RU2738102C2 - Barrel firearm system with contactless data transmission - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: weapons.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to weapons, namely to devices for transmitting data to actuators of projectiles fired from firearms. Method is implemented as follows. Prior to firing projectile 12 is placed in barrel bore. Barrel is closed with a shut-off device. Electromagnets are switched on. Shell 12 passing along the barrel captures magnetic field of reference magnet 14, which is always switched on irrespective of information to be transmitted. Actually, it is counting magnet 14, according to which it is determined that at moment shell 12 flies over place of information transfer. Position of each next electromagnet is counted from it and it is determined whether it is on or not. When any combination of electromagnets is switched on, it is possible to determine what electromagnet is included under the condition that counting magnet 14 is always switched on during flight of projectile 12, and angular displacement of electromagnets is known. Only information electromagnets are used to transmit information. When flying past electromagnets in magnetic sensors, an electric signal is induced. Distribution of induced signals amplitude at inclusion of each of 16 combinations (4 bits) is unique. Therefore, by the type of distribution of voltage amplitude induced on all twenty coils, it is possible to determine the sequence of connected and disconnected electromagnets and determine the transmitted information. Magnetic field induced on each magnetic sensor is converted into an electric field which is transmitted to an analogue-to-digital converter by means of a resistor. Analogue-to-digital converter performs digitization of the obtained information and transmission to the information processing unit, which in its turn analyzes the obtained information and directs it to the memory unit. After receiving information from all magnetic sensors, the information processing unit performs combined analysis of the received and stored information and transmits to the memory unit the received volume of information containing, for example, coordinates of the destination, or distance to the target, or time to detonation of the detonating fuse.

EFFECT: technical result of the proposed invention is to improve the reliability of the device.

3 cl, 5 dwg

Description

Technology area

The invention relates to the field of weapons, namely to devices for transmitting data to the actuators of shells fired from firearms.

State of the art

A known device is a device for transmitting information for the contactless programming of remote fuses of projectiles of multiple launch rocket systems (RF patent No. 2240494, publication date 20.11.2004). The information transmission device for the contactless programming of remote fuses of projectiles of multiple launch rocket systems includes an external shielding body, a radiating inductor in a dielectric casing, containing an annular ferrite core, two series-connected windings, a rod ferrite core, at the ends of which a bushing with an external thread and a smooth bushing are installed , a frame with an internal thread and a groove for the winding, two position latches, a capacitor, a connector for connecting to a source of programming signals, stands made of dielectric material for fastening a radiating inductor in an external shielding case. The information transmission device is fixed on the gun barrel over a through rectangular groove made in the barrel. A programmable fuse with a receiver is located in the projectile. The radiating inductance coil and the capacitor are connected in series or in parallel and through the inputs are connected to the driver of programming signals with a carrier frequency. When programming signals with a carrier frequency arrive, the radiating inductor creates an alternating electromagnetic field. The resonant frequency of the field, corresponding to the carrier frequency of the signals, is fixed when tuning by the position of the core. An alternating electromagnetic field is inductively transmitted through a straight-through rectangular groove in the gun barrel and a variable EMF is induced on the receiving device of the projectile fuse, which is converted by the fuse into programming signals.

The disadvantage of the known technical solution is the need to modify the barrel of the gun by making a through rectangular groove in it.

The closest technical solution (prototype) is a device for programming the projectile (RF patent No. 2539091, publication date 01/10/2015). The projectile programming device during its passage through the barrel, muzzle brake or the like contains: a waveguide, a transmitting connector, a generator and a modulator. The waveguide can be a barrel, a muzzle brake or an additional element between the end of the barrel and the beginning of the muzzle brake, or additionally installed at the end of the muzzle brake. The transmitting connector is installed in the waveguide and is powered by a signal generator with a frequency below the cutoff frequency of the corresponding waveguide mode. The modulator is configured to modulate the information provided for the projectile to the carrier frequency. In this case, a receiving connector is installed on / in the projectile, which is electrically connected to the storage device or the processor in the projectile, as well as an energy transfer module made with the ability to transfer energy necessary for the integrated electronics of the projectile before programming.

