RU2722330C1 - Method of making articles from reinforced ceramics - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: household accessories.

SUBSTANCE: disclosed invention relates to a method of making articles from reinforced ceramics and can be used in production of construction parts or tableware, for example roofing tiles or plates. Method of making articles from reinforced ceramics consists in mixing mineral fibres with clay and water, moulding the article on a mould having a liquid-permeable surface by depositing clay-coated fibres, drying and roasting articles on a substrate which follows the shape of the article. After the article is formed, the damp workpiece is transferred onto a substrate having a surface which repeats the article shape and is transported for drying in said substrate. After drying the product is shifted to another substrate corresponding to the product dimensions after drying, on which the product is pressed and directed for firing.

EFFECT: technical result is high strength of reinforced ceramic articles.

1 cl, 2 ex

Description

The invention relates to a method for manufacturing products from reinforced ceramics and can be used in the manufacture of building parts or tableware, such as tiles or plates.

At present, composite materials consisting of a fiber reinforced matrix are widely known. The combination of the ceramic matrix with mineral reinforcing fiber is attractive because sintering achieves a high level of adhesion between the matrix and the fibers, which prevents the fibers from being pulled out of the matrix under mechanical stress.

A known method of manufacturing a material containing clay and fiber [1]. The known method consists in impregnating mineral wool or mat with clay slip, drying, pressing and firing the material. The disadvantage of this method is the low strength of the manufactured material.

The well-known "Method for the manufacture of refractory parts from ceramic fiber material, manufactured by the method of the part and their application" [2].

In the known method, the mineral fiber is mixed with clay and water into a suspension, which is molded and pressed into the finished product by dehydration on a metal mesh. The disadvantage of this method is the low strength of the finished product associated with the deformation and cracking of the product during drying and firing.

Closest to the claimed is the USSR copyright certificate "Method for the manufacture of porcelain and faience" [3]. In the known method, drying and primary firing of the preform is carried out directly in the forms in which the products are molded. The disadvantage of this method is the low strength of the finished product associated with cracking of the workpiece during the drying process in the mold.

The present invention provides a method for manufacturing reinforced ceramic products which involves mixing a mineral fiber with clay in water to a state of liquid suspension, molding the products by depositing the fiber coated with clay on a mold having a liquid permeable surface. Drying and firing the workpiece is carried out on a substrate that repeats the shape of the product.

The aim of the invention is to hang the strength of the finished product, by reducing the cracking of the products during drying and firing.

This goal is achieved by the fact that after forming the product, the wet preform is transferred to a substrate having a surface repeating the shape of the product and transported for drying in the specified substrate, after drying, the preform is transferred to another substrate corresponding to the dimensions of the product after drying, on which the preform is pressed and sent for firing .

The invention is illustrated by two examples.

Example 1. The manufacture of tiles from reinforced ceramics. In an aqueous medium, fusible clay and basalt fiber are mixed. To mix the suspension, a disk mill is used, consisting of disks rotating with a large angular velocity in opposite directions. This mixing ensures the separation of fibers and grinding of clay particles, which helps to increase the strength of the ceramic matrix. Ceramic tiles are formed by deposition on a mesh matrix under the influence of a differential pressure. The molded wet preform is transferred to a porous substrate having a surface that follows the shape of a tile. The blank on the substrate is transported to a tunnel roller dryer and dried to a moisture content of 6%, then transferred to a metal substrate and pressed to eliminate pores and microcracks. The tile is fired on a metal substrate in a tunnel roller furnace at a temperature of 1000 ° C. The result is a thin, impact-resistant ceramic tile that does not require heavy rafters for roofing.

Example 2. The manufacture of earthenware plates from reinforced ceramics. Kaolin and superthin basalt fiber are mixed in an aqueous medium. Mixing, molding and drying of products is carried out analogously to example 1. Firing is carried out at a temperature of 1100 ° C. After firing, the plate is covered with glaze, a drawing is applied and the firing is poured.

The source of information:

1 Patent DE 3804883, 1989

2 Patent DE 3444397 1986

2 A.S. USSR SU 386870 1971

Claims (1)

A method of manufacturing reinforced ceramic products, which consists in mixing mineral fibers with clay and water, molding the product on a mold having a liquid permeable surface, by depositing clay coated fibers, drying and firing the products on a substrate that repeats the shape of the product, characterized in that after molding the product, the wet preform is transferred to a substrate having a surface that repeats the shape of the product, and transported for drying in the specified substrate, after drying, the product is transferred to another substrate corresponding to the dimensions of the product after drying, on which the product is pressed and sent for firing.