RU2721468C1 - Ball trapping devices with forced cleaning for ball cleaning system of heat-exchange condenser tubes (versions) - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: technological processes.

SUBSTANCE: ball trapping device (BTD) is part of a ball cleaning system (BCS) and is installed in a drain pipeline of circulating water after a condenser (heat exchanger), is intended for trapping contaminated balls in contaminated water, redirecting them to calibrating device (if any) and further into loading chamber of ball recirculation device (BRD). Three versions of BTDFlR: 1) equipped with stationary ball trapping mesh (BTM) in the form of a straight circular truncated cone with automatic flushing by return water flow with the help of rotary vortex purifier of forced back flushing located on inner side of cone; 2) equipped with fixed (stationary) ball trapping mesh (BTM) in the form of straight circular truncated cone with automatic flushing by reverse water flow by means of vortex inductor located on inner side of cone and with forced flushing under excessive pressure of water directed from outer side of cone, with option of two versions of forced flushing system: one common drive or two independent drives; 3) equipped with a movable ball trapping screen (BTS) in form of parts of a right circular truncated cone with a mechanism for opening parts of the screen, with automatic washing with a return flow of water, by means of a vortex inductor located on the inner side of the cone and with optional use of forced flushing under excess water pressure from the outer side of the cone – also with two possible versions of the drive system of the optional forced flushing.

EFFECT: adapted to specific BCS operation conditions mechanized and automated cleaning of BTD screens or screens from solid contaminants and growing biological organisms constantly arriving with balls – for significant reduction of hydraulic resistance of screens or screens, prevention of emergency situations due to possible jamming of moving parts (rotors, shafts) of BTD, higher reliability and stability of BTD operation.

13 cl, 18 dwg

Description

Technical field

The ball-catching device (ШУУ) is a part of the ball cleaning system (СШО) and is installed in the drainage pipe of the circulation water after the condenser (heat exchanger), is designed to capture contaminated balls in contaminated water, redirecting them to the calibrating device (if available) and then to the loading chamber ball recirculation devices (URS).

State of the art

The proposed SHUU with forced cleaning (SHUUPrO) is made in the required climatic version, for working with water contaminated with solid particles and biological organisms. Solid pollutants include: large particles of carbonate deposits, sludge (and the like) circulating in the SCO working circuit. Also, biological organisms can develop (be present) in the circulation flow, which include: algae that multiply in the aquatic environment, mollusks (etc.), which are used to grow elements of the SCHU. Solid and biological contaminants adhere (settle, build up) to the ball sieve, which leads to a significant increase in its hydraulic resistance and a decrease in the throughput of the ШУУ.

In industry, various SHUU designs have been proposed. ШУУ include ball-catching nets (ШУС) (synonyms: sieves, lattices) or ball-catching screens (ШУЭ), located within the diameter of the pipeline. The main function of the SHUU is to catch the balls and redirect them to the ball collecting and discharging unit, without having significant hydraulic resistance to the water flow passing through the SHUU. The problem associated with ball collectors is the accumulation of microscopic or biological harmful substances and contaminants (macro-fouling) from the surface of the balls on a sieve. They can restrict the flow of water through the sieve and cause an increase in pressure on the upstream side of the sieve. Pressure is monitored on both sides of the sieve, and when the pressure differential reaches the set limit, the sieve moves (usually rotates) to open the pipe to maximize water flow. Such a movement may be a response to an emergency or may be performed to clean the sieve of harmful substances by a reverse flow of water.

In the course of the patent information search, the following relatively more relevant analogues of the ShUU were selected from the patents RU 2333444, US 4350202, US 6223809, US 2801824, US 3021117, RU 2051325. There is a certain difficulty in comparing the features of analogues with the proposed design of the SHUU caused a variety of terminology of the same essentially structural elements of the SHUU among the authors of various inventions.

One of the objectives of the invention of SHUU-analogues was to simplify the designs of ShUU for the reliability of their work and the possible reduction of the cost of ShUU.

In the patent US 6223809 (publ. 2001-05-01) presents a simple and cheap SHUU in a single housing for collecting and removing balls. The SHUU screen is presented in the form of a central axis of the pipe in the exit zone of the cone-shaped funnel heat exchanger with longitudinal slots at the end in the line for removing balls. In SHUU everything is motionless (the screen is rigidly fixed in the housing) and there are no drive means. In the prior art of this invention, known rotary-type screens are indicated which are tilted in the active position relative to the flow direction, so that the balls pass through the surface of the screen to the outlet in the coolant pipe, from where they are diverted by the removal line and pump and returned to the inlet zone heat exchanger. If the screens rotate to an inactive position, the coolant flows unhindered through screens that are washed and, therefore, are freed from adhering dirt. In smaller heat exchangers, the known device containing shielding devices significantly increases the cost of installation due to the complex design, drive and control of the moving parts of the screen, as well as their sealing. Therefore, there is a problem of obtaining a less expensive design for a screening device of a device. According to the invention, this problem is solved in that the holes in the removal line are located in the flow direction immediately after the transition between the screen and the removal line, the holes are formed in the round wall of the open end of the removal line, and the holes extend in the axial direction of the removal line. The screen of the proposed device is attached to the wall of the coolant line and, therefore, is a permanent component in a closed cooling circuit. The cleaning processes take place at least periodically to remove corrosion and / or deposits in the tubes of the heat exchanger or accumulations of very small parts. The balls release deposits, which, in turn, pass effortlessly through the shielding device, so that the screen is not disturbed in relation to its function as a result of constant operation and ejected particles. Thanks to the fastening of the screen in the coolant line, the technical costs of this device are significantly lower than in moving screens. At the same time, the stability of the arrangement is significantly increased, so that the supporting and holding frames of the screen are redundant. This reduces production costs and also greatly simplifies production. The entire free cross-section of the coolant line is accessible to the screen, which reduces the flow resistance compared to non-fixed shielding devices, because in movable screens the free cross-section is limited by screens or frame stabilizers for screens. A funnel-shaped screen extends from the wall of the coolant line to the opening of the removal line. As a result of the shape of the screen funnel, an intensive collecting action occurs. The shielding effect of the funnel-shaped screen allows you to design a device with a limited total length. The screen of the device according to the invention can be made in the form of a straight or inclined conical shell, depending on the location of the removal line in the coolant line. However, a predominantly funnel-shaped screen is symmetrical about the axis of the coolant line, that is, it is rotationally symmetrical. This ensures that in any plane perpendicular to the central axis of the coolant line, on the screen surface the same conditions prevail at all points for the speed of the balls. In addition, with the development of conical or cylindrical parts, only straight or round lines arise. This simplifies the machining of materials during manufacture and, consequently, reduces costs. The device according to the invention has a simple overall design and compact size. The shielding device comprises a funnel-shaped screen and a removal line in which slit-like openings are formed which are connected to the end of the funnel-shaped screen. For reasons of stability, a funnel-shaped screen constructed symmetrically with respect to the central axis is attached to the wall of the coolant line and therefore holds the entire shielding device in the coolant stream without any additional frame at the ends of the screen.

The disadvantage of this SHUU can be recognized as the lack of effective active drive means of forced periodic cleaning (inter-slit spaces and lattice cells) of the screen from accumulated deposits of dirt and from overgrown mollusks and algae.

In patents US 2801824 (publ. 1957-08-06) and US 3021117 (publ. 1962-02-13), the SHUU also includes a funnel-shaped extractor with sieve-like walls inserted into a downward outlet channel for a carrier fluid (cooling water), to intercept the balls and direct them through a return or bypass connection to the inlet conduit serving to receive fresh fluid. The escaping fluid exits through the internodes of the funnel. Impurities separated by cleaning bodies from the inner walls of the heat exchanger tubes, as well as other impurities (e.g. algae) trapped in the carrier fluid, tend to accumulate in these spaces, so that the screen elements of the extractor must be cleaned periodically. For this purpose, the funnel can be divided into two halves, rotatable around a common axis of rotation, in a wide open position, in which parts of these halves are essentially parallel to the direction of flow.

The disadvantages of these SHUUs can also be recognized as the lack of effective drive means of forced periodic cleaning (inter-slit spaces and lattice cells) of the screen from accumulated deposits of dirt and from overgrown mollusks and algae.

And finally, in patent RU 2051325 (publ. 12/27/1995), the ШУУ has a housing, a ball outlet along one central nozzle, a gable in the form of a square with rotation around the shafts, ball turbulators, shear pins or rotation locks for a given response force when contaminated lattice. There is no electromechanical drive to rotate the grilles. The purpose of the invention: reducing the size and simplifying the design. The square is opened towards the outlet of the housing, with two walls that are made with holes for water passage and are joined by the edges at the top of the square, turbulators above the working surface of the grill, a nozzle for removing balls, the housing is equipped with additional gable grilles, all grilles are placed around the axis of the housing, said mating edges of the walls of the additional gratings are located at an acute angle to the axis of the casing from the side of its inlet, while gable lattices are conjugated to each other along other edges of their walls also at an acute angle to the axis of the casing from the side of its inlet, turbulators are placed along the last edges the walls of the gratings and mate with each other above the inlet of the nozzle for the removal of balls, all gratings are paired with this nozzle. The grilles are mounted to rotate around their own axes, each of which coincides or is parallel to the line in the cross section of the casing passing through the intersection points of each wall of the corresponding grating and the casing, while the walls of each gable lattice are rigidly bonded to each other and the gratings are rigidly bonded to the body with shear pins or calibrated for a given trigger force rotation locks. Placing gable gratings around the axis of the casing, the edges of the mating of the walls of the gratings at an acute angle to the axis of the casing from the side of its inlet, turbulators above the edges of the walls by which the gratings are interconnected, makes it possible to reduce the dimensions of the device along the axis of the casing and retract the balls using one nozzle. The rotation of the grids in a position along the axis of the housing in the emergency mode of shutting down the tube cleaning system is carried out by the cooling water flow itself, which acts asymmetrically on the grids relative to the axis of rotation. The diameter of the pins is calculated according to the conditions of their destruction from a given force of exposure to the lattice when it is dirty. When the SHUU is operating in a continuous tube cleaning system with sponge balls, there are two modes: the collection of cleaning balls to the place of their removal and the emergency shutdown of the cleaning system. In the mode of collecting cleaning balls, the flow of cooling water with sponge balls from the heat exchanger enters the grates of the ШУУ. In this case, water passes through the openings in the catching gratings, and the balls roll down towards the outlet of the housing along the working surfaces to the edges of the gratings, fall into the swirling zone of the cooling water flow by the turbulators, break away from the surface of the grating and move along the interface lines of the edges of adjacent walls in a vortex water flow gratings to the inlet of the nozzle for the removal of balls. In the emergency shutdown mode of the cleaning system, the balls collected from the cooling water flow by the ball catching device are collected in the loading chamber of the system and their circulation stops until the conditions for normal circulation of the balls are restored. The cause of an emergency shutdown of the system, for example, may be the influx of large mechanical particles through the bypass of the pre-filter of cooling water when the filter regeneration system fails or when its filter elements break. In this case, large mechanical particles clog the inlet openings of the heat exchange tubes and the holes for the passage of water in the walls of the gratings of the ball-catching device, which creates conditions for the balls to get stuck in the tubes and on the surface of the gratings, and stop the circulation of balls. Particles of contaminants deposited on the SHUU increase its hydroresistance and the force of the action of the gratings on the elements of the bars increases. In proportion to the hydroresistance of the gratings, the effect of their brackets on the shear pins increases, respectively. When the hydroresistance of the gratings installed for breaking the pins is reached, the pins are cut off with brackets attached to them. In this case, the gratings under the action of an incoming water flow rotate around their own axes and, leaning on the stop of the casing, occupy a position in which the walls of the gratings are parallel to the axis of the casing and have minimal hydraulic resistance. After overcoming the emergency situation, the gratings of the device are returned to the working position and fixed with new pins.

