RU27130U1 - VENTILATION UNIT - Google Patents

Description

20Q2115946

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VENTILATION UNIT

The utility model relates to construction and can be used when installing vertical ventilation ducts (risers), mainly for residential multi-story buildings up to 17 floors.

Known ventilation risers to ensure air exchange in the premises of buildings, including satellite channels, each of which is connected to a specific room, see the Polytechnical Dictionary / Editorial: A.Yu. Ishlinsky (Ch. Ed.) And others. -3rd ed., Rev. and add. - M .: Big Russian Encyclopedia, 1998, pp. 74-75.

A block of the ventilation channel is known, made with a vertical through hole and a protrusion on the lower end surface from the channel side with a corresponding recess on the upper end surface to form a lock connection of the blocks, and the block on the lower end surface is made with a bevel from the outer surface of the block to the protrusion, and vertical grooves for reinforcement are formed on the outer surface of the block; at the same time, the blocks are made of ceramic or concrete of various compositions, including gypsum concrete and with lightweight aggregates, see USSR Copyright Certificate No. 1097767, cl. E04F17 / 04, 1981.

MKI E04F17 / 04

The disadvantages of the known ventilation unit are the large complexity of the assembly of the ventilation riser, as well as the large mass of the riser from these ventilation units as self-supporting structures, since in order to ensure air exchange using the known technical solutions, it is necessary that the number of ventilation ducts be equal to the number of ventilated rooms.

The closest to the claimed technical solution for the combination of essential features is a ventilation unit for assembling the ventilation riser of a residential multi-storey building, containing a vertical through channel collector and two satellite channels, each satellite channel equipped with a blind bridge, shifted in height to the upper base of the block, and two openings, respectively, for air intake and for bypassing air from the satellite channel into the collection channel; wherein said ventilation unit. made of structural concrete, see Shereshevsky I.A. Construction of civil buildings. Textbook for technical schools. Leningrad, Stroyizdat, Leningrad Branch, 1981; Drawing IZH 5.1-4.020 SB Ventilation unit B 09/27/35 (WB1). Assembly drawing..

From the known ventilation units, the ventilation riser of a residential multi-storey building is assembled, which includes transit (through) channels-collectors of an enlarged section and satellite channels leading to the air removed from the apartment. Through satellite channels, air rises to two floors. This cutting height between the channels ensures the impossibility of air from the underlying apartments when the draft is weakened. The draft in the ventilation ducts is prompted by the temperature difference in the apartment and the atmosphere. Each apartment needs at least two ventilation ducts - from the sanitary cabin and kitchen. In the interval of two floors, the satellite channels are equipped with a hole for passing air into the collection channel, a plug and “wafers - contour recesses for punching a hole into the apartment for air intake. In the ventilation unit, see Shereshevsky I.A. Construction of civil buildings. Textbook for technical schools. Leningrad, Stroyizdat, Leningrad branch, 1981. One of the two satellite channels has the indicated devices and the other through; in the riser, the through satellite channels alternate with the muffled ones. The satellite channels of the two upper floors are not included in the collection, but are displayed in the roof unit directly.

Known ventilation units are laborious in the manufacture and assembly of the ventilation riser of a residential multi-story building; when assembling the ventilation riser from known blocks, see Shereshevsky I.A. Construction of civil buildings. Textbook for technical schools. Leningrad, Stroyizdat, Leningrad branch, 1981, special knowledge and additional labor costs are required for punching holes in an apartment.

In addition, an increase in the cross-section of the collection channel in order to improve air exchange requires an increase in the geometric dimensions of the ventilation unit or the installation of two ventilation units in an apartment to remove air from the sanitary cabin and kitchen in residential buildings over 9 floors.

The problem to which the claimed technical solution is directed is to improve the quality of the blocks and the operational reliability of the ventilation ducts by maximizing their cross section at the nominal cross section of the ventilation riser (block) as a whole, as well as reducing labor costs and increasing the productivity of the process manufacturing of the inventive ventilation units.

The essence of the utility model is that the ventilation unit, including a vertical through-collector channel and two satellite channels, each satellite channel is equipped with a blind jumper shifted in height to the upper base of the block, and two holes, respectively, for air intake and for the air bypass from the satellite channel to the collection channel, ACCORDING TO THE USEFUL MODEL, the unit further comprises a vertical channel of small cross-section, made through and located between the satellite channels, moreover, said channels satellite satellites and a small cross-section channel are made along one of the sides of the collection channel; the ventilation unit is prefabricated and contains a voluminous metal frame equipped with three vertical lateral outer walls and a vertical inner wall with a partition for the formation of a through channel-collector, and an insert equipped with two vertical racks made in the form of channels from galvanized sheet steel with two attached to the mentioned racks

vertical walls-partitions for the formation of a through channel of small cross-section and a vertical lateral outer wall, while vertical metal racks in the form of corners and blind intermittent channels for satellite channels are attached to the sides of the latter; while the ventilation unit contains mounting loops mounted on the upper base from the inside of the bulk metal frame.

Distinctive essential features the unit additionally contains a vertical channel of small cross section, made through, allow you to use the specified additional vertical channel for ventilation, for example, the basement of the building.

Distinctive essential features are an additional vertical channel with a small cross-section, made through and located between the satellite channels, and the satellite channels and a small cross-section channel filled along one of the sides of the collector channel make it possible to rationally use the channels of the riser as a whole, to increase the draft in the channel collector due to the presence of the collection channel of an increased cross section close to square, as a result of which the resistance to air flow decreases, penalized through the collection channel, thereby improving the quality and operational reliability of the ventilation ducts.

