RU27191U1 - BOILER BOILER WITH COMBUSTION SYSTEM - Google Patents

Abstract

1. Boiler boiler with a combustion system having a heat exchanger, an intake manifold and an exhaust manifold with forced intake of atmospheric air and exhaust gases to the atmosphere using a supercharger, wherein said boiler includes a drive; a suction supercharger located on the rotary axis of the drive and installed on the intake manifold and serving for forced intake of atmospheric air; an exhaust supercharger located on the rotary axis of the drive and installed on the exhaust exhaust pipe, which serves to force the exhaust gases to be removed. 2. A boiler with a combustion system according to claim 1, characterized in that said heat exchanger includes an external cylindrical tank with upper and lower openings closed, respectively, by upper and lower covers; a combustion pipe and a set of gas supply pipes located inside the tank, wherein said combustion pipe is eccentric relative to the inside of said tank; a water chamber implemented in the space between the outer tank, the upper and lower covers, the specified combustion pipe and the specified set of gas supply pipes so that the specified water chamber is in a closed space due to the open entrances and exits of the specified combustion pipe and the specified set gas supply pipes pass through the indicated upper and lower covers; as well as an inversion chamber located at the bottom of said bottom cover.

Description

BOILER BOILER WITH COMBUSTION SYSTEM

This device relates to boiler boilers with a combustion system, in particular boiler boilers with a combustion system having improved characteristics of air supply and exhaust systems. The current level of technology

As you know, boiler (heating) boilers are divided into several types: in accordance with the type of heat source, the method and place of their installation, the method of supplying air and exhaust gas, the direction of water supply, the design of the heat exchanger, etc. Examples of the design and use of boiler boilers in everyday life and technological processes can be found in patents: RU 2117879 C1; 08.20.98, RU 2009406 C1; 03/15/94, US 4947923 A; 08/14/90 and others

Boilers are divided, in particular, into boilers of the ascending and descending type. At the same time, a standard heating boiler contains such basic elements as a housing with a water circulation system, blowing, gas exhaust and exhaust, a furnace device, etc. (see, for example, RU 2117879).

