RU2734492C1 - Seismic survey complex - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: physics.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to marine seismic exploration and geophysics and can be used for underwater 2D, 3D, 4D seismic investigations all year round on water areas, both without ice cover and covered with ice. Seismic survey complex is robot-technical, and the ship is equipped with a hoisting device and seismic equipment made in the form of separate modules, such as hardware modules and a seismic survey control module. Hardware modules include buoyancy units, distribution devices, anchor devices, storage battery units, thrusters for stabilization in the water column, receiving devices and outlet devices for reception of autonomous unmanned underwater vehicles and control sets of vehicles. Also, some hardware modules include independent unmanned underwater vehicles receivers, other self-contained unmanned underwater apparatus radiators. Sets of apparatus control comprise gripping and parking devices, as well as data transmission devices and accumulator batteries charging devices. Control of hardware modules and seismic investigations is carried out through a seismic survey control module. In order to carry out seismic survey, hardware modules are lowered to underwater position by means of cargo device from ship, then they are installed with the help of anchor device. After that, automatic unattended underwater vehicles are launched in automatic mode to perform a seismic survey mission. After the mission is completed, the apparatuses are returned to the hardware modules, where they are received into the control sets of the apparatus, followed by reading the seismic data, diagnostics of control systems of the apparatus and charging of their accumulator batteries.

EFFECT: technical result is higher efficiency of seismic exploration.

5 cl, 8 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of marine seismic exploration of underwater mineral deposits, and can be used for underwater multidimensional seismic exploration both in areas open from ice and covered with ice all year round or most of the year.

It is known "Research icebreaking vessel for seismic exploration using 3D technology in the Arctic seas" (Patent RU No. 2549303 С2 IPC: G01V 1/38, В63В 35/08, В63В 35/00), in the body of which seismic equipment is located, a mine for production seismic streamer, shaft for lowering and lifting a self-propelled autonomous unmanned underwater vehicle with a source of acoustic waves.

The disadvantage of this technical solution is that it requires the development of a new design of such an icebreaking vessel, which does not depend on ice conditions, to work with this seismic technology. The design and construction of a new icebreaking vessel is costly. Another disadvantage for such a new design of an icebreaking vessel is the use of only bottom seismic streamers without the possibility of towing streamers in the upper layers of water.

It is known "A seismographic vessel for seismic exploration using 2D technology in the Arctic seas, regardless of ice conditions" (Patent RU No. 2539430 С2 IPC: G01V 1/38, В63В 21/66, В63В 35/08), equipped with hydroacoustic emitters and a towed streamer manufactured with by means of retractable structures installed in vertical shafts in the bottom of the vessel outside the zone of ice impact.

The disadvantage of this technical solution is that the seismographic vessel is designed to operate only using 2D seismic technology. Another disadvantage is the development of an expensive new vessel for such a narrow segment of 2D seismic surveys in ice conditions, without the possibility of 3D, as well as 4D seismic surveys.

Known "Complex for towing outboard seismic equipment" (Patent RU No. 2427860 C1 IPC: G01V 1/38) taken as a prototype containing a vessel having a hull with a deck, bottom and stern end, having a stern transom and seismic winches, to which seismic equipment is made in the form of seismographic streamers and lines of seismic pneumatic sources, for the release of each of which pipe channels are made in the aft end of the vessel.

