RU2709773C1 - Ploughshare disc - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to agriculture. Disc of the ploughshare consists of four flat rings connected to each other in order from the center: flat steel ring A made with possibility of its fixation on the hub. To ring A flat ring B is connected from hydrophobic strong plastic reinforced with steel rods. Latter are rigidly connected to steel ring A and next in order flat steel ring C. Last ring D is made with external cutting edge and with possibility of its fixation on ring C.

EFFECT: invention will make it possible to increase reliability of the disc, reduce time for its repair and exclude the possibility of soil sticking.

1 cl, 4 dwg

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to agricultural machinery, in particular, to double-disc coulters.

State of the art

Known double disc coulter, consisting of a leash, cast housing, two axles mounted in bearings with hubs and mounted on them at an angle to each other two flat disks with cutting edges, mounted on the hubs and placed between them a bell and a scraper. See, for example, the book of N.I. Klenin, V.A. Sakun "Agricultural and land reclamation machines" M .: Kolos, 1994, p. 223, Fig. 2. In addition, when working in soils with high and high humidity, the soil sticks to the outer surfaces of the coulter and hub discs and, as a result, the quality of sowing decreases, traction increases, and, accordingly, the consumption of fuels and lubricants increases.

Known double-disc coulter, patent of the Russian Federation No. 2166242 "Opener" comprising a housing mounted on it two flat discs at an angle to each other with cutting edges with the possibility of rotation, each of which on both sides has annular hydrophobic coatings interconnected, eliminating sticking soil on the plane of the discs when working. The disadvantage of this coulter is the complexity and high complexity of the repair, including the replacement of hydrophobic coatings when they are worn.

Disclosure of invention

The aim of the proposed invention is to increase the reliability of the coulter disk, reducing the repair time of the disk and eliminating the possibility of soil sticking to the disk.

This goal is achieved by changing the design of the disk.

Let us explain the design of the proposed disk on a real sample and its operation.

The coulter disc is made of carbon steel continuous, with a diameter of 350 mm, a thickness of 3 mm, has a circular hole in the center with a diameter of 50 mm. The edges of the disk are sharpened to the outside with a bevel width of 6-8 mm and a blade thickness of 0.1-0.5 mm. The disc is attached to the hub with rivets or bolts. The disk is mounted at angles to two vertical planes of symmetry.

During movement, the disk is deepened by about 60 mm and rolls in the soil, cutting the roots of the weeds and forming a furrow in which the seeds are placed. Moreover, as a result of soil exposure to the disk, its cutting (working) part is worn out, the diameter of the disk decreases. If the working part of the disk meets with a more dense obstacle than the soil, for example, a stone, bending of the disk or destruction of its working part can occur. The diameter reduction during disk repairs is allowed up to 326 mm, then the disk is rejected (see pierce // Iron Horse. RF / remont-pochvoobrabatyvayushnix-posevnyx-posadochyx-mashin.html). We emphasize that when a disk operates in soils with high humidity, it adheres to the surface of the disk, which entails significant negative consequences of various kinds that were noted earlier.

From the point of view of the science of strength (See, for example, Prince SP Timoshenko and S. Voinovsky-Krieger “Plates and Covers”, M. 1963, pp. 316-328), the coulter disk is a round-shaped plate fixed in the center, on which in the segment of its interaction with the soil, a certain distributed load acts. And the larger the radius of such a plate, the greater will be the displacement of the peripheral part on which the force is applied. In other words, the stiffness of the disk naturally decreases in the radial direction from the center, therefore, if we talk about an equally strong system, then the thickness of the disk to the periphery should be increased.

In the radial direction, you can define several annular parts of the disk, functionally different from each other: a Central hole;

the first annular part for mounting the disk to the hub;

the third annular part is the working one, the main element of which is a pointed edge;

the second annular part connects the first and third parts into a single system and its dimensions are determined by the required radius of the disk.

We specify what is said in numbers. The radius of the central hole is approximately 25 mm. The width (radius) of the first annular part is approximately 45 mm. The width (along the radius) of the third part is approximately 65 mm, the averaged width of the second part is approximately 45 mm, and here the sticking soil is concentrated.

Now we will present the idea of the proposed disk design taking into account the fact that initially the disk dimensions and its mass and the seeder design itself are generally subject to agrotechnical requirements and all changes in the disk design must occur within the framework of the given basic geometric and physical parameters.

It is proposed that the disk be composed of concentric flat circular parts (rings) placed in the same plane and interconnected, parts of different stiffness and structurally different.

Imagine these components, following from the center.

Ring A. Flat solid steel ring with holes.

Ring B. A ring of variable cross section (streamlined shape) made of hydrophobic wear-resistant plastic, for example, fluoroplastic reinforced with regularly placed steel elements, for example, steel rods.

Ring C. Flat steel ring with holes.

Ring D. Flat steel with holes and a cutting edge.

Rings A, B and C are rigidly interconnected by the steel component (rods) of ring B.

The holes in ring A are for attachment to the hub.

The holes in the rings C and D are consistent with each other and are designed for fastening to the ring D with rivets or bolts. It is assumed that the D-ring with cutting edge can be replaced when worn.

Given the end-to-end design of ring B and the low weight of plastic, the density of which is several times lower than the density of steel, such a disk without increasing its size and weight can be made in the marked parameters of the ring parts.

In the process of manufacturing the disk, first the steel elements A, B and C are rigidly joined in one plane (for example, by welding), the ring element D is attached to the outside element C to the outside overlap, after which the annular space B is filled with plastic.

What gives such a design? The stiffness of the interconnected rings C and D, bordering the disk increases, that is, the risk of plastic deformation of the working part is reduced. The process of replacing a worn working part - the D-ring is simplified and the time for this operation is reduced. The presence of ring B made of hydrophobic and wear-resistant plastic eliminates the adhesion of soil to the plane of the disk and reduces friction, and wear of plastic with sufficient thickness can ensure the operation of the disk throughout the life of the seeder.

Brief Description of the Drawings

In FIG. 1 shows a coulter disc in plan.

In FIG. 2 shows a diagram of the power structure of the disk.

In FIG. 3 shows a sectional diagram of a coulter disc.

In FIG. 4 shows the fastening of a ring with an outer cutting edge.

The implementation of the invention

The coulter disk 1 consists of four interconnected flat circular rings, in order from the center: a flat steel ring A with holes 2 for fixing it to the hub, a flat ring B connected to it from a hydrophobic durable plastic 3, for example, fluoroplastic, regularly reinforced and radially spaced steel rods 4, rigidly connected by welding with a flat steel ring A and a flat steel ring C, and with a ring C lapped to the outside is connected with rivets 5 with heads so that the steel ring D with the outer cutting edge.

The disk is fixed on the hub with rivets or bolts. When the cutting edge is worn, the steel ring D is replaced.

Claims (1)

The coulter disc, characterized in that it consists of four interconnected flat rings, in order from the center: a flat steel ring A made with the possibility of fixing it on the hub, a flat ring B connected to it from a hydrophobic durable plastic reinforced with regularly placed steel elements - rods, rigidly connected to the steel ring A and the next in order flat steel ring C, and the last flat ring D is made with an outer cutting edge and with the possibility of mutual closure heating ring C.

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