The disadvantage of this SHUU can be recognized as a small degree of automation with the lack of drive means for controlling individual SHUU nodes, primarily, the forced periodic cleaning of the SHUU nets from accumulated dirt. Pressure relief (with cleaning) with a clogged ball grate occurs when the pins are cut or the rotation locks are turned, at this moment the cleaning balls can circulate in the circulating duct, which will be lost. When cutting the pins after an emergency opening, it is necessary to manually restore the operation of the SHUU - this requires certain labor costs and time, which will lead to equipment downtime. In the product under consideration, there is no effective flushing that cleans (cleanses) the intergranular spaces (cells) of the ball-catching lattice from overgrown mollusks and algae, as well as from adhering dirt deposits.

Another, we can say the opposite, orientation of the tasks of inventions of ShUU-analogues was to increase the efficiency of their work due to the complexity of the design and control of ShUU.

In the patent RU 2333444 (publ. September 10, 2008), the ШУУ has a screen channel body with a catching section with an outlet for balls; a sieve with a sieve valve, the ability to work on a given pressure differential between the sides of the sieve channel to open the valve for emergency pressure relief or to rinse (clean) the sieve with a reverse flow, the drive mechanism for shifting the sieve valve (by 3 positions). The sieve channel has a hole for emergency pressure relief, located to create a substantially direct flow from the hole upstream to the hole downstream, and the sieve channel is designed so as to create a region for the flow of fluid, at least between one wall of the sieve channel and at least one wall of the collecting section so as to create a return path for the flow to the hole downstream, a biased sieve valve made in the sieve channel, and the sieve valve is shifted between the closed position in which the sieve valve closes the hole for emergency pressure relief, preventing the passage of the cleaning balls in such a way that a plurality of cleaning balls are caught in the sieve channel and mostly directed to the outlet for the cleaning balls, and an open position in which the hole for emergency pressure relief is at least partially open in this way that the poto impedance fluid in the pipeline is reduced. The sieve channel is made mainly as a cylindrical sieve located inside two interconnected tubular sections. The valve is usually in the closed position and can be moved to the open position for cleaning or in response to the need to ensure the safety of the system, such as creating a predetermined pressure differential between the sides of the screen channel upstream and downstream, thereby providing an emergency pressure relief. Screen valve displacement can occur automatically in response to a predetermined pressure differential between the sides of the sieve upstream and downstream. Any contamination with a harmful substance is washed off by the force of the fluid passing through the sieve valve.

The disadvantage of this SHUU can be recognized as the complexity of the SHUU design with a number of channels and a difficult to control sieve valve. In the product under consideration, there is no effective flushing that cleans (cleanses) the intergranular spaces (cells) of the ball-catching lattice from overgrown mollusks and algae, as well as from adhering dirt deposits.

In US Pat. No. 4,350,202 (publ. 1982-09-21), the SHUU (referred to as the ball extractor in the invention) has a housing, two sieves - their opposite surfaces being exposed to the flow for cleaning purposes during the regeneration phase (backwashing phase) - essentially symmetrical screen converging downward in the direction of fluid flow. The two sieves usually have flat opposing surfaces and can rotate around their respective transverse axes to expand downward. The extractor contains a funnel, divided into two parts, usually flat sieves, which converge downward in the working position from the inner periphery of the specified output channel to the central axis of the channel to the downwardly deflecting regenerative position, in other words, the extractor contains two essentially symmetrical screens converging downward in the direction of fluid flow, which direct the oncoming cleaning bodies into a narrow collecting box with an inclined bottom next to one or more outlets forming part of the bypass connection. Two sieves usually have flat opposing surfaces and can rotate around their respective transverse axes in a downwardly expanding position in which their opposite surfaces are exposed to flow for cleaning purposes during the regeneration phase. The objective was to create an improved extractor of the general type, including a divided funnel and a lower collecting box, in which both the funnel and the collecting box can be conveniently cleaned without significant interruption of operations associated with heat exchangers. Due to the divergence of the two screens down in their regenerative position, cooling water or another carrier liquid flowing down this outlet channel to the drain strikes the screens from their backs to remove any solid particles clogging their gaps. The sieves that make up the two halves of the rotary funnel can be made in the form of simple screens with parallel blades or wire, while the walls of the box can be non-perforated sheets; however, the presence of perforated box walls is not excluded. Particulate matter swept away from screening surfaces cannot accumulate near outlets for possible recirculation. The invention is not limited to a funnel divided into two halves, the number of funnel sections in the form of mutually complementary sieves swinging around the respective axes can also be three or more. In addition, one channel can accommodate several divided funnels located next to each other and interacting with the corresponding collection boxes.

The disadvantage of this SHUU can also be recognized as the complexity of the design of the SHUU and the complexity of its management. In the product under consideration, there is no effective flushing that cleans (cleanses) the intergranular spaces (cells) of the ball-catching lattice from overgrown mollusks and algae, as well as from adhering dirt deposits.

However, with all the variety of structural solutions of the SHUU, none of all the analogues found can be recognized as a prototype of the proposed SHUU options due to the many differences in the essential features of these SHUUs and the differences in inventive problems to be solved.

The general limitation of all found SHUU analogues can be recognized as the absence of developed drive systems for mechanization and automation of reducing the hydraulic resistance of constantly contaminated grids or SHUU screens to increase the efficiency of the ShUU and taking into account the possibility of emergency situations in the ShUU and the school in general.

Disclosure of invention

The objective of the invention was to significantly increase the efficiency of the SHUU with forced cleaning (SHUUPrO) contaminants ball-catch mesh (SHUS) or ball-catch screen (ШУЭ) due to different layout options for the forced cleaning of the surface of the grid or screen, together with a number of additional emergency means for the operation of ШУУ.

The technical result is a mechanized and automated cleaning of SHUU screens or screens adapted to the specific operating conditions of the SCW from solid contaminants and growing biological organisms constantly arriving with balls - to significantly reduce the hydraulic resistance of the screens or screens, to prevent accidents due to possible jamming of moving parts (rotors , shafts) ШУУ, improving the reliability and stability of the ШУУ.

To do this, it is proposed to perform the SHUU in one of three options:

1. equipped with a stationary (stationary) ball catching net (SHUS) in the form of a direct circular truncated cone with automatic washing with a reverse water flow using a rotary vortex cleaner forced backwash located on the inside of the cone;

2. equipped with a stationary (stationary) ball catching net (SHUS) in the form of a direct circular truncated cone with automatic washing with a reverse water flow using a rotary vortex cleaner forced backwash located on the inside of the cone and with forced washing under excessive pressure of water directed from the outside of the cone, with the option of two versions of the drive system of forced washing: one common drive or two independent drives;

3. equipped with a movable ball-catching screen (ШУЭ) in the form of parts of a straight circular truncated cone with a mechanism for opening parts of the screen, with automatic washing with a reverse water flow, using a rotary vortex cleaner forced backwash located on the inside of the cone and with the optional use of forced flushing under excess water pressure from the outside of the cone - also with two possible versions of the drive system of the optional forced flush.

Each of the listed options can be additionally equipped with:

- if necessary, in the branch pipe for removing contaminants with a non-clogging pump to form in a swirl swirl cleaner forced backwashing of a guaranteed vacuum sufficient to clean the SHUS or ShUE (depending on version);

- a safety clutch in each drive transmission system (usually cardan) of torque for emergency operation in emergency situations due to jamming of rotating elements (rotors, shafts) of the control room;

- sliding bearings of rotors, ШУУ shafts using a sleeve of the following materials: polyformaldehyde (ROM, ROM-S, ROM-N, polyoxymethylene, polyacetal, oliformaldehyde), polyethylene terephthalate (PET, PET TF, polyethylene glycol terephthalate) to prevent possible jamming of sliding friction pairs water polluted environment with the creation of appropriate emergencies in the SHUU (but the use of other materials and rolling bearings is not excluded).

Variant 1 of the SHUUPro for the SSO is characterized by the presence of a single tubular shell of the shell with connecting both sides (flanges) and with a through cylindrical bore hole, inside of which without gaps with the walls of the shell a fixed SHUS is fixed. The SHUS is made in the form of a bolt sieve or of perforated steel sheets and has the shape centered along the axis of the hole of a hollow straight truncated cone, turned by a bell to the oncoming flow of water with balls. The cone has a rotary swirl cleaner on its inside forced backwashing (inductor) with the possibility of its sliding on the inner surface of the cone during rotation from the axial drive rotor in both directions. Also there is a discharge pipe of the pollution cleared from the SHUS. On the top of the truncated cone, a collector (pocket) is sealed for collecting balls, passing into the outlet pipe, adjacent to the corresponding branch for removing balls from ШУУпрО. Swirl Swirl Cleaner forced backwash, rigidly connected to the rotor, has the form of a radial casing ("tongue"), the lower part of which is tightly attached to the inner surface of the cone of the SHUS, repeating its forming surface. In their contour, the radial sides of the vortex inductor are equipped with flexible seals that provide the necessary hydraulic seal covered by a rotary vortex cleaner forced backwashing of a part of the surface of the SHUS to be cleaned. The rotor of the forced backwash cleaner is a hollow shaft (pipe), the axis of which coincides with the axis of the SHUS. On the opposite side of the SHUS, the rotor is connected through a tight rotating connection to a rigidly fixed exhaust pipe for removing contaminants out of the SHUUPrO case. On the outside of the SHUUPrO case, a remotely controlled shutter is installed in the pollution removal pipe. The rotor bearing assembly and rotor drive are fixed inside the housing in support sheets, or ribs, or segments, or extensions. The rotor drive consists of an external gearmotor, an internal gearbox and a cardan torque transmission system installed between their shafts.

