RU2729852C1 - Self-propelled underwater vehicle and lifting method thereof from under ice - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: vessels and other watercrafts.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to marine equipment and serves for its use in open sea in ice conditions. Self-propelled underwater vehicle (SPUV) and its lifting method from under ice are proposed. If necessary, surfacing of the SPUV is performed, while inspecting the thickness of the ice cover by the ice developer. If the ice thickness does not exceed the required value corresponding to the volume of the container filled with the hydro-reactive composition and located in the beacon, then a radio beaver connected with the SPUV by a flexible link is produced, which is made in the form of a cable connected to the coil on the SPUV, the beacon is icebound to the lower edge of the ice, a hydro-reactive composition is supplied to the contact point, an opening is melted in the ice, antenna is pushed into it and coordinates of as-buoy floating point are sent to control station. Ballast compartment of the SPUV is blown with compressed gas and the SPUV floats. Upon arrival to the SPUV area, rescue teams are searched for by radio beacon signals and operation of SPUV and radio beacon lights; after detection of a radio beacon antenna, an opening is made in ice and by means of flexible connection manually or using the lifting equipment the SPUV is removed to the surface.

EFFECT: invention makes it possible to operate SPUV in areas with developed ice coating, as well as the ability to float from under ice to the point of radio buoy location with indication of its exact location for further lifting to surface of ice cover.

2 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to marine technology and serves for its use in the open sea in ice conditions.

Known self-propelled underwater vehicle (SPA), used for research purposes, search and protection of marine objects, as well as for other purposes. Spas are subdivided into inhabited and uninhabited, which in turn are divided into autonomous and remote-controlled. Autonomous and remotely controlled SPA are involved in the search, detection, identification and destruction of sea mines, hydroacoustic reconnaissance, collection of hydrographic and bathymetric information, survey of sea areas and underwater hydraulic structures (I. Belousov. Modern and promising unmanned underwater vehicles of the US Navy // Foreign military Review, 2013, No. 5. S. 79-88.).

A torpedo device is known, having a head part with an explosive charge and a fuse, an onboard control system (BSU), an energy source, an engine, a propulsion device, steering gear drives and an external tail with rudders (Torpedo. Naval dictionary / Ch. Ed. V. N. Chernavin. M: Military Publishing, 1989. - S. 431).

A significant problem in the operation of self-propelled underwater vehicles is their use in areas with ice cover. The presence of ice prevents the communication of the underwater vehicle with the control center, as well as its evacuation, if necessary. Therefore, in such areas, to monitor the ice cover, underwater vehicles are equipped with a hydroacoustic echometer to establish the presence of ice cover on the sea surface, assess its thickness, search for polynyas, openings, estimate distances to them, etc. (Echo-meter. Encyclopedia. Website of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation (http://www.wikipedia.org.ru/)).

Known is the device of an under-ice radio beacon having a container with a hydroreactive composition, a device for feeding it to the place of ice melting, a retractable antenna and a light-signaling device to indicate its place (RF Patent No. 2690788, publ. From 05.06.2019, bull. No. 6).

The disadvantage of this technical solution is the lack of a rigid flexible connection with the underwater vehicle, which does not allow pulling the underwater vehicle to the place of the beacon icing.

Known self-propelled underwater vehicle, designed to work under ice and includes a housing inside which there are means of propulsion and power supply, hydroacoustic and television search aids, navigation equipment, communications equipment, a payload compartment and control devices, sensors for measuring environmental parameters, an information storage device for recording the measured parameters, a satellite navigation system, radio and sound underwater communications, as well as an under-ice radio beacon with a container with a hydroreactive composition, a device for feeding it to the place of ice melting, a retractable antenna and a light signaling device to indicate its place.

There is also a known method of operation of the said autonomous self-propelled underwater vehicle with an under-ice radio beacon under the ice, consisting of a preliminary search for a place with an initially fixed ice thickness (the ice thickness should not exceed 1 meter), the release of the radio beacon and its adhesion to the lower edge of the ice in the found place, feeding to the point of contact with the ice of the hydroreactive chemical composition Pyrosolve-Z, as a result of its interaction with seawater, an exothermic chemical reaction is triggered with the release of heat, melting of the ice and extension into the hole formed from the radio beacon to the antenna surface, which serves for communication with a satellite or control center (V. A. Katenin, A. Katenin Mine threat and navigational and hydrographic support of mine action // Defense order, Internet Appendix No. 15, 2007, http://www.ozakaz.ru/index.php/articles/n- 15-06-2007 / 167-2011-03-26-18-16-34).

