RU2709064C1 - Modular multifunctional sawing machine - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: machine building.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to machine building, to process equipment, which can be used to produce workpieces by dividing metal into dimensions close to part dimensions. Modular sawing machine for sawing wood, metal and ceramic tiles comprises a spindle and drive module rigidly fixed on a desktop module along two base holes by means of screws, which is installed on module base by means of four rotary brackets. Work table module comprises four pins for its replacement and fixation in the working position and can be tilted and fixed in this position with a pin. Module of base is equipped with upper cover, on which is lower protection of saw tool with shaped cutout for nut spindle being channel for direction of wastes and dust. On the module of the working table of the machine there is a movable guide with manual screw drive for movement of saw material.

EFFECT: as a result, it is possible to saw different materials – wood, metal and ceramic tiles, simplified design and simplified collection of sawing wastes.

3 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to mechanical engineering, to technological equipment that can be used to produce blanks by dividing the metal into dimensions close to the dimensions of the part. Known processes that are used for this purpose in most cases: for a tree with a saw blade, band saw, jigsaw, milling cutter; for metal with an abrasive saw blade, a band saw, a jigsaw, a mill; for tiles with a ceramic diamond disc.

The invention relates to a priority area for the development of engineering and technology “Alphabetical subject index to the International Patent Classification according to priority areas for the development of science and technology. M .. patent, 2008, because it allows you to expand the technological capabilities of the saw machines, to increase their versatility and functionality.

Known machines for sawing wood, metal and ceramics of Russian and foreign manufacturers ZUBR, Belmash, BOSCH, Makita and others. The general characteristics of the machines of these companies are determined by the presence of the desktop, the installation system of the tool and its drive, protective devices, adjustments to the tilt of the desktop and guides for setting up the workpiece. All machines are equipped with safety devices: top disk protection, power is supplied from a 220 V household network, machine cases are made of insulating materials, there is an emergency shutdown button.

To determine the technical level of this equipment, general qualitative and quantitative characteristics are determined.

The disadvantages of analogues of sawing machines for wood, metal and ceramics of Russian and foreign manufacturers ZUBR, Belmash, BOSGH, Makita and others are: narrow specialization of machines, which requires an increase in their number from the requirements for processing different materials; on small machines - a limited area of desktops; additional special devices (vacuum cleaners, filters, pumps, bathtubs) are required to collect chips and dust; tool change and setting takes longer due to the lack of adjustment of the longitudinal position of the tool. In addition, machine maintenance is limited to access to the saw tool and drives. And it requires a large number of tools and the presence of additional containers for their storage.

In particular, a saw machine is known, comprising a housing, a work table with a movable plate, with a parallel stop for longitudinal sawing mounted on it and a removable guide stop for lateral and oblique sawing, a mechanism for vertical movement of the saw blade and a mechanism for tilting the blade, and a vacuum cleaner for collecting chips and wood dust (Patent RU 54554 U1, IPC В27В 5/20 (2006.01), “Sawing machine”, publ. July 10, 2006 Bull. No. 19).

The disadvantage of this machine is its narrow specialization, which consists in the possibility of sawing only wood blanks or similar materials. In addition, maintenance of the machine, for example, when the saw blade breaks down, can be difficult due to limited access to the tool and drives.

For the prototype, the design of the saw machine, published in the journal "Modeller-constructor No. 10 for 2003, p. 12", was adopted. The machine is a work table with a cutout for a saw blade, the drive is an electric motor with a speed of approximately 2900 min 1 and a power of about 1000 watts. The spindle assembly is fixed on one side to the bearing, and on the other hand to the drill chuck. The drill and bearing are mounted on two brackets with a terminal clip. A table with an electric drill spindle and other elements with the help of 4 brackets is fixed on the lower table.

Signs of an analogue that coincide with the essential features of the claimed design are:

- one spindle support in the form of a radial bearing is fixed in the bracket with its terminal clip;

- the second end of the spindle is fixed in the cartridge of an electric drill;

- the working table with a drill, spindle and other elements is fixed with screws and nuts on the lower table.

