RU2713679C1 - Unified command-and-measurement station - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: control systems.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to a method of controlling a spacecraft and a ground-based control system, in particular to a method of controlling spacecraft and performing measurements of flight of aerospace engineering, and a unified command-and-measurement station. Unified command-and-control station represents a set of technical means for controlling a spacecraft, a sector of measurement information, a communication unit, which are arranged in a single unified modular structure, operational control elements of separate command-and-measurement systems, separate measuring stations of process equipment, sectors of placement of duty shifts and calculations of spacecraft control facilities. Telemetering means are used to form control and measurement circuits consisting of antenna systems, equipment for receiving and recording telemetric information, quantum-optical means and communication lines for data transmission systems.

EFFECT: higher efficiency of actions and measurements; increase of efficiency of generation and transmission of command-plan information; monitoring is increased.

1 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to a method for controlling spacecraft and a ground-based control complex, in particular, to a method for organizing control of spacecraft and measuring flights of rocket and space technology products, and a unified command and measuring station.

The prior art method for controlling spacecraft in flight and a ground-based control complex for its implementation (see RU2588178C1, publ. 06/27/2016). To control spacecraft, the flight control center receives an operational control signal from the onboard control system of the spacecraft, processes the received signal, forms a sign of the presence of emergency parameters, if there is one, they form a transit command to receive telemetric information in the current communication session, and transmit it to the onboard space control complex apparatus, write the parameters of the operational control information to the server of the central database of the hardware-software complex c ntra flight control. The ground-based spacecraft control center contains a flight control center, command and measuring systems, data transmission systems, a ballistic center, ballistic information collection systems, a GLONASS center, synchronization and single-time systems, control system planning systems, a system control center, a payload control center, a backup automated information technology system for processing telemetric information connected in a certain way.

The closest analogue of the claimed group of the invention is a method for controlling means of a ground-based automated control system for spacecraft of scientific and socio-economic purposes and measurements (options) and a ground-based automated control system for spacecraft of a scientific and socio-economic purpose and measurements (options) (see RU2592031C1, publ. . 07.20.2016). In each NAKU spacecraft control method, for each time interval specified on the basis of the spacecraft control technological cycle or the flight sequence of the launch vehicle or booster block, one operable configuration of ground control systems (measurements) is dynamically formed from a single and unified set of the indicated control and processing tools information, as well as computer networks and communications.

The disadvantages of these analogues, including the closest one, is that on most individual command-measuring complexes there is an excess of individual technical buildings and structures, the operation of which is quite burdensome and requires optimization.

The technical result of the claimed invention is to reduce the excessive number of technical buildings and structures; increasing the operational efficiency of duty shifts and calculations of spacecraft (SC) controls and measurements; increasing the efficiency of monitoring the operation of the means of individual command and measuring complexes (OKIK), individual measuring points (IPR); ensuring the unification of newly created, promising means and already existing, operated OKIK (OIP) means into one totality, increasing the efficiency of forming and transmitting command and planning information, providing automated control and maintaining the necessary level of constant life support for people and the operation of technical means (temperature and humidity conditions etc), increasing the level of access control to OKIK technical equipment (IPR) and conducting security measures, increasing the level of training of duty shifts due to the creation of a unified training complex as part of the UKIP.

The technical result of the claimed invention is achieved by creating a method for organizing control of spacecraft and taking flight measurements of rocket and space technology products, and creating a unified command and measuring station.

The claimed invention is illustrated in figure 1.

The diagram of figure 1 shows the structural diagram of the UKIP, elements 19-27 are not part of the UKIP. In figure 1 is indicated:

1 - unified technical modular design;

2 - household and material support sector;

3 - remote access control sector;

4 - control point UKIP;

5 - information security sector;

6 - a single time system;

7 - sector placement of special equipment;

8 - sector of ground stations command-measuring systems;

9 - sector of reception and registration of telemetric information;
10 - sector of quantum optical systems;

11 - standardized teaching aids;

12 - information and communication sector of the UKIP;

13 - data transmission system;

14 - communication node;

15 - antenna systems of the stations of command-measuring systems (AS NS KIS);

16 - antenna system of a satellite communications earth station;

17 - antenna system of equipment for receiving and registering TMI;

18 - quantum optical system;

19 - control center GICC;

20 - spacecraft control point;

21 - the center of the information and telemetry support system;

22 - ballistic center (BC) NAKU KA;

23 - center for the collection, processing and analysis of information;

24 - a single flight control center for upper stages;

25 - an automated control center for a single time system;

26 - collection point of measurements of a quantum optical system;

27 - general purpose center (PSC).

28 - unified command and measurement point (UKIP);

29 - the main space testing center (GICC);

30 - satellite communications system;

31 - trunk fiber optic network cables;

32 - radio relay communication channels;

33 - antenna field;

34 - TCC GICC.

