RU2730136C1 - Reinforcement rope (embodiments) and method of manufacturing thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: manufacturing technology.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to rope production. According to embodiment 1 of the right or left conduit reinforcement cable consists of a core, which is a wire with diameter of 0.4÷3 mm, and arranged around it four wires with diameter of 1÷7 mm, wherein rope spinning pitch ranges from 6 to 18 diameters of said circumference. According to embodiment 2 of the right or left lay, the reinforcement rope consists of a core representing rope of 2÷3 wires of identical diameter, and arranged around it 2÷3 wires of identical diameter, laid in recesses between core wires with linear touch, wherein said pitch of core and outer wires is identical and ranges from 6 to 18 diameters of described circumference of rope, while diameter of wires varies from 1 to 7 mm. According to embodiment 3, the reinforcement rope consists of a core representing a rope of four wires of the right or left conduit, besides, around two wires of the same diameter, winding of two more wires of the same diameter, laid in the recesses between the wires, as well as four wires arranged around cable-core, laid in troughs between core wires with linear touch, at that pitch of core and outer wires twisting is identical and is in range from 6 to 18 diameters of described circumference of rope, and diameter of wires varies from 1 to 7 mm. According to embodiment 4, the reinforcement rope consists of a core, which is a preformed coiled rope of five right or left wire wires, wherein around one wire is winding four wires of identical diameter or alternating two diameters, as well as four wires around core cable, laid in cavities between core wires with linear touch, wherein said pitch of core and outer wires is identical and ranges from 6 to 18 diameters of described circumference of rope, while diameter of wires varies from 1 to 7 mm. Method of producing a reinforcement rope comprises making a rope from wire of round cross-section or with a periodic profile, which are twisted by means of a rope machine, wherein in the twist assembly a template and an intermediate guide and a distributing device are used, providing arrangement of wires and the required angle relative to the twist axis so that the wires of the outer layer are laid in the core-core or around the core-core cores with a uniform layer, after the twisting assembly, the rope is compacted by means of a fixed or rotating device representing a detachable or monolithic gauge, or a cutter, or a die, or a bushing.EFFECT: invention can be used in production of prestressed cable fixtures used in production of prestressed reinforced concrete articles and building structures in civil and industrial construction.9 cl, 5 dwg

Description

The invention relates to rope production and can be used in the production of prestressed rope fittings used in the production of prestressed reinforced concrete products and building structures in civil and industrial construction.

Known seven-wire reinforcing rope construction 1 + 6 according to GOST R 53772-2010, consisting of a central wire with a smooth surface and six wires with a smooth or corrugated surface, wound around the central wire in a spiral in one layer. The coiled rope can be plastically compressed.

The disadvantage of the seven-wire design of the reinforcing rope is the small depth of the depressions on the surface of the rope between the outer wires. This causes insufficient adhesion force of the reinforcing rope to the concrete in relation to the compression reaction of the stressed rope, which is expressed in the helical displacement of the outer wires along the impression in concrete. The presence of a periodic profile (corrugation) on the outer wires with a depth of no more than 0.1 mm improves adhesion to concrete, but not very significantly.

Another disadvantage of this design is the limited range of diameters of the reinforcing rope - from 6.9 mm to 18.0 mm, which prevents the use of this design in reinforced concrete products of small cross-section.

Known reinforcing rope designs 1 + 6 + 2, 1 + 6 + 3, 1 + 8 + 4, 1 + 9 + 3 (patents RU 2431024 C2 dated 07.12.2009, RU 2543400 C1 dated 08.08.2013), consisting of a central wire and wound around it in a spiral in two concentric layers of winding wires, subjected to plastic compression after lay, which ensures the formation of high ridges of concrete in the rope valleys, which significantly improve the anchoring properties of stressed reinforcement in concrete.

The disadvantage of this design is the complexity of forming the structure, which requires the use of a special roller rotating gauge, which reduces the performance of the rope equipment.

Also, the disadvantage of this design is the need to reduce the diameter of the wires in comparison with the design 1 + 6, which, for ropes comparable in cross-sectional area and strength, leads to an increase in the cost of production of reinforcing ropes of designs 1 + 6 + 2, 1 + 6 + 3, 1 + 8 + 4, 1 + 9 + 3.

