RU2706431C1 - Method of angular aiming of projectile throwing device - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: aviation.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to aircraft engineering and flight safety and can be used for investigation of impact action processes during takeoff and landing on aircraft structural elements, including at entry of aircraft gas turbine engines of birds, hail and other foreign objects. For angular aiming of throwing device (1) for throwing of thrown bodies, a pair of laser pointers (10), (11) or (22), (23), which are installed mirror-to-eye relative to each other and form one common beam, are aligned with forward and back light beams. Propelling device (1) is installed with screens (4), (5), made in the form of hollow barrel with breech (2) and muzzle (3) cuts. It is adjusted so that common beam from laser pointers (10), (11) or (22), (23) passes along axis of holes in screens (4), (5) of throwing device (1). Laser indicator (10) with detachable screen (12) is fixed with the help of bracket (17) on vertical panel (8) on the side of muzzle section of hollow barrel (1). Object of test (21) with applied collision point (19) is placed between muzzle section (3) of hollow barrel (1) and panel (8) so that direct light beam falls into collision point (19), and reverse light beam falls into point Outlet (20) of thrown body on back side of test object (21). Test object (21) is fixed. Screens (4), (5) from throwing device (1) are dismantled and put in ready state for throwing of thrown body. Vertical panel (9) is installed on the side of breech block (2) of hollow barrel (1). Laser pointer (11) with detachable screen (4) is fixed on it with the help of bracket (18). At least one additional pair of laser pointers (22) and (23) is fixed on vertical panels (8) and (9). To test object (21) at least one additional collision point (19) is applied. Number of pairs of mirror-mounted laser pointers (22) and (23) is selected in accordance with the number of collision points (19) applied on test object (21). After casting, throwing device (1) is moved to new position, its setting is repeated and next cast is performed.

EFFECT: higher precision of angular aiming of throwing device and reduction of labor costs during tests of various research areas.

1 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of aircraft manufacturing and flight safety and can be used to study impact processes during take-off and landing on structural components of aircraft, including when birds, hail, and other foreign objects get into the entrance of aircraft gas-turbine engines.

To simulate the impact in flight conditions and to give the simulator a bird or object in the form of a missile body of a given speed, various devices for their implementation and test methods are used.

Known devices for simulating the entry of birds into the engine (Yu.I. Pavlov et al. "Designing test benches for aircraft engines", Moscow, Mechanical Engineering, 1979, p. 69). For casting birds at the engine entrance, the test bench is equipped with devices for dispersing carcasses of birds. Devices are made in the form of a slide or air gun. Air gun allows you to throw into the engine birds weighing up to 2 kg at speeds up to 600 km / h. The casting speed is regulated by the pressure of compressed air in the gun barrel.

A known method of aiming a throwing device for casting throwing bodies (RU 2614344, 2017) when testing aircraft for impact. The method includes a preliminary series of casting throwing bodies and determining the point of their collisions with the target. Based on the set of collision points, a center for grouping collisions is established. The adjustment of the position of the laser pointer is performed so that the light beam of the pointer hits the center of the group of collisions of bodies with the target through the holes of the inserts of the removable screens of the barrel and align the axis of the beam of the sight with the center of the group of collisions, and the position of the target is adjusted so that the center of the target coincides with the position of the center of the beam laser pointer. To control the accuracy of aiming, a series of throws of throwing bodies at the target is performed. The disadvantage of this method is the high complexity of the angular aiming throwing device, because the angle of sight to the surface of the test object must be determined using various geodetic instruments.

Closest to the proposed method is a method of angular aiming a throwing device for casting throwing bodies (RU 2614204, 2017). The method consists of two stages. At the first stage, a preliminary series of throwing throwing bodies is carried out and the point of their collisions with the target is determined, the center of the grouping of collisions is determined. The adjustment of the position of the laser pointer is performed so that the light beam of the pointer hits the center of the group of collisions of bodies with the target through the holes of the inserts of the removable shields of the barrel and the axis of the beam of sight is aligned with the center of the group of collisions, and the position of the target is adjusted so that the center of the target coincides with the position of the center of the laser beam pointer. To control the accuracy of aiming, a series of throws of throwing bodies at the target is performed. At the second stage, a vertical panel is installed in front of the muzzle of the throwing device with a second laser pointer placed on it, then the target is removed and the position of the second laser pointer is adjusted so that the axis of its beam is aligned with the axis of the laser pointer of the throwing device. After that, the test object is installed in place of the target with the collision point applied, the object is set so that the beam of the throwing device pointer hits the front impact point, and the second pointer beam coincides with the exit point of the missile body, the object is fixed and the test casts are prepared.