The disadvantages of the prototype are: the lack of protection of the saw blade, the technical complexity of changing the tool and installing / removing the drill, the lack of devices for collecting chips and collecting fine dust, it is difficult and unsafe to turn on the machine and disconnect from the network, low stability and rigidity of the entire table and the machine as a whole , a small desktop area, it is impossible and dangerous to use a machine for sawing metal and tiles when water is supplied to the cutting zone.

The objective of the invention is to expand the sawing functions of various materials: wood, metal and ceramics, using the appropriate tool and simplifying the collection of sawing waste and dust collection.

The task is achieved in that the machine includes a spindle and machine drive module, rigidly fixed to the machine desktop module through two base holes with screws that are installed on the machine base module with four swivel brackets, and removable collection boxes are installed under the top cover sawing and dust collection waste.

The desktop module of the machine is made with the possibility of folding and is fixed in this position by a pin, which provides access for the worker when changing tools and servicing the machine drive.

In the working position, the machine desktop module is fixed with four pins.

The exact installation of the saw Tool in the transverse direction is carried out using two brackets with a terminal clamp. Ensuring the accuracy of cutting is achieved by arranging the drive and the tool in one module, with the ability to adjust the perpendicularity of the saw blade relative to the working table of the machine due to gaskets and base holes.

The upper and lower protection of the saw blade are installed on the module at the base of the machine, and the lower protection acts as a channel for directing waste and dust. For sawing metal and tiles, drawers with the possibility of extension and removal are provided, and a lower protection for catching sparks during the processing of metal and waste when cutting ceramics. A switch is provided for turning on the drive and its emergency shutdown. Differences from the prototype prove the novelty of the claimed invention.

The saw machine is illustrated with photographs:

FIG. 1 - General view of the structures of a modular multifunction saw machine;

FIG. 2 - module base of the machine;

FIG. 3 - the module of the desktop of the machine;

FIG. 4 - Spindle and machine drive module.

The design of a modular multifunction saw machine (Fig. 1) includes three main modules: the base module of the machine 1; module of the working table of machine 2 with a set of adjustable guides for cutting; spindle and machine drive module 3.

The base module of machine 1 is shown in FIG. 2 and performs the following functions:

- Mounting and rotation of the desktop using two rotary brackets 4, and its fixation is carried out by a pin

- In the upper part there is a cover 5 for permanent and temporary storage of saw blades, tools, fixtures.

- Installation of lower protection 6 with seal.

To collect chips and dust collection, three boxes 7 are provided, equipped with handles and an end face seal, with the possibility of extension and removal. Middle compartment Has an exit window with a filter for collecting dust when sawing wood, metal, and ceramic tile.

The frame of the base module of the machine is a housing 8 of the base of the chipboard, the end wall, four transverse walls. The upper and lower covers are rigidly fixed to the frame with glue, pins and screws. The corners are pasted with textile tape. The cover 5 consists of a metal edging. On the right side wall are installed: the “on” button (closed type) and the “disconnect” button 9 (open type). Four supports are installed to the bottom of the base module of the machine for rigidly fixing the desktop.

The desktop module of machine 2 is shown in FIG. 3 and is a plate made of chipboard or reinforced ceramic in the basic configuration of the machine. Plate 10 has four support brackets 11 secured with screws and nuts. In the lower part there are holes for fastening to supporting platforms fixed on the top cover of the machine base module. To rotate the plate 10, the two rear brackets 11 are connected by two bolts with a nut and washer, and the other two brackets 11 by two axles. When translating the plate 10 into a vertical position, we fix it in this position by installing the axes on the fixing bracket 11. The upper plane of the working table performs the function of moving parts perpendicular to the plane of the saw blades. For dimensional reference of parts in the design of the machine there is a longitudinal groove 12 and a longitudinal adjustable guide bar 13. When sawing metal and ceramics, a manual screw gear is provided in the machine design 14. For protection of the worker and the setting of the saw, upper protection 15 is installed.

