RU2720244C2 - Method of deterring and dispersing aggressive crowd, throwing device for method implementation and elastic projectiles for device - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: weapons and ammunition.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to non-lethal weapons with sound, light irritant (irritant) and other means of hitting the target, as a means of restricting purposeful aggressive physical actions, restraining and dispersing crowds in police equipment to suppress massive violations of public order. Invention can be used as a means of limiting purposeful aggressive physical actions, restraining and dispersing crowds in police equipment to suppress mass violations of public order. Method consists in the fact that performing acoustic, chemical or coloring remote impact on crowd with ultra-low-speed hollow elastic explosive projectiles made mainly in the form of balls, without use of condensed explosives in projectile, with controlled initial velocity of projectile and controlled power of rupture of projectile. Proposed device represents barrel mechanical, or barrel pneumatic or explosive gas mixes thrower with magazine, accumulation tray or drum, or without magazine, accumulation tray or drum for projectiles. Elastic explosive shell is made mainly in the form of a hollow sphere, an ellipsoid or a cylinder with an inner cavity containing an explosive gas mixture "fuel—oxidizing agent", as well as an initiator placed inside or outside the cavity.

EFFECT: technical result is a new method of limiting mainly aggressive, physical actions of rebellious crowd and device for implementing this method.

15 cl, 2 dwg

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to non-lethal weapons with sound, light irritant (annoying) and other means of hitting a target, and is intended for use as a means of limiting targeted aggressive physical actions, deterring and dispersing an aggressive crowd in a police technique to suppress mass disturbances of public order.

State of the art

There is a method of containing and dispersing an aggressive crowd, which consists of throwing hand-held light-sound and light-sound with irritants and traumatic elastic ready-to-use grenades of the Zarya, Fakel, GSZ, Vyushka type, etc. in the direction of the crowd. A method of shelling a crowd from hand grenade launchers with light and sound and grenade launcher grenades, for example, a 40-mm grenade launcher with a light-sounding grenade GSZ-40, fired from 40-mm grenade launchers GP-25 "Ko ter "and GP-30" Obuvka "IRB-40 Kalashnikov assault rifle mounted on AKM and AK-74, as well as 40 mm grenade launchers manual type RG-6 (6 F-30).

The disadvantages of such methods are low efficiency, due to the inability to use in sufficient quantities, but most importantly, the high risk of injury to people in the crowd, including non-aggressive participants. The recommended distance from the above grenades when they break (so as not to cause serious injury to people) is 2 ... 5 m. These methods do not allow you to set the exact path of throwing or shooting grenades to neutralize particularly aggressive foci in the crowd, and do not allow for impact on the crowd areas , including the crowd behind high horizontal obstacles (for example, around the corner of buildings). In more detail, the disadvantages of the methods of analogues for the disadvantages of the devices for implementing these methods are listed below.

Known devices of restraint and dispersion of the crowd for the police, which are light and sound grenades; thrown (delivered) to an aggressive crowd by the muscular power of law enforcement officers or with the help of grenade launchers.

The disadvantage of light and sound grenades is their increased traumatism for people in the crowd, due to possible mechanical injuries when a throwing grenade hits the head or traumatic areas of the body, since a hand and grenade launcher is always a solid and heavy object with a large relative lateral load. In addition, a grenade explosion in a crowd is also traumatic, since the high-explosive-crushing effect of an explosion of pyrotechnic light-sound compositions of type 88-40 in a grenade shell (body) ranges from 40 ... 70% of the high-explosive-crushing effect of a TNT explosive explosive, and can be higher than TNT by its explosiveness. The majority of designs of light and sound grenades during the explosion also form solid fragments of both non-metallic cases of hand grenades, and the metal parts of grenade fuses or the remains of grenade fuse grenade fuses. Practice shows that, exploding close to biological objects, a light and sound grenade, as a rule, causes severe mechanical injuries, including crushing and separation of limbs. In addition to these shortcomings, as practice shows, the use of hand-held light and sound grenades allows relative containment of only the first rows of the rioting crowd, but does not allow dispersion of the back rows of the crowd due to the fact that at typical distances of confrontation between law enforcement officers and the rioting crowd, throwing stones and other solid objects at law enforcement officers (30 ... 60 m), law enforcement officers are physically unable to throw a hand grenade to the back rows of the opposing crowd. The use of grenade launchers, whose sound and sound grenades have a flight range of up to 400 m, at such a distance is only possible when firing at a mortar trajectory, which inevitably leads to a high rate of fall of the grenade at the end of the fall trajectory and causes inevitable injuries to people in a dispersed crowd, for example, simply from being hit grenades in the head even before it burst. Regulation of the initial speed of a grenade launcher is not possible due to the unitary shot device that does not allow changing the powder charge.