The disadvantage of this complex is that when bleeding seismic equipment, in the form of seismographic streamers and lines of seismic pneumatic sources, through the pipe channels at the aft end below the waterline, no diverting devices are provided that are installed on seismographic streamers and lines of seismic pneumatic sources, without which dilution to the rear seismic equipment distance in accordance with the inherent tasks of seismic studies is impossible. When installing distributing devices on seismographic streamers and lines of seismic pneumatic sources, the proposed design with pipe channels will not ensure their passage through the pipe channels. In addition, for the production of seismographic streamers of greater length, more than 500 meters, directional stability stabilization devices are additionally installed on the seismographic streamers to control the distances between seismographic streamers, which are not provided in this design, and their installation will not ensure the passage of seismographic streamers through the pipe channels. Also, without placing distribution devices on seismographic streamers and lines of seismic pneumatic sources released behind the stern of the vessel, and given that the distances between the pipe channels below the waterline at the stern end of the vessel are probably very small, of the order of one meter, there is a high probability of entanglement, breakage and loss of all released seismic equipment, especially if we take into account that a vessel must be of the ice class to pass through the ice, and the vessel of the ice class, depending on ice conditions, moves periodically in the “start-stop” mode, which will not ensure a stable towing speed of the outboard seismic equipment. In addition, for a stable towing speed of the outboard equipment of this complex in ice conditions, it is possible to propose the use of an icebreaker in front, creating a channel with broken ice for the following vessel following it, but such a solution for seismic research is even more economically unprofitable and expensive. Thus, the release of seismographic streamers provided for by this design will lead to unacceptable work of constructing a seismic array from seismographic streamers in the water column, and as a result to ineffective seismic exploration to obtain high-quality data on the structure of the earth's crust. As a result, the technical solution of the complex and the costs of re-equipping the vessel for a complex for towing outboard equipment will not allow increasing the efficiency of marine seismic exploration during the operation of this complex in the waters both with ice cover and in open water.

The objective of the proposed invention will allow to achieve a new technical result - to increase the efficiency of the complex operation, due to the compactness of the seismic survey complex, conduct 2D, 3D, 4D seismic studies year-round in the water areas, both without ice cover and covered with ice, also by automating the deployment of the seismic equipment of the complex seismic exploration with the release and reception of autonomous unmanned underwater vehicles in robotic mode, for the assigned tasks of seismic research, which will significantly reduce the personnel serving the seismic survey complex. The seismic complex will allow 2D, 3D, 4D seismic surveys from any vessel or ice-class vessel, for example, an ice-class support vessel with a cargo device and a cargo deck at the aft end, without significant costs for re-equipment of the vessel for placement on the deck of modular seismic equipment. Also, the invention will reduce the time spent on the movement of the vessel in ice conditions during seismic surveys, since the vessel is in the "stop" mode during seismic surveys, which will increase the safety of the personnel providing management of the seismic survey complex in the seismic mode. Additionally, the invention will reduce the time required to build a seismic array for studying the area under study, thereby reducing the time required for seismic exploration and increasing the efficiency of seismic operations.

The task is achieved by the fact that the seismic exploration complex contains a ship and seismic equipment, and the seismic exploration complex is robotic, the ship is equipped with a lifting device, and the seismic equipment is made in the form of separate modules, from at least one receiver hardware module, at least one transmitter hardware module , and at least one seismic control module. Moreover, the receiver hardware module and the emitter hardware module are equipped with buoyancy blocks, a distribution device, at least one anchor device, at least one battery pack, represented in the form of an anchor device weight, at least one thruster for stabilization in the thickness water, and at least one set of control of the device, in turn, equipped with a capture and parking device, as well as a data transmission device and a battery charger. Moreover, the receiver hardware module is equipped with at least one receiving device, and at least one outlet device, in turn equipped with vertical and horizontal guides with a drive, for the possibility of moving and servicing the control kits of the apparatus. And also the receiver hardware module is equipped with at least one autonomous unmanned underwater vehicle receiver, which in turn is equipped with at least one seismic receiver. And the transmitter hardware module is equipped with at least one receiving device, at least one outlet device and at least one autonomous unmanned underwater vehicle transmitter, in turn equipped with at least one source of seismic vibrations. Also, the autonomous unmanned underwater vehicle receiver and the autonomous unmanned underwater vehicle emitter are made with the possibility of laying on the bottom. And the receiver hardware module and the emitter hardware module are made with the possibility of placement in the water column, and the possibility of connecting their switchgear to the seismic exploration control module using a communication line, in the form of a power and control cable.

Also, the data transmission device and the battery charger are made contactless.

The horizontal guides are driven electrically.