Option 2 SHUUPro is also characterized by the presence of a single tubular shell housing with connecting both sides (flanges) and with a through cylindrical bore hole, inside of which a fixed SHUS is fixed without gaps with the walls of the hole. The SHUS is made in the form of a spall sieve or of perforated steel sheets and has the shape of a center along the axis of the hole of a hollow straight truncated cone, turned by a bell to the oncoming flow of water with balls. The cone has a rotary swirl cleaner on its inside forced backwash with the possibility of sliding on the inner surface of the cone during rotation from the axial drive rotor in both directions. Also there is a discharge pipe of the pollution cleared from the SHUS. On the top of the truncated cone, a collector (pocket) is sealed for collecting balls, passing into the outlet pipe, adjacent to the corresponding branch for removing balls from ШУУпрО. Swirl Swirl Cleaner forced backwash, rigidly connected to the rotor, has the form of a radial casing ("tongue"), the lower part of which is tightly attached to the inner surface of the cone of the SHUS, repeating its forming surface. In its contour, the radial sides of the swirl vortex cleaner forced backwash equipped with flexible seals, providing the necessary hydraulic seal covered by the inductor part of the surface to be cleaned SHUS. Rotary Swirl Cleaner Rotor The forced backwash consists of a hollow shaft (pipe), the axis of which coincides with the axis of the SHUS. On the opposite side of the SHUS, the rotor is connected through a tight rotating connection to a rigidly fixed exhaust pipe for removing contaminants out of the SHUUPrO case. On the outside of the SHUUPrO case, a remotely controlled shutter is installed in the pollution removal pipe. The rotor bearing assembly and rotor drive are fixed inside the housing in support sheets or ribs, or segments, or extensions. The rotor drive consists of an external gearmotor, an internal gearbox and a cardan torque transmission system installed between their shafts. Optional opposite swivel swirl cleaner forced backwash on the other side of the SCH is fitted with an appropriate sized swirl swivel cleaner forced backwash and with the possibility of rotation synchronously opposite it in both directions of rotation, a radial rotary hollow beam (pipe) with nozzles directed towards the swivel swirl cleaner forced backwash through the SCH for forced washing of the SCH under excess pressure of the wash water. The pressure head pipe of the washing water pump pipeline is connected to the beam through a tight rotary connection with the static pressure pipe, which ensures the stability of the flow of washing water under pressure in their cavity, creating the condition for the beam to rotate 360 ° completely. The drive system of the forced washing beam can be of two versions: 1) with a common drive with a rotary vortex cleaner forced backwashing and movement from a single rotor; 2) with its independent drive, also consisting of an external gear motor, an internal gearbox and a cardan transmission system of torque installed between the shafts of the gearboxes; at the same time, control of the rotation speed and orientation of the flushing beam relative to the swivel vortex cleaner Forced backwashing is carried out by a delay system for switching on and synchronizing angular positions.

Option 3 SHUUPro is also characterized by the presence of a shell of the shell with connecting both sides and with a through cylindrical bore hole, inside of which, without gaps with the walls of the hole, the swivels are fixed with the possibility of opening and closing to form in the closed state the shape of a hollow straight truncated cone centered along the axis of the hole, turned by a bell to the oncoming flow of water with balls, made in the form of a bobbin sieve or from a perforated steel sheet, parts of a ball-catching screen (ShUE). Parts of the ShUE are rotatably mounted on shafts mounted along the chords of the passage opening. The shafts of the parts of the ShUE are connected to a remote-controlled drive for opening and closing the ShUE, which is equipped with a rotation angle control device and a torque switch and is located on the outside of the housing. To prevent crushing of the parts of the circuit board during the opening, cuts were made at the places of possible intersection of the parts of the circuit board when it is opened, and fixed rigid inserts are fixed between the cutouts in the parts of the circuit board and the housing through hole in the housing, continuing the geometry of the cone shape of the circuit board. The inserts are also made in the form of a shpaltovy sieve or from perforated steel sheets. At the top of the truncated cone of the ShUE, a collector (pocket) is installed for balls with a gap with respect to the closed parts of the ShUE; an elastic sealant is provided for sealing the specified gap. The collector goes into the outlet pipe adjacent to the corresponding branch to remove the balls from ШУУпрО.

ShUE also has a rotary swirl cleaner on the inside of the cone forced backwash with the possibility of sliding on the inner surface of the cone during rotation from the axial drive rotor in both directions. Swirl Swirl Cleaner forced backwash, rigidly connected to the rotor, has the form of a radial casing ("tongue"), the lower part of which is tightly attached to the inner surface of the cone of the SHUS, repeating its forming surface. In its contour, the radial sides of the swirl vortex cleaner forced backwashing equipped with flexible seals, providing the necessary hydraulic seal covered with a cleaner part of the surface to be cleaned SHUS. The rotor of the forced backwash cleaner is a hollow shaft (pipe), the axis of which coincides with the axis of the SHUS. On the opposite side of the SHUS, the rotor is connected through a tight rotating connection to a rigidly fixed exhaust pipe for removing contaminants out of the SHUUPrO case. On the outside of the SHUUPrO case, a remotely controlled shutter is installed in the pollution removal pipe. The rotor bearing assembly and rotor drive are fixed inside the housing in support sheets or ribs, or segments, or extensions. The rotor drive consists of an external gearmotor, an internal gearbox and a cardan torque transmission system installed between their shafts. It is also possible the optional presence of forced flushing under excess pressure of pumping water from the outside of the cone, namely: if there is an additionally opposite vortex inductor on the other side of the SHUS, an appropriate sized vortex inductor is installed and can be rotated synchronously opposite the rotary vortex cleaner forced backwash in both directions of rotation a radial swivel hollow beam (pipe) with nozzles directed towards the inductor through the SHUS for forced washing of the SHUS under excess pressure of the wash water. The pressure pipe of the booster pump of the wash water is connected to the beam through a tight rotary connection with a static pressure pipe, which ensures the stability of the flow of wash water under pressure in their cavity, creating a condition for the beam to rotate 360 °. There is an option of two versions of the drive system of the forced washing beam: 1) with a common drive with a cleaner and movement from a single rotor; 2) with its independent drive, also consisting of an external gear motor, an internal gearbox and a cardan transmission system of torque installed between the shafts of the gearboxes; at the same time, control of the rotation speed and orientation of the flushing beam relative to the swivel vortex cleaner Forced backwashing is carried out by a delay system for switching on and synchronizing angular positions. Also, in the case of forced washing, the disclosure of the ShUE screens is possible only if the beam is angularly located in the area of the fixed inserts in order to avoid mechanical collision of the beam with the disclosed parts of the ShUE. In addition, for all three SHUUPro versions:

- if necessary, you can use a non-clogging pump mounted on the discharge pipe to form the guaranteed necessary speed and pressure of the return flow for cleaning the SHUS or ShUE.

- the drive system for cardan transmission of torque is located in an individual sealed enclosure and, as a rule, incorporates a safety clutch, which is mainly clearance-free with a ball gear.

- to ensure rotation of the rotors and shafts, sliding bearings are used, the nodes of which are fixed in the bearings, and polyformaldehyde (ROM, ROM-S, ROM-N, polyoxymethylene, polyacetal, oliformaldehyde) or polyethylene terephthalate is used as the material of the working element (sleeve, liner) PET, PET TF, polyethylene glycol terephthalate) (but the use of other materials and rolling bearings is not excluded).

List of figures

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a rotary vortex cleaner drive path forced backwashing (inductor) option 1 ШУУпрО;

FIG. 2 is a semitransparent isometric view of embodiment 1 of SHUUPrO;

FIG. 3 - block diagram of the manual mode of operation of option 1 SHUUPrO;

FIG. 4 - block diagram of the automatic mode of operation of option 1 SHUUPro;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the path of a common drive of a rotary vortex cleaner forced back-flushing and forced-flushing system (SPP) option 2 SHUUPro;

FIG. 6 is a semitransparent isometric view of embodiment 2 of the SHUUPrO with a common drive;

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the paths of separate drives of a rotary vortex cleaner forced backwashing and SPP option 2 SHUUPro;

FIG. 8 is a block diagram of the manual operation mode of embodiment 2 of the SHUUPrO;

FIG. 9 is a block diagram of an automatic operation mode of embodiment 2 of the SHUUPrO;

FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the drive paths of a rotary vortex cleaner forced backwashing and shafts of rotary mechanisms for opening the ShUE of option 3 of the ShUUPrO.

FIG. 11 is a semitransparent isometric view of embodiment 3 of the SHUUPrO with the ShUE;

FIG. 12, Fig. 13 is a front view and an isometric view of an embodiment 3 of a control room with a control room in a closed state;

FIG. 14, Fig. 15 is a front view and an isometric view of an embodiment 3 of a control room with open circuit control in an open state;

FIG. 16 is a block diagram of the manual mode of operation of option 3 of the control unit with a control unit;

FIG. 17 is a block diagram of an automatic mode of operation of embodiment 3 of the ShUUPrO with the ShUE;

FIG. 18 is a diagram of areas of normal operation and possible failure for various ratios of load torques of the SHUUPrO cleaner and the moment of the internal gearbox with and without the safety clutch in the rotor drive path.

The implementation of the invention In the figures in a single continuous numbering indicated positions:

1 (and 1 'in Fig. 7) is a gear motor;

2 (and 2 'in Fig. 7) - safety clutch;

3 (and 3 'in Fig. 7) - transmission (usually cardan);

4 (and 4 'in Fig. 7) - internal gear;

5 - rotor;

6 - rotary swirl cleaner forced backwashing;

7 - SHUS;

8 - collector collecting balls;

9 - beam SPP;

10 (and 10 'in Fig. 7) is a rotation angle sensor (DUP) of the shaft or rotor 5;

11 - ShUE (its parts);

12 - basic building ШУУ;

13 - pipe discharge of pollution;

14 - a lock of a branch pipe of removal of pollution;

15 - differential pressure measurement system;

16 - branch pipe balls;

17 - shutter pipe outlet balls;

18 - pressure pipe;

19 - a lock of a pressure head branch pipe;

20 - sealed rotary connection of the discharge pipe;

21 - shafts for turning parts of the ShUE 11;

22 - shaft drives for turning parts of the ShUE 11;

23 - stationary inserts in parts of the ShUE 11.

All elements in all SHUUPrO versions are mechanically combined into a single device inside and outside the ShUUPrO base cases.

SHUUPRO is delivered assembled with welded flanges, hatches and nozzles. To remove impurities and cleaning balls, two nozzles with mating flanges are welded into the housing 12 of the ШУУпрО. Between the welded and mating flanges, butterfly valves are installed. Manholes installed in the ШУУпрО case must provide access to internal elements for inspection, scheduled preventive repairs and maintenance. Tight manhole covers are provided with reusable gaskets.

SHUUPro includes a housing (shell) 12 with a through hole and with flanges (not shown in the figures) for installation in the pipe; nozzles of the differential pressure measurement system (SIPS) 15; differential pressure sensor; cleaner drive 6 (swirl swirl cleaner forced backwash) with the rotor 5 and the cleaner itself (vortex inductor) 6; SHUS 7 or ShUE 11, pipes (branch pipes) for water drainage with impurities 13 and for removal of cleaning balls 16 with corresponding shutters 14, 17. The case can, if necessary, be collapsible and with welded flanges, which allows for installation in cramped conditions. The rotor 5 of the cleaner 6 is a hollow shaft (pipe), the axis of which coincides with the axis of the SHUS 7 or ShUE 11. On the opposite side of the SHUS or ShUE and the drive, the rotor is connected through a rotary connection to a rigidly fixed exhaust pipe for removing contaminants removed from the ShUU casing . An external shutter 14 is installed on the outside of the casing in the discharge pipe 13.