The disadvantage of the prototype is the low reliability of the device due to the placement of the transmitting connector in the hole in the waveguide (barrel). This disadvantage is due to the possibility of knocking out the transmitting connector from the specified hole by the pressure from the combustion of the combustible mixture, pushing the projectile out of the barrel. In this case, the process of making a hole in the barrel and installing the transmitting connector complicate the design as a whole.

The technical result of the proposed invention is to improve the reliability of the device.

The delivered technical result is achieved due to the fact that in a barrel firearm system with contactless data transmission, containing a barrel with a channel and an outer surface, at least one magnetic tag, the magnetic tag contains one counting magnet and information electromagnets, the counting magnet and information electromagnets are installed with sides of the outer surface of the barrel and are located in the same plane perpendicular to the axis of the barrel, the reference magnet and information electromagnets are located to provide the possibility of creating a unique distribution of the magnetic field inside the barrel, which ensures the determination of the angular position of the reference magnet, and the information electromagnets are installed with angular displacement relative to the reference magnet, in In a particular case, information electromagnets are made in the composition: the first electromagnet, the second electromagnet, the third electromagnet, the fourth electromagnet, while the first electromagnet is installed relative but the readout magnet with an angular displacement of 90 degrees, the second electromagnet is installed relative to the readout magnet with an angular displacement of 180 degrees, the third electromagnet is installed relative to the readout magnet with an angular displacement of 225 degrees, the fourth electromagnet is installed relative to the readout magnet with an angular displacement of 315 degrees, while in the projectile for a barrel firearm system with contactless data transmission, containing a housing with a fuse and magnetic sensors installed in it, an information processing unit, an analog-to-digital converter and a memory unit, magnetic sensors are made and located so that, when the projectile moves along the barrel, the magnetic field is measured created by a counting magnet and information electromagnets, each magnetic sensor is connected to an analog-to-digital converter, which is connected to the information processing unit, and the information processing unit is electrically connected to the memory unit.

Brief Description of Drawings

The invention is illustrated by drawings (Figs. 1-5), where Fig. 1 shows a schematic representation of an electrical circuit inside the projectile, Fig. 2 shows a schematic general view of the device, Fig. 3 shows the distribution of the amplitude of the induced voltage when all electromagnets in the ring are turned on, Fig. 4 shows the distribution of the amplitude of the induced voltage when the reference magnet, the first electromagnet and the second electromagnet are turned on; Fig. 5 shows the voltage induced on the inductor when flying past two magnetic marks.

Disclosure of invention

The figures indicate: fuse 1, analog-to-digital converter 2, information processing unit 3, barrel 4, memory unit 5, resistor 6, magnetic sensor 7, head part 8, body 9, inner cavity 10, end wall 11, projectile 12, the fourth electromagnet 13, the counting magnet 14, the third electromagnet 15, the first electromagnet 16, the second electromagnet 17.

The main elements of a barrel firearm system with contactless data transmission are a projectile 12, a barrel 4, a signal source, a reading magnet 14 and information electromagnets (the first electromagnet 16, the second electromagnet 17, the third electromagnet 15 and the fourth electromagnet 13). The counting magnet 14, the first electromagnet 16, the second electromagnet 17, the third electromagnet 15 and the fourth electromagnet 13 are hereinafter collectively referred to as magnets.

The barrel 4 is the main structural element of many types of firearms (including artillery) intended for the passage of a projectile 12 through it, receiving the kinetic energy of the projectile 12 due to the transformation of the potential energy of the chemical reaction or physical effect used. The projectile, when moving along the barrel 4, acquires the required initial velocity, direction vector and, in some cases, angular momentum for flight stability. The barrel 4 is made in the form of a pipe, inside of which a channel is made, designed to accommodate and pass through it a projectile 12. On the outer surface (i.e., the surface facing outward towards the opposite channel) of the barrel 4, one counting magnet 14 and the required number of information electromagnets are installed ... In a particular case, an example with five magnets (one counting and four informational) is considered below.

