RU2709737C1 - Biologically active organo-mineral complex and a method for production thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the agriculture. Biologically active organo-mineral complex is made of a humate-containing substance – peat and contains elements of mineral nutrition of plants and microelements. Ammonium nitrate NH₄NO₃ is introduced into the composition of the complex as ammonium nitrate component with following ratio of components, wt %: dry peat – 4.9, potassium hydroxide KOH -12.4, orthophosphoric acid H₃RO₄ – 12.4, ammonium nitrate NH₄NO₃ – 9.1, boron H₃VO₃ – 0.113 molybdenum (NH₄)₆Mo₇O₂₄ – 0.034, manganese KMnO₄ – 0.053, water H₂O – 61. Invention also relates to a method of producing a biologically active organo-mineral complex. Cavitational dispersion of ground peat is carried out with water at a ratio of peat: water equal to 1:10. Potassium hydroxide is added to the obtained suspension at ratio of 1:2.5, and hydrolysis of the mixture is carried out in reactor for 20 minutes with continuous mixing. Then the alkaline mixture is heated in a water bath for 1–1.5 hours at 65–80 °C and passed through a flow chamber of an ultrasonic disperser at rate of 0.3 liters per minute. After that, the hot mixture is neutralized with continuous stirring with orthophosphoric acid, diluted with water in ratio of 1:1, to pH of the mixture equal to 7.0–7.5. Ammonium nitrate is added to the mixture in amount of 9.1 %, with the ratio NH₄NO₃: dry peat equal to 1:1.9, and microelements. Mixture is filtered through polymer screens with cell diameter of 100 mcm to obtain finished product.

EFFECT: technical result is increase of crop capacity and product quality.

2 cl

Description

The invention relates to the field of agriculture, and in particular to a technology for producing organic-mineral complexes from peat and organic residues, and can be used to obtain complex fertilizers that increase crop productivity and product quality. Various types of fertilizers are known for increasing crop yields.

It is known "Organomineral fertilizer", including the organic component of brown coal, or peat, or potassium / sodium humate, a mineral component, characterized in that it additionally contains a chelating agent, while the mineral component contains salts of alkaline and alkaline earth elements, and the additive contains metallurgical slag in the following ratio of components, wt.%:

- organic component 35.0-50.0 - chelating agent 0.1-10.0 - metallurgical slag 15.0-40.0 - alkaline salts and alkaline earth elements 15.0-40.0

RF patent for the invention No. 2598632, MKI: C05F 11/02; D. publ. 2015.03.23.

The well-known "Method for producing a complex organomineral additive based on potassium humate, a method for producing a complex organo-mineral fertilizer based on potassium humate and poultry manure, a method of enriching animal feed with a complex organo-mineral additive based on potassium humate, a method of desoldering using a complex organomineral additive on based on potassium humate, comprising mixing peat, water and potassium hydroxide, characterized in that the mixing is carried out with water at a temperature of 30-41 ° C, followed by They thoroughly carry out air bubbling of the resulting mixture with its subsequent grinding, exposure to ultraviolet light and vacuum. RF patent for the invention No. 2637126, MKI: C05F 11/02; D. publ. 2017.11.30.

The closest analogue to the invention is “Organo-mineral complex fertilizer and method for its production”

“An organo-mineral complex fertilizer contains peat, mineral components and micronutrients as a humate-containing substance, and the nitrogen-ammonia component in the form of urea and water treated with UV radiation are introduced into the complex in the following ratio: weight%

Peat 5.1 Potassium hydroxide KOH 11.40 Urea CO (NH ₂ ) ₂ 7.6 Phosphoric acid N ₃ PO ₄ 12.6 Water H ₂ O 633

while the fertilizer is characterized by the following content of elements, wt.%

Nitrogen N 9-14 potassium oxide K ₂ O 23-29 Phosphoric Anhydride P ₂ O ₅ 23-25 Organic matter 32-45 in which the content of potassium humates 9-12

2. A method of producing an organo-mineral complex fertilizer by cavitational dispersion of humate-containing substances by ultrasonic irradiation, followed by treatment with phosphoric acid, followed by mixing the resulting solution with alkali, and subsequently introducing micronutrients into the obtained liquid humic fertilizer, while the water is pre-treated UV radiation, then cavitation dispersion of ground peat with this water is carried out, with a ratio of peat: water, ra nom 1.6: 20, while potassium hydroxide is added to the resulting suspension in the ratio 1: 1, and the hydrolysis of the mixture is carried out in the reactor for 10 minutes by mixing and simultaneously processing it in a magnetic field with a magnetic energy of 300 kJ / m3 created with using magnets made of neodymium-iron-barium alloy, then the mixture, pre-treated for 2-3 minutes with ultrasonic radiation, is neutralized with 100% phosphoric acid N ₃ PO ₄ in the amount necessary to achieve a solution of pH = 7-7.5, including same reactor is introduced into a mixture of urea CO (NH _{2) 2,} When the ratio of urea: A mixture of equal to 1:12, then the solids are separated by centrifuge, and the resulting product was again fed to the reactor, wherein the second magnetic field is treated ..

