RU2706589C1 - Method of cleaning hard-to-reach and swampy places from oil-containing wastes and oil product spills - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: ecology.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of open water reservoirs maintenance in proper condition and can be used for cleaning of hard-to-access places and swamps from spills of oil products, as well as for dilution of high-viscosity oil emulsions and solid oil-containing wastes and their subsequent collection. A system is used, which includes a hydraulically connected steam-mobile plant (SMP) 1, pump 2, a vacuum tank truck 3. Hot water is supplied to a water reservoir, which is contaminated with oil products, which is difficult to access or swampy, at the specified depth the contaminated surface is washed out to a certain degree of fluidity, wherein pump and device for feeding hot liquid for washing, mixing and removal of contaminants use ejector pump 2, on inlet of receiving chamber of which working agent is supplied – hot water or superheated steam with temperature of up to 100 °C / up to 300 °C under pressure of about 10 MPa, heated contaminated surface is heated by mixing with hot water, and when fluidity sufficient for pipeline transportation is reached, heated mixture of water and contaminated liquefied ground is directed to inlet of movable vacuum tank truck 3 creating additional evacuation.

EFFECT: technical result consists in simplifying the process of collecting oil contamination from the surface of swamps and hard-to-reach places, for example, solid oil-containing deposits in a deep underground reservoir / well.

1 cl, 5 dwg

Description

Technical field

The invention relates to the field of maintaining in good condition the surface of open water bodies, and can be used to clean up inaccessible places and swamps from oil spills, as well as to liquefy highly viscous oil emulsions and solid oil-containing wastes and their subsequent collection.

State of the art

A known method of cleaning swampy marshes and wetlands from oil and oil products (RF patent No. 2310038, class IPC ЕВВ 15/04, publication date 10.11.2007), including the removal of a contaminated soil and plant layer in winter with a frozen swamp. According to the invention, the bogs are pre-frozen at negative temperatures to a depth below the level of pollution by periodically cleaning it from snow, removing the contaminated layer by sawing out fragments containing a contaminated surface layer and an underlying uncontaminated layer of earth, followed by removal of fragments to the processing site. The disadvantage of this method is the possibility of using it only in the winter.

A known method of cleaning swamps from oil and oil products (RF patent No. 2620093, class IPC ЕВВ 15/04, В09С 1/00, publication date 05/05/2017), which consists in the fact that the swamp contaminated with oil and oil products, in the direction of movement of the device to collect oil and oil products, limit the length and width with the formation of a closed area. Water is supplied over the entire width of the enclosed area of the swamp to a predetermined depth. Over the entire width within a limited area, the oil-water mixture is deformed with peat and bog vegetation. The resulting oil-water mixture is squeezed across the entire width of the enclosed area of the swamp from peat and bog vegetation while heating the entire width of the enclosed area of the swamp. Carry out the accumulation of oil-water mixture in the device for collecting oil and oil products. Separation into oil and water is carried out in a device for collecting oil and oil products by sedimentation and by heating. The separated oil or oil products are pumped in a laminar mode through a pipeline to the oil reservoir. A biodegradable sorbent is applied across the entire width of the area of the swamp cleared of oil and oil products. The disadvantage of this method is its use only with insignificant deviations of the terrain of the oily liquid spill (NSF). In case of emergency oil spills, when the collection of LFW is limited due to the large elevation difference, this method is ineffective. The disadvantages include high technical and economic costs of cleaning up the area from spills.

There is a method of cleaning swamps from oil and oil products (RF patent No. 2217551, class IPC ЕВВ 15/04, publication date 27.11.2003), in which the swamp is gradually cleaned of the main and residual concentrations of oil pollution using the weather and climate factor. At the preparatory stage, the contaminated site is divided into sections by dams along which trenches are digged to collect oil or oil products. At the first stage, the main concentrations of oil pollution are collected from the surface of the swamp in the summer-autumn period by means of a buried floating scraper by its reciprocating movement using a traction mechanism from one trench to another. At the second stage, residual concentrations of oil pollution are removed from the site by washing it off with a water stream into the trench, while booms are installed across the site from one trench to another. At the third stage, the contaminated soil and plant layer is removed in the winter-spring period with a frozen swamp by means of a scraper knife mounted on runners, by its reciprocating movement from one trench to another using a traction mechanism. The disadvantage of this method is the long process of cleaning a contaminated area, depending on weather and climate conditions.

A known method of cleaning swamps from oil pollution (RF patent No. 2142533, class IPC E02 B 15/04, B09C 1/00, publication date 10/12/1999), in which the place of swamped soil contaminated with oil is first determined, the site for cleaning is localized by installing a waterproof frame with its subsequent deepening and fill the enclosed space with water. Then, mechanical removal of contaminants is carried out, and it is carried out simultaneously with the filling of the enclosed space with water immediately after the emergence of the contaminants on the surface of the water with the help of devices for collecting oil products. Filling with water is carried out by supplying water with a stream under increased pressure. Water for jet feeding is heated to 30-40 ° C. The disadvantage of this method is the impossibility of using it in hard-to-reach areas of spills of NSG.