In the ШУУпрО coaxial to the bore of the base case 12 ШУУ are installed ШУС 7 or ШУЭ 11 in the form of a truncated cone (taper angle from 30 ° to 75 °) with the apex in the direction of the water flow direction; at the top there is a collector 8 for collecting balls with a nozzle. With this arrangement, increased reliability of the collection of trapped balls in the active (central) part of the water flow is achieved. With the circulating water flow with balls, contaminants (solid and biological) are removed from the condenser, which adhere (settle) to the surface of the SHUS or ShUE under the influence of the circulation water flow, as a result of which the throughput of the ShUUPrO is reduced. For cleaning the surface of the SHUS or ShUE from contamination, a forced cleaning system (backwash) is provided, consisting of a backwash rotor 5 with a rigidly fixed rotary vortex cleaner 6 forced backwash, which from the internal gearbox 4, located in a sealed enclosure (not shown), can rotate in both directions. The cleaner (vortex inductor) 6 is mounted on a rotating rotor 5 with a pipe for water drainage with contaminants 13, and during rotation tightly fits its shutters to the SHUS or ShUE. The rotating rotor 5 is driven into rotation by means of a worm-planetary gear 4 located in a sealed gear housing. The tightness of the gear housing on the part of the rotating parts must be ensured by the use of a double seal of polyurethane and rubber cuffs (other materials are allowed). To control the tightness of the gear housing must have a control pipe in communication with the atmosphere.

As a cleaning measure, the direction of rotation of the rotor of the vortex inductor can also automatically change to the opposite when the SHUU sieve is soiled that it creates an unacceptable pressure drop on different sides of the sieve, which can lead to breakage.

The operation algorithms of all SHUUPro options have manual and automatic modes.

As an example, during the winter period of operation of the secondary school at Nizhnevartovskaya GRES, a significant increase in the hydraulic resistance of the ШУУ is observed, which occurs due to siltation of the ШУС. Taking into account all the collected data, three new design options for the ШУУпрО are provided that provide the hydraulic resistance of the ШУУ at the specified maximum values:

1. The first version with a cone-shaped SHUS with automatic backwash, providing a given throughput of the SHUUPrO and preventing the re-entry of contaminants into the condenser (heat exchanger) through the ball recirculation device (URS).

2. The second option with a cone-shaped SHUS with automatic backwash and equipped with an SPP that provides a directed high-pressure water jet to effectively wash the SHUS surface from solid and biological contaminants;

3. The third option with a cone-shaped ballistic control device with automatic backwash and with a ballistic opening mechanism providing an emergency (emergency) reduction of the hydraulic resistance of the flowing stream through the control unit during the absence of cleaning balls in the circulation stream.

Computer simulations of hydraulic processes and hydraulic calculations in all three SHUUPrO versions showed a significant decrease in the maximum pressure drops on the SHUS and ShUE from option 1 to option 3 with the help of additional forced cleaning systems and meeting the requirements of the technical specifications for ShUUPrO, namely:

- in “Option 1” the maximum value of the differential pressure is 9696 Pa;

- in “Option 2” the maximum value of the differential pressure is 6287 Pa;

- in “Option 3” the maximum pressure drop is 2011 Pa.

Option 1 (Fig. 1, 2, 3, 4). The most structurally simple SHUUPrO equipped with a stationary SHUS in the form of a straight truncated cone, with a cleaner (vortex inductor) with a drive, with automatic washing (cleaning) with a reverse flow.

In the first embodiment, ШУУпрО contains a single through tubular housing 12 with flanges on both sides, inside the cylindrical bore of the casing (without gaps with the walls of the bore) there is a fixed SHUS 7 (in the form of a mesh or a splint sieve), which has the form of a housing centered on the axis of the bore hollow straight circular truncated cone, turned by a bell to the incoming flow of water with balls and having on its inner side a rotary vortex cleaner forced backwash 6 with the possibility of sliding on the inner surface of the cone when rotating from the central drive rotor 5 of the cleaner, the nozzle 13 for dumping the contaminants cleaned from the SCH, and a collector (pocket) 8 for trapped balls is hermetically mounted on the top of the hollow truncated cone. The collector (pocket) 8 for the balls goes into the outlet pipe 16, adjacent to the corresponding branch to remove the balls from ШУУпрО.

SHUUPro is coaxially and hermetically installed in a water supply pipe - a circulation water conduit (circulating water conduit). With a large size of the inner diameter of the bore of the ШУУпро case for the large size of the circulating water pipe, the ШУС can be made of equal radial segments (sections, lobes) installed among themselves without a gap (rigidly fastened to each other) in the form of a single straight cone. In each segment, a mesh (sieve) is rigidly fixed, made according to the technology (principle) of a bobbin sieve or from perforated steel sheets.

On the inlet side, in the direction of the SCH 7 flow, there is a forced cleaning rotor 5 (backwash) with a rigidly fixed rotary vortex cleaner forced backwash 6, which from the rotor drive can rotate in both directions. A rotary vortex inductor, rigidly connected to its rotor, has the form of a casing (cover, “tongue”), the lower (radial) part of which is closely adjacent to the inner surface of the SHUS cone, repeating its forming surface. According to their contour (perimeter), the radial sides of the cleaner (casing) 6 are equipped with flexible seals (shutters, scrapers) that provide the necessary hydraulic seal (closing) of the part of the surface of the SHUS 7 to be cleaned.

The rotor 5 is a hollow shaft (pipe), the axis of which coincides with the axis of the SHUS 7. The sliding bearing unit of the rotor and the rotor drive are fixed inside the housing 12 in the supporting sheets, either ribs, or segments, or braces. The rotor drive usually consists of an external motor gearbox 1, an internal gearbox 4 and a transmission system (usually cardan) 3 of torque installed between their shafts.

On the opposite side of the SHUS, the rotor 5 is connected through a sealed rotating connection to a rigidly fixed exhaust pipe for removing contaminants 13 discharged from the housing 12 of the ШУУпрО. From the outer side of the housing 12 ШУУпрО in the pipe for removing contaminants 13 is installed remotely controlled shutter (valve) 14.

The cleaning balls move with the fluid flow along the generatrix of the SHUS 7 cone towards the collector 8, from where they are evacuated by the ball recirculation device (URS) (not shown). With the flow of the ball-water mixture from the condenser, contaminants are transported and, under hydraulic pressure of the stream, adhere (settle) to the SHUS 7. With increasing pollution, the pressure differential between the zones of the inlet and outlet of the stream (before and after) of the SHUS increases, until the specified boundary is reached. By the signal of the differential pressure measurement system (SIAP) 15, a timer, or by an operator's command, the SCH 7 backwash process is started 7. The shutter 14 of the contaminant discharge pipe 13 opens and the rotor drive 5 with a rotary vortex cleaner is turned on forced backwash 6, which, rotating at a given speed, moves along the surface of the SHUS 7. The SHUS 7 is cleaned according to the principle of “backwash with reduced pressure”. Flexible seals (seals) of the vortex cleaner 6, adjacent to the SHUS 7, create a sealed chamber (spot) above the surface to be cleaned. The pressure differential that occurs in the chamber between the surface to be cleaned of the SHUS 7 and the open shutter 14 of the discharge pipe 13 creates a reverse flow. The settled and adhering particles of contaminants are captured by the backwash flow and washed into the contaminant discharge pipe 13. Upon reaching the set value of the “zero” differential pressure, a signal is supplied from SIPD 15 (either from a timer or by an operator's command), the rotation of the rotor 5 stops, the shutter 14 drainage closes.

This solution of option 1 allows you to clean the surface of the SHUS 7 adjacent to the cleaner 6, in automatic mode as the ball-catching elements become dirty. The backwash system removes contaminants out of the circuit, reducing the ingress of contaminants into the condenser through the URS.

Algorithms of the operating modes of option 1 SHUUPro:

1. Manual (Fig. 3):

1.1. Collecting balls;

1.2. Peace; 1.2.1. Flushing.

2. Automatic (Fig. 4):

2.1. Monitoring (automatic mode);

2.2. Ball recycling (collecting balls);

2.3. Flushing.

1. Manual. In manual mode, all commands are executed according to the command (signal) of the operator, to whom the SIPS (differential pressure measurement system) continuously transmits information about the pressure difference between the cameras before and after the SHUS.

1.1 Collection of balls. At the signal of the operator, the system goes into the mode of collecting balls:

Затвор патрубка отвода шариков «открыт»;

The shutter of the outlet pipe balls "open";

Насос УРШ (устройства рециркуляции шариков) включается, заслонка загрузочной камеры УРШ открывается, очищающие шарики подаются в СШО через «Устройство ввода шариков». Очищающие шарики перемещаются с потоком через конденсатор, попадают в ШУУ, где двигаются вдоль конуса ШУС по направлению к коллектору, откуда вакуумируются устройством рециркуляции шариков (УРШ);

The URSh pump (balls recirculation device) is turned on, the URSh loading chamber shutter opens, the cleaning balls are fed to the school through the "Balls input device". The cleaning balls move with the flow through the condenser and enter the SHUU, where they move along the SHUS cone towards the collector, from where they are evacuated by the ball recirculation device (URS);

По сигналу оператора закрывается заслонка загрузочной камеры, по истечении «Времени СШЗК» отключается насос УРШ, система переходит в режим покоя. «Время СШЗК» - это заданное время сбора шариков в загрузочной камере УРШ, которое исчисляется от закрытия заслонки загрузочной камеры до сбора шариков в УРШ. При открытой заслонке загрузочной камеры и включенном насосе происходит непрерывная рециркуляция очищающих шариков, т.е. непрерывная очистка конденсатора;

At the signal of the operator, the shutter of the loading chamber is closed, after the “SSSZK time” the URSh pump is turned off, the system goes into standby mode. “SSHZK time” is the specified time for collecting balls in the loading chamber of the URSh, which is calculated from closing the shutter of the loading chamber to collecting balls in the URSh. With the shutter of the loading chamber open and the pump turned on, continuous cleaning balls recirculation occurs, i.e. continuous cleaning of the capacitor;

В случае аварийной ситуации: насос УРШ выключается; запорная арматура на патрубках отвода шариков в состояние "закрыто"; шарики остаются в системе.

In case of emergency: the URSh pump is turned off; shutoff valves on branch pipes of removal of balls in the state "closed"; balls remain in the system.

1.2. Peace. At the operator’s signal, the system goes into standby mode:

Затвор патрубка отвода шариков «закрыт»;

The shutter of the outlet pipe balls "closed";

Привод очистителя 6 «выключен»;

Drive cleaner 6 "off";

Затвор патрубка отвода загрязнений «закрыт»;

The shutter of the branch pipe of pollution removal is “closed”;

Насос УРШ «выключен»;

Pump URSh "off";

В случае аварийной ситуации: запорная арматура на патрубках отвода шариков переходит в состояние "закрыто".

