milling heads of which are recruited from cutters of different design. After milling, 19% of the total number of hexagonal beams is cut longitudinally into two equal parts, waterproof glue is applied to the surface of the hexagonal beams, and the beams are assembled into a churak. For tight contact of the glued surfaces, the churak is covered with metal belts, which are removed before peeling. Churak prepared for peeling is fed to a peeling machine, where veneer is made from it, which can be used, for example, in the production of plywood.

The disadvantage of this technical solution is the complex technological process of making a block. (RU 2076804 C1, http://new.fips.ru).

Known solution RU 2624285 C1 "Method of obtaining sliced veneer from short-sized waste of vanches", IPC B27L 5/00 containing, a method of obtaining sliced veneer from short-sized waste of vanches in which vanches are made, perform its hydrothermal treatment, plan veneer from it. The manufacture of wainscot is carried out by splicing timber waste along the length, followed by holding for the polymerization of moisture resistant glue. The hydrothermal treatment of the glued wainscot and the drying of the obtained veneer is carried out taking into account the minimization of thermal deformations in the glued seams.

The disadvantage of this technical solution is the impossibility of using this method to obtain peeled veneer, since the blocks for peeling machines must have a cylindrical shape, and not the shape of a bar (wainscot). In addition, the toothed carpentry connection due to which the workpieces are connected leads to the loss of part of the useful material. In the case of using a toothed connection to form a block, there is a high probability of destruction: splitting, crushing during docking, and a high probability of destruction of the connection during further processing (peeling). In addition, such a connection within the framework of the formation of a block for a peeling machine leads to additional financial and technological costs, since it is difficult to base the blanks relative to each other during docking, it requires additional use of a tenon nozzle, as well as its maintenance and replacement. Another disadvantage of the known solution is the impossibility of using different-sized workpieces. (RU 2624285 C1, http://new.fips.ru).

The essence of the invention

The task to which the declared solution is directed is the development of a block design for a peeling machine as a basis for obtaining high-quality peeled veneer and the development of a simple, inexpensive method of forming a block from various-sized round timber blanks, without losing the quality of the veneer obtained from it, and the implementation of waste processing to form a block.

The claimed method includes the formation of a block and the production of large-sheet veneer on a peeling machine.

Unlike analogs, churak (1) of fig. 1 is formed from two or more blanks (1.1) and (1.1.1) of FIG. 1 having a rounded profile in profile, different and / or the same diameter (d), (d ₁ ) and different and / or the same length (L1), (L2), (L3), provided that the smaller diameter and the total length of the churak (1) corresponds to the technical parameters of the used peeling equipment.

As blanks (1.1) and (1.1.1) for forming the block (1) use round timber or round timber trimmings, with a minimum length of 100 mm with a minimum diameter of 160 mm.

The diameter of the blanks used (1.1), (1.1.1) can have the same value (d) and / or different both within several blanks and within one blank, i.e. the workpiece (1.1.1) along its length (L3) can have a varying diameter (d), (d1).

Churak (1) includes at least two blanks (1.1) and (1.1.1), interconnected by their ends by a joinery joint in combination with an adhesive layer (2) at the junction of the blanks.

It should be noted that the carpentry joint in the claimed block plays the role of a retainer to prevent fracture at the joints of the workpieces during the curing of the adhesive layer and during the installation of the block in the peeling machine.

The following types can be used as a carpentry connection: a cut or a cut, or into a groove / ridge, or on a mustache, or into an eyelet, or a tenon connection, or on a toothed tenon, or "dovetail", or a wedge-shaped lock and others, provided that that the formation of parts of the joint will be with minimal loss of a part of the useful material, but sufficient to hold the workpieces at the joints during the curing of the adhesive layer and during the installation of the block into the peeling machine.

Effective joinery connections for the formation of the declared block is, dowel / dowel or butt, or half a tree, or a quarter.

When a dowel / dowel connection is used, at least one dowel / dowel is used at the end of the blanks.

The adhesive layer is aimed at joining the joints of the workpieces and forming the integrity of the veneer sheet obtained during the peeling process.

To form an adhesive layer within the framework of the claimed solution, adhesives and / or resins are used.

As adhesives and / or resins used, for example, epoxy or polyvinyl acetate, or carpentry, or polyurethane, or silicate, or acrylic, polyester, or phenol-formaldehyde, or urea-formaldehyde, ethylene vinyl acetate, or copolyamide, or polyolefin, or isocyl , or urea-formaldehyde adhesives and / or resins.

It should be noted that the formation of a block according to the claimed method does not require the selection of blanks for wood species and quality and type of processing.

The claimed solution allows you to make a churak (1) from blanks (1.1) and (1.1.1), different tree species, different lengths and diameters, thereby obtaining veneer of different formats, as well as a combined veneer, in one technological process of processing a churak, reduces the amount round timber waste in the form of scraps, makes it possible to use the block on peeling machines because of its cylindrical shape.