The declared unified command and control point is a combination of spacecraft control equipment, measurement information sector, communication center, operational control bodies OKIK (OIP), technological equipment, shift shift accommodation and crew spacecraft calculation facilities, life support sector, required conditions operation of equipment and maintenance of TVR. All these funds are placed in a single unified technical modular design (UTMK). UTMK, depending on the amount of NAKU KA funds and the organizational and staff structure, forms a one- or two-story complex. The UKIP scheme is shown in FIG. 1.

The proposed method of organizing spacecraft control and providing launches with telemetry of the RCT products is as follows.

The spacecraft control center (19), located at the State Center for Control and Analysis, compiles lists of one-time teams (SC) and programs of communication sessions with the spacecraft and sends it via satellite or trunk fiber-optic communication channels to the UKIP communication center (14). The operator of the NS KIS sector receives information through the information and communication sector, after which the program of communication sessions is brought to the control unit of the UKIP (4). Command and program information (KPI), RK, control commands (KU) are sent through a special sector (7) to the KIS AS (15) and via a command radio link to the onboard control complex (BKU) of the spacecraft. BKU issues information of the reverse channel (PKI) - receipt of receipt of KPI, RK, KU and transmits on-board TMI, measurement of current navigation parameters (ITNP), target information (TsI) to NS KIS. After that, the information is transmitted to the control center of the spacecraft (19) GICC and BC NACU (22) and PSC (27) for further analysis.

Note that the further development of ground-based facilities, including NS KIS, should be unified and be able to conduct sessions with spacecraft in various orbits, and provide control both directly and with the help of relay technologies.

For the tasks of telemetric support for launches of RCT products, funds from the OKIK (OIP) are attracted in accordance with the KSISO program for LV of various types and NIK for RB and MB. From telemetry support, measurement loops are formed, consisting of antenna systems, TMI reception and recording equipment (9, 17), quantum optical means (10, 18), and communication lines of the data transmission system.

Reception of TMI from BRTS RN or RB is carried out by the antenna complex (17), depending on the equipment of the RCT telemetry devices UKIP can receive up to 16 independent channels of TMI. The TMI reception and registration sector receives a TMI signal from an antenna-feeder device, digitizes, modulates them and synchronizes them with the CEB time stamps (6).

The TMI sector performs the reception and transmission of information, as well as the post-session transmission to the information processing centers of the ITO CA (21), the CA OAI (23), the ECSU RB (24) and the PSC (27).

It is proposed that the UKIP be equipped with antenna complexes capable of receiving TMI in the operating frequency ranges MI, MII, MIII, DI, DII, DIV, for example, using an active phased antenna array with automatic tracking of measurement objects and automatic target designation without operator intervention.

The transmission of information flows is carried out due to the main fiber-optic communication lines, satellite and microwave channels. Their planning and allocation of frequency resources is carried out in the GICC.

For conducting external trajectory measurements, the UKIP spacecraft is proposed to be equipped with a modern quantum-optical KOS system (18, 10), capable of performing range-finding measurements of space objects at an altitude of up to 40,000 km, tracking and measuring angular distances for spacecraft equipped with retro-reflectors, as well as determining the angular coordinates of other space objects. This complex provides a significant increase in the accuracy of trajectory measurements in the regular technological spacecraft control cycle. The results of the CBS operation on the existing terrestrial communication channels should be transmitted to the CBS SIC GICC (26) and to the PSC (in the case of trajectory measurements of the GLONASS spacecraft) for information analysis.

Note that the UKIP is equipped with a single time system (4) synchronized with the ACS SEV (25) GICC and all technical means of controlling the spacecraft and measurements are synchronized with the SEV UKIP.

All information in UTMK is circulated through the ICS UKIP (12), for the security of which the information security sector is provided (5).

The communication center (CSS, 14) of the new generation, proposed for placement in the UKIP, should replace existing ones and should be built on modern telecommunication technologies based on digital methods of receiving and transmitting information. It is assumed that the CSS will be equipped with an SSSS (16), closed and open telephone and IP communications, closed and open video communications, GGS equipment, and a data exchange and transmission system (13).

In addition to the sectors for fulfilling the tasks of controlling the spacecraft and conducting telemetry, the proposed UKIP includes a sector of material support for personnel (2), which combines the cabinets of the OKIK command (OIP), office rooms, clerical meetings, private lounges composition, dressing rooms, bathrooms, eating rooms, etc.

For the implementation of the access control system in UKIP, a remote access control sector is provided, which is built on the basis of readers and actuators. Controllers and readers are used as a device for identifying identification features (UVIP) for permitting access. All ACS controllers are connected via the RS-485 interface to a single system, and are controlled automatically by software or by an operator through the PC console. Readers are designed to control access through one access point by reading codes of presented identifiers, checking access rights and closing (opening) relay contacts that control locking devices (electromagnetic lock).