The spindle and drive module of machine 3 is shown in FIG. 4 and is intended for fastening the tool and drive rotation of the tool. The module consists of a support plate 16, two brackets with a terminal clamp 17, a spindle shaft 18, a bearing 19 and a clamping nut 20. The saw blade 21 is installed exactly at an angle of 90 ° ± 10 'to the plane of the plate 10 due to the selection of pads 22 and is fixed with screws 23 fixing the terminal supports 17.

The third module is fastened according to the installation groove with a depth equal to the thickness of the base plate and is fixed with screws and nuts with washers.

The operation of the saw machine is as follows. The machine performs work on sawing blanks from wood materials (Wood, chipboard, fiberboard, etc.) and plastic, metal, including non-ferrous (sheet, round, corners and profiles), ceramic tiles. For each type of material, a different tool is used: for wood circular saws, for metal abrasive cutting discs, and diamond wheels for ceramics. The sawing process is carried out in straight lines based on the guide bar 13, which moves along the longitudinal groove of the machine desktop. The supply of material such as wood and plastic is done manually using a pusher, and metal billets using a screw mechanism 14 with its fixing on the strap 13.

To replace the tool, it is necessary to bring the module of the working table of the machine 2 to the vertical position with the fixation of the axes of rotation of the table 11. Loosen the clamping nut 20 of the spindle and the drive chuck. Then loosen the terminal connection 17 on the bearing 19 and remove the spindle 18, while removing the clamping nut 20 and the saw blade 21. Installing a new tool is performed in the reverse order.

The accuracy of installing the new tool in the transverse direction and the parallel position of the saw blade relative to the guide must be made with the saw blade installed. In this case, unscrew the spindle bearing terminal and press the disk against the guide, then clamp the terminal connection.

The performance of the claimed invention is provided by laboratory tests. The tests were carried out with an installed electric drill with a power of N = 650 W and a rotation speed of n = 2900 rpm, with manual constant feed. The following sawing tool for sawing appropriate materials was adopted: a carbide-tipped saw blade with a diameter of 190 mm, an abrasive blade with a diameter of 180 mm and a thickness of 2.5 mm, a diamond blade with 140 mm diameter and a thickness of 1.6 mm. The following materials were selected for testing: a pine board with a thickness of 40 and a chipboard with a thickness of 17 mm, a pipe made of St3 square cross-section and a side size of 25 mm and a wall thickness of 1.5 mm, a corner made of St3 with a shelf height of 40 × 40 mm and a thickness of 4 mm, sheet from D16T 4 mm thick and 115 mm long, a plate from steel 65G 7 mm thick and 55 mm long, tile 7 mm thick and 96 mm long. The time and processing speed of various materials are summarized in the table.

The use of the claimed invention allows to expand the technological capabilities of modular sawing machines when sawing different materials, to create multifunctional, mobile and simple in design sawing machines that have found their application and demand both in the individual household and in industry.

Claims (3)

1. A modular saw machine for sawing wood, metal and ceramic tiles, comprising a spindle and drive module, rigidly fixed to the desktop module by two base holes with screws, which is mounted on the base module using four swivel brackets, characterized in that the module the desktop contains four pins for changing and fixing it in the working position and is made with the possibility of folding and fixing in this position with a pin, and on the desktop module there is a movable direction schaya manual screw drive to move the saw material, wherein the base module is provided with an upper cover, on which a lower protection saw tool with a profiled cut-out of the spindle nut, which channel direction of sawing waste and dust. 2. The machine according to p. 1, characterized in that the spindle and drive module is configured to install and replace the saw tool in the transverse direction using two brackets with a terminal clip. 3. The machine according to claim 1, characterized in that under the upper cover of the base module of the machine there are boxes with the possibility of extension and removal to collect sawing waste and dust.

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