RU2724157C1 - Vibrating pavement roller - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction.SUBSTANCE: vibrating pavement roller comprises a front half-frame, a cylindrical roller, shafts inside the roller, two main unbalance units of common radial vibration, fixed on shafts, axes of which coincide with geometrical axis of roll, unbalances are identically oriented for synchronous operation, rolling bearings, rubber-metal shock-absorbers. In addition, the vibrator is equipped with a second pair of eccentric masses, respectively fixed on coaxial shafts, connected by cardan shaft, additional unbalances are synchronously oriented relative to each other and installed relative to the main pair of eccentric masses with mismatch angle of 90 degrees.EFFECT: invention relates to rollers for compaction of soils and materials during road construction.1 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the construction of roads and airfields, namely, road vibratory rollers for compaction of soils and materials.

Known road vibratory roller [see, for example, patent RU No. 2301861 IPC E01C 19/28, published on 06.27.2007, Bull. No. 18] [1], which contains a front half frame, a roller divided into three sections located on one crankshaft. Three sections of the roller realize a complex mode of compaction of the soil. The extreme and middle sections of the drum operate in antiphase, i.e. with a mismatch angle of 180 degrees. When the middle section of the drum moves down, i.e. compacts the material, the extreme sections move upwards, complete the idle process. Thus, the compaction of materials and soils by three coordinated working sections. The disadvantage of the device [1] is the complex design of the drum and insufficient performance of the roller.

Also known vibratory rollers [patent RU No. 2405881, CL. ЕСС 19/28, published on December 10, 2010, Bull. No. 34] [2], in which the roller is made in the form of two sections with the possibility of * rotation on the crankshaft, which makes it possible to make vertical movements in antiphase with each section of the vibratory roller. When one section moves downward, a working course of compaction of the material takes place, the second section idles upward. The disadvantage of the device [2] is the complex design of the crankshaft drive rotations of the sections of the vibratory roll.

Closest to the proposed invention is a device [patent RU No. 2647537 C1, publ. 03/16/2018, Bull. No. 8] [3], containing a front half frame, a roller, a shaft inside the roller with three unbalances of general radial vibration fixed on it. The two extreme unbalances located left and right are oriented relative to each other with a mismatch angle of 180 degrees, and the average unbalance is oriented relative to other unbalances with a 90 degree angle. The device [3] performs vertical oscillations, alternating sequentially with transverse vibrations of the roller.

A common drawback of modern vibratory rollers is the use of unbalances of total radial vibration, the duty cycle of which contains the working and idle phases of the period of one cycle.

During one half-cycle of the vibration cycle, a working process is performed - compaction of the material, and the second half of the half-cycle is idle. Therefore, only half of the working time of the road roller is used to perform the useful work of compaction of the material.

The technical result of the proposed invention consists in the use of additional unbalances, which perform a work process with a phase mismatch of 90 degrees simultaneously with the main unbalances and reduce the idle time of the process of the main unbalances.

The objective of the invention is to increase the intensity of the oscillatory process of the vibratory roll due to combining in one working cycle of the vibration exciter generated by the main unbalances and additional unbalances installed on the shafts with phase mismatch at an angle of 90 degrees with the main unbalances.

The object of the invention is solved in that the road vibratory roller comprising a front half frame, a cylindrical roller, shafts inside the roller, located coaxially, two main unbalances of the total radial vibration, mounted on shafts whose axes coincide with the geometric axis of the roller, the unbalances are identically oriented for synchronous operation, rolling bearings, rubber-metal shock absorbers, in which, according to the invention, the roller is equipped with an additional pair of unbalances mounted respectively on the shafts, while the additional unbalances are synchronously oriented relative to each other and installed relative to the main pair of unbalances with a 90 degree mismatch angle.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where in FIG. 1 shows a general view of the road roller; FIG. 2 shows a section of a vibratory roll; FIG. 3 shows the work of the main and additional unbalances on the left shaft in the mode of joint compaction of soil and material for 1/4 of the period of rotation of the unbalances; in FIG. 4 shows the work of the main and additional unbalances on the right shaft in the mode of joint compaction of soil and material for 1/4 of the period of rotation of the unbalances.