In FIG.  Figure 1 shows an example of a standard boiler of an ascending type with a combustion system and an exhaust supercharger.  As can be seen from the figure, a standard boiler of an ascending type contains a heating grill 93a, moreover, combustion air is supplied from the outside, and the exhaust gases are forced out by means of an exhaust supercharger 20.  When such a boiler is operated with the drive 21 of the exhaust blower 20 engaged, the blades of the blower 23, mounted on the rotary axis of the drive 21, rotate, as a result of which the air in the combustion chamber A is forcibly discharged to the exhaust gas outlet 60.  As a result, the internal pressure in the exhaust gas outlet 60 is higher than atmospheric, while the back pressure acts on the combustion chamber A, the burner 30, the intake pipe 13 and the intake device 11, as a result of which atmospheric air is sucked into the intake device 11 through the inlet 1 la, after which it is sent to the combustion chamber A through the intake manifold 13 and the burner 30.  After that, the air is forcedly supplied to the exhaust gas outlet 60 using the blades of the exhaust supercharger 23 and is discharged out through the outlet openings 60a of the line 60. In the above state, when fuel is injected from the fuel line 70 through the nozzle 80a of the injector 80, the fuel is mixed with air inside the burner 30.  After that, J the resulting gas mixture is supplied to the combustion chamber A through the openings in the burner 30.  At this moment, when the ignition is working (not shown in the figure), the specified gas mixture ignites when it is fed through the holes in the burner 30.  On the other hand, when water in the heating main is forcedly circulated by means of a circulation pump 100, portions of water with a low temperature are supplied from the bottom of the heater (not shown in the figure) to the heat exchanger 93 through the water inlet 91, and then returned to the bottom of the heater through the water outlet 92.  As a result, the low-temperature water in the heat exchanger 93 with the heating grid 93 a is heated to a high temperature by the gas burned in the combustion chamber A, and the low-temperature water supplied through the water inlet 91 enters the inside of the heat exchanger 93 and also heats up to high temperature.  After that, the heated water returns to the lower part of the heater through the water outlet pipe 92.  In FIG.  2 shows another example of a standard upstream boiler with a combustion system and an exhaust supercharger.  As can be seen from the figure, a standard boiler of an ascending type contains a gas supply pipe 45 into which atmospheric air is drawn in, while exhaust gases are forced to be drawn out using an exhaust blower 20.  During operation of the drive 21 of the exhaust supercharger 20, the blades 23 of the exhaust supercharger 20 mounted on the rotary axis of the actuator 21 rotate, as a result of which the air inside the exhaust chamber 50 is forcibly supplied to the exhaust gas outlet 60 (see  FIG.  3) through the exhaust outlet 20a of the exhaust blower 20.  As a result, the internal pressure in the exhaust gas outlet 60 is higher than atmospheric pressure, while the back pressure acts on the exhaust chamber 50, the gas supply pipe 45, the combustion chamber 48, the intake chamber 14 and the intake manifold 13, as a result of which atmospheric air is sucked in in the hole of the intake manifold 13 and is fed into the intake chamber 14 directly through the specified suction line 13.  After that, part of the air entering the intake chamber 14 enters directly into the combustion chamber 48 through the opening of the intake chamber 14, and the other part enters the burner 30 through the venturi 31 and then into the combustion chamber 48 through the openings in the burner 30.  After that, the air entering the combustion chamber 48 is supplied to the exhaust chamber 50 through the gas supply pipe 45 and then to the exhaust gas outlet 60 due to the rotation of the blades of the exhaust supercharger 23, which is ultimately brought out.  In the above state, when fuel is injected from the fuel line 70 through the nozzle 80a of the injector 80 into the venturi 31 of the burner 30, the fuel is mixed with air inside the air intake chamber 14.  After that, the resulting gas mixture is fed into the combustion chamber 48 through the holes in the burner 30.  At this moment, when the ignition is working (not shown in the figure), the specified gas mixture ignites when it is fed through the holes in the burner 30.  On the other hand, when water in the heating main is forcibly circulated by means of a circulation pump 100 (see  FIG.  1), low temperature portions of water are supplied from the bottom of the heater (not shown in the figure) to the water chamber 46 of the heat exchanger 40 through the water inlet 91 (see  FIG.  1), after which it returns to the lower part of the heater through the outlet pipe for water 92 (see  FIG.  1).  As a result, the low-temperature water in the water chamber 46 of the heat exchanger 40 is heated to high temperature by the gas in the combustion chamber 48 and the gas supply pipe 45 and then returns to the lower part of the heater through the water outlet 92.  In FIG.  Figure 3 shows another example of a standard boiler of an ascending type with a combustion system and an exhaust supercharger.  As can be seen from the figure, a standard boiler of an ascending type contains a gas supply pipe 45 into which atmospheric air is drawn in, while exhaust gases are forced to be drawn out using an exhaust blower 20.  In this case, the air intake device 11 is located on the free end of the exhaust outlet pipe 60, and the outlet openings bOa and inlet openings Pa are located respectively on the free end of the exhaust outlet pipe 60 and at the front end of the outer part of the air intake device 11, the air intake 13 being connected to air intake device 11, as a result of which exhaust gases are discharged to the outside, and atmospheric air is sucked in.  In FIG.  4 shows an example of a standard descending type boiler boiler with an exhaust supercharger.  As can be seen from the figure, a standard boiler of an ascending type contains a gas supply pipe 45 into which atmospheric air is drawn in, while exhaust gases are forced to be drawn out using an exhaust blower 20.  During operation of the drive 21 of the exhaust blower 20, the blades 23 of the exhaust blower 20 mounted on the rotary axis of the drive 21 rotate, as a result of which the air inside the exhaust chamber 50 is forcibly supplied to the exhaust gas outlet 60 (see  FIG.  3) through the exhaust outlet 20a of the exhaust blower 20.  As a result, the internal pressure in the exhaust gas outlet 60 is higher than atmospheric pressure, while the back pressure acts on the exhaust chamber 50, the gas supply pipe 45, the inversion chamber 47, the combustion pipe 44 and the intake pipe 13, as a result of which atmospheric air is sucked in into the hole of the intake manifold 13.  After that, part of the air entering the intake chamber 14 enters directly into the combustion chamber 48 through the opening of the intake chamber 14, and the other part enters the burner 30 through the venturi 31 and then into the combustion pipe 44 through the openings in the burner 30.  After that, the downward flow of air in the combustion pipe 44 changes direction in the inversion chamber 47 and is supplied to the exhaust chamber 50 through the gas supply pipe 45.  Further, air from the exhaust chamber 50 is supplied to the exhaust gas outlet 60 due to the rotation of the blades of the exhaust supercharger 23 and is ultimately brought out.  In the above state, when fuel is injected through the nozzle 80a of the injector 80 into the venturi 31 of the burner 30, the fuel is mixed with air inside the air intake chamber 14.  After that, the resulting gas mixture is fed into the combustion chamber 48 through the holes in the burner 30.  At this moment, when the ignition is working (not shown in the figure), the specified gas mixture ignites when it is fed through the holes in the burner 30.  On the other hand, the low-temperature water in the water chamber 46 of the heat exchanger 40 is heated to a high temperature by the gas in the combustion pipe 44, the inversion chamber 47, and the gas supply pipe 45, and then returns to the bottom of the heater through the water outlet 92 ( cm.  FIG.  1).  However, in a standard boiler boiler with an exhaust supercharger 20, a schematic view of which is shown in FIG.  1-4, exhaust gases are discharged to the outside by an exhaust supercharger 20, while atmospheric air is drawn in by the back pressure it creates.  As a result, the air intake is not as uniform as the exhaust (i.e. e. , the amount of intake air is less than expected due to friction of the air flow during the passage of the entire system), and the gas mixture is not completely burned, which negatively affects the thermal efficiency of the boiler and the environmental situation around it.  