As practice shows, law enforcement officers use light-sound guarantors extremely rarely and only in exceptional cases, realizing their high trauma risk and the risks of subsequent administrative and even (in the case of fatal injuries) criminal liability.

In addition to these shortcomings, it should be noted the very high price of hand-held sonic grenades, which does not allow them to be used in the quantities necessary to solve various operational problems. For example, the cost of the Zarya-2 hand-held light and sound grenade, which is the most common in the power services of the Russian Federation, is 1959.49 rubles per 1 piece. until February 15, 2016 (price on the tender of the Ministry of Internal Affairs on February 15, 2016, “Name of the procurement object: 464-2015AE”). The cost of the hand-held sound and sound annoying grenade "Drofa-PM" in 2014 amounted to 13,472.09 rubles per 1 piece. (https://zakupki.kontur.ru/0342100003114000353). The cost of light and sound grenades for grenade launchers is even higher due to their more complex arrangement.

The main disadvantage of light and sound grenades of any type is that it is fundamentally impossible to control the degree of their non-lethal effect. With a close gap from a person, the degree of exposure can be too large and is the cause of penetrating shrapnel wounds, concussions, fractures of the ribs, concussion, significant surface injuries of various organs and skin, damage to the skull, ruptures of the heart, kidneys, liver, internal hemorrhages, fragmentation and separation of limbs, in the limit - the high probability of death or disability of the object of use. In all the designs of light and sound grenades implemented to date, it is not possible to implement diametrically opposite requirements: to ensure complete "non-lethality" of the damage to the object (s) of use in case of use, on the one hand, and to ensure the effectiveness of the impact, sufficient restraining and dispersing the aggressive crowd action, on the other hand. The search for the optimal ratio of the requirements of non-lethality and the effectiveness of the impact is still an urgent and not completely solved task.

The disadvantage of all types of light and sound grenades is that all types of such grenades contain condensed pyrotechnic compositions, which are also low explosive blasting explosives when detonated. The explosion of one grenade during storage of light and sound grenades in a warehouse causes the inevitable explosion of all grenades and the corresponding catastrophic consequences. Storage and use of light and sound grenades is tantamount to storage and use of explosives with the corresponding necessary safety measures for accounting, storage, and preservation, which inevitably complicates the possibility of their use. Getting the sound and sound grenades into the hands of offenders as a result of taking them from law enforcement officers is even more dangerous due to the possibility of individual use of the seized (stolen) grenades for committing crimes, for example, using a home-made fragmentation grenade shirt.

The shooting of light-sounding, irritating, and traumatic grenade launchers is made from grenade launchers, which are firearms with the appropriate necessary measures of storage, security of accounting and control, delivery and surrender, which inevitably complicates the possibility of their use. Falling of grenade launchers, all types of which can also shoot live shots, into the hands of offenders as a result of their removal or theft from law enforcement, is unacceptable and poses even greater danger in connection with the possibility of the individual use of the seized (stolen) weapons for committing crimes.

Prototypes of the proposed method, the device throwing hollow elastic explosive shells and hollow elastic shells without equipment condensed explosives to the throwing device of the prior art and as a result of a patent search was not found.

Disclosure of invention

The aim of the invention is the creation of a new method of influencing aggressive offenders in a crowd with the aim of restraining and dispersing, devoid of the disadvantages of known methods.

The aim of the invention is also to provide a device for implementing a method devoid of the disadvantages of known devices for deterring and dispersing an aggressive crowd that is not a firearm (which can be used by offenders to commit serious crimes).

The aim of the invention is also the creation of shells devoid of the disadvantages of known shells for containing and dispersing an aggressive crowd, for use in the device and not shells containing explosive or pyrotechnic explosive substances.