In the event of an emergency: the shut-off valves on the outlet pipes of the balls go into the "closed" state.

1.2.1. Flushing. At the operator’s signal, the system switches from standby to flushing mode.

На заданное в системе время включается насос УРШ для сбора оставшихся шариков из коллектора;

At the time specified in the system, the URSh pump is turned on to collect the remaining balls from the collector;

Выключается насос УРШ, арматура патрубка отвода шариков закрывается;

The URSh pump is turned off, the armature of the branch pipe is closed;

Открывается затвор патрубка отвода загрязнений и включается привод ротора с вихревым индуктором. Происходит промывка.

The shutter opens the drain pipe and the rotor drive with a vortex inductor is turned on. Flushing occurs.

По сигналу оператора вращение ротора прекращается, затвор отвода загрязнений закрывается, система переходит в режим покоя.

At the signal of the operator, the rotation of the rotor stops, the drainage shutter closes, the system goes into standby mode.

В случае аварийной ситуации:

In case of emergency:

Привод очистителя 6 «выключен»;

Drive cleaner 6 "off";

затвор патрубка отвода загрязнений «закрыт».

the shutter of the branch pipe of pollution removal is “closed”.

2. Automatic. In automatic mode, all commands are executed according to the given logic:

2.1. Monitoring In automatic mode, the SHUU PrO switches to the “monitoring” mode, in which continuous monitoring of the pressure drop between the chambers before and after the SHUS occurs:

Затвор патрубка отвода шариков «закрыт»;

The shutter of the outlet pipe balls "closed";

Затвор патрубка отвода загрязнений «закрыт»;

The shutter of the branch pipe of pollution removal is “closed”;

Привод очистителя 6 «выключен»;

Drive cleaner 6 "off";

Насос УРШ «выключен»;

Pump URSh "off";

Заслонка загрузочной камеры УРШ «закрыта».

The flap of the URSh loading chamber is “closed”.

2.2 Ball collecting / Ball recycling / Collecting remaining balls. According to the automation signal (given algorithm), the system switches to the mode of collecting balls:

Арматура патрубка отвода шариков «открыта»;

The fittings of the outlet pipe balls "open";

Насос УРШ «включен»;

Pump URSh "on";

По сигналу закрывается заслонка загрузочной камеры, по истечению «Времени СШЗК» «выключается» насос УРШ, затвор патрубка отвода шариков «закрывается».

At the signal, the shutter of the loading chamber closes, after the “Time of SSHZK” expires, the URSh pump “turns off”, the shutter of the ball outlet pipe “closes”.

В случае аварийной ситуации:

In case of emergency:

насос УРШ «выключен»;

URSh pump is “off”;

затвор патрубка отвода шариков «закрыт» (шарики остаются в системе).

the shutter of the ball outlet pipe is “closed” (the balls remain in the system).

2.3. Flushing. When the set differential pressure point is reached by the SIPS signal, the system switches to the “flushing” mode:

Затвор патрубка сброса загрязнений «открыт»;

The shutter of the discharge pipe is “open”;

Привод ротора с очистителем 6 «включен»;

Rotor drive with cleaner 6 “on”;

По достижению заданной величины, «нулевого» перепада давления, подается сигнал от СИПД, ротор продолжает движение заданное время и останавливается, затвор отвода загрязнений закрывается.

Upon reaching the set value, the “zero” differential pressure, a signal is supplied from the SIPD, the rotor continues to move for a predetermined time and stops, the shutter of the exhaust discharge closes.

В случае аварийной ситуации:

In case of emergency:

Насос УРШ «выключен»;

Pump URSh "off";

Привод очистителя 6 «выключен»;

Drive cleaner 6 "off";

Затвор патрубка отвода загрязнений «закрыт»;

The shutter of the branch pipe of pollution removal is “closed”;

Затвор отвода шариков «закрыт». Вариант 2 (Фиг. 5, 6, 7, 8, 9). Шарикоулавливающее устройство с автоматической промывкой обратным потоком (как в варианте 1), дополнительно оснащенное системой принудительной промывки (СПП). СПП обеспечивает очистку поверхности ШУС 7 от налипшего ила и обрастающих биологических организмов, которые развиваются в теплом, насыщенном органическими веществами водяном потоке, выходящим из конденсатора.

Ball retraction shutter “closed”. Option 2 (Fig. 5, 6, 7, 8, 9). Ball catching device with automatic backwash (as in option 1), additionally equipped with a forced flushing system (SPP). SPP provides cleaning the surface of SCH 7 from adhering sludge and fouling biological organisms that develop in a warm, saturated with organic substances water stream leaving the condenser.

In the second embodiment, the ШУУпрО of its ШУС 7 from the first embodiment is additionally equipped with a forced flushing system (SPP), the installation of which is necessary for a large degree of clogged flow with balls. SPP is a hollow beam (pipe) 9, corresponding to the size of the cleaner 6, but located on the outside of the cone SHUS 7 opposite the cleaner 6 and having water nozzles (not shown) directed towards the cleaner 6 through the SHUS 7. The SPP is designed for an additional high-pressure washing the SHUS 7. Using a rotary drive, the beam 9 of the SPP should rotate synchronously opposite the vortex cleaner 6 in both directions of rotation. The drive beam 9 SPP can have two different designs:

1. The common drive of the beam and rotor (Fig. 5, 6), consisting of an external motor gearbox 1, an internal gearbox 4 and a cardan transmission system 3 of torque installed between the shafts of the gearboxes. In this design, the SPP is simultaneously turned on with the inductor 6 of the forced cleaning of the SHUS and moves from a single rotor 5.

2. An independent drive for the SPP (Fig. 7), which also consists of an external gear motor 1 ', an internal gear 4' and a cardan transmission system 3 'of torque installed between the shafts of the gearboxes. The control of the rotation speed and orientation of the flushing beam 9 of the SPP relative to the vortex cleaner 6 is carried out by a delay system for turning on and synchronizing angular positions using rotation angle sensors (DUP) of the shaft or rotor (10 and 10 '). Depending on the selected operating mode, the switching of the SPP can occur with a delay in relation to the forced cleaning system (delay in turning on the beam 9 relative to the cleaner 6. Example: upon a signal, the inductor 6 cleans the surface, after a while the beam 9 is turned on, which washes dirt from the interstitial space of the broom sieve). The sliding bearing assembly of the independent drive for the SPP is also fixed in the supports (segment ribs, braces, shafts).

Using the drive, the beam 9 rotates opposite the vortex cleaner 6 from the opposite side of the SHUS 7 in both directions. From the nozzles located in the beam 9, water is supplied under pressure from the circulation conduit taken after the pre-filter (FP) or other source. The pressure of the wash water is pumped by a stationary pump (not shown) into the discharge pipe 18 into which the automated shutter 19 is installed. The pressure pipe 18 of the pipe of the wash water pump is connected to the SPP beam 9 through a sealed rotary joint 20, which ensures a stable passage of the pressure wash water in their cavity, creating the condition for a complete rotation of the beam 360 °. To prevent clogging of the nozzles of the SPP, a filter (not shown) should be installed at the inlet of the pump intake pipe.

Cleaning the SHUS 7 in the second embodiment of the SHUUPrO takes place in two stages.

At the first stage, the inner surface of the SHUS 7 is cleaned with a reverse flow using the reduced pressure created by the vortex cleaner 6. In this way, contaminants from the surface of the SHUS 7 in the contact zone with the shutter of the vortex cleaner 6 are removed.

In the second stage, to the swirl swirl cleaner forced backwash 6 connects the SPP using the on-delay system and the position sensor 10 of the vortex cleaner 6 so that the nozzles of the beam 9 of the SPP are directed into the casing of the vortex cleaner 6. From the nozzles located in the beam 9, rinse water is circulated from the circulation pressure water pipe taken after the pre-filter (FP) or from another source. Flushing fluid pressure is pumped by a stationary pump. Directional water flow from the nozzles towards the swirl swirl forced backwash 6 enhances the backwash flow. The pressure jet directed from the nozzles towards the SHUS 7 mechanically removes adhering dirt from the openings of the perforated mesh sheet (or inter-gap spaces of a bobbin sieve). The washed away contaminants are picked up by the reverse flow with the help of reduced pressure (vacuum) created by the vortex cleaner 6 and are removed through the branch pipe 13.

At the end of the forced flushing, a signal is supplied from the differential pressure measurement system (SIPD) (either from a timer or at the command of the operator), the rotor of the beam 9 of the SPP is turned off, the shutters of the pump nozzles are closed.

This solution of option 2 allows you to clean the surface of the SCH 7 adjacent to the cleaner (vortex inductor) 6, as well as the interstitial spaces and the outer surface of the SCH from adhering sludge, which in turn significantly increases the overall cleaning efficiency. The system operates in automatic mode as the SHUS 7 is contaminated. The backwash system removes contaminants out of the circuit, reducing the ingress of contaminants into the condenser through the URS.

The algorithms of the operating modes of option 2 SHUUPrO (Fig. 8, 9):

1. Manual (Fig. 8):

1.1. Collecting balls;

1.2. Peace;

1.2.1. Flushing.

1.2.2. Forced Flushing (SPP)

2. Automatic (Fig. 9):

2.1. Monitoring (automatic mode);

2.2. Ball recycling (collecting balls);

2.3. Flushing.

2.3.1. Forced Flushing (SPP)

1. Manual. In manual mode, all commands are executed at the signal of the operator, to whom the SIPS (differential pressure measurement system) continuously transmits information about the pressure difference between the cameras before and after the SHUS.

1.1 Ball collection:

Затвор патрубка отвода шариков «открыт»;

The shutter of the outlet pipe balls "open";

Насос УРШ «включен»;

Pump URSh "on";

Привод СПП «выключен» (при наличии);

The SPP drive is “off” (if available);

Заслонка загрузочной камеры УРШ «открыта»;

The flap of the loading chamber of the URSh is “open”;

По сигналу оператора закрывается заслонка загрузочной камеры, по истечению «Времени СШЗК» «выключается» насос УРШ система переходит в режим «покоя».

At the signal of the operator, the shutter of the loading chamber is closed, after the expiration of the “SSSZK time”, the URSh pump “switches off” and the system goes into “rest” mode.

В случае аварийной ситуации:

In case of emergency:

Насос УРШ «выключен»;

Pump URSh "off";

Затвор патрубка отвода шариков «закрыта» (шарики остаются в системе).

The shutter for the ball outlet pipe is “closed” (the balls remain in the system).

1.2. Rest:

Затвор патрубка отвода шариков «закрыт»;

The shutter of the outlet pipe balls "closed";

Привод вихревого очистителя 6 «выключен»

Swirl Cleaner Drive 6 “Off”

Затвор патрубка отвода загрязнений «закрыт»;

The shutter of the branch pipe of pollution removal is “closed”;

Насос УРШ «выключен».

The URSh pump is “off”.

