RU2735390C1 - Beam structure of floor of the second floor of double-decker bus - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: transport machine building.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to transport machine building. Beam design of the floor of the second floor of the double-decker bus consists of longitudinal and cross trusses on which the floor covering is laid. Longitudinal trusses are made below level of cross trusses, forming on the second floor the passage for passengers, and installed on front and rear metal columns resting on wheel arches.

EFFECT: higher reliability and rigidity of body structure.

1 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of passenger vehicles, namely to the layouts of two or more storey salons.

The cabins of two or more storey passenger planes, trains, and buses are widely known. The heights of trains and buses are strictly limited by law in all countries of the world. Known layouts of salons, allowing to use the difference in the required free space above the seats and standing passengers. Under the seated passengers on the second floor there is a space for standing passengers on the first floor and vice versa. This arrangement of the passenger compartment allows the vehicle height to be lowered. The main disadvantage of the layouts of passenger compartments with different floor levels of the upper floor is a decrease in resistance to loads due to the occurrence of bending moments in the floor joints at different levels.

In the prior art, improvements are known to bodies for passenger vehicles (GB329204 from 1930-05-15). A two-story passenger vehicle is characterized in that the floor of the second floor rests on roof beams, which are cut to represent two floor surfaces at different levels and present a curved surface on the lower side of the second floor at the junction of the floor surfaces. The disadvantage of this design is the lack of reliability of the design.

The closest is the two-level hybrid electric double-decker bus (CN201703442 (U) - 2011-01-12), which includes a car body, an upper floor and a lower floor in the body. The lower floor consists of a lower aisle and a step higher than the lower aisle. One side of the walkway is attached to the body from the door side, the other side of the upper walkway is attached to the side of the step surface, and the other side of the surface of the step is attached to the car side of the car. A single row of overhead seats is provided on the sidewall of the overhead aisle next to the vehicle body. The disadvantage of this design is the lack of reliability of the design.

The problem to be solved by the claimed invention is to develop an arrangement of transverse and support beams of the second floor, allowing to reduce resistance to loads.

This problem is solved by the fact that the girder structure of the floor of the second floor of a double-decker bus consists of longitudinal and transverse trusses, on which the floor covering is laid, while the longitudinal trusses are made below the level of the transverse trusses, forming a passage for passengers on the second floor, and are installed on the front and rear metal columns supported by wheel arches.

The technical result provided by the above set of features is to increase the reliability of the structure, namely the rigidity of the body.

A floor structure with a floor level of different heights at the transition from one height to another in the transverse floor beams has significant bending forces, to neutralize which, reinforcement of the structure is required, which leads to additional metal consumption, an increase in the weight of the vehicle, and an increase in the price of the product. The difference in height weakens the crossbeams.

The claimed invention is an overlap between floors in the form of a three-dimensional structure supported by columns.

This will allow replacing bending loads on the upper floor floor structure with tensile and compression loads, which have a significantly higher material resistance, thereby increasing body rigidity, reducing weight, and increasing the passenger capacity of the vehicle.

The essence of the invention is illustrated by drawings, which show:

figure 1 is a general view of the bus in section

figure 2 - side section of the bus

figure 3 is a cross-section of the rear of the bus

figure 4 is a cross-section of the front of the bus,

where 1 is the main longitudinal truss

2 - front column

3 - back column

4 - transverse truss

5 - second longitudinal truss

6 - floor.

The girder floor structure consists of longitudinal 1, 5 and transverse 4 trusses, which are bar systems. Longitudinal and transverse trusses are structures of two parallel beams with beams located between them, installed in the form of triangles, while only tension-compression forces arise in the elements of the trusses. The triangle is the toughest shape.

The floor of the upper floor consists of two longitudinal trusses 1 and 5 located along the cabin and several transverse trusses 4. The longitudinal trusses are made below the level of the transverse trusses, thus forming a 1950 mm high passage for passengers on the upper floor.

The longitudinal trusses rest on metal structures that act as columns 2 and 3. The front ends of the longitudinal trusses rest on the front column 2, which has connections with the wheel arch in the longitudinal and transverse directions. The rear column 3, standing on the rear wheel arch, limits the movement of the trusses only in the transverse direction, this is quite enough. The result is two parallel articulated cantilever beams (trusses) on the columns.

The columns are made in any known way, their shape and design depend on the design features of the bus body and the layout of the seats.

The placement of the longitudinal beams depends on the layout of the second floor passage.

The columns are supported by wheel arches with a rigid box structure. The wheel arches, in turn, are supported by elastic elements (springs, pneumatic cylinders) of the front and rear axles. As a result, it turns out that the longitudinal beams of the second floor through the columns and arches rest directly on the bridges of the bus. This largely relieves the load-bearing elements of the body.

Transverse trusses are attached at one end to the main longitudinal beam, the other to the body. Passenger seats are installed on the transverse trusses. The space inside the transverse trusses under the seats can be used to accommodate ventilation, heating, lighting, internet, video surveillance. And also to increase the height of the first floor under the second floor seats.

Since, thanks to the proposed design, the loads are reduced, this makes it possible to use aluminum. Thus, the weight of the main longitudinal girder is 40 kg, the second longitudinal girder is 17 kg, the weight of the crossbeam with attachments for 3 seats is 5.6 kg. This greatly facilitates the structure, gives strength, reliability, makes it possible to ensure the width and height of the aisles, the distance above the passenger seats in accordance with existing norms and rules. On average, 1 passenger seat on the second floor has less than 10 kg of vehicle weight. With a one-story layout, one passenger accounts for about 100 kg of bus weight.

Thus, the proposed beam structure of the floor of the second floor of a double-decker bus can reduce the resistance to loads and thereby increase the rigidity and reliability of the structure.

Claims (1)

The girder structure of the floor of the second floor of a double-decker bus, consisting of longitudinal and transverse trusses, on which the flooring is laid, while the longitudinal trusses are made below the level of the transverse trusses, forming a passage for passengers on the second floor, and are installed on the front and rear metal columns resting on wheel arches.

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