To lock the barrel bore, the barrel firearm system may contain a locking device. The locking device is a set of mechanisms and devices designed to reliably lock the channel from one of the ends of the barrel 4 and prevent the release of combustion products, firing a shot and ejecting a spent cartridge case. In a particular case, a shutter can be used as a locking device. The shutter is a part of a firearm, loading from the breech, serving to lock the channel and firing a shot (Samoilov K.I.Morskoy dictionary. - M.-L .: State Naval Publishing House of the NKVMF of the USSR, 1941, URL: https: / /dic.academic.ru/dic.nsf/sea/3099/ZATVOR, date of treatment 03/25/2019). The locking device can be of any type, for example, automatic (anti-aircraft guns, small-caliber guns), semi-automatic (anti-tank guns, medium-caliber guns), non-automatic (large caliber).

Projectile 12 is an ammunition for firing a firearm, having a body 9 and a warhead 8. Projectile 12, as a rule, is made axisymmetric. The body 9 of the projectile is intended to be placed in it and connected into a single object of all the constituent elements of the projectile 12. The body 9 of the projectile 12 in a particular case is made cylindrical with an internal cavity 10 designed to accommodate the explosive. The body 9 of the projectile 12 from the outside can be equipped with centering nubs. Centering nubs are used to align the axis of the projectile 12 with the axis of the bore 4. To ensure ease of loading the gun, the diameter of the projectile 12 along the centering nubs is 0.1 - 0.2 mm less than the caliber of the gun. The housing 9, in a particular case, is made closed on one side by the end wall 11.

On the side opposite to the end wall 11, the projectile 12 is equipped with a head part 8. The head part 8, in a particular case, is made sharpened to reduce the air resistance during the flight of the projectile 12. The projectile 12 is equipped with a fuse 1, usually located in the head part 8 of the projectile 12.

The fuse 1 is designed to detonate the explosive charge (explosive) of the projectile 12. It is possible to use any type of fuse 1 in the device, for example, contact, remote, non-contact, command, and combined action. The fuse 1 contains a reader containing magnetic sensors 7, a resistor 6, an analog-to-digital converter 2, an information processing unit 3 and a memory unit 5.

The magnetic sensor 7 is designed to remotely capture the energy of the magnetic field and convert the energy of the magnetic field into the energy of an electric current. In the special case, inductors can be used as magnetic sensors 7. An inductor is an electronic component that is a helical or helical structure made with an insulated conductor, it is also possible to use other types of inductors. In the fuse 1 there are several magnetic sensors 7. In a particular case, for example, twenty magnetic sensors 7. The axes of all magnetic sensors 7 are located perpendicular to the axis of the projectile 12. Each magnetic sensor 7 is connected to a resistor 6 to form a closed electric circuit through which current can flow ... When the projectile 12 flies past the magnet, an electric voltage is induced in the magnetic sensor 7 and an electric current arises, which, flowing through the resistor 6, enters the analog-to-digital converter 2.

Resistor 6 is designed to remove the electrical signal induced on the magnetic sensor 7 and transmit the specified signal to the information processing unit 3.

Analog-to-digital converter 2 is a device that converts an input analog signal into a discrete code (digital signal). The analog-to-digital converter 2 is made to provide the possibility of obtaining an electrical signal induced on the magnetic sensor 7, its digitization, with further transmission of the digitized data to the information processing unit 3. In a particular case, it can be used as one analog-to-digital converter 2 with several channels, and several analog-to-digital converters 2.

The information processing unit 3 is a multi-element electronic device that recognizes the received information and extracts useful information from the received stream. A processor can be used as an information processing unit 3. The information processing unit 3 is made with the possibility of determining whether the data received from the magnetic sensor 7 correspond to the flight of the projectile 12 past the magnetic tag (described below) and, if necessary, send this data to the memory unit 5. After the flight past the magnetic tags and recording signals from each of magnetic sensors 7, the information processing unit 3 analyzes the received signals and extracts useful information from them.