The essence of the method according to the invention is that to contain and disperse an aggressive crowd, they exert a remote influence on the crowd or the space near or above the crowd with ultra-low-speed hollow elastic explosive shells, made mainly in the form of balls, ellipsoids or cylinders, without the use of condensed explosives in the composition of the shell , with an adjustable initial velocity of the projectile, with adjustable energy of the burst of the projectile, causing mainly acoustic or visual air action, or exposure to irritants, or exposure in the form of markings with indelible dyes, or smoke-generating action, or any combination thereof, or non-invasive mechanical injuries in the form of hematomas.

An additional feature is that the aforementioned effect is performed in a mode simulating the artillery firing mode of the MRSI “barrage of fire”.

An additional feature is that the aforementioned effect is performed by twisting the said projectile based on the Magnus effect.

A device for throwing hollow elastic explosive shells that do not contain a condensed explosive to implement the method is a machine with a barrelless mechanical or pneumatic barrel or explosive gas mixture thrower.

An additional feature is that it provides for the adjustment of the initial velocity of the projectile by controlling the rotation speed of the aforementioned engine or changing the pneumatic or mixed gas charge of the barrel throwing devices or changing the loading force of the elastic working medium of the spring throwing devices.

An additional feature is that it provides for the adjustment of the energy of the rupture of the projectile by controlling the compression ratio of the gas mixture when the projectile is equipped, or by changing the proportional composition of the gas mixture or by changing the chemical composition of the gas mixture.

An additional feature is that the aforementioned thrower is equipped with a magazine, a collecting tray or a drum.

An additional feature is that the said machine or carriage is equipped with vertical and horizontal aiming mechanisms with a manual or electric drive.

An additional feature is that the said device has an electronic or mechanical programmer fuses mentioned shells.

An additional feature is that the aforementioned device includes containers for storing compressed and liquefied gases of a combustible substance and an oxidizing agent, or a container for storing compressed or liquefied combustible substances and an air compressor, as well as a proportionalizer of the gas mixture “combustible substance - oxidizer” and a device for equipping shells with a gas mixture.

An additional feature is that the said barrelless mechanical thrower is made in the form of a rotary thrower with two rotors rotated by at least one engine.

An additional feature is that the aforementioned barrel pneumatic and explosive gas mixtures, the thrower is made in the form of pneumatic or explosive gas mixtures muzzle-loading or with a gun shutter.

An additional feature is that the said gun is equipped with an Airsoft Hop-Up device.

The hollow elastic explosive projectile to the device for implementing the method is mainly made in the form of a ball, ellipsoid, an elongated ellipsoid, or a cylinder with ends of arbitrary shape, with an internal cavity containing an explosive gas mixture of “combustible substance - oxidizer”, and a fuse placed inside or outside the cavity .

An additional feature is that the said elastic explosive shell is made predominantly in the form of a ball for soccer, volleyball or rugby, has the advantageous dimensions of said balls and is made primarily of materials used for the manufacture of said standard balls.

An additional feature is that the said elastic bursting shell is made in the form of a cylinder, has predominant dimensions and is made primarily of materials from standard plastic bottles for packing technical liquids or drinks with weighting of one end with an elastic material.

An additional feature is that said elastic explosive shell is filled with said explosive gas mixture immediately before throwing.

An additional feature is that the fuse is a pyrotechnic moderator, which is driven by electric current galvanically or by means of a spark discharge.

An additional feature is that the fuse is a pyrotechnic shock fuse.

An additional feature is that said fuse is an electric shock fuse.

An additional feature is that said fuse is a non-contact fuse.

An additional feature is that the fuse is programmed to slow down the detonation or to the height of the detonation of the projectile.

An additional feature is that said fuse is cocked at a given acceleration of said projectile.

An additional feature is that the fuse is provided with a fuse.

An additional feature is that said elastic explosive projectile contains a charge inside or outside said cavity for an irritant, or light, or acoustic impact on the target, or a charge for marking the target with indelible dyes, or a smoke-forming charge, or any combination thereof.

Brief Description of the Drawings

FIG. 1. A device for throwing hollow elastic explosive shells of a rotor type.