The closest in technical essence and the achieved technical result is an installation for removing oil and oil products from a marshy water surface (RF patent No. 2123087, class IPC ЕВВ 15/10, publication date 10.12.1998), containing a gripping device, pump and electric motor, fixed on a boom extension mounted on self-propelled means of transport on swampy soil or a ship, oil and oil products collectors connected to the pump by a pipeline system. The pump is made of an open type and consists of a horizontally mounted large bevel gear oriented with the teeth down, and a driving small bevel gear enclosed in a housing and engaged with the large gear. The small gear shaft is connected through a gearbox to an electric motor. An injection nozzle connected by a pipeline system with collectors of oil and oil products is connected to the lower side of the housing of the small gear. The capturing device consists of two cones, located one below the other and oriented upwards. The disadvantage of this device is the high likelihood of contamination of bevel gears when cleaning swampy low-water areas, high energy consumption.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The technical result of the proposed method is to simplify the process of collecting oil pollution from the surface of swamps and inaccessible places, for example, solid oily deposits in a deep underground tank / well.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that to implement the method, a system is used that includes hydraulically interconnected steam-moving installation (PPU), a pump, a vacuum tank truck, while hot water is supplied to a previously fenced, contaminated with oil products, inaccessible or marshy area, washed out at a given depth contaminated surface to a certain degree of fluidity, while as a pump and a device for supplying hot liquid for erosion, mixing and removal of contamination With oil products in marshy areas and inaccessible places (deep underground tanks / wells with solid oil-bearing deposits), an ejector pump is installed at a shallow depth of contaminated marshy soil (lowlands) or solid oil-containing deposits of deep underground capacity / well, at the entrance to the receiving chamber of which a working agent is supplied - hot water or superheated steam with a temperature of up to 100 ° C / up to 300 ° C, respectively, under a pressure of about 10 MPa, the contaminated surface is heated with mixing with hot water, and when the degree of fluidity is sufficient for pipeline transportation, a hose is connected to the ejector pump diffuser, through which a heated mixture of water and contaminated liquefied soil that is sucked through the second inlet of the ejector pump is sent to the inlet of a mobile vacuum tank truck, which creates additional vacuum.

Brief Description of the Drawings

In FIG. 1 shows the layout of the device during the collection of oil spills in marshy areas. In FIG. 2 shows the layout of the device when collecting oil spills in lowland inaccessible terrain. In FIG. 3 shows the installation diagram of the ejector pump on the support frame. In FIG. 4 shows the layout of the ejector pump when cleaning hard-to-reach spots (deep underground tanks / wells from solid oily deposits). In FIG. 5 shows the layout of the support frame with an ejector pump when cleaning deep underground tanks / wells from solid oily deposits.

The implementation of the invention

A method of cleaning oilfield equipment and oil-contaminated areas from hard-to-reach viscous deposits is realized thanks to a system containing a steam-moving unit (PUF) 1, an ejector pump 2, which also functions as a supercharger, a vacuum tank truck 3 (hydraulically connected to each other (Fig. 1, 2). The ejector pump 2 includes a receiving chamber 4 (Fig. 3), the inlet 5 of which is connected to the pipeline 6 for supplying a working agent (hot water, steam) from the PUF 1. The second inlet 7 of a larger diameter of the receiving chamber 4 of the ejector pump is connected to an open through channel of the suction inlet pipe 8. The intake chamber 4 of the ejector pump 2 is hydraulically connected to the diffuser 9, connected by a pipe 10 to the entrance to the vacuum tank truck 3. To adjust the height and angle of the supply of the working agent to the surface to be cleaned, the ejector pump 2 with the pipe 6 and the inlet pipe 8 connected to it can be placed on the supporting frame 11 (Fig. 3).

When cleaning hard-to-reach and marshy places from viscous hard-to-reach deposits of oil products, the method is implemented as follows (Fig. 1, 2).

An ejector pump 2 with an attached pipe 6 and a suction inlet pipe 8 is placed on the surface of the spill or on the support frame 11 so that the pipe 8 with the open channel is at a shallow depth inside the spill and the structure is placed at the center of the spill, if possible. In the case of removing viscous deposits of hard-to-reach places, such as deep ravines, an ejector pump 2 with an attached pipe 6 and a suction inlet pipe 8 is placed on the bottom of the support frame so that the pipe 8 with an open channel is below the upper level of oil-containing liquid (NSF). The working agent in the form of hot water with a temperature of about 100 ° C under a pressure of about 10 MPa from the PUF 1 is sent through pipeline 6 to the inlet 5 of the working chamber 4 of the ejector pump 2. The working agent moves turbulently at high speed, which is why in the working chamber 4 a vacuum is created. In this case, the sediment sucked into the ejector pump 2 is heated with a stream of steam or hot water. The oil product deposits heated by the hot working agent turn into a fluid state, turn into an easily pumped mass, and then the resulting mixture is removed from the working chamber 4. When a certain degree of fluidity is reached, sufficient for pipeline transportation, the outlet of the diffuser 9 of the ejector pump 2 is connected hydraulically, by pipeline 10, with the collection capacity of the NLW or the vacuum tank truck 3, and further, the mixture of heated oil products and the swamp cover, through the pipe 8 and through the inlet pipe 7 is sucked I 4 into the receiving chamber of the ejector pump 2, and then discharged through a diffuser 9 through the hydraulic pipe 10 to the reception vacuum tanker 3. By reducing the degree of fluidity to the mixture CNM erasable portion, the conduit 10 is disconnected from the diffuser 9 by repeating the process of heating of contaminants.