The seismic receiver is made in the form of a hydrophone.

The source of seismic vibrations is made non-explosive air-independent.

The essence of the claimed complex of seismic exploration is illustrated by drawings, where:

- in Fig. 1 shows an isometric view of the general view of the vessel with the seismic complex modules located at the stern;

- in Fig. 2 shows an isometric view of the general view of the modules of the seismic survey complex deployed from the ship;

- in Fig. 3 is an isometric view of the emitter hardware module;

- in Fig. 4 is an isometric view of the receiver hardware module;

- in Fig. 5 is an isometric view of the receiver hardware module control kit;

- in Fig. 6 is a side view of the receiver hardware module control kit;

- in Fig. 7 shows an isometric view of the receiver of the receiver hardware module, equipped with vertical and horizontal guides with a drive, for example, electric, for the possibility of moving and servicing by the receiver at least one set of control of the apparatus.

- in Fig. 8 shows an isometric view of the outlet of the receiver hardware module, provided with vertical and horizontal guides with a drive, for example, electric, for the possibility of moving and servicing the outlet device of at least one set of control of the apparatus.

The seismic exploration complex made robotic (Fig. 1, 2) consists of a vessel 1 equipped with a lifting device 2, seismic equipment is made in the form of separate modules, from at least one hardware module of the receiver 3 (Fig. 4), at least one hardware emitter module 4 (Fig. 3), and at least one seismic control module 5 (Fig. 1, 2). Moreover, the receiver hardware module 3 and the emitter hardware module 4 are equipped with buoyancy blocks 6, a distribution device 7, at least one anchor device 8, at least one battery pack 9, represented as a load of an anchor device 8, at least one a thruster 10 for stabilization in the water column, and at least one control set for the apparatus 11 (Figs. 5, 6), in turn equipped with a gripping and parking device 12, as well as a data transmission device 13 and a battery charger 14. Moreover, the receiver hardware module 3 is equipped with at least one receiving device 15, and at least one outlet device 16, in turn equipped with vertical 17 and horizontal 18 guides with a drive 19, for the possibility of moving and servicing the control kits of the apparatus 11 (Fig. . 7, 8), as well as the receiver 3 hardware module is equipped with at least one autonomous neo by the receiver 20 to be damaged by the underwater vehicle, which in turn is equipped with at least one seismic receiver 21 (Fig. 5, 6). A hardware module emitter 4 (Fig. 3) is equipped with at least one receiving device 22, at least one outlet device 23, and at least one autonomous unmanned underwater vehicle emitter 24, in turn equipped with at least one one source of seismic vibrations 25. Also, the autonomous unmanned underwater vehicle receiver 20 and the autonomous unmanned underwater vehicle emitter 24 are made with the possibility of laying on the bottom. And the receiver hardware module 3 and the emitter hardware module 4 are made with the possibility of placement in the water column, and the possibility of connecting their switchgear 7 (Fig. 3, 4) with the seismic exploration control module 5 using the communication line 26 (Fig. 2), in the form power and control cable.

The data transmission device 13 and the battery charger 14 are made contactless.

The drive 19 of the horizontal 18 guides is electric.

The seismic receiver 21 is made in the form of a hydrophone.

The source of seismic vibrations 25 is made non-explosive air-independent.

The seismic complex operates as follows:

The area of seismic studies with the necessary technology for the application of seismic exploration (2D, 3D, 4D seismic exploration) is determined, and the number of hardware modules of receivers 3 and hardware modules of emitters 4 in seismic exploration is determined. The number of hardware modules of receivers 3 and hardware modules of emitters 4 depends on the scale and technology of seismic operations on a certain seismic survey area, which determines the number of used autonomous unmanned underwater vehicles of receivers 20 and autonomous unmanned underwater vehicles of emitters 24 involved in seismic exploration missions on a given area of the seabed. The vessel 1 is loaded with hardware modules of receivers 3, hardware modules of emitters 4 and a seismic survey control module 5 of the seismic survey complex at the base of the vessel 1 with the further transition of vessel 1 to the specified area of seismic operations.

