RU2735301C1 - Two-channel emergency beacon for underwater manned apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: vessels and other watercrafts.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to mounted on habitable underwater vehicles equipment for generating special signals emitted into an aqueous or (and) air environment, with information on fact, time and nature of accident with carrier of said facility, as well as its location. Technical result is achieved by that, first, in on-board elements of prototype device, more specifically temperature, water and radiation sensors, included is a sensor for chemical composition of air inside the underwater object and, secondly, the electronic components of the main on-board part of the device include a transceiving hydroacoustic channel with audio communication elements (microphone-telephone unit MTU), as well as reception-transmission modes operating switches, and the autonomous overboard part - receiving-emitting radio and hydroacoustic units, reception-transmission mode switches with radio and hydroacoustic antennas, which enable to realize the possibility of installation of two-way simplex connection of crew members of emergency apparatus and rescue forces.

EFFECT: elimination of shortage of analogues and a prototype, namely providing leading search of forces and means with more complete information on causes of accident, technical state of emergency facility in real time, as well as automation of this process and implementation of possibility of installation of single- or double-sided hydro-radio contact.

1 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to technical means for generating special signals emitted into the water and / or the air, installed on manned underwater vehicles, with information about the fact, time and nature of an accident with the carrier of such a means, as well as its location.

The presence of underwater habitable objects at sea is inextricably linked to the influence of various external and internal factors, some of which cannot always be foreseen and prevented. So, constructive errors made in the design and production process, as well as errors of service personnel in the process of application for purpose and maintenance, can lead to a leakage and uncontrolled flow of water into a durable case, errors in handling flammable materials, mechanisms and their individual elements, under electrical voltage - to fires, violation of the rules of technical and combat maintenance of ammunition - to explosions, and failure or failure of elements of nuclear reactors - to radiation contamination of crew members. Naturally, the vast majority of accidents are predicted in practice and prevented by taking appropriate measures, but in some of them, unfortunately, they are caused by the influence of the "human factor", i.e. crew errors, serious accidents with fatalities have occurred.

In the event of an emergency, the main task of the manager of the emergency apparatus of the link is to notify the coastal services or ships and vessels directly supporting the operation of this apparatus, as well as other air and floating craft about the fact and volume of the emergency with the available means. Of the large number of modern equipment adopted for supply and practical use of such a purpose, it is necessary, first of all, to name emergency radio beacons that pop up as a result of the actions of the crew members in an underwater vehicle and provide, by means of emitted signals, the location of emergency objects, and establish a possible cable-rope contact connecting the buoy with the emergency object.

Emergency buoys of this format, which is predominant in terms of the number of types of structures, are represented by both domestic and

foreign devices. So, for example, the domestic Ovchinnikov AN rescue buoy, protected by patent No. 2532290 and described in [1, 2], pops up after the crew members release its fasteners from inside the hull, although the possibility of automatic triggering of an explosive cartridge performing this function when the value of the air pressure inside the rugged case of its ultimate level. A significant amount of information on this topic is contained in the monograph "Devices and means of warning about a submarine accident and communication with its crew" [3]

From foreign emergency rescue equipment, information sources provide data on American emergency radio beacons AN / BRT-6 and AN / BRC-6, issued by crew members from launchers of anti-GAS countermeasures [4] /.

Among the means of warning about an underwater vehicle accident via a hydroacoustic channel, the literature [5] mentions the MGS-29 and MGS-30 devices that perform the functions of underwater beacons, while the first of them can function up to a depth of 500 meters, the second - up to a depth of 6000 meters.

More detailed information from the emergency submarine is reported via the hydroacoustic channel by a device protected by patent No. 2235345 [6] Information according to the data of three types of sensors (water, fire, radiation) of this beacon, installed in the central and end compartments of the submarine, is transmitted in real time into the marine environment using a hydroacoustic emitter, also installed on board the submarine. The design of this "accident messenger", proposed in this patent and adopted as a prototype in the submitted application, makes it possible to determine its location from the bearings of the operating beacon, and from the signals emitted to establish the nature and suggest possible causes of the accident, and then plan the appropriate measures to provide assistance emergency facility.

A significant disadvantage of the above analogs should be considered the need for mechanical control of the recoil (release) of the beacon by the crew, which may be impracticable for various reasons, including the lack of appropriate capabilities of the personnel, as well as the insufficient length of the cable-cable connecting the emergency facility with a buoy. In addition, the above devices do not provide for the possibility of determining and transmitting information about the chemical composition of the air inside the emergency vehicle, which may have an adverse effect on the capability of the crew.