A system that implements this method of cleaning is applicable for pumping out an emergency-spilled oily liquid from areas where it is difficult to drive / approach special vehicles to the accumulation of liquids, as well as when building up the intake suction hose of a vacuum vacuum tank truck developed by a vacuum unit that is insufficient to pump out due to a large difference in altitude (precipice, log), or due to the large distance (marshland, the impossibility of access).

To change the depth of selection of the NSW from the surface and the reliable placement of the device in containers, a support frame 11 with a height-adjustable base is used. Adjustment is made by fixing the movable part of the frame at the desired level of fluid withdrawal (Fig. 3).

When cleaning deep underground tanks / wells from solid oily deposits, the method is implemented as follows.

The ejector pump 2, with an attached pipe 6 and a suction inlet pipe 8, is placed inside the underground tank (Fig. 4), or on the supporting frame 11 (Fig. 5) inside the underground tank so that the pipe 8 is an open channel at a shallow depth inside the layer oily deposits. The working agent in the form of hot water with a temperature of about 100 ° C under a pressure of about 10 MPa from the PUF 1 is sent through pipeline 6 to the inlet 5 of the working chamber 4 of the ejector pump 2. Deposits of oil products heated by the hot working agent are transferred to a fluid state. Upon reaching a certain degree of fluidity, sufficient for pipeline transportation, the outlet of the diffuser 9 of the ejector pump 2 is hydraulically connected by a pipe 10 to the collection tank of the coolant or vacuum tank truck 3, and then the mixture of heated oil products through the pipe 8 and through the inlet pipe 7 is sucked into the receiving chamber 4 the ejector pump 2, after which it is carried out through the diffuser 9 through the hydraulic channel 10 up to the intake of the vacuum tank truck 3. With a decrease in the degree of fluidity of the mixture of the LBC inside a deep underground tank bone or well, the pipeline 10 is disconnected from the diffuser 9, repeating the heating process by supplying hot water or steam into the tank.

The system can also be applicable in cases where the vacuum created by the vacuum tank truck is not enough to lift a highly viscous emulsion from the depth of the underground tank, and the pressure developed by the PUF is not enough to carry the liquefied residues to the day surface. In this case, the ejector pump acts as a booster pump. The mixture of LFG is removed from the working chamber 4 and discharged through the diffuser 9 under pressure, thereby facilitating the lifting of the mixture through the hydraulic channel into the vacuum tank truck.

The system that implements this method is also applicable to remove oil-contaminated snow by melting snow mass and pumping according to the scheme "PUF - device - capacity for collection".

The liquefied residue together with the petroleum product is pumped into special containers (a vacuum tanker or a specially allocated tank) and then static sludge is produced. In the settled product, the content of water, oil and mechanical impurities is determined. Depending on their quantity, the product is delivered to one of the stages of oil preparation. The easily moving mass, consisting of water and oil products, is pumped to the field oil treatment plants (UPPN) for preparation and bringing to the appropriate quality group, water treatment is carried out at water treatment plants. The precipitate formed during the washing of the tank from the remains of viscous oil products can be represented by the inorganic part (rust, sludge, sand) and the organic part (paraffins, asphalt-resinous substances, etc.). Disposal of sludge is carried out in accordance with current legislation on the management of production and consumption waste. The presented method of cleaning swampy and inaccessible places from oil spills using an ejector pump is effectively used at LUKOIL-Perm LLC.

Claims (2)

1. A method of cleaning oil-containing wastes and oil spills from hard-to-reach and marshy places, implemented through a system including a steam-mobile installation (PPU), a vacuum tank truck and an ejector, in which steam or hot water is supplied to a previously fenced, inaccessible or marshy area under pressure, wash the contaminated surface to a small depth to a certain degree of fluidity, characterized in that as a device for washing, mixing and removing In the case of marshy areas contaminated with oil products and hard-to-reach places, an ejector pump is installed at a shallow depth of the contaminated marshy soil or lowlands, steam or hot water with a temperature of about 100 ° C, under a pressure of 10 MPa is supplied to the inlet of the receiving chamber, and the contaminated surface is heated by mixing with hot water, and when the degree of fluidity is sufficient for pipeline transportation, a hose is connected to the ejector diffuser through which the suction through Ora input ejector heated mixture of contaminated water and soil liquefaction is directed to the input of vacuum truck trailers. 2. The method of cleaning inaccessible and marshy places from oily waste and oil spills according to claim 1, characterized in that the ejector pump can be installed on a support frame.

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