The seismic survey area for the seismic exploration complex can be both free of ice and covered with ice all year round. If there is solid ice in the investigated area, an ice-class vessel must be used to deliver the seismic complex.

The operation of the seismic prospecting complex as a whole occurs from the descent alternately of the hardware modules of the receivers 3 and the hardware modules of the emitters 4 from the vessel 1 by the cargo device 2 to the underwater position in the seismic survey zone. Descent of hardware modules of receivers 3 and hardware modules of emitters 4 is carried out in the mode without ship 1. In case of the presence of solid ice, before descent of hardware modules of receivers 3 and hardware modules of emitters 4, an ice-class vessel 1 must make a maneuver at the place of descent of hardware modules of receivers 3 and hardware modules of emitters 4 to form a free window without ice.

Further, after the descent of the hardware modules of the receivers 3 and the hardware modules of the emitters 4, the hardware modules using the anchor device 8 are installed at a given depth in the water column. Hardware modules receivers 3 and hardware modules of emitters 4, when the weight of the anchor device 8 is installed on the bottom, acquire positive buoyancy due to their buoyancy blocks 6, followed by the docking of cargo device 2 from hardware modules of receivers 3 and hardware modules of emitters 4.

The seismic control module 5 is based on the vessel 1. From the seismic control module 5, the hardware modules of the receivers 3 and the hardware modules of the emitters 4 are controlled through the switchgear 7. The hardware modules of the receivers 3 and the hardware modules of the emitters 4, as well as their power supply, are controlled through the line communication 26, in the form of a power cable and control from the ship 1, through the seismic exploration control module 5. Through the battery packs 9, backup power is provided for the hardware modules of the receivers 3 and the hardware modules of the emitters 4, where the battery packs 9 are presented as a load of anchor devices 8.

After installing the hardware modules of receivers 3 and hardware modules of emitters 4 in the water column at a given depth, if necessary, the hardware modules of receivers 3 and hardware modules of emitters 4 are stabilized using thrusters 10. Also thrusters 10 stabilize them in the operating mode of release and reception autonomous unmanned underwater vehicles 20 receivers, and autonomous unmanned underwater vehicles emitters 24.

Further, in automatic mode, from the hardware modules of receivers 3 and hardware modules of emitters 4, in accordance with the mission of seismic operations in the seismic exploration control module 5, autonomous unmanned underwater vehicles of receivers 20 with seismic receivers 21 and autonomous unmanned underwater vehicles of emitters 24 with seismic sources are launched. oscillations 25. The launch of the autonomous unmanned underwater vehicles receivers 20 and the autonomous unmanned underwater vehicles of the emitters 24 is carried out from the corresponding control kits of the vehicles 11, using the outlet devices 16, 23, after unlocking the capture and parking device 12.

When performing a seismic mission for autonomous uninhabited underwater vehicles, receivers 20 and autonomous uninhabited underwater vehicles, emitters 24 can be assigned the task of laying on the bottom.

After the seismic mission is completed, the autonomous unmanned underwater vehicles 20 receivers and the autonomous unmanned underwater vehicles emitters 24 return and aim at the corresponding receivers 15, 22 of the receiver hardware modules 3 and the emitter hardware modules 4. The corresponding receivers 15, 22 direct the autonomous unmanned underwater vehicles receivers 20 and autonomous unmanned underwater vehicles emitters 24 in the control kits of the vehicles 11, where they are fixed by the capture and parking devices 12.

Receiving devices 15 and outlet devices 16 of the hardware module of the receiver 3, in turn, are equipped with vertical 17 and horizontal 18 guides with a drive 19, for the possibility of moving and servicing more than one set of control devices 11.

Further, in the control kits of the vehicles 11, the data transmission devices 13 read the seismic data receivers 20 in the autonomous unmanned underwater vehicles, diagnose the control systems, and also lay the new mission in them, and in the autonomous unmanned underwater vehicles emitters 24 perform the diagnostics of the control systems and new mission.

