RU2711570C1 - Method for stopping external bleeding - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medicine.

SUBSTANCE: invention refers to medicine, namely to surgery, traumatology, catastrophe medicine, and can be used for stopping external haemorrhage. For this purpose, hydrogel is preliminarily prepared from sterile distilled water using a thickener of CARBOPOL ETD 2020, or CARBOPOL 940, or CARBOMER type, which enables to obtain hydrogel viscosity of not less than 100 poise. Further, the hydrogel is applied on a vacuum-forming elastic element-suction cup, which is applied on the skin injury point and fixed with a medical plaster or bandage, thus performing crushing of the damaged vessel.

EFFECT: method provides temporary stop of external haemorrhage within minimum amount of time, reliable sealing of the damaged vessel, reduced blood loss.

1 cl, 1 ex

Description

The invention relates to medicine, in particular to surgery, traumatology, disaster medicine and can be used for emergency assistance in stopping bleeding from various vessels, on any part of the body, in victims of any age, including wounds in combat conditions.

A known method of stopping bleeding by applying a pressure dressing to the wound. This method involves applying a pillow of hygroscopic sterile material to the wound and fixing it with tight bandaging. The technique is suitable for stopping venous bleeding of the veins of the upper and lower extremities [Yu.R. Revzanov // Bleeding, types of bleeding and methods for stopping them // Ulyanovsk State Agricultural Academy named after P.A. Stolypin, 2015].

The application of a pressure dressing cannot be used for arterial bleeding due to its inefficiency. The dressing cannot provide the necessary pressure to stop arterial bleeding. In addition, due to rapid blood soaking, the dressing soon after application loses its effectiveness. A known method of stopping bleeding by flashing damaged vessels with special vascular suture material. Sewing is performed under operating conditions and implies a complete stop of bleeding from a damaged vessel. [V.V. Perlovskaya, A.I. Lavrenchik, A. Strashinsky // Bleeding. Methods for stopping bleeding. Methodical recommendations // Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Professional Education, Irkutsk State Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education, 2015].

A known method of stopping bleeding using your own body tissues, such as muscles. [V.E. Romanishchev, A.S. Tutov, V.V. Tail, M.D. Sychov, I.D. Lifirenko, S.S. Sainus, Yu.S. Crow, I.M. Romanishchev // Patent No. 2331371 from 08/20/2008].

Sewing, applying clamps and ligatures, as well as using your own body tissues to stop bleeding, requires sterile operating conditions, the presence of a qualified specialist and tools, which may not be in emergency conditions.

A known method of stopping bleeding using ligatures or clamps. [F. Serbinenko, A.N. Shkarubo // State Research Institute of Neurosurgery. Academician N.N. Burdenko RAMS // Patent No. 2225174 03/10/2004; S.G. Pavlenko, N.Yu. Aledzhanov, O.V. Shcherbina // GOU VPO KSMU of Roszdrav // Patent No. 2445024 of 03.20.2012].

 A known method of stopping bleeding using hydrogels in various forms. [G.V. Kornyukov, A.V. Voronov, A.O. Potapov // DavsMU, 2002].

Perhaps the use of an ozone-air mixture to stop bleeding. [Yu.P. Kaspersky, V.A. Zhukov, A.A. Adamyan, SP. Glossy, V.A. Makarov // Institute of Surgery. A.V. Vishnevsky RAMS // Patent No. 2123849 dated 12/27/1998].

However, neither hydrogels nor ozone-air mixture are able to stop open arterial, as well as profuse venous bleeding.

Closest to the claimed is a method of stopping bleeding by applying a hemostatic tourniquet [Pat. RF №2113825 from 06.27.1996, publ. 06.27.1998].

The disadvantage of the method selected as a prototype is the time limit for applying the tourniquet (not more than 2 hours in the warm season and not more than 1 hour in the cold).

Another disadvantage of the prototype is that the use of a tourniquet is possible only when the limb is injured, while injuring the neck or trunk region, it is impossible to apply a tourniquet. The tourniquet may break, and also may not provide sufficient clamping force with a large number of clothes.

The objective of the present invention is to provide an instant stop bleeding from any vessels of the body.

The technical result of the task is achieved by the fact that in the method of stopping external bleeding, based on squeezing the damaged vessel, a hydrogel prepared in advance from sterile distilled water using a CARBOPOL ETD 2020 thickener, which allows obtaining a hydrogel viscosity of at least 100 Poise, is applied to a vacuum-forming elastic suction cup element, which is applied to the site of skin damage and fixed with a medical plaster or bandage.

The elastic element due to strong pressing to the bleeding site instantly sticks to the skin, displacing air from the contact point. The hydrogel remaining inside the elastic element prevents the blood from penetrating out of the damaged pressure vessel due to the significant viscosity of the hydrogel (100 Poise), and also prevents the subsequent diffusion of the blood stream through a thin layer of viscous and compressed hydrogel. It remains only to firmly fix the elastic element with a medical patch on the skin and, if possible, additionally fix this structure with a bandage on top.

There is no need to use specific fixation, the method allows you to hold the elastic element even with finger pressure. A reliable and long (before delivery of the victim to a stationary medical facility) sealing of the vessel is ensured, even with high pressure in the vessel.

When using this method, the presence and quantity of clothes does not significantly affect the effectiveness of stopping bleeding. For the application of the invention does not require medical skills. It is possible to use on any area of the human or animal body due to the point and reliable fixation of the elastic element with the applied hydrogel on the damaged vessel.

The method is as follows. A hydrogel is applied to the vacuum-forming element (suction cup), after which an application is made to the wound. The hydrogel is prepared in advance from sterile distilled water using any thickener such as CARBOPOL ETD 2020, CARBOPOL 940, CARBOMER, etc., which allows obtaining a hydrogel viscosity of at least 100 Poise. Then follows the fixation of the structure with a medical plaster and bandage.

Example. Affected A. 08.08.2009, damaged the carotid artery during a fall in the metro of St. Petersburg. The victim produced hemostasis using the proposed method. Sealing of the vessel was achieved, arterial bleeding stopped for 25 minutes, until the ambulance arrived. The patient was successfully delivered to the Intercession Hospital in St. Petersburg.

The preparation and application of this method of temporarily stopping external bleeding requires a minimum amount of time (seconds), which allows to reduce blood loss to the limit.

The inventive method is simple in execution and does not require special medical skills, as well as severe time restrictions, can be applied on any area of the human or animal body for vessels of any caliber. When applied, soft tissues are not damaged, reliable sealing of the damaged vessel is ensured.

Claims (1)

A method of stopping external bleeding, based on the compression of a damaged vessel, characterized in that a hydrogel prepared in advance from sterile distilled water using a thickener such as CARBOPOL ETD 2020, or CARBOPOL 940, or CARBOMER, which allows obtaining a hydrogel viscosity of at least 100 poises, is applied to a vacuum - the forming elastic element is a suction cup, which is applied to the site of skin damage and fixed with a medical plaster or bandage.