FIG. 2. Hollow elastic explosive shell (cut and appearance with the safety label removed).

FIG. 1. An example of an embodiment of a device for throwing hollow elastic explosive shells of a rotor type: rubberized rotors 1, electric motors 2 of rotor drive 1, bed 3 of rotors, tray 4 for feeding shells, transportation wheels 5, legs 6 support, handle 7 for transporting throwing devices, adjusters 8 rotor speed 1, electrical connector 9.

The operation of the rotary device for throwing is as follows. The calculation serving the device includes two specialists: the shooter and the loader. The shooter turns on the rotor motors 2 of the rotors 1. On the scales for adjusting the rotor speed, the rotor controllers 8 set the required rotor speed 1, which determines the throwing distance of hollow elastic explosive shells of a certain weight. Scales can be marked with both rotor revolutions and throwing distances (for example, after calibrating the scale according to the test results). Using the control valves of the proportionalizer of the gas mixture, the charger exposes the “fuel-oxidizer” (not shown in Fig. 1) the required composition of the explosive gas mixture, and then introduces the charge check valve on the deflated (with air released from the internal cavity of the projectile) projectile and equips the projectile with an explosive gas mixture by “inflating” the projectile to a predetermined final pressure inside the projectile, specified by the pressure gauge of the filling gear. Then the loader feeds the inflated projectile to the tray 4 and then advances the projectile into the space between the counter-rotating rotors 1. When using a simple remote projectile tube, the loader initiates the tube with electric current. When using other types of projectile fuses, their platoon is launched from the action of accelerating throwing, but not less than some safe value (see below for a description of the operation of fuses). The projectile, falling between the rotors rotating with high angular velocity, is captured by them and thrown in the direction of fire. When the projectile reaches the target, it ruptures according to one or another blasting algorithm, depending on the type of fuse. At break, the projectile has the necessary psycho-physiological effect on the target (s). Next, the process of the shot is repeated charging. The shooter adjusts the firing range and trajectory by adjusting the inclination of the rotor bed (in Fig. 1, the bed adjusting devices are not shown), and, if necessary, firing with "twisted" shells not along the device’s longitudinal axis, but at an angle to it, in the limit - in general around the corner, ”- and the difference in rotor speeds. The required value of the difference in rotation speeds for firing swirling shells to the right or left can also be indicated on the scales of the regulators 8 (for example, after calibrating the scale according to the test results).

It should be noted the possibility of implementing completely remote control of the device for throwing (including aiming and feeding projectiles per shot) by using modern, for example, microprocessor-based, means of controlling the elements of the device, which in turn are controlled, for example, via a radio channel.

FIG. 2. A hollow elastic bursting shell, in one possible embodiment, consists of an elastic, mainly spherical, hollow container 10, equipped with a charging check valve 11, for example, a standard design for sports balls, a remote tube 12, consisting of a plastic heat-resistant housing with a deaf bottom and laid inside the casing of the flame-retardant cord 13, for example, type "Green VISCO fuse 2.2 mm", designed for the desired slowdown time, for example, 7 seconds. The tube 12 is attached to the container 10 mainly by glue or ultrasonic welding, or is poured into the material of the container 10 during its manufacture. At the open end of the tube 12 extending to the surface of the projectile, there is an electric igniter 14, initiated by a galvanic or high-voltage spark discharge, and at the deaf end of the tube 12 there is a small pyro-charge 15 (containing, for example, black gunpowder or a micro-detonator from an initiating explosive), intended for the destruction of the deaf sealed end of the tube 12 and the transmission of a beam of flame or shock wave into the cavity 16 of the shell filled with explosive gas mixture. Before throwing a projectile from the electrical contacts 17 of the electric igniter 14, they tear off the adhesive electrical insulating safety label 18, which protects the device from accidental electric ignition.