The method of obtaining a block incorporated along the length includes the following sequence of actions.

A set of blanks for assembly is formed that meets the requirements for a block, depending on the type of peeling machine used.

Then prepare the adhesive, if required, before application. Structural changes are made to the blanks in accordance with the type of joinery used.

An adhesive composition is applied to the interface of the blanks (2) in FIG. 1 obtained after preparing the selected type of connection.

Next, the block (1) of Fig. 1, joining parts of the joinery joining the blanks.

Then, for tight contact of the glued surfaces of the mating blanks (2), FIG. 1, as well as the set of the necessary strength of the joint of the workpiece (2) with the help of devices is fixed with subsequent exposure to reduce the thickness of the adhesive layer, squeeze out air bubbles and ensure the continuity and completeness of filling the adhesive seam.

Clamps, clamps or other equipment / accessories can act as fixing devices that allow holding the joined workpieces during the gluing process.

After exposure, until the adhesive layer (2) is cured, the glued surfaces of the mating blanks (1.1), (1.1.1) of FIG. 1 remove the fixing elements from the block (1), which has been incorporated along the length, prepared for peeling and feed it to the peeling machine.

Further, veneer peeling is carried out in accordance with the technological process of the equipment used.

Thus, using round timber or round timber waste in combination with an adhesive composition and a certain type of joinery joint, the proposed method manages to obtain a block incorporated along the length with the possibility of using it on a peeling machine, for the manufacture of peeled veneer, which can be used, for example, in the production plywood. Obtain veneer from various wood species of different formats, as well as a combined veneer, in one technological process of churak processing, due to the fact that the churak is made of a composite of cylindrical ridges of the same or different tree species, different or the same diameter and different or the same length, but according to the smaller diameter and total length of the churak corresponds to the technological parameters of the equipment.

The images show a particular case of the claimed invention, in the form of a block consisting of three blanks.

Brief Description of Drawings:

fig. 1 is a schematic representation of a block incorporated along its length. Isometric view;

fig. 2 - a schematic representation of a block incorporated along its length from blanks of different diameters. Isometric view;

fig. 3 is a schematic representation of the production of veneer from a block incorporated along the length;

Brief description of structural elements:

1 - churak;

1.1 - blank;

1.1.1 - workpiece with varying diameter;

2 - adhesive layer;

3 - veneer.

L - churak length;

L1, L2, L3 - workpiece lengths;

d is the diameter of the workpiece;

d1 - larger workpiece diameter

Implementation of the declared decision:

Obtaining a block for veneer peeling and veneer peeling from blanks according to the claimed method are illustrated by the following examples.

A set of blanks for the assembly of the block is formed, consisting of at least two, which meets the requirements for the block, i.e. taking into account the requirements for the maximum length (L) and maximum diameter (d) for the peeling machine used, while the workpiece must have a diameter (d) of at least 160 mm and a minimum length of 100 mm.

Prepare the adhesive composition taking into account the preparatory measures of the used glue and / or resins. Structural changes are made to the blanks in accordance with the type of joinery used.

The adhesive composition is applied on the interface of the blanks obtained after the preparation of the selected type of connection.

Then the block is assembled from the blanks prepared for joining.

Fix with equipment / rigs until complete adhesion. Next, the fixing elements are removed and the churak incorporated along the length is fed to the peeling machine. The veneer (3) of FIG. 3 in accordance with the technological process of the equipment used.

According to example 1, blanks (1.1) and (1.1.1) have the same diameter (d), (d1). As a result, a block (1) is obtained consisting of at least two blanks with the same diameter (d), (d1), joined together by the ends of a joinery joint in combination with an adhesive layer (2) at the junction of the blanks. When peeling such a block, a veneer (3) consisting of strips is obtained.

According to example 2, the blanks (1.1) have different diameters (d), i.e. each workpiece has its own diameter. As a result, a block (1) is obtained consisting of at least two blanks with different diameters (d), (d1), joined together by their ends by a joinery joint in combination with an adhesive layer (2) at the junction of the blanks. When peeling such a block, a veneer (3) is obtained first from a part of a block (1) with a large diameter, and then consisting of strips (3).

According to example 3, the blanks (1.1.1) have a varying diameter (d), (d1), i.e. each workpiece has a diameter variable along its length. As a result, a block (1) is obtained consisting of at least two blanks with varying diameters (d), (d1), joined together by their ends by a joinery joint in combination with an adhesive layer (2) at the junction of the blanks. When peeling such a block, a veneer (3) is obtained first from a part of a block (1) with a large diameter, and then consisting of strips (3).

According to example 4 blanks (1.1) have the same length (L1), (L2), (L3). As a result, a block (1) is obtained consisting of at least two blanks with the same length, joined together by their ends by a joinery joint in combination with an adhesive layer (2) at the junction of the blanks. When peeling such a block, a veneer (3) consisting of strips is obtained.

