RU2717661C1 - Catcher for piscicultural water - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: hydraulic engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to hydraulic engineering and can be used in creating piscicultural pools for the purpose of controlled removal of water from them and exclusion and injury of fish cultivated in them. Water-discharge device of fish-breeding basin 2 includes a water-regulating device made in the form of the flexible rubberized air-filled shell 4, arranged in concrete support 1 of fish-breeding basin 2 along its entire width, with support platform 5 installed on it and fish-screening net 6. Discharge of discharged water is carried out in water intake gallery 8, made with a slope throughout the width of fish-breeding basin, with its subsequent supply into pipeline. At the same time fish-screening mesh 6 is installed in frame structure 5 along the whole width of the flexible air-filled shell 4. Use of a water-flow device of a fish-breeding basin allows to ensure uniform water discharge along the entire width of the basin with controlled water exchange in its water area. Besides, the use of an air-filled system arranged in a downstream basin with a rigid fish-screening grid arranged thereon enables to exclude injury and removal of fish from the pool with water flow.

EFFECT: disclosed is a water-discharge device of a fish-breeding basin.

3 cl, 6 dwg

Description

The invention relates to hydraulic engineering and can be used to create aquaculture pools, with the aim of a regulated drainage of water from them and the elimination of the removal and trauma of fish cultured in them.

A well-known canal basin for aquaculture (RU 2646918, 03/12/2018), located near the irrigation (irrigation-watering) channel of the irrigation and drainage system, includes a water intake node consisting of a level controller and a two-thread water intake controller and a spillway node with garbage and fish protective nets arranged on it.

The disadvantage of the technical solution is the concentrated discharge of water from the pool directly into the irrigation canal, the need to install garbage and fish-protecting structures in the spillway assembly. During the operation of the pool on the spillway, it is possible to injure the fish and press them with the water flow to the metal gratings, as well as take fry or fry into the canal.

The structural and technical solution of the bottom drainage with a mesh fence is known (see Nesterov, M.V. Waterworks and fish ponds: a training manual / M.V. Nesterov, I.M. Nesterova. - Minsk: New knowledge; M. - INFRA-M, 2012. - S. 541-543), including a drain pipe arranged in the dam of the fish pond, metal grids mounted in the grooves of the frame racks and regulating the discharge of water by the chanding devices.

The disadvantage of the analogue is the uneven release of water from the pond by means of a water outlet pipe arranged in the bottom of the water outlet, and, as a result, the formation of high flow velocities at the inlet of the bottom water discharge, leading to injury and death of the fish.

The closest technical solution is a tower culvert from a fish pond (see Nesterov, M.V. Waterworks and fish ponds: a training manual / M.V. Nesterov, I.M. Nesterova. - Minsk: New knowledge; M. - INFRA-M, 2012. - S. 547-549), including a tower, a water control device, fish nets, a fish trap and a drain pipe.

The drawback of the tower gutter is the concentrated release of water masses, which ensures water exchange only in the bottom part of the fish pond, which in turn leads to a significant increase in water flow rates within the inlet part of the water outlet and, as a result, to injury to fish on the fish net. At the same time, the naturally overheated and phyto-contaminated layer of the water layer in the upper part of the aquatic area remains fishy (stagnant) and unsuitable for many fish species.

The aim of the invention is the creation of a structural and technical solution of the drainage device of the fish farm, providing adjustable flow rate across the entire width of the fish farm, as well as eliminating unregulated removal, trauma and death of fish.

The tasks to be solved by the present invention are directed:

- creation of conditions for uniform, dispersed and regulated water exchange in the aquatic area of the fish farm;

- the exclusion of the formation of high speeds of the water flow within the inlet head of the drainage structure and the formation of stagnant zones in the aquatic area of the fish farm;

- prevention of the removal of juvenile fish from the pool by a high-speed water stream, as well as their injury and death on the fish blocking device of the bottom drainage;

- elimination of the need to create a complex of structures and devices in the form of several bottom or additional siphon gutters as part of the fish farm.