Distinctive essential features the ventilation unit is prefabricated and contains a three-dimensional metal frame equipped with three vertical lateral outer walls and a vertical inner wall with a partition to form a through channel-collector, and an insert equipped with two vertical racks made in the form of channels from galvanized sheet steel with two attached to said racks by vertical wall-ceramics for the formation of a through channel of small cross section and in with a vertical lateral outer wall, while vertical metal racks in the form of corners are attached to the sides of the latter and blind plugs for satellite channels can reduce labor costs and increase the productivity of the manufacturing process of the inventive ventilation units by using a volumetric (lightweight) metal frame and partition walls, for example, of cement - particle boards or gypsum-fiber boards attached to the specified frame with self-tapping screws (self-tapping screws).

Distinctive significant features of the ventilation unit contains mounting loops installed on the upper base from the inside of the volumetric metal frame to ensure alignment of the channels of the ventilation units during the assembly of the riser and the accuracy of matching blocks along the contour.

The proposed utility model meets the condition of NOVELTY, as the applicant and the authors, the combination of its essential features is not known from the prior art.

The proposed utility model is INDUSTRIAL APPLICABLE and can be used in the installation of vertical ventilation ducts (risers) designed to exhaust air from the sanitary cabin and kitchen of residential multi-story buildings.

The utility model is illustrated by drawings, where in FIG. 1 shows a general view of a ventilation unit; in FIG. 2 is a side view; in FIG. 3 is a section AA in FIG. 1; in FIG. 4 is a section BB in FIG. 1 (the insert is conditionally depicted separately); in FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a design of a ventilation unit executed by a precast.

The ventilation unit consists of a vertical through channel-collector 1 with an enlarged cross-section, two satellite channels 2 and a through channel 3 of a small cross section. Each satellite channel 2 is equipped with a blind jumper 4, shifted in height to the upper base of the block, an opening 5 for air intake and an opening 6 for bypassing air from the satellite channel 2 to the collection channel 1.

The design of the ventilation unit is prefabricated and contains a three-dimensional metal frame 7 and an insert 8.

The metal frame 7 is provided with vertical lateral outer walls 9, 10 and 11 and a vertical inner wall-partition 12 to form a through channel-collector 1. In the ventilation unit along the wall 12 of the channel-collector 1 there are satellite channels 2 and a through channel 3 of small cross section moreover, the through channel 3 of small cross section is located between the satellite channels 2.

The insert 8 is equipped with two vertical posts 13 and 14, made in the form of channels from galvanized sheet steel roofing. Two vertical partition walls 15 and 16 are attached to the posts 13 and 14 to form a through channel 3 of small cross section and a vertical lateral outer wall 17. Vertical metal posts 18 and 19 in the form of corners and two blind jumpers 4 for channels are attached to the sides of the wall 17 -satellites 2.

The ventilation unit contains mounting loops 20, mounted using fasteners (screws) 21 on the upper base from the inside of the bulk metal frame 7.

Assembly of the ventilation unit is as follows.

According to the given sizes, walls 9, 10, 11, 12, 15, 16 and 17 are made of cement-bonded or gypsum-fiber plates, and corresponding holes 5 for air intake and holes 6 for air passage from satellite channels 2 are made in these walls to collection channel 1.

Further, a volumetric metal frame 7 is made from rolled metal by welding, onto which, using adhesive mastic applied to the contacting parts of the structural elements and fasteners (screws) 21, partition walls are installed: the outer side walls 9, 10 and 11 and the inner 12.

Separately, an insert 8 is assembled on the conductor: to the posts 13 and 14, with the help of the elements 21, the walls 15, 16 and 17 are sequentially attached; Further, to the wall 17, with the help of the elements 21, the posts 18 and 19 and the blind jumpers 4 are attached.

After manufacturing a three-dimensional metal frame 7 with walls mounted on it and insert 8, the ventilation unit is assembled by connecting said frame 7 and insert 8 with adhesive mastic applied to the contacting parts of the structural elements and fasteners 21.

The installation of vertical ventilation ducts (risers) from the ventilation blocks is carried out by laying them one on top of another with a cement mortar gasket between the blocks, while the mounting loops 20 installed on the upper base from the inside of the bulk metal frame 7 make it possible to ensure alignment of the channels and matching accuracy blocks along the contour.

Claims (3)

1. The ventilation unit, comprising a vertical through channel-collector and two satellite channels, each satellite channel is equipped with a blind bridge, displaced in height to the upper base of the unit, and two holes, respectively, for air intake and for air passage from the satellite channel to collection channel, characterized in that the unit further comprises a vertical small cross-section channel made through and located between satellite channels, said satellite channels and a small cross-section channel formed along one side of the collecting channel.  2. The ventilation unit according to claim 1, characterized in that the unit is prefabricated and contains a three-dimensional metal frame provided with three vertical lateral outer walls and a vertical inner wall-partition to form a through channel-collector, and an insert provided with two vertical racks made in the form of channels of galvanized sheet steel roofing, with two vertical walls-partitions attached to the said racks for the formation of a through channel of a small cross section and a vertical ikalnoy lateral outer wall, while on the sides of the last vertical metal posts secured in a blind corner and a jumper for satellite channels. 3. The ventilation unit according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the unit contains mounting loops mounted on the upper base from the inside of the surround metal frame.