According to example 5, the blanks (1.1) have different lengths (L1), (L2), (L3). As a result, a block (1) is obtained, consisting of at least two blanks with different lengths, joined together by their ends by a joinery joint in combination with an adhesive layer (2) at the junction of the blanks. When peeling such a block, a veneer (3) consisting of strips is obtained.

According to example 6, blanks (1.1) and (1.1.1) have the same wood species. As a result, a churak (1) is obtained consisting of at least two blanks of the same wood species, joined together by the ends of a joinery joint in combination with an adhesive layer (2) at the junction of the blanks. When peeling such a block, a veneer (3) is obtained, consisting of strips of the same wood species.

According to example 7, blanks (1.1) and (1.1.1) have different types of wood. As a result, a churak (1) is obtained, consisting of at least two blanks of different wood species, joined together by the ends of a joinery joint in combination with an adhesive layer (2) at the junction of the blanks. When peeling such a block, a veneer (3) consisting of strips from different types of wood is obtained.

According to example 8, when using a carpentry connection requiring the installation of an additional element, for example, a dowel / dowel, holes are prepared at the ends of blanks adjacent to each other, for installing at least one dowel / dowel, interconnected using a dowel / dowel installed in the holes of the blanks (2) pre-smearing the mating surfaces with adhesive. As a result, a block (1) is obtained, consisting of at least two blanks connected to each other by a carpentry connection with a dowel / dowel in combination with an adhesive layer (2) at the junction of the blanks.

According to example 9, when using a carpentry connection that requires preparation of the jointed blanks, in terms of structural changes, for the implementation of a carpentry connection, for example, in half a tree, or in a quarter, or in a cut, or a cut, or in a groove / ridge, or on a mustache, or in an eyelet, or a spike connection, or on a toothed spike, or "dovetail", or a wedge-shaped lock at the ends of blanks adjacent to each other, are formed at the ends of blanks adjacent to each other, butting surfaces corresponding to the type of connection, smeared with an adhesive, the blanks are connected between yourself. As a result, a block (1) is obtained, consisting of at least two blanks connected by butt ends with a joinery joint in combination with an adhesive layer (2) at the junction of the blanks.

Claims (19)

1. Churak for obtaining a rotary cut veneer, consisting of at least two blanks connected to each other by carpentry and glue joints, characterized in that the blanks are connected by their ends, in the profile section the blanks have a rounded shape and different and / or the same diameter and different and / or the same length with a minimum length of 100 mm, with a minimum diameter of 160 mm. 2. Churak according to claim 1, characterized in that the blanks are connected by a carpentry connection with a dowel / dowel or butt joint, or in half a tree, or in a quarter. 3. Churak according to claim 1, characterized in that the blanks are joined by a joinery joint, a cut or a cut, or into a groove / comb, or a mustache, or an eyelet, or a spike joint, or a toothed spike, or "dovetail", or wedge-shaped lock. 4. Churak according to claim 1, characterized in that the blanks are connected with an adhesive and / or resin. 5. Churak according to claim 1, characterized in that the workpiece has a varying diameter. 6. Churak according to claim 1, characterized in that the blanks are made of the same or different types of wood. 7. A method of making a block, including joining workpieces along the length of a carpentry and glue joint, characterized in that structural changes characteristic of a carpentry joint are introduced into the workpieces at the ends, an adhesive layer is applied, parts of a carpentry joint are connected, fixed, followed by holding until the adhesive composition is cured ... 8. A method according to claim 7, characterized in that workpieces with different and / or the same diameter and different and / or the same length are connected. 9. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that they introduce structural changes characteristic of the connection of a dowel / dowel or butt joint, or in half a tree, or in a quarter. 10. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that adhesives and / or resins are used as the adhesive layer. 11. The method according to claim 10, characterized in that the adhesive composition is prepared before the adhesive layer is applied. 12. The method according to claim. 7, characterized in that clamps, clamps or other equipment / accessories are used as fixing devices to hold the blanks to be joined during gluing. 13. A method according to claim 7, wherein the workpiece has a varying diameter. 14. A method of obtaining peeled veneer, including making a block from blanks, feeding it to a peeling machine and peeling veneer, characterized in that the production of a block is carried out from blanks, in profile section having a rounded shape and different and / or the same diameter and different and / or the same length with a minimum length of 100 mm, with a minimum diameter of 160 mm, by joining the blanks at the ends with carpentry and glue joints. 15. The method according to claim. 14, characterized in that the blanks are connected by a carpentry connection, dowel / dowel or butt, or in half a tree, or in a quarter. 16. A method according to claim 14, characterized in that the blanks are joined by a joinery joint, a cut or a cut, or into a groove / comb, or a mustache, or an eyelet, or a tenon joint, or a toothed tenon, or "dovetail", or wedge-shaped lock. 17. The method according to claim. 14, characterized in that the workpieces are connected with adhesive and / or resin. 18. The method according to claim 14, wherein the workpiece has a varying diameter. 19. A method according to claim 14, characterized in that the blanks are made of the same or different types of wood.

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