1.2.1. Flushing:

Затвор патрубка отвода загрязнений «открыт»;

The shutter of the branch pipe of pollution removal is “open”;

Привод ротора с вихревым очистителем 6 «включен»;

The rotor drive with a vortex cleaner 6 "included";

. В случае аварийной ситуации:

. In case of emergency:

Привод вихревого очистителя 6 «выключен»;

The vortex cleaner drive 6 is “off”;

Затвор патрубка отвода загрязнений «закрыт».

The shutter of the branch pipe of pollution removal is “closed”.

1.2.2. Forced Cleaning (SPP).

• In case of joint drive of vortex cleaner 6 and SPP:

По сигналу оператора затвор напорного патрубка переходит в

At the signal of the operator, the pressure head shutter goes into

open position; o the pump is on.

В случае раздельного привода вихревого очистителя 6 и СПП;

In the case of a separate drive vortex cleaner 6 and SPP;

По сигналу оператора, при помощи системы задержки

At the signal of the operator, using the delay system

switch on and synchronize angular positions; the SPP drive turns on as soon as the swirl swirl a forced backwash will be opposite the SPP beam;

Затвор напорного патрубка «открыт»;

Pressure port shutter “open”;

Насос «включен».

The pump is on.

. В случае аварийной ситуации:

. In case of emergency:

Насос «выключен»;

The pump is “off”;

Затвор напорного патрубка «закрыт».

Pressure port shutter “closed”.

2. Automatic. In automatic mode, all commands are executed according to the given logic:

2.1. Monitoring In automatic mode, the SHUU PrO switches to the “monitoring” mode, in which continuous monitoring of the pressure drop between the chambers before and after the SHUS occurs:

Затвор патрубка отвода шариков «закрыт»;

The shutter of the outlet pipe balls "closed";

Затвор патрубка отвода загрязнений «закрыт»;

The shutter of the branch pipe of pollution removal is “closed”;

Привод вихревого очиститель 6 «выключен»;

Vortex cleaner drive 6 “off”;

Привод СПП «выключен» (при наличии);

The SPP drive is “off” (if available);

Насос УРШ «выключен»;

Pump URSh "off";

Заслонка загрузочной камеры УРШ «закрыта».

The flap of the URSh loading chamber is “closed”.

2.2 Ball collecting / Ball recycling / Collecting remaining balls. According to the automation signal (given algorithm), the system switches to the mode of collecting balls:

Арматура патрубка отвода шариков «открыта»;

The fittings of the outlet pipe balls "open";

Насос УРШ «включен»;

Pump URSh "on";

По сигналу закрывается заслонка загрузочной камеры, по истечению «Времени СШЗК» «выключается» насос УРШ, затвор патрубка отвода шариков «закрывается».

At the signal, the shutter of the loading chamber closes, after the “Time of SSHZK” expires, the URSh pump “turns off”, the shutter of the ball outlet pipe “closes”.

В случае аварийной ситуации:

In case of emergency:

насос УРШ «выключен»;

URSh pump is “off”;

затвор патрубка отвода шариков «закрыт» (шарики остаются в системе).

the shutter of the ball outlet pipe is “closed” (the balls remain in the system).

2.3. Flushing. When the set differential pressure point is reached by the SIPS signal, the system switches to the “flushing” mode:

Затвор патрубка сброса загрязнений «открыт»;

The shutter of the discharge pipe is “open”;

Привод ротора с вихревым очистителем 6 «включен»;

The rotor drive with a vortex cleaner 6 "included";

По достижению заданной величины, «нулевого» перепада давления, подается сигнал от СИПД, ротор продолжает движение заданное время и останавливается, затвор отвода загрязнений закрывается.

Upon reaching the set value, the “zero” differential pressure, a signal is supplied from the SIPD, the rotor continues to move for a predetermined time and stops, the shutter of the exhaust discharge closes.

В случае аварийной ситуации:

In case of emergency:

Насос УРШ «выключен»;

Pump URSh "off";

Привод вихревого очиститель 6 «выключен»;

Vortex cleaner drive 6 “off”;

Затвор патрубка отвода загрязнений «закрыт»;

The shutter of the branch pipe of pollution removal is “closed”;

Затвор отвода шариков «закрыт».

Ball retraction shutter “closed”.

2.3.1. Forced Cleaning (SPP):

В случае совместного привода вихревого очистителя 6 и СПП:

In the case of a joint drive of the vortex cleaner 6 and SPP:

Затвор напорного патрубка «открыт»;

Pressure port shutter “open”;

Насос «включен».

The pump is on.

В случае раздельного привода вихревого очистителя 6 и СПП;

In the case of a separate drive vortex cleaner 6 and SPP;

По сигналу автоматики, через установленное время, при помощи системы задержки включения и синхронизации угловых положений привод СПП включается, как только вихревой очиститель будет находиться напротив балки СПП;

According to the automation signal, after a set time, by means of a delay system for switching on and synchronizing angular positions, the SPP drive is switched on as soon as the vortex cleaner is opposite the SPP beam;

Затвор напорного патрубка «открыт»;

Pressure port shutter “open”;

Насос «включен»;

The pump is on;

В случае аварийной ситуации:

In case of emergency:

Насос «выключен»;

The pump is “off”;

Затвор напорного патрубка «закрыт».

Pressure port shutter “closed”.

Option 3 SHUUPrO (Fig. 10-17). ШУУ, equipped with ball-catching screens (ШУЭ) 11 in the form of a straight truncated cone with an opening mechanism and with automatic backwash.

In the third embodiment, ШУУпрО, if necessary, if it is necessary to open ШУЭ 11 at the moment of exceeding a predetermined (emergency) pressure drop before and after the ШУЭ (in this case, all the balls located between the ball-entry device and the ШУУ are lost); if the flow area is increased instead of the stationary SHUS 7, for water at the moment of starting and stopping the circulating pumps of the coastal pumping station / cooling towers, they can be equipped with movable (rotary) ball-catching screens (ШУЭ) 11 in the general form of a truncated cone in the closed state and with the mechanism of rotary opening of the screens along the incident water flow for emergency (emergency) reduction of hydraulic resistance to the passing flow. ШУЭ 11 consists of two or more equal parts-screens mounted with the possibility of rotation on the shafts 21 mounted on chords symmetrically and parallel to each other located on the round cross-section of the passage through hole of the case 12 of ШУУпрО.the design allows you to open the ShUE 11 along the flow of water.

In the closed state, the ShUE 11 have the shape of a straight truncated cone, which is coaxially mounted in the ShUUPrO housing 12, with its apex in the direction of the circulation flow. At the top of the ShUE 11, a collector 8 for collecting balls with a gap with respect to the closed screens of the ShUE 11 is installed, and an elastic sealant (not shown) is provided for sealing the specified gap.

Each screen of the ShUE 11 is rigidly mounted on its shaft 21, passing through its

the chord of the bore of the housing 12 of the SHUUPro, and all these shafts 21 are synchronously controlled by a single drive or individual drives 22 of the disclosure of the ShUE 11. The drive 22 of the disclosure of screens, equipped with a rotation angle control device and a torque switch, is located on the outside of the housing 12 of the ШУУ. To prevent crushing of the screens of the ShUE 11 against each other during opening, cutouts are provided at the places of possible intersection of the screens. Between the cutouts in the screens and the passage opening of the housing, stationary inserts 23 are fixed in the housing, continuing the geometry of the shape of the cone of the ShUE 11. The inserts 23 are rigidly fixed to the inner surface of the housing 12 between the cuts of the ShUE and the shell, they are ball pickup elements that form a ball catching element together with the closed parts of the ShUE 11 sieve in the form of a truncated cone. The inserts 23 can be made of a perforated sheet (sieves, bobbin sieves, gratings) to reduce hydraulic resistance and maintain the throughput of the ШУЭ 11. In the case of an SPP, the disclosure of the parts of the ШУЭ 11 is possible only with a certain location of the SPP beam 9 in the area of the inserts 23, so that there is no mechanical collision of the beam 9 SPP with the disclosed parts of the ShUE 11.

During the collection of balls or forced washing, the ShUE 11 is in the closed state. Upon completion of the collection of balls, a signal is sent to move the vortex inductor 6 simultaneously with the SPP (if any) to the "zero position" determined by the position sensor (DUP) 10, then a signal is issued to open the VCS 11. The "zero position" of the vortex inductor 6 with the SPP (if any) is determined by such a location in which a collision with parts of ShUE 11 is excluded at the time of their disclosure. Before starting the cleaning balls, a signal to close the ShUE is sent to the circuit of the circulating water supply system of the secondary school.

This solution of option 3 is similar to a ШУУ with automatic backwash, but differs in that ШУЭ 11 are equipped with a rotary mechanism that allows opening parts of ШУЭ 11 along the flow. The drive 22 of the disclosure of the parts of the ShUE, equipped with a rotation angle control device and a torque switch, is located on the outside of the housing 12. This solution allows you to clean the surface of the ShUE 11 adjacent to the cleaner (vortex inductor) 6 in automatic mode as the ball collecting elements become contaminated. The backwash system removes contaminants out of the circuit, reducing the ingress of contaminants into the condenser through the URS. The above solution with ШУЭ 11 allows you to significantly increase the flow area for water in the event of an emergency operation of the condenser unit.

The algorithms of the operating modes of option 3 SHUUPrO (Fig. 16, 17):

1. Manual (Fig. 16):

1.1. Collecting balls;

1.2. Peace; 1.2.1. Flushing.

1.2.2. ShUE position (“close” / “open”)

2. Automatic (Fig. 17):

2.1. Monitoring (automatic mode);

2.2. Ball recycling (collecting balls);

2.3. Flushing.

2.4. ShUE position (“close” / “open”)

1. Manual. In manual mode, all commands are executed at the signal of the operator, to whom the SIPS (differential pressure measurement system) continuously transmits information about the pressure difference between the cameras before and after the ShUE.

1.1 Collection of balls. At the signal of the operator, the system goes into the mode of collecting balls:

Затвор патрубка отвода шариков «открыт»;

The shutter of the outlet pipe balls "open";

Насос УРШ «включен»;

Pump URSh "on";

Привод СПП «выключен» (при наличии);

The SPP drive is “off” (if available);

Заслонка загрузочной камеры УРШ «открыта»;

The flap of the loading chamber of the URSh is “open”;

ШУЭ «закрыты»;

ShUE "closed";

По сигналу оператора закрывается заслонка загрузочной камеры, по истечению «Времени СШЗК» «выключается» насос УРШ система переходит в режим «покоя».

At the signal of the operator, the shutter of the loading chamber is closed, after the expiration of the “SSSZK time”, the URSh pump “switches off” and the system goes into “rest” mode.

В случае аварийной ситуации:

In case of emergency:

Насос УРШ «выключен»;

Pump URSh "off";

Затвор патрубка отвода шариков «закрыта» (шарики остаются в системе);

The shutter of the outlet pipe for balls is “closed” (balls remain in the system);

ШУЭ остаются в неподвижном положении.

ShUE remain motionless.