To solve these problems, a boiler was created with a combustion system having a forced air intake device 1, as shown in FIG.  5-7, in which atmospheric air is forced-in by forced air intake 1, and exhaust gases are discharged outside when the back pressure created by it falls asleep.  The forced air intake device 1 includes a suction supercharger 1b, which serves to force the supply of atmospheric air to the combustion chamber 48 or combustion pipe 44, a drive 1a, which serves to transmit the rotational movement of the suction supercharger 1b, an injector Id for injecting fuel supplied from the fuel line 70, and ignition (not shown in the figure), used to ignite the gas mixture.  In a standard boiler with a combustion system, atmospheric air is forced in using the forced air intake device 1, as a result of which the fuel and gas are mixed in the required proportion and the gas mixture is completely burned, which increases the efficiency of the combustion process.  However, the exhaust gases are not brought out with the necessary efficiency due to friction of the air flow, as a result of which the load on the drive 1a of the forced air intake device 1 is greatly increased.  The consequence of this is the need to use a forced air intake device 1 of an increased size, which during operation creates an increased noise level and, therefore, requires the installation of a silencer.  BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DEVICE An object of the present invention is to provide a boiler with a combustion system having improved air intake and exhaust gas characteristics.  To achieve this and other objectives of the present invention, a boiler with a combustion system is used, having an air intake line and an exhaust gas outlet pipe, which are used for forced air intake and / or exhaust gas exhaust using a suction supercharger that includes a supercharger, including a drive and supercharger blades mounted on the rotary axis of the drive and installed in the intake manifold, and used for intake of atmospheric air, as well as exhaust th supercharger mounted on the rotary axis of the drive and installed in the exhaust pipe, which serves to force the exhaust gases into the atmosphere.   Other objectives, advantages and details of the arrangement and operation of the boiler with the combustion system of the present invention will be disclosed in the detailed description of the preferred embodiment of the device, which is given below with reference to the graphic material, where FIG.  1-3, examples of standard boilers of an ascending type with a combustion system and an exhaust supercharger are given; In FIG.  4 shows an example of a standard descending type boiler with a combustion system and an exhaust supercharger; In FIG.  Figure 5 shows an example of a standard boiler of an ascending type with a combustion system and a forced air intake device; In FIG.  6 shows the main components of the forced air intake device of FIG.  5; In FIG.  7 illustrates an example of a standard descending type boiler with a combustion system and a forced air intake device; In FIG.  8-11 are examples of boilers of an ascending type with a combustion system, as well as a intake and exhaust supercharger in accordance with the principles of this device; In FIG.  12 and 13 are examples of descending boiler types with a combustion system, as well as an intake and exhaust supercharger in accordance with the principles of this device.  DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS OF THE DEVICE A preferred embodiment of the device of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the figures.  In FIG.  8-11 are examples of boilers of an ascending type with a combustion system, as well as an intake and exhaust supercharger in accordance with the principles of this device, and in FIG.  12 and 13 are examples of a downward type boiler with a combustion system, as well as an intake and exhaust supercharger in accordance with the principles of this device, the components corresponding to those shown in FIG.  1-7 are marked with the corresponding numbers and are omitted in the description.  v In FIG.  Figure 8 shows an example of an upward type boiler with a combustion system, as well as an intake and exhaust supercharger 20 in accordance with the principles of this device.  In accordance with these principles, an ascending type boiler with a combustion system includes a heating grid 93 a, into which atmospheric air is forcibly forced, and exhaust gases are forcibly discharged into the atmosphere by an intake and exhaust supercharger 20.  In FIG.  9 shows a variant of FIG.  8, which depicts another example of an ascending type boiler with a combustion system, as well as an intake and exhaust blower 20 in accordance with the principles of this device.  In accordance with these principles, an ascending type boiler with a combustion system includes a heating grid 93 a, into which atmospheric air is forcibly forced, and exhaust gases are forcibly discharged into the atmosphere by an intake and exhaust supercharger 20.  In FIG.  10 shows yet another embodiment of FIG.  8, which depicts another example of an ascending type boiler with a combustion system, as well as an intake and exhaust blower 20 in accordance with the principles of this device.  In accordance with these principles, an upward-going boiler with a combustion system includes a gas supply pipe 45 into which atmospheric air is forcibly forced, and exhaust gases are forcibly discharged into the atmosphere by a suction and exhaust supercharger 20.  In FIG.  11 shows a variant of FIG.  10, which shows another example of an ascending type boiler with a combustion system, as well as an intake and exhaust blower 20 in accordance with the principles of this device.  In accordance with these principles, an upward-going boiler with a combustion system includes a gas supply pipe 45 into which atmospheric air is forcibly forced, and exhaust gases are forcibly discharged into the atmosphere by a suction and exhaust supercharger 20.  In FIG.  12 shows an example of a boiler of a downward type with a combustion system, as well as a suction and exhaust supercharger 20 in accordance with the principles of this device.  In accordance with these principles, a downward type boiler with a combustion system includes a gas supply pipe 45 into which atmospheric air is forced to be pumped, and exhaust gases are forced into the atmosphere by a suction and exhaust supercharger 20.  The heat exchanger 40 used in preferred embodiments of the device of the present invention includes an external cylindrical tank 41 with upper and lower openings closed by the upper and lower covers 42 and 43, respectively; a pipe, combustion 44, and a set of gas supply pipes 45 located inside the tank 41; a water chamber 46, implemented in the space between the external tank 41, the upper and lower covers 42 and 43, the combustion pipe 44 and the set of gas supply pipes 45 so that the water chamber is in a closed space due to the open entrances and exits of the combustion pipe 44 and a set of gas supply pipes 45 pass through the upper and lower covers 42 and 43; as well as an inversion chamber 47 located in the lower part of the bottom cover 43.  In accordance with the principles of this device, when the heat exchanger is operating, in which the combustion pipe 44 and gas supply pipes 45 are arranged coaxially inside the other, the exhaust gases coming from the set of gas supply pipes 45 are distributed evenly to the atmosphere, which improves the heat transfer function of this node.  In FIG.  13 shows a variant of FIG.  12, which depicts another example of a top-down boiler with a combustion system, as well as a suction and exhaust fan 20 in accordance with the principles of this device.  In accordance with these principles, an upward-going boiler with a combustion system includes a gas supply pipe 45 into which atmospheric air is forcibly forced, and exhaust gases are forcibly discharged into the atmosphere by a suction and exhaust supercharger 20.  The blower for intake and exhaust 20 in accordance with the present invention includes a drive 21, a suction blower 22 located on the rotary axis of the drive 21 and mounted on the intake manifold 12 or 13, which serves to force the intake of atmospheric air, and an exhaust blower 23 located on the rotating the axis of the actuator 21 and mounted on the exhaust pipe 60, which serves to force the exhaust gases.  During operation of the drive 21, the suction 22 and exhaust 23, the superchargers located on the rotary axis of the drive 21 simultaneously rotate, providing forced intake of atmospheric air into the intake manifold 12 or 13, respectively, by the intake blower 22 and forced exhaust exhaust through the exhaust outlet 60, respectively, of the exhaust supercharger 23.  Thus, a constant flow of air and gases is provided in the intake manifold, combustion and exhaust lines, and the power of the drive 21 is saved as much as possible.  As is clear from the above description, the boiler with the combustion system of the present invention has a supercharger for intake and exhaust, by which atmospheric air is forced to be forced, and exhaust gases are forced to