The technical result to which this invention is directed is to create a drainage device from a fish farm that provides controlled water exchange across the entire width and thickness of the fish farm without the formation of stagnant and high-speed zones and prevents the removal, trauma and death of cultured fish when dumping their pool water .

The technical result is achieved by creating a drainage device for the fish tank, including a water control device made in the form of a flexible rubberized air-filled shell, placed in the concrete support of the fish tank along its entire width with a supporting platform and a fish net attached to it. Water discharged through a fish net is discharged to a water reception gallery arranged behind a concrete abutment, with its subsequent discharge into the bottom drainage. In this case, the fish net is installed in the frame structure along the entire width of the spillway of the flexible air-filled shell.

The invention is illustrated by drawings: FIG. 1 - Plan of the drainage device from the fish tank; FIG. 2 - Drainage device in the mode of water support (with a water regulating element completely filled with air and a fish net raised above the water level in the pool); FIG. 3 - A drainage device operating in a drainage mode with a deflated air-filled shell; FIG. 4 - Diagram of the operation of the drainage device with full filling of the shell and the absence of water discharge; FIG. 5 - Diagram of the operation of the drainage device with partial filling of the shell and partial discharge of water from the fish tank; FIG. 6 - Diagram of the operation of the drainage device in the absence of filling the shell and the maximum discharge of water from the fish tank.

The numbers in the drawing indicate: 1 - coastal abutment; 2 - fish farm; 3 - compressor installation; 4 - air-filled shell; 5 - supporting frame platform; 6 - fish net; 7 - support racks; 8 - water intake gallery; 9 - drain pipe of the drain; 10 - bottom drainage; 11 - duct.

The drainage device of the fish tank (Fig. 1, 2) is made as follows.

In the coastal concrete abutment 1, made in the dam of the fish tank 2 along its entire width, a water control element is arranged, which is a flexible rubberized air-filled shell 4 using a compressor 3. A supporting platform 5 of a frame structure with a fish fence 6 fixed to it is attached to the surface of the air-filled shell 4 arranged across the entire width of the water control element. By adjusting the filling of the flexible shell 4 with air supplied by the compressor unit 3 by means of the duct 11, it rises to the level necessary for water exchange and diffuse overflow of water across the entire width of the fish tank with its draining into the intake gallery 7 and then into the pipeline 8.

The drainage device of the fish farm works as follows (Fig. 3-Fig. 6).

Using the compressor 3 and the air duct, the shell 4 is filled with air to the required amount necessary to maintain a certain level of water in the pool, its partial or complete overflow (throughout its entire thickness) through the water control element of the drainage device. If there is no need to discharge the water masses, the shell 4 is completely filled with air. In order to prevent fish from being discharged by the discharged water stream, the drainage device is equipped with a fish-catching device 6, which operates in automatic mode when the shell 4 is lifted and the required water flow is passed. The water discharged from the pool enters the water intake gallery 7 and is discharged into the water body by means of the pipe 8. Depending on the water level and the amount of discharge, the casing is pumped by air through an arranged air regulator.

The use of the drainage device of the fish-breeding pool will ensure uniform release of water across the entire width of the pool with controlled water exchange in its water area. In addition, the use of an air-filled shell, arranged in a lower abutment direction in the basin of the abutment with a rigid fish net placed on it, eliminates injury and removal of fish from the pool with a water stream.

Claims (3)

1. The drainage device of the fish tank, including a water control element, a fish net and a drain pipe, characterized in that the water control device is made in the form of a flexible rubberized air-filled shell, placed in the concrete support of the fish tank along its entire width, with a supporting platform and a fish barrier attached to it the grid. 2. The drainage device of the fish tank according to claim 1, characterized in that the discharge of discharged water is carried out in the water intake gallery, made for concrete support across the entire width of the drainage front, with its subsequent release into the drainage pipeline. 3. The drainage device of the fish tank according to claim 1, characterized in that the fish net is installed in the frame structure along the entire width of the flexible air-filled shell with the possibility of changing its vertical location.

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