The closest is a reinforcing rope (inventor's certificate SU1744216A1 dated 05/07/90), containing a central wire and wires of the same diameter wound around it or wires of different diameters interlaced. In this case, the central wire contains rounded longitudinal grooves located along a helical line with a pitch corresponding to the pitch of the outer wires.

The disadvantage of this design is the complexity of manufacturing the central wire of the shaped profile, the grooves of which must exactly correspond to the diameter of the outer wires included in these grooves.

The objective of the invention is to create a reinforcing rope structure that provides a higher adhesion to concrete than a standard seven-wire reinforcing rope of the K7 (1 + 6) structure, while the complexity and production cost should increase slightly, and the equipment used and its level of performance should remain the same.

In all known designs of reinforcing ropes, the adhesion of the rope to concrete is increased by one (or more) of the following methods:

- an increase in the number of wires in the rope with a simultaneous decrease in their cross-section;

- changing the shape of the wire (triangle, oval, polygon, groove profiling);

- reduction of the cross-sectional profile to the form in which the spirally twisted rope forms high "ridges" of concrete, providing good adhesion in the axial direction (from circle to oval, square, triangle);

- changes in lay steps to obtain local thickenings of the rope that serve as anchors in concrete.

The simplest and most technologically advanced method to increase the adhesion of a reinforcing rope to concrete can be to change the profile of the cross-section of the rope.

This problem is solved by the fact that the reinforcing rope of the right or left lay, consisting of a core, which is a wire with a diameter of 0.4 ÷ 3 mm and four wires of the same diameter 1 ÷ 7 mm located around it, while the pitch of the rope is in the range from 6 up to 18 diameters of the circumscribed rope circle, (K5).

Also, the reinforcing rope of the right or left lay can be made of a core, which is a rope of 2 ÷ 3 wires of the same diameter and 2 ÷ 3 wires of the same diameter located around it, laid in the depressions between the wires of the core with a linear touch, while the pitch of the core and outer the wires are the same and are in the range from 6 to 18 diameters of the circumscribed circle of the rope, and the diameter of the wires varies from 1 to 7 mm (K4, K6).

Also, the reinforcing rope can be made of a core, which is a rope of four wires of the right or left lay, and around two wires of the same diameter, two more wires of the same diameter are wound, laid in the hollows between the wires, as well as located around the core rope of four wires laid in the depressions between the wires of the core with linear contact, while the pitch of the core and the outer wires is the same and is in the range from 6 to 18 diameters of the circumscribed rope circle, and the diameter of the wires varies from 1 to 7 mm, (K8).

Also, the reinforcing rope can be made of a core, which is a pre-twisted rope of five wires of the right or left lay, and around one wire four wires of the same diameter or alternating two diameters are wound, as well as four wires located around the core rope, laid into the cavities between the core wires with linear contact, while the pitch of the core and the outer wires is the same and is in the range from 6 to 18 diameters of the circumscribed rope circle, and the wire diameter varies from 1 to 7 mm (K9).

At the same time, for the manufacture of reinforcing rope, wires with a periodic profile can be used, the diameter of the core wires may differ from the diameters of the outer wires, the wire rope can be made of high-carbon or alloy steel grades coated with another metal or alloy.

Also, the problem is solved by the fact that the method for the production of a reinforcing rope includes the production of a rope from a wire of a circular cross-section or with a periodic profile, which are twisted using a rope-twisting machine, while a template and an intermediate guide and distributor device are used in the twisting unit, which ensures the location of the wires and an angle relative to the lay axis in such a way that the wires of the outer layer are laid in the grooves of the rope - the core or around the wire - the core in a uniform layer, after the lay unit, the rope is compacted by means of a stationary or rotating device, which is a split or monolithic gauge, or a die, or a drag, or bushing.

The invention is illustrated by drawings.