RF patent for the invention No. 2490241, IPC: C05F 11/02, D. publ. 2013.08.20.

The technical result includes increasing the effectiveness of the biologically active organo-mineral complex “HUMITON on crop productivity by producing a complex with a highly and balanced content of water-soluble potassium humates and elements of plant mineral nutrition. In addition, the biologically active organo-mineral complex “Gumiton” effectively activates biochemical processes in plants, stimulates the improvement of their immunity, significantly increases the possibility of root and non-root nutrition of plants, resulting in significantly increased crop yields and product quality.

The technical result is achieved due to the fact that: 1. A biologically active organo-mineral complex is made of a humate-containing substance - peat, and contains elements of plant mineral nutrition and trace elements. Moreover, ammonium nitrate (NH ₄ NO ₃ ) is introduced into the complex as a nitrogen-ammonia component in the following ratio of components: weight%

Peat (dry) 4.9 Potassium Hydroxide (KOH) 12,4 Phosphoric acid (H ₃ PO ₄ ) 12,4 Ammonium Nitrate (NH ₄ NO ₃ ) 9.1 Boron (H ₃ BO ₃ ) 0.113 Molybdenum ((NH ₄ ) ₆ Mo ₇ O ₂₄ ) 0,034 Manganese (KMnO ₄ ) 0,053 Water (H ₂ O) 61,

while the fertilizer obtained is characterized by the following content of elements: wt.%

Nitrogen N 12.0 Potassium K ₂ O 30.3 Phosphorus P ₂ O ₅ 23.0 Organic matter 20.1 including water soluble humates Bor B 0.268 Molybdenum Mo 0,098 Manganese Mn 0.134 Ash residue containing 14.1 oxides and salts of Ca; Mg; Fe ..

2. A method of obtaining a biologically active organo-mineral complex by cavitational dispersion of humate-containing substances with further treatment with phosphoric acid, followed by mixing the resulting solution with alkali, and subsequently introducing plant mineral nutrition elements into the resulting complex. At the same time, cavitation dispersion of ground peat is carried out with water, with a ratio of peat: water equal to 1:10. In this case, potassium hydroxide is added to the resulting suspension in a ratio of 1: 2.5, and the hydrolysis of the mixture is carried out in the reactor for 20 minutes with continuous mixing. Then the alkaline mixture is heated in a water bath for 1-1.5 hours at 65-80 ° C and passed through the flow chamber of an ultrasonic disperser at a rate of 0.3 liters per minute. After that, the hot mixture is neutralized with continuous stirring with phosphoric acid N ₃ PO ₄ diluted with water in a ratio of 1: 1 to a pH of 7.0-7.5. Then, ammonium nitrate (NH ₄ NO ₃ ) is introduced into the mixture in an amount of 9.1%, with a ratio of (NH ₄ NO ₃ ): dry peat equal to 1: 1.9, and trace elements: boron in the form of H ₃ BO ₃ , molybdenum in the form of NH ₄ ) ₆ Mo ₇ O ₂₄ and manganese in the form of KMnO ₄ . Finally, the mixture is filtered through polymer sieves with a mesh diameter of 100 μm to obtain the finished product.

Examples of specific production of biologically active organo-mineral complex, the implementation of the method of its production.

The method of obtaining the biologically active organo-mineral complex "HUMITON" is based on the phased, deep decomposition of the humate-containing material (peat) and the synthesis of new active compounds of a humate nature. The fundamental role in this process belongs to peat. It must meet the following characteristics:

1. Type of peat - lowland

2. pH - 4.0-6.5

3. The degree of decomposition of organic material - more than 50%

4. Ash content 10-14.1%

5. The content of organic compounds is more than 50%

6. The content of humic substances - more than 35%

7. Clay and sand inclusions - not allowed

8. The most suitable for the represented problem are milled lowland peat.

The technological process of obtaining a biologically active organo-mineral complex GUMITON:

1. Laboratory moisture meter determines the moisture content of peat, to adjust its relationship with water.

2. On a technical electronic balance, all components are weighed (peat, water, potassium hydroxide, phosphoric acid, ammonium nitrate, trace elements salts).

3. The feedstock (peat) is placed in a water-peat grinder, poured with water in a ratio of 1:10 and processed for 20 minutes at 2700-3000 rpm. chopping shaft with an impeller.

4. Filtering the resulting suspension through sieves (metal, plastic) with a cell diameter of 1.5-2.0 mm., (In order to free from large plant debris).

5. When potassium hydroxide is introduced into the peat-water suspension in a ratio of 1: 2.5 of the amount of dry peat (12.4%), its concentration in the solution reaches 25-30%. Due to the exothermic reaction of dissolution of potassium hydroxide in water, the temperature of the suspension rises to 65-80 ° C.

6. After complete dissolution of KOH, which takes 15-20 minutes, the hot alkaline suspension is pumped into an stainless steel alkaline mixer, where it is processed for 20 minutes at 2700-3000 rpm.

7. After the alkaline mixer, the suspension is filtered through a stainless steel sieve (1.0 mm) into a stainless steel container, which is placed in a water bath where it is heated for 1.0-1.5 hours.