The technical result of the invention is to eliminate the shortcomings of analogs and the prototype in the course of providing the leading search forces and means with more complete information about the causes of the accident, the technical state of the emergency facility in real time, as well as automating this process and realizing the possibility of establishing one- or two-way contact by using two , namely, hydroacoustic and radio channels.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that, firstly, the composition of the onboard elements, namely the sensors of the physical fields of the prototype device, includes a sensor of the chemical composition of the air inside the underwater object and, secondly, the electronic units of the main onboard and autonomous outboard parts included elements of receiving-emitting hydroacoustic and radio channels with switches for operating modes of receiving-transmitting, which made it possible to establish a two-way simplex communication between the crew members of the emergency vehicle with rescue systems.

A functional diagram of the device, structurally consisting of two parts (onboard A and outboard autonomous B), is shown in Fig. 1.

The onboard part of the device includes:

- sensors for water, temperature, radiation, chemical composition of air 1, 2, 3, 4

- modulator 5;

- block of hydroacoustic radiation of the beacon 6;

- program block 7;

- on-board transfer and reception switch 8;

- receiving block 9;

- microphone and telephone unit 10;

- receiving-emitting hydroacoustic antenna 11;

- unit for issuing sonar buoy 12;

- power supply unit onboard part of the beacon 13;

The autonomous part of the beacon design is a close analogue of a radio sonic buoy (RGAB), which allows providing both one-way and two-way duplex communication options and includes the following elements:

- switch of reception and transmission RGAB 14;

- the receiving-emitting unit of the hydroacoustic channel 16;

- the receiving-emitting unit of the radio channel 15;

- radio antenna 17,

- hydroacoustic antenna 18;

- power supply unit 19.

The device functions as follows.

In the worst case, i.e. when the underwater vehicle sank and the personnel died, the device automatically starts up with the transition to X mode. The coded signal from one or more sensors 1, 2, 3, 4 of physical fields, exceeding the permissible parameters of which accompanies an emergency, starts the power unit 13 and program unit 7, which supply power and control the operation of units 5, 6, 8, 11, 12 of the onboard part of the beacon A, and unit 12 releases the autonomous part of the beacon B (RGAB) and turns on the units 14-19, which provide in the mode "Hydroacoustic reception-radio emission" broadcast by radio channel in a special frequency range of emergency signals emitted by the hydroacoustic antenna of the onboard part of device A. When an emergency signal is received by means of the ACC, the latter take measures to access the radio or hydroacoustic contact and establish communication with the emergency underwater vehicle according to the scheme: "ACC radio transmitter - radio channel - blocks 17, 15, 14, 16, 18 RGAB - hydroacoustic Yesky channel - blocks 11, 8, 9, 10 of the side part of the lighthouse A.

If there are capable crew members, they can independently enter the operation mode of the device with the installation of two-way simplex communication (mode Z) according to the scheme: a) in reception mode: units 17, 15, 14, 15, 18 of the autonomous unit (RGAB) - units 11, 8, 9, 10 (telephone) of the onboard part;

b) in transmission mode: blocks 10 (microphone), 5, 6, 8, 11 of the onboard part - hydroacoustic channel - blocks 18, 16, 14, 15, 17 of an autonomous unit (RGAB) - radio channel - ACC radio receiver.

A comparative analysis of the proposed device with the prototype shows that the time required to search for an emergency vehicle using the proposed two-channel emergency beacon of a manned underwater vehicle, as well as (the main comparison criterion) for making a decision on the choice of means and methods of rendering assistance to rescue crews, can turn out to be significantly less than when searching with the help of modern instruments accepted for use as intended.

Sources of information

1. Description of the emergency buoy A.N. Ovchinnikov. "Shipbuilding" No. 3, 2011, p. 29.

2. Patent No. 2532290 RF ..

3. Kuligin AM, Belyankin EG, Golovko IE .. Devices and means of warning about accidents of submarines and communication with its personnel. "Shipbuilding" No. 7, 2006

4. Katanovich A.A. Emergency system of the VKS of the Navy. "Shipbuilding", No. 6, 2000, p. 40.

5. Hydroacoustic signaling device MGS-30. LU 1. 150014, 1984 one hundred. 3-17.

6. Hydroacoustic beacon for an emergency submarine. Patent No. 2235345 RF ,, 2005

Claims (1)

A two-channel emergency beacon of an underwater manned vehicle, including sensors of physical fields indicating signs of an emergency, such as the flow of seawater, an increase in temperature, pressure and radioactivity, the appearance of an open fire associated with the hydroacoustic path of the emission of coded signals, characterized in that in the composition of its on-board elements includes a sensor of the chemical composition of air, switches for the "reception-transmission" operating modes and a microphone-telephone unit, and an autonomous outboard unit in the form of a pop-up buoy - receiving-emitting radio and hydroacoustic channels with radio and sonar antennas, as well as a switch "Reception-transmission".

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