Due to the ultra-low flight speed of a spherical or ellipsoid projectile with the diameters of a soccer or rugby ball, a throwing device with a magazine or drum for shells prepared in advance for throwing (ie, “inflated” fuel-oxidizer gas mixture before loading into the magazine or drum) , can carry out a regime of firing targets similar to the artillery regime MRSI (Multiple Rounds Simultaneous Impact), the domestic translation of the name of such a regime is “a barrage of fire”. In this case, it is possible to fire at the target at such a speed that a series of shells fired one after another will be in the air before the first shell’s burst near the target. When implemented in the device for throwing an automatic change in the angle of elevation, it is possible to achieve a complete analogue of shooting in MRSI mode with shells breaking the entire issued series near the target almost simultaneously. The “barrage of fire" mode can be carried out if the device for throwing the store is equipped with a storage tray or a drum for shells. In this case, the shells before loading into the store, tray or drum must be equipped with explosive gas mixture in advance or immediately before firing. The regime allowing storage of shells equipped with a gas mixture is more dangerous for the calculation of the throwing device and requires equipping the shells with reliable fuses with starting safety devices (see below).

The device for throwing hollow elastic explosive shells is mainly a design similar to the design of "Football passing machine" or "Football throwing machine" (domestic name - "soccer gun"), consisting of a frame rotated in horizontal and vertical planes, on which there are two rubberized rotors rotated by at least one electric motor, with a platform between them, on which a projectile captured and thrown by rotors is placed, made primarily in the form of a ball or ell psoida. Rotors have the ability to change the speed of rotation, both synchronous and partially out of sync (for example, to realize the possibility of the flight mode of the projectile with the Magnus effect).

Modern rotary ball-throwing machines manufactured abroad have a throwing range of up to 100 yards (for example, a USA Snap Attack Football Machine), but if necessary, you can increase the throwing distance by removing the engine speed lock. Due to the high windage of the ball, its speed continuously decreases during the flight, therefore, the maximum throwing distance of 100 yards (91 m) the ball flies over a period of 7 s. Thus, the average speed of the ball is ultra-low (13 m / s) compared with the speed of grenades of fire grenade launchers, differing from them at least several times. The final speed of the ball when it reaches the height of the average person at the end of the trajectory is not life-threatening due to: (a) low approach speed (determined by low initial speed and high windage), (b) large impact area for the purpose (due to the size of the ball that is significant in comparison with a grenade) and (c) a possible additional increase in the area of impact of the elastic ball due to its deformation in the event of an accidental hit on the target. Rotary machines allow throwing swirling shells, made in the form of balls and ellipsoids, not along the longitudinal axis of the device, but at an angle to it, and in the limit - generally “around the corner”, using the Magnus effect.

Rotary sports cars can be transported on relatively flat surfaces (for example, on asphalt pavement) by handles of transportation by one person (for example, an arrow) or in standard vehicles used by law enforcement agencies. Shells and gas storage tanks can be transported by the loader. The transfer of a rotary machine by the calculation of specialists (for example, law enforcement officers) even in full combat uniforms (gas mask, gloves, etc.) from a transport state to a working one with preliminary aiming at a target is carried out in a short time, for example, in less than 2 …3 min.

The device for throwing hollow elastic explosive shells can also be a pneumatic gun of the “BCB Wall Breaker” type or a receiver cannon with explosive gas mixtures, with or without an Airsoft Hop-Up device. A pneumatic gun uses compressed gas, such as compressed air or nitrogen, as a source of energy for throwing, and a gun using explosive gas mixtures can use a gas mixture as a propellant used to fill the cavity of elastic projectiles. The possibility of throwing elastic shells, made in the form of soccer balls, from barrel systems using explosive gas mixtures is confirmed by foreign experience in shooting soccer balls from the Hail cannon (whirlpool anti-hail cannons) and combustion launcher installations. In this case, the flight range of elastic shells of hundreds of meters, i.e. to cover the distances of all possible tasks of deterring the aggressive crowd in the city.

To realize the possibility of the flight mode of a projectile with the Magnus effect in the cannon, a device for spinning the projectile in the barrel of the Airsoft Hop-Up (Airsoft higher operating power up) can be used.

The device for throwing hollow elastic explosive shells can also be a spring thrower, working on the principle of the device machines for throwing plates for firing shots.

Hollow elastic explosive shells can be in the form of a ball, an ellipsoid or an elongated ellipsoid, and can also be made in the form of cylinders with ends of various shapes. The most appropriate is the use of spherical shells made of standard cheap plastisol or rubber soccer, rugby or basketball balls of different numbers (sizes). Finalization of a standard ball consists only in placing a fuse in it (during production or later).

