RU2716090C2 - Universal sword for forest planting - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: forestry.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to forestry, in particular, to manual tools for plants planting. Device includes a seating pipe, in upper part of which are mounted handles, and in lower part working member is located. Working element is made in the form of two blades, each of which in upper part has arched through slot, two pressing pads with arc-like through slots and at least two bolts with nuts. One of clamping shoes is rigidly installed on vertical plate mounted in lower part of mounting pipe. In the cavity of the landing pipe there are extra seats installed eccentrically in each other.

EFFECT: such performance increases efficiency of work and reduces their labour intensity, as well as provides ease of use.

1 cl, 9 dwg

Description

The universal sword for planting forest crops relates to forestry, in particular to hand tools for planting plants.

Known sword for planting forest crops, including a cylindrical rod with a transverse handle and a working body with an emphasis on the leg [1].

Note that the size of seedlings and seedlings of forest crops vary depending on the breed and age. Therefore, when they are planted, the sizes of the holes are also different. The disadvantage of the above described device is the inability to control the geometry (size) of the working body. This circumstance leads either to the need to have several devices with excellent geometric characteristics of the working body, or to perform all operations with one device, which leads to a decrease in productivity and makes it inconvenient to use.

In addition, the need for tilting by the planter when placing seedlings or seedlings in the planting hole leads to additional physical exertion, increasing the time spent on planting operations, and ultimately reduces the productivity of the work.

Known manual tool for planting seedlings, including a rod with a handle and a blade with a tip, having cutting edges formed by the radius of the front and rear surfaces. An additional cutting element is installed on the front surface along the axis of its symmetry in the form of a cutting edge formed by two planes with a tip [2].

The disadvantage of this device is the impossibility of adjusting the geometry (size) of the working body for the formation of the planting hole and the need for tilting the planter when placing seedlings or seedlings in the planting hole.

The closest analogue to the claimed invention is a device for planting plants, which was selected as a prototype. The device includes a landing pipe, in the upper part of which the handles are rigidly mounted, and in the lower working body and a support frame pivotally mounted on the landing pipe [3].

The disadvantage of this device is the inability to control the geometry (sizes) of the working body for the formation of landing holes of various sizes. This circumstance leads either to the need to have several devices with excellent geometric characteristics of the working body, or to perform all operations with one device, reducing the productivity of the work performed and increasing their complexity. For the same reasons, the device is inconvenient to use.

In addition to the decrease in productivity and increase the complexity of the work is the fact that the design does not provide for the possibility of changing the diameter of the landing pipe. When planting seedlings or seedlings, the sizes of which do not allow them to be placed in the planting tube, the planter is forced to tilt. In the opposite situation, when the diameter of the planting tube is much larger than the maximum diameter of the seedling or seedling in the horizontal plane (as a rule, this is the diameter of the earth's root coma), the planter is also forced to plant by tilting, since the planting tube does not provide proper orientation (vertical position ) a seedling or seedling in the planting hole.

These shortcomings can be solved by using several devices designed for planting seedlings and seedlings of forest crops of various sizes, i.e. devices with different sizes of the working body and the diameters of the landing pipe. However, their production requires a large amount of material, and during transportation and storage, significant space is needed in the vehicle or in the warehouse.

The technical result, which is claimed by the claimed universal sword for planting forest crops, is to increase productivity, ensure ease of use and reduce the complexity of work when planting seedlings or seedlings of various pedigree and age composition, due to the ability to adjust the size of the working body and the diameter of the planting tube. In addition, an additional technical result appears, consisting in reducing the required space during storage and transportation of a set of additional landing pipes.

A technical result is achieved due to the fact that the working body is made in the form of two blades, each of which is equipped with an arc-shaped through groove in the upper part, two pressing blocks with arcuate through-grooves, one of which is rigidly mounted on a vertical plate mounted in the lower part of the landing pipe and at least two bolts with nuts, while additional landing tubes are eccentrically placed in the cavity of the landing pipe.

The invention is explained graphically.

In FIG. 1 shows a front view of the device. Two blades are maximally extended, and in the landing pipe there are no additional landing pipes.

In FIG. 2 - the same, but the blades are maximally closed, and in the landing pipe an additional landing pipe of the smallest diameter is placed in an intermediate position.