In FIG. 1, 2, 3, 4 the following positions of the road vibratory roller are shown: 1 - front half frame; 2 - back half frame; 3 - running gear; 4 - drum; 5, 6 - respectively, the left and right vibrated; 7, 8 - vibration roll bearing; 9 - driveshaft; 10, 11 - the main pair of unbalances, 12, 13 - an additional pair of unbalances; 14 - a hydraulic motor for rotating vibration shafts with unbalances; 15 - hydraulic motor translational movement of the drum; 16 - rubber-metal shock absorbers; 17 - coupling drive roller.

The shafts 5, 6 are located on the geometric axis of the vibratory roll 4 and are supported by rolling bearings. In FIG. 2, the hydraulic motor 15 transmits torque through the rubber-metal shock absorbers 16 of the roller 4, providing translational movement of the roller. At the same time, the hydraulic motor 14 rotates the shaft 5 with unbalances 10, 12 and, with the help of the cardan shaft 9, rotates the shaft 6 with unbalances 11, 13.

With the translational movement of the roller and the simultaneous rotation of the main unbalances 10, 11, dynamic exciting forces P _∂1 (Fig. 3) and P _∂2 (Fig. 4) _arise .

которые являются динамическими силами дебалансов при повороте валов на угол ϕ.All unbalances are mounted on shafts 5, 6 and rotate with the same angular velocity ω. In the position indicated in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4, the forces P _∂1 , P _{∂2 are} vertical and have a maximum projection value on the vertical z axis (see Fig. 3). When the unbalance is rotated from the indicated position of the projection of the forces P _∂1 , P _∂2 onto the z axis, P _∂1z ≤P _{∂1 decreases} ; P _∂2z ≤P _∂2 from the nominal value to zero. In FIG. 3 shows forces

which are the dynamic forces of unbalances when the shafts rotate through an angle ϕ.

At the same time, the driving forces P _∂3 and P _{∂4 of the} second pair of unbalances 12, 13 (Fig. 3) enter the working area and their projections P _∂3z , P _∂4z , directed downward, increase from zero to the nominal value when turning the shafts 5, 6 to 90 degrees.

Thus, the forces of the vertical sealing effect of the unbalances P _∂1z and P _∂3z are reduced, and the working sealing effect of P _∂3z , P _∂4z increases when the shafts rotate through an angle of 90 degrees. The total vertical downward force practically remains constant. This is precisely the novelty of the proposed invention and the technical result. Thus, the considered two pairs of unbalances carry out an almost constant vertical downward impact during 1/4 of the unbalance rotation period.

Using FIG. 3 we determine the increase in the performance of the vibratory roller, during the 1/4 period of the unbalance rotation, the sum of the vertical sealing forces occurs. In addition, the unbalances 10, 12 and 11, 12 simultaneously during 1/4 of the rotation period create a vertical sealing force directed downward and provide compaction of the material and increase the important time factor of the sealing vertical force. The proposed invention allows to increase the useful time of compaction of the material in one period to a value of 3/4 of the period of rotation of the unbalance due to the reduction of idle time.

A traditional roller has the same compaction time and idle time equal to half the unbalance rotation period. Therefore, the useful life of the seal in one revolution of the shaft increases from 1/2 period to 3/4 period, i.e. 1.5 times.

Thus, the proposed invention increases the performance of the roller by 1.5 times. The technical result of the invention is achieved by the fact that the use of additional unbalances allows 1.5 times to increase the efficiency of the roller by increasing the time of the vertical exciting action on the compacted material and at the same time to increase the performance of the road roller by reducing the number of passes required for compaction of materials and soils.

Claims (1)

A road vibratory roller containing a front half frame with a cylindrical roller, in which two coaxial shafts with a pair of unbalanced general radial vibrations located and supported on shafts whose axes coincide with the geometrical axis of the roller are located and supported on rolling bearings, the unbalances are identically oriented for synchronous rubber-metal shock absorbers, characterized in that the roller is equipped with a second pair of additional unbalances, respectively mounted on coaxial shafts connected by a cardan shaft, while additional unbalances are set relative to the main pair of unbalances with a 90 degree mismatch angle.

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