It is also possible to use cylindrical elastic explosive shells made of standard plastic (for example, PET) bottles for drinks or technical liquids with a volume of 1.5-2 liters. The refinement of standard bottles consists in attaching to one of the ends of an elastic fairing-weighting material, cast, for example, from plastisol, soft rubber or elastic compounds. The elastic compound can be introduced into the bottle in liquid form with solidification already inside the bottle, using part of its volume and the formation of an internal weighting agent for its end. Such cylindrical shells have an increased flight range due to better aerodynamics than balls or ellipsoids, but have a small internal volume and an increased consumption of explosive gas mixture for equipment, since to fill the bottle they must first be blown with a gas mixture to displace ballast air.

Explosive gas mixtures are most suitable for equipping hollow elastic explosive shells, as well as for use in a cannon with gas mixtures for throwing shells. Examples of such mixtures, arranged according to the degree of explosion energy increase, are: propane (propane / butane) - air, propane - nitrous oxide, propane - oxygen. These mixtures are also the cheapest. The cheapest is the equipment of shells with a propane / butane gas mixture - air. In this case, the use of a special container with an oxidizing gas is not required, and an air compressor can be used to create the necessary composition of the gas mixture under pressure. Mixtures of propane (propane / butane) with nitrous oxide have lower and upper explosive limits (LEL and ERW) and increased energy compared to mixtures of propane / butane with air (more than 100%).

By the degree of possibility of obtaining greater explosion energy (higher than the energy of propane mixtures), as well as by the ease of proportioning of the components of the gas mixture, due to the wide limits of the LEL and ERW, promising (although more expensive) are mixtures of acetylene - nitrous oxide, acetylene - oxygen. The most energetic gas mixture for explosive shells is a mixture of acetylene - oxygen.

Mixtures of Mappgas (MAPP gas) or propylene with air, nitrous oxide or oxygen, or mixtures of dimethyl ether (DMO) with air, nitrous oxide or oxygen should also be considered very promising. Mappgas or propylene - oxygen mixtures are close in energy to acetylene - oxygen mixtures, but Mappgas or propylene are safer to handle and have more weight in a cylinder of the same volume as acetylene.

By the degree of simplicity of proportioning the components of the gas mixture, in connection with low LEL and high ERW, in addition to acetylene, mixtures of hydrogen - nitrous oxide, hydrogen - oxygen are also promising.

Regulation of the degree of acoustic, visual, irritant, marking, or combinations of these effects on offenders is achieved in several ways:

1. A change in the percentage of components of the explosive gas mixture filling the hollow elastic explosive shells. Depletion or enrichment of the explosive mixture with fuel or oxidizing agent.

2. A change in the components of the explosive gas mixture. Most energy mixtures are based on oxygen, and least energy mixtures are based on atmospheric air.

3. A change in the filling pressure of the projectile mixture. Changing the filling pressure doubles the explosion energy by 100%.

4. A change in the method of initiating the gas mixture in the projectile. For example, the initiation of a gas mixture in an elastic projectile from a flame source or a heated electric coil, initiation from an electric spark discharge with one or another energy in a pulse, or initiation with a detonator, cause explosive effects of various nature: from laminar deflagration to deflagration explosion and detonation.

The proposed explosive gas mixtures are not very traumatic. For example, the weight of the most energetic of the proposed stoichiometric acetylene-oxygen mixtures in an ordinary match ball with a diameter of 22 cm and an internal pressure of 1 atm is 4.6 g. The explosion energy exceeds the explosion energy of equal TNT mass and corresponds to the explosive energy of an increased power of the hexogen-octogen type, but at the same time, when the elastic shell breaks, the pressure of the explosion products is orders of magnitude lower than the explosion pressure near the surface of condensed explosives and light-sound pyrotechnic mixtures during the organization of explosive combustion in them low detonation velocities. Therefore, the risk of injury to people, even when a hollow elastic explosive shell ruptures close to a person’s body, is orders of magnitude lower than from a rupture of closely condensed light and sound grenade charges.