1.2. Rest:

Затвор патрубка отвода шариков «закрыт»;

The shutter of the outlet pipe balls "closed";

Привод вихревого индуктора «выключен»

Vortex inductor drive “off”

Затвор патрубка отвода загрязнений «закрыт»;

The shutter of the branch pipe of pollution removal is “closed”;

Насос УРШ «выключен»;

Pump URSh "off";

ШУЭ в выбранном оператором положении «открыты» или «закрыты».

ShUE in the position chosen by the operator is “open” or “closed”.

1.2.1. Flushing:

Затвор патрубка отвода загрязнений «открыт»;

The shutter of the branch pipe of pollution removal is “open”;

Привод ротора с вихревым очистителем 6 «включен»;

The rotor drive with a vortex cleaner 6 "included";

ШУЭ «закрыты»;

ShUE "closed";

. В случае аварийной ситуации:

. In case of emergency:

Привод вихревого очистителя 6 «выключен»;

The vortex cleaner drive 6 is “off”;

Затвор патрубка отвода загрязнений «закрыт»;

The shutter of the branch pipe of pollution removal is “closed”;

ШУЭ остаются в неподвижном положении.

ShUE remain motionless.

1.2.2. Forced Cleaning (SPP) (if available):

В случае совместного привода вихревого очистителя 6 и СПП:

In the case of a joint drive of the vortex cleaner 6 and SPP:

По сигналу оператора затвор напорного патрубка переходит в положение «открыто»;

At the signal of the operator, the shutter of the discharge pipe goes into the “open” position;

ШУЭ «закрыты»;

ShUE "closed";

Насос «включен».

The pump is on.

В случае раздельного привода вихревого индуктора и СПП;

In the case of a separate drive of a vortex inductor and SPP;

По сигналу оператора, при помощи системы задержки включения и синхронизации угловых положений привод СПП включается, как только вихревой очиститель 6 будет находиться напротив балки СПП;

According to the operator’s signal, with the help of a delay system for switching on and synchronizing angular positions, the SPP drive is turned on as soon as the vortex cleaner 6 is opposite the SPP beam;

ШУЭ «закрыты»;

ShUE "closed";

Затвор напорного патрубка «открыт»;

Pressure port shutter “open”;

Насос «включен».

The pump is on.

. В случае аварийной ситуации:

. In case of emergency:

Насос «выключен»;

The pump is “off”;

Затвор напорного патрубка «закрыт»;

Pressure port shutter “closed”;

ШУЭ остаются в неподвижном положении.

ShUE remain motionless.

1.2.2. ShUE position:

Оператор определяет самостоятельно положение ШУЭ, которые могут быть «закрыты» или «открыты».

The operator independently determines the position of the ShUE, which can be “closed” or “open”.

2. Automatic. In automatic mode, all commands are executed according to the given logic:

2.1. Monitoring In automatic mode, the SHUU PrO switches to the “monitoring” mode, in which continuous monitoring of the pressure drop between the chambers before and after the SHUS occurs:

Затвор патрубка отвода шариков «закрыт»;

The shutter of the outlet pipe balls "closed";

Затвор патрубка отвода загрязнений «закрыт»;

The shutter of the branch pipe of pollution removal is “closed”;

Привод вихревого очистителя «выключен»;

The vortex cleaner drive is “off”;

Привод СПП «выключен» (при наличии);

The SPP drive is “off” (if available);

Насос УРШ «выключен»;

Pump URSh "off";

Заслонка загрузочной камеры УРШ «закрыта».

The flap of the URSh loading chamber is “closed”.

ШУЭ в выбранном оператором положении «открыты» или «закрыты».

ShUE in the position chosen by the operator is “open” or “closed”.

2.2 Ball collecting / Ball recycling / Collecting remaining balls. According to the automation signal (given algorithm), the system switches to the mode of collecting balls:

ШУЭ «закрыты»;

ShUE "closed";

Арматура патрубка отвода шариков «открыта»;

The fittings of the outlet pipe balls "open";

Насос УРШ «включен»;

Pump URSh "on";

По сигналу закрывается заслонка загрузочной камеры, по истечению «Времени СШЗК» «выключается» насос УРШ, затвор патрубка отвода шариков «закрывается».

At the signal, the shutter of the loading chamber closes, after the “Time of SSHZK” expires, the URSh pump “turns off”, the shutter of the ball outlet pipe “closes”.

В случае аварийной ситуации:

In case of emergency:

насос УРШ «выключен»;

URSh pump is “off”;

затвор патрубка отвода шариков «закрыт» (шарики остаются в системе);

the shutter of the ball outlet pipe is “closed” (the balls remain in the system);

ШУЭ остаются в неподвижном положении. 2.3. Промывка. При достижении заданной точки перепада давления по сигналу СИПД система переходит в режим «промывки»:

ShUE remain motionless. 2.3. Flushing. When the set differential pressure point is reached by the SIPS signal, the system switches to the “flushing” mode:

ШУЭ «закрыты»;

ShUE "closed";

Затвор патрубка сброса загрязнений «открыт»;

The shutter of the discharge pipe is “open”;

Привод ротора с вихревым очистителем 6 «включен»;

The rotor drive with a vortex cleaner 6 "included";

По достижению заданной величины, «нулевого» перепада давления, подается сигнал от СИПД, ротор продолжает движение заданное время и останавливается, затвор отвода загрязнений закрывается.

Upon reaching the set value, the “zero” differential pressure, a signal is supplied from the SIPD, the rotor continues to move for a predetermined time and stops, the shutter of the exhaust discharge closes.

В случае аварийной ситуации:

In case of emergency:

Насос УРШ «выключен»;

Pump URSh "off";

Привод вихревого очистителя «выключен»;

The vortex cleaner drive is “off”;

Затвор патрубка отвода загрязнений «закрыт»;

The shutter of the branch pipe of pollution removal is “closed”;

Затвор отвода шариков «закрыт»

Ball retraction shutter “closed”

about ShUE remain motionless.

2.3.1. Forced Cleaning (SPP) (if available):

В случае совместного привода вихревого очистителя и СПП:

In the case of a joint drive of a vortex cleaner and SPP:

Затвор напорного патрубка «открыт»;

Pressure port shutter “open”;

Насос «включен».

The pump is on.

В случае раздельного привода вихревого очистителя и СПП;

In the case of a separate drive vortex cleaner and SPP;

По сигналу автоматики, через установленное время, при помощи системы задержки включения и синхронизации угловых положений привод СПП включается, как только вихревой очиститель будет находиться напротив балки СПП;

According to the automation signal, after a set time, by means of a delay system for switching on and synchronizing angular positions, the SPP drive is switched on as soon as the vortex cleaner is opposite the SPP beam;

Затвор напорного патрубка «открыт»;

Pressure port shutter “open”;

Насос «включен»;

The pump is on;

В случае аварийной ситуации:

In case of emergency:

Насос «выключен»;

The pump is “off”;

Затвор напорного патрубка «закрыт»;

Pressure port shutter “closed”;

ШУЭ остаются в неподвижном положении. Практика работы традиционных ШУУ показала, что возможно также аварийное заклинивание подшипников скольжения подвижных частей ШУУ (роторов, валов) при их длительном нахождении в загрязненной воде. Следствием такого аварийного заклинивания являются серьезные поломки важных конструктивных элементов ШУУ с выходом всего ШУУ из работы и последующим затратным ремонтом этого оборудования. Поэтому в каждом из трех перечисленных вариантах ШУУПрО также предлагается использовать:

ShUE remain motionless. The practice of traditional SHUUs has shown that it is also possible emergency jamming of sliding bearings of the moving parts of the SHUU (rotors, shafts) during their long-term presence in contaminated water. The consequence of such emergency jamming is serious damage to the important structural elements of the control room with the complete failure of the control room and the subsequent costly repair of this equipment. Therefore, in each of the three listed variants of SHUUPro it is also proposed to use:

- To reduce the likelihood of jamming of the rotor 5 of the rotary vortex cleaner forced backwash 6 and the shaft of the beam 9 SPP - improved plain bearings, which allow to minimize the mass-dimensional and layout indicators. These bearings should have the following properties: - low coefficient of friction; - strength; - low water absorption; - wear resistance; - high corrosion resistance in circulating water. Polymeric material polyformaldehyde (POM, POM-S, POM-N, polyoxymethylene, polyacetal, oliformaldehyde) or thermoplastic polyethylene terephthalate (PET, PET TF, polyethylene glycol terephthalate) is used as a working element - bushings and plain bearing bush;

- A system of cardan transmission 3 of rotor drive torque, consisting of a cardan transmission, incorporating a safety clutch 2 (and 2 'in Fig. 7), which is mainly clearance-free with ball torque transmission. The use of the safety clutch 2 is due to the fact that the input shaft of the gearbox 4 installed inside the SHUUPrO housing 12 receives torque from the output shaft of the gear motor 1 (installed outside the SHUUPrO housing 12, but attached to it), which, if the rotor 5 is jammed, for example, due to a malfunction of the friction units) exceeds the permissible (in strength of the rotor and inductor) torque on the input shaft of the internal gearbox 4.

The safety clutch 2 is preferably clearance-free with a ball gear. The backlash-free safety clutch has the following advantages: - Convenience during installation. - A small moment of inertia. - Possibility of installation in narrow places. - Misalignment. - Infinitely adjustable torque. - Extended range of gear combinations used.

Safety clutch 2 acts as a spring-loaded clutch with kinematic closure. If the specified uncoupling moment is exceeded (see Fig. 18), the coupling 2 disconnects the output shaft of the gear motor 1 and the input gear shaft 3 of the gear 4, which is located inside the SHUUPrO, thereby protecting the components located after it from breaking. When overloaded, the clutch 2 is almost instantly disconnected and torque transmission ceases. According to the diagram of FIG. 18: MKr ₁ - the specified uncoupling moment on the coupling; Mkr ₂ = Mkr ₄ / (i * η) - permissible torque on the input shaft of the gearbox; Mkrz - torque on the output shaft of the gear motor; Mkr ₄ - maximum torque on the output shaft of the gearbox; i - gear ratio; η _about - total efficiency (includes the efficiency of the gearbox and the efficiency of the sliding bearings). The condition for the normal operation of the mechanisms: MKR ₁ <MKR ₂

As mentioned above, in addition to clutch 2, to significantly reduce the likelihood of jamming of the rotor (or rotors) of ШУУпрО and the corresponding emergency situation, installation of special improved sliding bearings of the rotor bearings and shafts is also provided. The developers chose polyformaldehyde (ROM, ROM-S, ROM-N, polyoxymethylene, polyacetal, oliformaldehyde) or polyethylene terephthalate (PET, PET TF, polyethylene glycol terephthalate) as the material of sliding bearings for ШУУпрО. This material is recommended for use in a humid environment, since its mechanical properties are practically independent of the humidity of the environment. The main advantages of materials: - high crystallinity; - high density (relative to similar materials); - high degree of impact strength; - high strength, hardness and rigidity; - high friction / slip, abrasion resistance, release properties; - low water absorption; - dimensional stability in a humid environment.