atmosphere, so that a constant flow of air and gases in the intake manifold, combustion and exhaust lines is ensured, and boiler performance is improved.

In addition, the drive power is saved as much as possible, as a result of which the noise level produced by the drive during operation is reduced and it becomes possible to install a drive of lower power with a corresponding reduction in the cost of the process.

Claims (2)

1. Boiler boiler with a combustion system having a heat exchanger, an intake manifold and an exhaust manifold with forced intake of atmospheric air and exhaust gases to the atmosphere using a supercharger, wherein said boiler includes a drive; a suction supercharger located on the rotary axis of the drive and installed on the intake manifold and serving for forced intake of atmospheric air; an exhaust supercharger located on the rotary axis of the drive and installed on the exhaust exhaust pipe, which serves to force the exhaust gases to exit. 2. A boiler with a combustion system according to claim 1, characterized in that said heat exchanger includes an external cylindrical tank with upper and lower openings, which are closed, respectively, by upper and lower covers; a combustion pipe and a set of gas supply pipes located inside the tank, wherein said combustion pipe is eccentric relative to the inside of said tank; a water chamber implemented in the space between the external tank, the upper and lower caps, the specified combustion pipe and the specified set of gas supply pipes so that the specified water chamber is in a confined space due to the open entrances and exits of the specified combustion pipe and the specified set gas supply pipes pass through the indicated upper and lower covers; as well as an inversion chamber located at the bottom of said bottom cover.