FIG. 1 schematically shows the appearance of a rope of construction K5 (1 + 4). Rope design K5 (1 + 4) (Fig. 1), consisting of four wires of the same diameter, twisted around the central wire. The lay pitch of the outer wires is the same and is in the range from 6 to 18 diameters of the circumscribed rope circle. The range of lay steps determines the geometric and strength parameters of the reinforcing rope. If the lay spacing is close to 18, then the rope can have the maximum possible strength characteristics, but the characteristics of adhesion to concrete will be minimal. Conversely, the smaller the lay pitch, the more spirals (ridges) per unit of rope length and the better the adhesion to concrete. But, this will require a wire with lower strength characteristics. It is always a compromise between strength properties and requirements for adhesion to concrete. The center wire diameter ranges from 0.4mm to 3mm. The diameter of the outer wires varies from 1 mm to 7 mm. The choice of the range for the diameter of the wires is due to the design of the rope and technological features of the equipment. This combination of parameters provides a tight adhesion of the core and the wires of the outer layer without slipping the central wire during tension, and the embossed outer contour creates good conditions for adhesion to concrete. Moreover, the construction of the rope is simple. In addition, it is possible to manufacture a small-section reinforcing rope for effective reinforcement of small-sized and thin-walled prestressed reinforced concrete products (concrete goods).

FIG. 2 and 3 schematically show the structures of the rope K4 (2 + 2) and K6 (3 + 3), respectively.

Rope designs K4 (2 + 2) (Fig. 2) and K6 (3 + 3) (Fig. 3) are a core consisting of two or three wires, respectively, and two or three wires located around it. In this case, the wires of the outer layer fit into the depressions between the wires of the core with linear contact. The pitch of the wires and the diameter of the circumscribed circle of the rope are similar to the K5 rope. In this case, the diameter of the core wires may differ from the diameters of the outer layers. The pitch of the wires of each layer is the same and is in the range from 6 to 18 diameters of the circumscribed rope circle. The diameter of the wires varies from 1 mm to 7 mm. These designs differ from K5 and K7 in the absence of a central wire. The core here is two- and three-wire rope, respectively. These structures have even higher adhesion characteristics to concrete than the K5 structure. This allows you to fully use the strength characteristics of the reinforcing rope, increasing the tension of the ropes in a reinforced concrete product, which, in turn, will increase the bearing capacity of a reinforced concrete product, or reduce the metal consumption of a reinforced concrete product. Also, the increased adhesion to concrete will increase the productivity of the off-form molding lines by reducing the time to build up the transfer strength.

FIG. 4 schematically shows the structure of the rope K8 (2 + 2 + 4).

The structure of the K8 (2 + 2 + 4) rope consists of eight wires. The core is a K4 (2 + 2) rope with four wires wound into its troughs. In this case, the diameter of the core wires may differ from the diameters of the wires of the outer layer. The pitch of the wires of each layer is the same and is in the range from 6 to 18 diameters of the circumscribed rope circle. The diameter of the wires varies from 1 mm to 7 mm. The advantage of this design is the ability to manufacture reinforcing ropes with a cross-section and strength comparable to expensive compressed ropes of the K7 design, but, at the same time, with a much more developed contour of adhesion to concrete, which expands the range of possible reinforced concrete structures, increases the strength properties of reinforced concrete products, or allows to reduce the material consumption of reinforced concrete products, and also increases the productivity of equipment for the production of concrete products by reducing the time for gaining transfer strength. FIG. 5 schematically shows the structure of the rope K9 (1 + 4 + 4).

The structure of the K9 (1 + 4 + 4) rope consists of nine wires. The core is a K5 (1 + 4) rope, in the troughs of which four wires are wound. In this case, the diameter of the core wires may differ from the diameters of the outer layers. The pitch of the wires of each layer is the same and is in the range from 6 to 18 diameters of the circumscribed rope circle. The center wire diameter ranges from 0.4mm to 3mm. The diameter of the wires varies from 1 mm to 7 mm. The advantage of this design is the ability to manufacture reinforcing ropes with a cross-section and strength comparable to expensive compressed ropes of the K7 design, but, at the same time, with a much more developed contour of adhesion to concrete, which expands the range of possible reinforced concrete structures, increases the strength properties of reinforced concrete products, or allows to reduce the material consumption of reinforced concrete products, and also increases the productivity of equipment for the production of concrete products by reducing the time for gaining transfer strength.