For monitoring the perimeter of the protected area around the control system, monitoring antenna systems, hardware and technical equipment for controlling the spacecraft and measurements, the control center is equipped with a video monitoring system.

For the tasks of increasing the level of training and advanced training of operators and operating personnel, as well as conducting briefings in UKIP, the UUTK is provided, which is a modern, interactive training tool that provides the ability to test, train and control the level of knowledge of operators of the main technical means of UKIP.

The unified technical modular design (1) allows you to create various compact options for the placement of both control and measurement tools, and OKIK operational services (OIP), depending on the target load at a particular operating site. At the same time, UTMK is equipped with modern engineering systems for maintaining TVR and comfortable work of duty shift operators and operational services.

UKIP ensures efficient fulfillment of basic tasks both in everyday activities and in the case of various kinds of circumstances, allows you to switch to autonomous work without compromising the reliability and quality of the tasks performed, by equipping the UKIP with emergency warning systems and autonomous power supply.

A typical OKIK (OIP) operates about 20 geographically spaced technical buildings and structures. In 12-15 of them, the spacecraft control facilities, communication center, control center, telemetry facilities that can be transferred from UKIP are located, thus the economic feasibility and savings on operational measures from 60 to 75% are obvious.

It is also important to note that the functional location of the spacecraft control sectors, telemetry surveillance, communications, control points and control facilities of the operating site in a single unified technical complex will lead to a reduction in personnel necessary for servicing and fulfilling target tasks.

The creation and equipping of UKPIP operating points will allow building the innovative architecture of the NAKU KA, as well as switching to qualitatively new technical and technological principles that meet the challenges of the time, as well as high standards and requirements for stability, safety and reliability.

The equipment of the UKIP operation points will allow for the phased, parallel re-equipment of the spacecraft control equipment and the provision of measurements to the spacecraft due to the possibility of placing new promising technical equipment in a compact modular design with the gradual decommissioning of old technical equipment and facilities.

Thus, we can conclude that the placement of UKIP on the OKIK (OIP) will increase the efficiency and effectiveness of the tasks performed, as well as radically increase the technical and economic indicators in the future due to resource saving and reduce the cost of operation as existing facilities, and newly created.

Resource conservation and economic efficiency of the adopted technical solutions is to reduce the cost of operation and can be represented in the form of the formula:

,

,

where n is the number of technical buildings at OKIK (OIP);

– экономическая эффективность;

- economic efficiency;

– стоимость электроснабжения;

- the cost of electricity;

– стоимость водоснабжения и водоотведения;

- the cost of water supply and sanitation;

– стоимость отопления;

- the cost of heating;

– стоимость текущего ремонта;

- the cost of maintenance;

– стоимость содержания коммуникаций.

- the cost of maintaining communications.

A typical OKIK (OIP) operates about 20 geographically spaced technical buildings and structures. In 12-15 of them, the spacecraft control facilities, communication center, control center, telemetry facilities that can be transferred from UKIP are located, thus the economic feasibility and savings on operational measures from 60 to 75% are obvious.

It is also important to note that the functional location of the spacecraft control sectors, telemetry surveillance, communications, control points and control facilities of the operating site in a single unified technical complex will lead to a reduction in personnel necessary for servicing and fulfilling target tasks.

In addition, the use of UKIP increases the observability of the objects of the NACU spacecraft, which leads to increased controllability during directional reconfiguration, in the case of constructing new spacecraft control loops and taking measurements of RCT flights.

Claims (2)

1. A unified command and control station, which is a combination of technical means for controlling a spacecraft, a sector of measurement information, a communications center, operational controls of individual command and measurement complexes, individual measuring points of technological equipment, and duty shift sectors located in a single unified modular design and calculations of spacecraft controls, from the telemetry support are formed control loops and rhenium, consisting of antenna systems, equipment for receiving and recording telemetric information, quantum optical means, communication lines of data transmission systems, receiving telemetric information is carried out by the antenna complex, the sector for receiving and recording telemetric information receives a telemetry signal from the antenna-feeder device, digitizes them , modulation and synchronizes with time stamps by a single time system, the telemetry information sector performs the reception and transmission of information and the post-session transmission to information processing centers: information and telemetry support system center, information collection, processing and analysis center, unified flight control center for upper stages and a general purpose center, while the unified command and measurement station is equipped with antenna complexes capable of receiving telemetry information in workers frequency ranges MI, MII, MIII, DI, DII, DIV, the transmission of information flows is carried out due to the main fiber-optic communication lines, satellite and microwave channels. 2. The unified command and measurement point according to claim 1, characterized in that the antenna complexes are made using an active phased antenna array with automatic tracking of measurement objects and automatic input of target designations without operator intervention.

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