The equipment of shells, in addition to the equipment of the actual explosive gas mixture, can be very diverse. For example, to obtain additional sound and light effects, the projectile can be equipped with powdered aluminum, magnesium or their alloy. To obtain an additional smoke-generating effect, the projectile can be equipped with liquid smoke generators sprayed when the projectile ruptures. To obtain additional irritant (irritating) effects, such as tear and spasmodic effects, the projectile can be equipped with capsaicin liquid solutions or chloroacetophenone powders, chlorobenzal malondinitrile, or mixtures thereof. To obtain an additional effect marking offenders, the projectile can be equipped with liquid indelible or solid, made in the form of powder, dye. Combined equipment, for example, indelible dyes with capsaicin, is also possible. These additional substances are introduced into the shell during its manufacture and stored internally until its use. Before direct use, a projectile with additional substances is equipped only with an explosive gas mixture, just like a simple explosive projectile.

The initial speed of the projectiles thrown from the device, and hence the possible firing range, is controlled, for example, by changing the rotor speed of the two-rotor “passing machine”. The range of action of throwers in practical conditions of containment and dispersal of an aggressive crowd should not significantly exceed the maximum throwing distance of a stone or other solid object, dangerous according to the conditions of the injury when it is hit by a law enforcement officer, by the hand of a trained person. The maximum average throwing distance of a stone even by a physically trained person is no more than 60 ... 70 m, and decreases with each throw due to muscle fatigue.

Depending on the specific tasks to be solved, when containing and dispersing the crowd, hollow elastic explosive shells can have different types of fuses, which differ in both purpose and cost. The cheapest and not requiring special protection are remote pyrotechnic retarders (simple remote tubes), which are activated before firing from a device for throwing electric current from a power source (available as a part of a throwing device or autonomous, located at the charger. Remote tubes made of soft plastic the specified type, placed in the cavity of the projectile with the output of the electrical contacts of the igniter on the surface of the projectile, form the smallest in solid parts when the projectile bursts and should be considered the most traumatic. Protection from unauthorized initiation is achieved in such tubes in the simplest ways, for example, using a non-conductive protective film (checks) that covers the electrical contacts of the igniter and is removed (for example, torn off) before initiation. other types placed in the cavity of the projectile, for example, shock and non-contact fuses of various types, require additional starting safety devices, yaschih to their ready to fire only after exposure to a predetermined acceleration when fired from a projectile with fuze device for throwing. The most expensive are non-contact fuses that are set to the height of the gap of the projectile or to the required distance of the gap from the target. At present, electronic fuses on microcontrollers with the corresponding “weight” of acceleration, distance, altitude sensors, etc., powered by a power supply with a long shelf life before use, for example, lithium batteries or batteries that can be stored without a large loss of internal energy, should be considered promising. for 5 ... 10 years. Fuses in various versions can be attached to the internal generatrix of the shell cavity, or placed in the cavity freely, or mounted in the cavity on shock-absorbing extensions, or mounted on the outside of the shell with the exit to the cavity of the shell of the igniter or detonator.

The large free internal volume of the elastic projectile allows you to additionally supply the shells with special devices for tracking the flight of the projectile with a sharp, piercing sound or whistle. Similar devices can also be placed outside the projectile. Such a sharp sound made by a projectile in flight gives a synergistic effect from the sharp sound of a projectile flight, associated with the sound of an incident air bomb known to everyone in films, and the subsequent projectile burst. At the same time, a device that emits a sharp sound can amplify it when the projectile approaches the target. The sound effect of projectile flight will significantly increase fear and reduce the aggression of a rioting crowd. As a device that emits a sharp sound, known types of pyrotechnic devices equipped with wheezing pyrotechnic compositions and launched when the projectile is accelerated can be used, or (to comply with the conditions for not using pyrotechnic equipment of shells) pneumatic devices such as whistles fed with pressure of a liquefied gas (for example, freon or carbon dioxide) from the storage tank of liquefied gas placed in the cavity of the projectile or outside, including on the element representing a “tail” attached to the projectile and extending along the projectile flight path, while providing additional flight stabilization. The storage capacity of liquefied gas to power the pneumatic whistle is made of lightweight plastic material that is not able to injure people if the projectile ruptures.