The disadvantages of this technical solution are the possibility of operation of the self-propelled underwater vehicle only in ice conditions with an initially fixed ice thickness of up to one meter and the impossibility of operation of the underwater vehicle with an ice cover thickness of more than one meter, as well as the impossibility of raising the self-propelled underwater vehicle to the place of ice melting and its extraction to the surface of the ice cover.

The technical result that can be obtained with the implementation of the invention lies in the possibility of the operation of a self-propelled underwater vehicle in areas with a developed ice cover (including with an ice thickness of more than one meter), as well as in the ability to float from under the ice to the place where the beacon is iced. designation of its exact location for subsequent ascent to the surface of the ice cover.

To achieve this technical result, a self-propelled underwater vehicle designed to work under ice and including a housing inside which there are means of propulsion and power supply, hydroacoustic and television search aids, navigation equipment, communication equipment, a payload compartment and control devices, sensors for measuring environmental parameters. environment, an information storage device for recording measured parameters, a satellite navigation system, radio and sound underwater communications, as well as an under-ice radio beacon with a container with a hydroreactive composition, a device for feeding it to the place of ice melting, a retractable antenna and a light signaling device to indicate its place, is equipped ballast compartment and a compressed gas cylinder for purging the ballast compartment, a light signaling device, a radio beacon, the antenna of which is the antenna of an ice radio beacon, and an echometer, while the ice radio beacon is equipped with a flexible connection made in the form of a cable spruce associated with the coil on the underwater vehicle, and serving simultaneously for communication with the equipment of the underwater vehicle and pulling the underwater vehicle to the place of recovery from the water, and the volume of the tank with the hydroreactive composition is selected taking into account the ice situation in the area of operation of the self-propelled underwater vehicle.

Introducing into the self-propelled underwater vehicle a ballast compartment and a compressed gas cylinder for blowing out the ballast compartment, a light signaling device, a radio beacon, the antenna of which is the antenna of an ice radio beacon, as well as an echometer, a flexible connection between the radio beacon and the underwater vehicle, made in the form of a cable and serving simultaneously for communication with the equipment of the underwater vehicle and pulling the underwater vehicle to the place of recovery from the water, and a container with a hydroreactive composition, the volume of which is selected taking into account the ice conditions in the area of operation of the self-propelled underwater vehicle, allows you to obtain a new property, which consists in the possibility of operation of the self-propelled underwater vehicle in areas with developed ice cover due to the reserve of the required volume of the hydroreactive composition and the accurate determination of the place of the beacon icing using an echometer in the place where the ice thickness will be guaranteed to be melted by the hydroreactive composition, as well as in the ability of the underwater vehicle to swim from under the ice to the place where the beacon is icing due to the simultaneous action of the lifting force of the ballast compartment and the holding force of a flexible connection made in the form of a cable connected with a coil on an underwater vehicle to the place of ascent, and designating its exact location for subsequent ascent to the surface of the ice coverage due to the operation of signaling means, including light signaling means of the underwater vehicle and radio technical means of searching - a direction finder or a radio receiver tuned to the frequency of the transmitting signal of the radio beacon of the self-propelled underwater vehicle.