Tests of all three SHUUPrO variants with safety clutches 2, 2 'and improved plain bearings showed a high degree of reliability and stability of the ShUUPrO operation in the absence of jamming and subsequent emergency breakdowns of structural elements of the ShUUPrO rotating parts.

Claims (13)

1. Ball pick-up device with forced cleaning ШУУпрО for ball cleaning system СШО heat-exchange condenser tubes, characterized by the presence of a shell shell with a through cylindrical bore hole, inside of which without gaps with the walls of the hole a fixed ball-catching net SHUS is made, made in the form of a boggle sieve or from perforated steel sheets , having the form of a hollow straight truncated cone centered along the axis of the hole, turned by a bell to an incoming flow of water with balls and having a rotary vortex cleaner on its inner side forced backwash with the possibility of its sliding on the inner surface of the cone when rotating from the axial drive rotor in both directions, the discharge pipe of the impurities cleaned from the SCH, and on the top of the truncated cone a collector is installed hermetically for collecting balls, passing into the outlet pipe adjacent to the corresponding outlet for removal of balls from SHUUPro, a forced backwash vortex cleaner rigidly connected to the rotor has the shape of a radial casing, the lower part of which fits snugly on the inner surface of the SHUS cone, repeating its forming surface, the radial sides of the forced backwash vortex cleaner in their contour are equipped with flexible seals providing the necessary hydraulic seal of the part of the surface of the SHUS that is being cleaned by the forced back-flushing cleaner, the rotor of the forced back-flushing cleaner is a hollow shaft, the axis of which coincides with the axis of the SHUS, on the opposite side of the SHUS rotor through a tight rotating connection is connected to a rigidly fixed exhaust pipe for removing contaminants discharged from the ШУУпрО housing, a remote-controlled shutter is installed in the dirt removal nozzle on the outside of the ШУУпрО housing, the rotor bearing assembly and the rotor drive are fixed inside the housing or in support sheets, either ribs, or segments, or extensions, the rotor drive consists of an external motor gearbox, an internal gearbox and a cardan transmission system of torque installed between their shafts. 2. Ball pick-up device according to claim 1, characterized in that, if necessary, a pump is installed on the discharge pipe for the formation of a forced backwash of a guaranteed vacuum in the vortex cleaner sufficient to clean the SHUS or ShUE. 3. Ball pickup device according to any one of paragraphs. 1, 2, characterized in that the rotor drive has a safety clutch between the external gear motor and the cardan transmission system of torque, while the safety clutch is mainly clearance-free with a ball gear. 4. Ball pickup device according to any one of paragraphs. 1, 2, characterized in that in the sliding bearings of the rotating units of the SHUUPro, polyformaldehyde (POM, POM-S, POM-N, polyoxymethylene, polyacetal, oliformaldehyde) or polyethylene terephthalate (PET, PET TF, polyethylene glycol terephthalate) are used as the sleeve material of the rotating parts of ШУУпрО. 5. Ball pick-up device with forced cleaning of ШУУпрО for the ball cleaning system of the secondary school of heat exchanging condenser tubes, characterized by the presence of a shell body with a through cylindrical bore hole, inside of which without a gap with the walls of the hole a fixed ball-bearing mesh SHUS is made, made in the form of a split sheet or perforated steel sheet having the shape of a hollow straight truncated cone centered along the axis of the hole, turned by a bell to the incoming water flow with balls and having on its inner side a rotary vortex cleaner of forced back-flushing with the possibility of its sliding along the inner surface of the cone when rotating from the axial drive rotor in both directions, the discharge pipe of the contaminants cleaned from the SHUS, and on the top of the truncated cone a ball collector is hermetically mounted, passing into the outlet pipe adjacent to the corresponding outlet to remove the balls from the SHU UprO, a forced backwash vortex cleaner rigidly connected to the rotor, has the shape of a radial casing, the lower part of which fits snugly on the inner surface of the SHUS cone, repeating its forming surface, along the contour the radial sides of the forced backwash vortex cleaner are equipped with flexible seals that provide the necessary the hydraulic seal of the part of the surface of the SHUS covered by the forced backwash cleaner, the rotor of the forced backwash cleaner is a hollow shaft, the axis of which coincides with the axis of the SCH, on the opposite side of the SCH the rotor is connected through a sealed rotating connection to a rigidly fixed outlet for removing contaminants led out of the housing SHUUPrO, on the outside of the SHUUPrO housing, a remotely controlled shutter is installed in the dirt removal pipe, the rotor bearing assembly and the rotor drive are fixed inside the housing either in the support sheets or brackets, or segments, or extensions, the rotor drive consists of an external motor gearbox, an internal gearbox, and a cardan transmission system of torque installed between their shafts, in addition to the vortex cleaner for forced backwash, on the other side of the SHUS, an appropriate sized vortex cleaner for forced backwash is installed rinsing and with the possibility of rotation synchronously opposite the vortex cleaner forcing backwash in both directions of rotation, a radial swivel hollow beam with nozzles directed to the side of the cleaner forcing backwash through the SCHUS for forced washing of the SCHU under excessive pressure of the washing water, the discharge pipe of the washing water pump pipeline is connected to beam through a tight rotary connection with a static pressure pipe, which ensures the stability of the flow of wash water under pressure in their cavity, creating the condition for a full rotation of the beam on 360 ° with the option of two versions of the drive system of the forced washing beam: a common drive with a vortex cleaner of forced backwashing and movement from a single rotor and its independent drive, also consisting of an external gearmotor, an internal gearbox and a cardan transmission system of torque installed between the shafts gearboxes, while the rotation speed and orientation of the washing beam relative to the vortex cleaner of forced backwash are controlled by a delay system for turning on and synchronizing angular positions. 6. Ball pick-up device according to claim 5, characterized in that, if necessary, a pump is installed on the discharge pipe to form a forced backwash in the vortex cleaner of a guaranteed backwash sufficient to clean the SHUS or ShUE. 7. Ball pickup device according to any one of paragraphs. 5, 6, characterized in that the rotor drive has a safety clutch between the external gear motor and the cardan transmission system of torque, while the safety clutch is mainly clearance-free with a ball gear. 8. Ball pickup device according to any one of paragraphs. 5, 6, characterized in that in the plain bearings of the rotating units of ШУУпрО polyformaldehyde (ROM, ROM-S, ROM-N, polyoxymethylene, polyacetal, oliformaldehyde) or polyethylene terephthalate (PET, PET TF, polyethylene glycol terephthalate) are used as the sleeve material of the rotating units of ШУУпрО. 9. Ball pick-up device with forced cleaning of ШУУпрО for the ball cleaning system of the secondary school of heat exchanging condenser tubes, characterized by the presence of a shell body with a through cylindrical bore hole, inside of which, without gaps with the walls of the hole, the swivels are fixed with the possibility of opening and closing until the form is closed in the closed state, centered on the axis openings of a hollow straight truncated cone, turned by a bell to an incoming flow of water with balls, made in the form of a splint screen or from perforated steel sheets of a part of the ball-screen of the ШУЭ, while the parts of the ШУЭ are fixed with the possibility of rotation on the shafts installed along the chords of the passage opening, the shafts of the parts of the ШУЭ connected to a remotely controlled drive for opening and closing the ShUE, which is equipped with a rotation angle control device and a torque switch and is located on the outside of the case, to prevent crushing of the ShUE parts against each other during open The cuts were made at the places of possible intersection of the parts of the ShUE when it is opened, and fixed rigid inserts are fixed between the cuts in the parts of the ShUE and the bore of the housing in the body, continuing the geometry of the shape of the ShUE cone, the inserts are also made in the form of a split sheet or perforated steel sheets, in a collector for balls with a gap relative to the closed parts of the ShUE is installed on top of the truncated ШУЭ cone, an elastic sealant is provided for sealing the specified gap, the collector goes into the outlet pipe adjacent to the corresponding outlet for removing balls from ШУУпрО, ШУЭ also has a swirling vortex on the inside of the cone forced backwash cleaner with the possibility of its sliding on the inner surface of the cone when rotating from the axial drive rotor in both directions, vortex forced backwash cleaner, rigidly connected to the rotor, has the form of a radial casing, the lower part of which is tightly attached runs to the inner surface of the SHUS cone, repeating its forming surface, the radial sides of the forced backwash vortex cleaner are equipped with flexible seals along their contour, providing the necessary hydraulic seal for the part of the surface of the SHUS being cleaned by the forced backwash cleaner, the rotor of the forced backwash cleaner is a hollow shaft, the axis of which coincides with the axis of the SHUS, on the opposite side of the SHUS, the rotor is connected through a sealed rotating connection to a rigidly fixed exhaust pipe for removing dirt from the ШУУпрО housing; on the outside of the ШУУпрО housing, a remote-controlled shutter, rotor bearing assembly and rotor drive are installed in the dirt removal nozzle fixed inside the housing or in the supporting sheets, or ribs, or segments, or extensions, the rotor drive consists of an external gear motor, an internal gearbox and a torque transmission system one mounted between their shafts. 10. Ball pick-up device according to claim 9, characterized in that it additionally carries out forced flushing under excess pressure of the pumping water from the outside of the cone, by additionally installing a radial swivel hollow beam with nozzles opposite the vortex cleaner of forced back-flushing on the other side of the SHUS, corresponding in size forced backwash vortex cleaner and with the possibility of rotation synchronously opposite the forced backwash vortex cleaner in both directions of rotation, the nozzles of which are directed towards the forced backwash cleaner through the SCH for forced washing of the SCH under excessive pressure of the washing water, the discharge pipe of the washing water pump pipeline is connected to beam through a sealed rotary connection with a static pressure pipe, which ensures the stability of the flow of wash water under pressure in their cavity, creating the condition of full about 360 ° rotation of the beam with the option of two versions of the drive system for the forced washing beam: a common drive with a vortex cleaner forcing backwashing and movement from a single rotor and its independent drive, also consisting of an external gear motor, an internal gearbox and a torque transmission system installed between the shafts of the gearboxes, while the rotation speed and orientation of the washing beam relative to the vortex cleaner of forced backwash are controlled by a delay system for turning on and synchronizing angular positions, opening the ShUE screens during forced washing is carried out only when the beam is in the corner of the fixed inserts in order to avoid mechanical collisions of the beam with the disclosing parts of the ShUE. 11. Ball pickup device according to any one of paragraphs. 9, 10, characterized in that, if necessary, a pump is installed on the discharge pipe for the formation of a forced backwash in the vortex cleaner of a guaranteed vacuum sufficient to clean the SHUS or ShUE. 12. Ball pickup device according to any one of paragraphs. 9, 10, characterized in that the rotor drive has a safety clutch between the external gear motor and the cardan transmission system of torque, while the safety clutch is mainly clearance-free with a ball gear. 13. Ball pickup device according to any one of paragraphs. 9, 10, characterized in that in the plain bearings of the rotating units of ШУУпрО polyformaldehyde (ROM, ROM-S, ROM-H, polyoxymethylene, polyacetal, oliformaldehyde) or polyethylene terephthalate (PET, PET TF, polyethylene glycol terephthalate) are used as the sleeve material of the rotating units of ШУУпрО.

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