Memory unit 5 is a functional part of a computer or information processing system, designed for receiving, storing and issuing data. The memory unit 5 is made with the possibility of receiving information from the information processing unit 3, storing the received information and issuing the necessary data at the request of the information processing unit 3.

The signal source is designed to provide the possibility of forming the necessary combination of signals in the binary number system for each of the electromagnets and transmitting these signals to the corresponding electromagnets.

The counting magnet 14 and information electromagnets (the first electromagnet 16, the second electromagnet 17, the third electromagnet 15 and the fourth electromagnet 13 are placed on the outer surface of the barrel 4. An electromagnet or a permanent magnet can be used as a counting magnet. Magnets are schematically shown in the figures in the form of cubes All magnets are oriented by the same "pole" to the axis of the barrel 4. All magnets are generally located in one plane. The arrangement of the magnets is asymmetrical. Information electromagnets are angularly displaced relative to the reference magnet 14, as well as relative to each other (i.e. that is, they have different angular coordinates relative to the axis of the barrel 4). The axial asymmetric arrangement of the magnets is chosen in such a way that, with the readout magnet 14 constantly on, any combination of the on and off information electromagnets was unique. For convenience of description, the electromagnets are numbered clockwise. this m the agnite located at the top in FIG. 3 and 4, acts as a readout magnet 14, permanently on. In a particular case, the angular displacement from the reference magnet 14 of the first electromagnet 16 is 90 degrees, the second electromagnet 17 - 180 degrees, the third electromagnet 15 - 225 degrees, the fourth electromagnet 13 - 315 degrees.

A magnetic tag is a specialized object capable of carrying information of a certain content and made to ensure that this information can be read by a moving object. In this case, the magnetic tag consists of several magnets (in a particular case - five), one of which is a reference, located in the same plane perpendicular to the axis of the barrel 4. If it is necessary to transfer more information, it is possible to install several magnetic tags on the barrel 4. The type of the induced electrical signal when flying past two magnets of two magnetic marks is shown in Fig. 5. The bold lines mark the positions in which the axis of the magnetic sensor 7 lies in the plane passing through the "centers" of the magnets of the first and second magnetic marks.

Implementation of the invention

In the case of using the above elements and means, the invention is implemented as follows (the presented description of the object illustrates a particular case of its execution, other implementations are possible using the features of this technical solution).

In the manufacture of the projectile 12, the fuse 1 contains the minimum required number of magnetic sensors 7, resistors 6, analog-to-digital converters 2, an information processing unit 3 and a memory unit 5, electrically connected to ensure the transmission of electrical signals between them. The fuse 1 is placed in the head part 8 of the future projectile 12. The explosive is placed in the housing 9 of the projectile 12. The body 9 is connected to the head part 8 and closed with the end wall 11.

On the outer surface of the barrel 4 of the gun, from which the indicated projectiles 12 are fired, a counting magnet 14 is placed. The rest of the electromagnets are positioned in such a way that the combination of the switched on and off magnets creates a unique distribution of the magnetic field inside the barrel 4, and the induced voltage in the magnetic sensors 7 can be unambiguously restore the combination of turned on and off information electromagnets, in a particular case, an example is considered when the remaining electromagnets are located in the same plane perpendicular to the axis of the barrel 4, while the first electromagnet 16 is displaced relative to the reference magnet 14 - 90º, the second electromagnet 17 is displaced relative to the reference magnet 14 - 180º, the third electromagnet 15 with displacement relative to the reference magnet 14 - 225º and the fourth electromagnet 13 with displacement relative to the reference magnet 14 - 315º. In this case, the arrangement of magnets on the outer surface of the barrel 4 provides a simplification of the structure as a whole due to the absence of the need to perform any modifications of the barrel 4 itself, for example, inserting sensors. In this case, quick installation and disassembly of the system is possible.