FIG. 3 shows a side view of the device. Two additional landing tubes are placed in the landing pipe, one of which is in an intermediate position.

In FIG. 4 depicts the process of forming a landing well. Two additional landing tubes are placed in the landing tube.

In FIG. 5 and FIG. 6 shows the blades of the working body.

In FIG. 7 - pressing block.

In FIG. 8 is a diagram of an additional landing pipe.

In FIG. 9 depicts a universal sword for planting forest crops without blades, bolts with nuts and pressure pads. Three additional landing tubes are placed in the landing pipe.

A universal sword for planting forest crops, includes a landing pipe 1, in the upper part of which handles 2 are mounted, and in the lower part there is a working body.

The working body is made in the form of two blades 3 and 4, each of which in the upper part has an arcuate through groove 5 and 6, respectively, two pressing blocks 7 and 8 with arcuate through grooves 9 and 10 and at least two bolts with nuts 11 and 12.

Blades 3 and 4 have cutting edges 13 and 14, respectively.

The pressing block 8 is rigidly mounted on a vertical plate 15 mounted in the lower part of the landing pipe 1.

The vertical plate 15 may be equipped with a footrest 16.

In the cavity of the landing tube 1, the additional landing tubes 17, 18 and 19 are eccentrically placed (the vertical axis is shifted towards the working body) one into the other. This arrangement is due to the need to ensure the best match of the upper part of the landing hole with the lower edges of the additional landing tubes 17, 18 and 19 .

Based on the species and age composition of seedlings and seedlings that are widely used in reforestation, the following dimensional and quantitative characteristics of a set of additional planting tubes can be recommended. The device must contain three additional bore pipes with a diameter of 80, 60 and 40 mm, with a diameter of the bore pipe of 100 mm.

Additional landing tubes 17, 18 and 19 may be made of plastic.

The process of planting seedlings and seedlings of forest crops is as follows. Before starting work, the planter prepares a universal sword for planting forest crops to the size of the planted seedling or seedling. Preparation includes adjusting the geometric dimensions of the working body and the diameter of the landing pipe 1. The working body is regulated by loosening the bolts with nuts 11, 12 passing through the arcuate through grooves 5, 6, 9, 10, and moving two blades 3 and 4 located between the pressing pads 7 and 8. By placing additional seed tubes 17, 18 and 19 in the seed tube 1, the diameter of the seed tube 1 is set. The diameter of the seed tube 1 is designed for the maximum size of a seedling or seedling.

After the adjustment, the planter moves to the landing site, where he lifts the device 2 with both hands in front of him and sharply deepens the working body into the soil to the desired depth. If necessary, an emphasis can be used for foot 16. Then, by means of translational alternating movements from itself to itself, it forms a landing hole. In carrying out this operation, a technique can also be applied in which the device embedded in the soil rotates around its vertical axis clockwise, and then counterclockwise or vice versa. Translational and circular motions can be combined when forming a landing hole.

After that, the plantter tilts the device and, through the planting tube 1 or additional planting tubes 17, 18 and 19 (if installed), places a seedling or seedling in the planting hole and then carefully removes the universal sword for planting forest crops. By repeated intake at a short distance, it again deepens the working body to half the depth of the planting hole and instills a seedling or seedling. The deepening remaining after the removed working body is closed with a foot. Then it moves to a new landing site and the cycle of work is repeated.

Thus, the claimed device provides an increase in productivity, ease of use and reduce the complexity of the work when planting seedlings or seedlings of various pedigree and age composition. In addition, the required space for storage and transportation of a set of additional landing tubes is reduced.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

1. Patent for invention RU 2145780 “Sword for planting forest crops”, filed January 12, 1998.

2. Copyright certificate SU 944514 "Hand tool for planting seedlings", filed July 23, 1982

3. Patent for invention GB 1517416 "Device for planting plants", filed July 12, 1978

Claims (1)

A universal sword for planting forest crops, including a landing pipe, in the upper part of which handles are mounted, and in the lower part - a working body, characterized in that the working body is made in the form of two blades, each of which is equipped with an arcuate through groove in the upper part, two pressing blocks with arcuate through grooves, one of which is rigidly mounted on a vertical plate mounted in the lower part of the landing pipe, and at least two bolts with nuts, while in the cavity of the landing pipe it is eccentric mescheny one another additional planting pipe.

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