Explanation for all types of ropes presented:

The resistance of concrete to shear and crushing forces is caused by protrusions and other irregularities on the surface of the reinforcement, i.e. mechanical coupling of reinforcement to concrete provides about 75% of the total adhesion of reinforcement to concrete.

The proposed designs are superior to those known in terms of the anchoring area, which characterizes adhesion to concrete.

To improve the performance of the rope, the wires for its production can have a periodic profile to further increase the adhesion to concrete. Coating with another metal or alloy allows you to give the rope additional characteristics: corrosion protection, the ability to apply a deeper periodic profile to increase adhesion to concrete. Depending on the requirements for the rope, wires for its production can be made of high-carbon or alloy steel grades

The production method of the proposed rope structure consists of a sequence of actions. The first is the breeding of wires of various layers (layers) using a new template design. If, in the manufacture of 7-wire or 3-wire rope, the wires of the outer layer in front of the lay cone pass through concentric holes located at the same distance from the lay axis, then in our proposal the design is changed to distribute the wires into two layers included in the lay unit under different angles, and directions (orientation) of the wires along the circumference of the rope to the intended place. Those. To position the wires of the outer layer into the recesses of the wires of the core (inner layer), it is required to pass the wire through the hole in the outer ring of the template, offset from the inner holes. Thus, the proposed types of ropes and their manufacturing technology allow for a higher adhesion to concrete than a standard seven-wire reinforcing rope of the K7 (1 + 6) structure, as well as expanding the range of diameters, cross-sections, strength groups of reinforcing ropes to increase the flexibility of use in reinforced concrete products, while the complexity and production cost are at a comparable level, and the equipment and its level of productivity remain the same.

Claims (9)

1. Reinforcing rope of right or left lay, consisting of a core, which is a wire with a diameter of 0.4 ÷ 3 mm, and located around it four wires of the same diameter 1 ÷ 7 mm, while the pitch of the rope is in the range from 6 to 18 diameters described the circumference of the rope. 2. Reinforcing rope of right or left lay, consisting of a core, which is a rope of 2 ÷ 3 wires of the same diameter, and 2 ÷ 3 wires of the same diameter located around it, laid in the depressions between the core wires with linear contact, while the pitch of the core lay and the outer wires is the same and is in the range from 6 to 18 diameters of the circumscribed circle of the rope, and the diameter of the wires varies from 1 to 7 mm. 3. Reinforcing rope, consisting of a core, which is a rope of four wires of the right or left lay, and around two wires of the same diameter two more wires of the same diameter are wound, laid in the hollows between the wires, and also located around the core rope of four wires, laid in the cavities between the core wires with linear contact, while the pitch of the core and outer wires is the same and is in the range from 6 to 18 diameters of the circumscribed rope circle, and the wire diameter varies from 1 to 7 mm. 4. Reinforcing rope, consisting of a core, which is a pre-twisted rope of five wires of right or left lay, and around one wire four wires of the same diameter or alternating two diameters are wound, as well as four wires located around the core rope, laid in cavities between the core wires with linear contact, while the pitch of the core and outer wires is the same and is in the range from 6 to 18 diameters of the circumscribed rope circle, and the wire diameter varies from 1 to 7 mm. 5. Reinforcing rope according to any one of paragraphs. 1-4, characterized in that the stranding wires can have a periodic profile. 6. Reinforcing rope according to any one of paragraphs. 1-4, characterized in that the diameter of the core wires may differ from the diameters of the wires of the outer layer. 7. Reinforcing rope according to any one of paragraphs. 1-4, characterized in that the wire rope can be made of high-carbon or alloy steel grades. 8. Reinforcing rope according to any one of paragraphs. 1-4, characterized in that the steel wire for the production of a rope can be coated with another metal or alloy. 9. A method for the production of a reinforcing rope, including the manufacture of a rope from wire of a circular cross-section or with a periodic profile, which are twisted using a rope-twisting machine, while a template and an intermediate guide and distributor device are used in the lay unit, which ensures the location of the wires and the angle relative to the lay axis in such a way that the wires of the outer layer are laid in the valleys of the core wire or around the core wire in a uniform layer, after the lay unit, the rope is sealed by means of a stationary or rotating device, which is a split or monolithic gauge, or a die, or a drawing, or a sleeve.

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