In turn, the battery charging devices 14 charge the batteries of the autonomous unmanned underwater vehicles of the receivers 20 and the autonomous unmanned underwater vehicles of the emitters 24.

Also, the data transmission device 13 can transmit data, and the battery charger 14 can charge the batteries, contactlessly.

After charging the batteries of autonomous unmanned underwater vehicles of receivers 20, and autonomous unmanned underwater vehicles of emitters 24 and data exchange with the seismic exploration control module 5, a new mission of seismic exploration can be laid in them, followed by their launch and reception from / to the hardware modules of receivers 3 and hardware emitter modules 4, without lifting hardware modules of receivers 3 and hardware modules of emitters 4 on board ship 1.

Upon completion of the seismic survey in the study area, a seismic survey complex is collected with the loading of hardware modules of receivers 3 and hardware modules of emitters 4 onto ship 1, in general, in the order of the reverse descent.

The efficiency of the seismic prospecting complex will allow achieving a new technical result - an increase in the efficiency of the complex operation, due to the compactness of the seismic prospecting complex, conducting 2D, 3D, 4D seismic studies year-round in the water areas, both without ice cover and covered with ice, also by automating the deployment of the seismic equipment of the complex seismic exploration with the release and reception of autonomous unmanned underwater vehicles in robotic mode, for the assigned tasks of seismic research, which will significantly reduce the personnel serving the seismic survey complex. The seismic complex will allow 2D, 3D, 4D seismic surveys from any vessel or ice-class vessel, for example, an ice-class support vessel with a cargo device and a cargo deck at the aft end, without significant costs for re-equipment of the vessel for placement on the deck of modular seismic equipment. Also, the invention will reduce the time spent on the movement of the vessel in ice conditions during seismic surveys, since the vessel is in the "stop" mode during seismic surveys, which will increase the safety of the personnel providing management of the seismic survey complex in the seismic mode. Additionally, the invention will reduce the time required to build a seismic array for studying the area under study, thereby reducing the time required for seismic exploration and increasing the efficiency of seismic operations.

Claims (5)

1. A seismic exploration complex containing a ship and seismic equipment, characterized in that the seismic exploration complex is robotic, the ship is equipped with a lifting device, and the seismic equipment is made in the form of separate modules, from at least one receiver hardware module, at least one transmitter hardware module and at least one seismic exploration control module, and the receiver hardware module and the transmitter hardware module are equipped with buoyancy units, a distribution device, at least one anchor device, at least one battery pack represented as an anchor device load, at least one bow thruster for stabilization in the water column and at least one set of control of the device, in turn equipped with a capture and parking device, as well as a data transmission device and a battery charger, and the receiver hardware module is equipped with at least one receiving device and at least one outlet device, in turn equipped with vertical and horizontal guides with a drive, for the possibility of moving and servicing the control kits of the apparatus, and the receiver hardware module is equipped with at least one autonomous unmanned underwater vehicle receiver, in in turn equipped with at least one seismic receiver, and the transmitter hardware module is equipped with at least one receiver, at least one outlet device and at least one autonomous unmanned underwater vehicle, the transmitter, in turn, equipped with at least one source of seismic vibrations , also an autonomous unmanned underwater vehicle receiver and an autonomous unmanned underwater vehicle the emitter are made with the possibility of laying on the bottom, and the hardware module of the receiver and the hardware module of the emitter are made with the possibility of placing in the water column and the connection of their switchgear with the seismic survey control module using a communication line, in the form of a power and control cable. 2. A seismic survey complex according to claim 1, characterized in that the data transmission device and the battery charger are non-contact. 3. The seismic survey complex according to claim 1, characterized in that the drive of the horizontal guides is electric. 4. The seismic survey complex according to claim 1, characterized in that the seismic receiver is made in the form of a hydrophone. 5. Complex of seismic exploration according to claim 1, characterized in that the source of seismic vibrations is made non-explosive air-independent.

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