Before firing, the projectile 12 is placed in the barrel bore 4. The barrel is closed with a locking device. Includes electromagnets. The projectile 12, passing through the barrel 4, catches the magnetic field of the reference magnet 14, which is always on, regardless of the information that needs to be transmitted. In fact, it is a counting magnet 14, by which it is determined that at a given moment the projectile 12 is passing the place of information transmission. The position of each next electromagnet is counted from it and programmatically determines whether it is on or not. When any combination of electromagnets is turned on, it is possible to determine which electromagnet is turned on, provided that the readout magnet 14 is always turned on during the flight of the projectile 12, and the angular displacement of the electromagnets is known. Only informational electromagnets are used to transmit information. When flying past the electromagnets, an electric signal is induced in the magnetic sensors 7. The distribution of the amplitude of the induced signals when each of the 16 combinations (4 bits) is turned on is unique. Therefore, by the type of distribution of the amplitude of the voltage induced on all twenty coils, it is possible to determine the sequence of the electromagnets on and off and to determine the transmitted information. In this case, the magnetic field induced on each magnetic sensor 7 is converted into an electric field (electrical signal), which is transmitted to the analog-to-digital converter 2. By means of the analog-to-digital converter 2, the received information is digitized and transmitted to the information processing unit 3, which in turn analyzes the received information and sends it to the memory unit 5. The information is encoded through a unique distribution of the magnetic field and, therefore, a unique distribution of electrical signals. After receiving information from all magnetic sensors 7, the information processing unit 3 performs a cumulative analysis of the received and stored information and transfers the received amount of information to the memory unit 5, containing, for example, the coordinates of the destination, or the distance to the target, or the time until the detonation of the fuse.

Figures 3-4 show examples for clarity. On the left is a combination of switched on and off electromagnets, on the right - the distribution of the voltage amplitude, which can be used to determine the transmitted information.

Thus, the implementation of the barrel firearm system with contactless data transmission in the manner described above provides an increase in the reliability of the barrel firearm system with contactless data transmission, due to the placement of electromagnets on the outer surface of the barrel 4. At the same time, the pressure of the combustion products in the barrel bore 4 is not able to exert a direct effect on electromagnets, violate the tightness of the barrel and adversely affect the operation of the barrel firearm system with contactless data transmission in general.

Claims (3)

1. Barrel firearm system with contactless data transmission, containing a barrel with a channel and an outer surface, at least one magnetic tag, a magnetic tag contains one counting magnet and information electromagnets, the counting magnet and information electromagnets are installed on the side of the outer surface of the barrel and are located in one a plane perpendicular to the axis of the barrel, the reference magnet and information electromagnets are located to provide the possibility of creating a magnetic field distribution inside the barrel, which ensures the determination of the angular position of the reference magnet, and the information electromagnets are installed with an angular displacement relative to the reference magnet. 2. Barrel firearm system with contactless data transmission according to claim 1, characterized in that the information electromagnets are made in the composition: the first electromagnet, the second electromagnet, the third electromagnet, the fourth electromagnet, while the first electromagnet is installed relative to the reference magnet with an angular displacement of 90 degrees, the second electromagnet is installed relative to the reference magnet with an angular displacement of 180 degrees, the third electromagnet is installed relative to the reference magnet with an angular displacement of 225 degrees, the fourth electromagnet is installed relative to the reference magnet with an angular displacement of 315 degrees. 3. A projectile for a barrel firearm system with contactless data transmission according to claim 1 or 2, containing a housing with a fuse and magnetic sensors installed in it, an information processing unit, an analog-to-digital converter and a memory unit, magnetic sensors are made and located with the possibility of when the projectile moves along the barrel, measuring the magnetic field created by the reference magnet and information electromagnets, each magnetic sensor is connected to an analog-to-digital converter, which is connected to the information processing unit, and the information processing unit is electrically connected to the memory unit.

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