The method of lifting a self-propelled underwater vehicle from under the ice, consisting of a preliminary search for a place with an initially fixed ice thickness, release of the radio beacon and its adhesion to the lower edge of the ice in the found place, supplying the point of contact with ice with a hydro-reactive chemical composition from the container in the beacon, as a result the interaction of which with seawater triggers an exothermic chemical reaction with the release of heat, melting of ice and an antenna from a radio beacon designed for communication with a satellite or a control point to the water surface into the formed hole in the ice, according to the invention, the volume of the tank with the hydroreactive composition is selected taking into account the ice the situation in the operating area of the self-propelled underwater vehicle, while before the self-propelled underwater vehicle ascends, the ice cover is examined using an echometer, a place is found where the ice thickness does not exceed the value that can be melted by the available stock of hydroreactive composition a single radio beacon, after the ice melts and the antenna from the radio beacon moves to the water surface into the formed hole in the ice, through which the coordinates of the beacon's ascent point and the radio beacon's signals are transmitted to the control point, the ballast compartment is blown with compressed gas and the self-propelled underwater vehicle ascends and icers due to the simultaneous the actions of the lifting force of the ballast compartment and the holding force of the flexible connection, made in the form of a cable connected to the coil on the underwater vehicle, the search for the self-propelled underwater vehicle is carried out using signal means, including the light signaling means of the underwater vehicle and radio technical means of search - a radio direction finder or radio receiver tuned to the frequency transmitting signal of the radio beacon of the self-propelled underwater vehicle, then the vehicle is delivered to the area where the self-propelled underwater vehicle ascends and the equipment necessary for lifting it from under the ice and evacuating it, after finding the place When the self-propelled underwater vehicle is found in the ice, a hole is made and, using a flexible connection, manually or using lifting equipment, the self-propelled underwater vehicle is removed to the surface of the ice cover.

The essence of the invention is illustrated by Figs. 1 and FIG. 2:

- fig. 1 - device of a self-propelled underwater vehicle designed to work under ice;

- fig. 2 is a diagram of lifting a self-propelled underwater vehicle from under the ice.

FIG. 1 shows the device of a self-propelled underwater vehicle designed to work under ice. The numbers indicate: 1 - the body of a self-propelled underwater vehicle, 2 - power supplies, 3 - engine, 4 - steering machines, 5 - rudders and outer tail (stabilizers), 6 - propulsion device, 7 - sonar, 8 - video camera, 9 - navigation equipment , 10 - communication facilities, 11 - control devices (BSU), 12 - under-ice radio beacon with a container filled with a hydroreactive compound, a device for feeding it to the place of ice melting and a retractable antenna, 13 - a coil with a cable, 14 - flexible communication, 15 - ballast compartment, 16 - compressed gas cylinder, 17 - bleed valve, 18 - light signaling device, 19 - radio beacon, 20 - echometer.

FIG. 2 shows: 21 - trajectory of a self-propelled underwater vehicle, 22 - ice cover, 23 - area of ice thickness survey by an echometer, 24 - sub-ice radio beacon antenna.

The work of a self-propelled underwater vehicle and the method of lifting it from under the ice is carried out as follows.

The operation and movement of the self-propelled underwater vehicle 1 is carried out due to the required amount of power supply means 2 located on it, the operation of the engine 3, steering gears 4, rudders and stabilizers 5, the propeller (propeller) 6. Location, course of movement and performance of the assigned tasks of the underwater vehicle under the ice carried out due to the operation of sonar 7, video camera 8, navigation equipment 9, as well as communication means 10 and control devices (BSU) 11.

After the end of the work or, if necessary, the self-propelled underwater vehicle 1, moving along the trajectory 21 to inspect the ice layer 22, is ascending, the echometer 20 is turned on and the thickness of the ice cover (ice) 23 is examined with it. If the ice thickness does not exceed the required value corresponding to the volume of the container filled with a hydroreactive composition and located in the radio beacon 12, then an under-ice radio beacon 12 is released, connected to the self-propelled underwater vehicle 1 by a flexible connection made in the form of a cable 14 connected to the coil 13 on the underwater vehicle 1, the radio beacon 12 is pushed to the lower edge of the ice 22, fed to the place contact with a hydroreactive composition, melt a hole in the ice, push the antenna 24 into it and transmit from the BSU of the self-propelled underwater vehicle to the control point or providing a repeater coordinates of the beacon's ascent point and data on the state of the underwater vehicle, include its light signaling device, as well as signals from the radio beacon 19 . Compressed ha The ballast compartment 15 filled with ballast fluid is blown out from the cylinder 16, it is vented out through the valve 17, the self-propelled underwater vehicle 1 is ascending due to the simultaneous action of the lifting force of the ballast compartment 15 and the holding force of the flexible connection made in the form of a cable 14 connected to the coil 13 on the underwater vehicle 1. Then turn on its light signaling device 18 and bring the underwater vehicle to the lower edge of ice 22. Upon arrival in the area where the self-propelled underwater vehicle 1 is located, the teams of rescuers search for it using the signals of the radio beacon 19 and the operation of the light signaling devices 18 of the underwater vehicle 1 and the radio beacon 12, after detecting the antenna 24 of the beacon 12, a hole is made in the ice and, using flexible communication 14, manually or using lifting equipment, the self-propelled underwater vehicle is retrieved to the surface.