8. The heated alkaline suspension is passed through a peristaltic pump through the flow chamber of the UZG6-4 / 22 (18) Ultrasonic Dispersant at a rate of 0.3 liters per minute, which corresponds to a 10 minute treatment of a volume unit.

9. The ultrasound-treated alkaline suspension is placed in a stainless steel container in which neutralization with diluted water in a 1: 1 ratio is carried out with phosphoric acid, with vigorous stirring with a special submersible low-speed mixer.

The pH of the neutralized suspension should not be lower than 7.0-7.5.

Even a temporary, local, decrease in pH below 6.0 is unacceptable. In this case, coagulation of high molecular forms of humic acids and bases occurs, their solubility in water sharply decreases and practically does not recover with a further increase in pH. The content of water-soluble humates is a leading indicator in assessing the quality of humic preparations; in this regard, the process of neutralization should be treated with special attention.

10. After neutralization, nitrogen is introduced into the hot suspension in the form of ammonium nitrate (ammonium nitrate) in an amount of 9.1% (in a ratio of 1: 1.9 of the amount of dry peat);

11. Additional trace elements (B, Mo, Mn) are introduced in the form of boric acid, ammonium molybdenum, potassium permanganate, taking into account the acid-base balance of the main matrix (acidic salts are alkalized, and alkaline salts are acidified to a neutral environment)

12. After dissolution of all added substances and complete cooling of the complex, filtering is carried out through polymer sieves with a mesh diameter of 100 μm (0.1 mm), which ensures the free passage of the complex diluted with water through the nozzles of the sprayers. In the production process, due to the reagents used, the resulting biologically active organo-mineral complex GUMITON is provided with mineral elements of plant nutrition in the amount of: weight%

Nitrogen N 12.0 Potassium K ₂ O 30.3 Phosphorus P ₂ O ₅ 23.0 Organic matter incl. water soluble humates 20.1 Bor B 0.268 Molybdenum Mo 0,098 Manganese Mn 0.134 Ash residue containing 14.1 oxides and salts of Ca; Mg; Fe.

Gumiton is highly soluble in water and can be used using traditional technologies for introducing liquid agrochemicals and is compatible with most industrially used fertilizers and plant protection products.

Therefore, the biologically active organic-mineral complex "Humiton", and the method for its preparation, proposed as an invention, allows to obtain a complex that, due to the high, balanced content of water-soluble humates of potassium and elements of the plant’s mineral nutrition, is also increased in compared with analogues, availability for plants, activates biochemical processes in plants, stimulates the improvement of their immunity, increases the efficiency of root and non-root nutrition of plants, as a result ate in significantly increased crop yields and product quality.

Claims (5)

1. A biologically active organo-mineral complex made of a humate-containing substance - peat, containing elements of plant mineral nutrition and microelements, characterized in that ammonium nitrate NH ₄ NO ₃ is introduced into the complex as a nitrogen-ammonia component in the following ratio of components, weight .%: Dry peat 4.9 Potassium hydroxide KOH 12,4 Phosphoric acid N ₃ PO ₄ 12,4 Ammonium nitrate NH ₄ NO ₃ 9.1 Boron H ₃ VO ₃ 0.113 Molybdenum (NH ₄ ) ₆ Mo ₇ O ₂₄ 0,034 Manganese KMnO ₄ 0,053 Water H ₂ O 61, while the fertilizer is characterized by the following content of elements, wt.%: Nitrogen N 12.0 Potassium K ₂ O 30.3 Phosphorus P ₂ O ₅ 23.0 Organic matter, incl. water soluble humates 20.1 Bor B 0.268 Molybdenum Mo 0,098 Manganese Mn 0.134 Ash residue containing oxides and salts of Ca, Mg, Fe 14.1 2. A method of obtaining a biologically active organic-mineral complex by means of cavitation dispersion of humate-containing substances with further treatment with phosphoric acid, followed by mixing the resulting solution with alkali and introducing further into the resulting complex of mineral nutrition elements of plants, characterized in that cavitation dispersion of ground peat is carried out with water at the ratio of peat: water, equal to 1:10, while in the resulting suspension is added in a ratio of 1: 2.5 potassium hydroxide, and The mixture is rolled in the reactor for 20 minutes with continuous mixing, then the alkaline mixture in a water bath is heated for 1-1.5 hours at a temperature of 65-80 ° C and passed through the flow chamber of an ultrasonic disperser at a rate of 0.3 liters per minute then the hot mixture is neutralized with continuous stirring with orthophosphoric acid H ₃ PO ₄ diluted with water in a ratio of 1: 1 to a pH of 7.0-7.5, then ammonium nitrate NH ₄ NO ₃ is added to the mixture in an amount of 9 1%, at a ratio of NH ₄ NO _3: dry peat is equal to 1: 1.9, and trace elements: bo in the form of H ₃ BO _3, molybdenum in the form of (NH _{4) 6} Mo ₇ O _24, and manganese in the form of KMnO _4, the polymer mixture was filtered through a sieve with mesh diameter of 100 m to obtain the finished product.