The large free internal volume of the elastic projectile, as well as the large outer surface of the latter, make it possible to additionally supply the shells with special devices for tracking the flight of the projectile with lighting effects. Similar devices can also be placed outside the projectile. The light effect of projectile flight at dusk or at night can give a synergistic effect from the light path of the projectile flight, associated with the flight of tracer bullets or shells known to everyone from the movies, and the subsequent projectile burst. As a flight light tracking device, it is possible to use high-brightness LEDs, or a flash flash lamp, placed directly in the shell cavity or outside it. High-brightness LEDs, together with their power source, included when accelerating the projectile, can be placed inside the projectile, provided its walls are transparent. When the projectile material is opaque, high-brightness LEDs are used that have a flat shape (for example, surface-mounted LEDs) mounted on the outer surface of the projectile. It is advisable to place a flash flash lamp with an electric power source inside the cavity of the projectile made of transparent material, for example, plastisol, or outside, including on the “tail” element attached to the projectile and extending along the projectile flight path, providing this additional flight stabilization.

Claims (15)

1. The method of restraining and dispersing an aggressive crowd is that they make a remote impact on the crowd or the space near or above the crowd with ultra-low-speed hollow elastic explosive shells, made mainly in the form of balls, ellipsoids or cylinders, without the use of condensed explosives in the composition of the shell, with adjustable projectile burst energy, causing predominantly acoustic or visual effects, or exposure to irritants or exposure in the form of markings esmyvaemymi dyes or smoke-producing effect, or any combination thereof, or non-invasive mechanical injury as hematomas. 2. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that the said effect is made in a mode simulating a mode of artillery firing MRSI "barrage of fire". 3. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that the said effect is made with the twisting of the said projectile based on the Magnus effect. 4. A hollow elastic explosive shell for containing and dispersing an aggressive crowd, made mainly in the form of a ball, ellipsoid, an elongated ellipsoid, or a cylinder with ends of arbitrary shape, with an internal cavity containing an explosive gas mixture of “combustible substance - oxidizer”, and placed inside or fuse outside the cavity. 5. A hollow elastic explosive projectile for containing and dispersing an aggressive crowd according to claim 4, characterized in that it is made primarily in the form of a soccer ball, or volleyball, or rugby ball, has primarily the dimensions of said balls and is made primarily of materials used for the manufacture of said standard balls. 6. A hollow elastic explosive projectile for containing and dispersing an aggressive crowd according to claim 4, characterized in that it is made in the form of a cylinder, has predominant sizes and is made primarily of materials from standard plastic bottles for packing technical liquids or drinks with one end being heavier material. 7. A hollow elastic explosive projectile for containing and dispersing an aggressive crowd according to claim 4, characterized in that it is filled with said explosive gas mixture immediately before throwing. 8. A hollow elastic explosive projectile for containing and dispersing an aggressive crowd according to claim 4, characterized in that said fuse is an igniter or detonator, driven by electric current, galvanically or by means of a spark discharge. 9. A hollow elastic explosive shell for containing and dispersing an aggressive crowd according to claim 4, characterized in that said fuse is a pyrotechnic shock fuse. 10. A hollow elastic explosive shell for containing and dispersing an aggressive crowd according to claim 4, characterized in that said fuse is an electric fuse. 11. A hollow elastic explosive shell for containing and dispersing an aggressive crowd according to claim 4, characterized in that said fuse is a non-contact fuse. 12. A hollow elastic explosive shell for containing and dispersing an aggressive crowd according to claim 4, characterized in that said fuse is programmed to slow down the blasting or to the height of the blasting shell. 13. A hollow elastic explosive projectile for containing and dispersing an aggressive crowd according to claim 4, characterized in that said fuse is cocked at a given acceleration of said projectile. 14. A hollow elastic explosive shell for containing and dispersing an aggressive crowd according to claim 4, characterized in that said fuse is provided with a fuse. 15. A hollow elastic explosive projectile for restraining and dispersing an aggressive crowd according to claim 4, characterized in that it contains a charge inside or outside the cavity for irritating, or light, or acoustic impact on the target, or a charge for marking the target with indelible dyes, or smoke charge, or any combination thereof.

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