Sources of information used in identifying the invention and drawing up its description:

1. I. Belousov. Modern and promising unmanned underwater vehicles of the US Navy // Foreign military review, 2013, No. 5. S. 79-88.

2. Torpedo. Naval Dictionary / Ch. ed. V.N. Chernavin. M .: Voenizdat, 1989 .-- S. 431.

3. Echo-meter. Encyclopedia. The website of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation (http://www.wikipedia.org.ru/).

4. RF patent No. 2690788, publ. from 05.06.2019, Bul. No. 16.

5.V.A. Katenin, A.V. Katenin. Mine threat and navigational and hydrographic support of mine action // Defense Order, Internet Appendix No. 15, 2007 (http://www.ozakaz.ru/index.php/articles/n-15-06-2007/167-2011- 03-26-18-16-34). - prototype.

Claims (2)

1. A self-propelled underwater vehicle designed to operate under ice and includes a housing containing propulsion and power supplies, hydroacoustic and television search aids, navigation equipment, communications equipment, a payload compartment and control devices, sensors for measuring environmental parameters, an information storage device for recording the measured parameters, a satellite navigation system, radio and sound underwater communications, as well as an under-ice radio beacon with a container with a hydroreactive composition, a device for feeding it to the place of ice melting, a retractable antenna and a light signaling device to indicate its place, characterized by that is equipped with a ballast compartment and a compressed gas cylinder for purging the ballast compartment, a light signaling device, a radio beacon, the antenna of which is the antenna of an ice radio beacon, and an echometer, while the ice radio beacon is equipped with a flexible connection made in the form of a cable connected to a cathode a pressure on the underwater vehicle, and simultaneously serving to communicate with the equipment of the underwater vehicle and pull the underwater vehicle to the place of lifting from the water, and the volume of the container with the hydroreactive composition is selected taking into account the ice conditions in the area of operation of the self-propelled underwater vehicle. 2. A method of lifting a self-propelled underwater vehicle from under the ice, consisting of a preliminary search for a place with an initially fixed ice thickness, releasing a radio beacon with it adhering to the lower edge of the ice in the found place, supplying a hydroreactive chemical composition from a container in the beacon to the point of contact with ice, as a result of the interaction of which with seawater, an exothermic chemical reaction is triggered with the release of heat, melting of the ice and an antenna from the radio beacon designed for communication with a satellite or a control point to the water surface into the formed hole in the ice, characterized in that the volume of the tank with the hydroreactive composition is chosen taking into account the ice situation in the area of operation of the self-propelled underwater vehicle, while before the self-propelled underwater vehicle ascends, the ice cover is examined using an echometer, a place is found where the ice thickness does not exceed the value that can be melted by the available stock of hydroreactive composition ice beacon, after melting the ice and advancing to the water surface into the formed hole in the ice, the antenna from the radio beacon, through which the coordinates of the beacon's ascent point and radio beacon signals are transmitted to the control point, the ballast compartment is blown with compressed gas and the self-propelled underwater vehicle is ascending and icing due to the simultaneous action of the lifting force of the ballast compartment and the holding force of the flexible connection, made in the form of a cable connected to the coil on the underwater vehicle, the search for the self-propelled underwater vehicle is carried out using signal means, including the light signaling means of the underwater vehicle and radio technical means of search - a radio direction finder or a radio receiver tuned to the frequency of the transmitting signal of the self-propelled underwater vehicle's radio beacon, then the command and the equipment necessary for its recovery from under the ice and evacuation, after detection At the location of the self-propelled underwater vehicle, a hole is made in the ice and, using flexible communication, manually or using lifting equipment, the self-propelled underwater vehicle is removed to the surface of the ice cover.

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