The disadvantage of this method is the high complexity of moving the test object in the test zone, if necessary, to conduct tests of various research areas, including the implementation of several casting missiles at several points of impact.

The technical problem solved by the claimed invention consists in eliminating the aforementioned disadvantage and in expanding the arsenal of technical means, namely, in creating a method for angular aiming of a throwing device for casting throwing bodies at several points of impact at the test object without moving it in the test zone.

The technical result provided by the invention is to realize its purpose, i.e. in creating a method for angular aiming of a throwing device for casting throwing bodies, which improves the accuracy of angular aiming of a throwing device and reduces labor costs during testing of various research areas.

The claimed technical result is achieved due to the fact that when implementing the method of angular aiming of a throwing device for casting throwing bodies, the direct and reverse light beams of a pair of laser pointers mounted mirror-image relative to each other and forming one common beam are combined, a throwing device with screens is made, made in the form hollow barrel with breech and muzzle sections, and adjust it so that the total beam from the laser pointers passed along the axis of the holes in the propellant screens construction, and the first laser pointer with a removable screen is fixed with a bracket on the first vertical panel located on the side of the muzzle of the hollow barrel, place the test object with the applied point of impact between the muzzle of the hollow barrel and the first panel so that the direct light beam hits the point collisions, and the return light beam hit the exit point of the missile body on the back of the test object, fix the test object, then dismantle the screens from the throwing device and bring it is in a state of readiness for casting a missile body. According to the invention, a second vertical panel is installed opposite the first from the side of the breech section of the hollow barrel and a second laser pointer with a removable screen is mounted on it using the bracket, at least one additional pair of laser pointers is fixed on the first and second vertical panels, and the test object is applied at least one additional point of collision, and the number of pairs of mirror mounted laser pointers is selected in accordance with the number of applied points of collision n and the test object, after casting, the throwing device is moved to a new position, its adjustment is repeated, and the next casting is performed.

These essential features provide a solution to the technical problem with the achievement of the claimed technical result, since only the totality of all actions and operations describing the invention allows to increase the accuracy of the angular aiming of the propelling device and reduce labor costs when testing various research areas.

The present invention is illustrated by a detailed description of the angular aiming method of a throwing device for casting throwing bodies and a system that implements the method, with reference to figures 1-2, where

in FIG. 1 is a diagram of an angular aiming system of a propelling device during tests with two points of impact;

in FIG. Figure 2 shows a diagram of the angular aiming system of a propelling device during tests with nine points of impact.

In FIG. 1-2 the following notation is accepted:

1 - hollow barrel throwing device;

2 - breech slice throwing device;

3 - muzzle cut throwing device;

4 - removable screen, placed on a breech slice 2 throwing device;

5 - removable screen located on the muzzle 3 of the throwing device;

6 - translucent insert with a hole in the center, placed on a removable screen 4;

7 - translucent insert with a hole in the center, placed on a removable screen 5;

8 - the first vertical panel;

9 - the second vertical panel;

10 - laser pointer mounted on a vertical panel 8;

11 - a laser pointer mounted on a vertical panel 9;

12 - removable screen of the laser pointer 10;

13 - removable screen of the laser pointer 11;

14 - translucent insert with a hole in the center, placed on a removable screen 12;

15 - translucent insert with a hole in the center, placed on a removable screen 13;

16 - high-speed camera with a viewfinder;

17 - bracket for fixing the laser pointer 10;

18 - bracket for fixing the laser pointer 11;

19 - point of impact;

20 - exit point of the missile;

21 - test object;

22 - an additional laser pointer mounted on a vertical panel 8;

23 - an additional laser pointer mounted on a vertical panel 9.

The angular aiming system of a throwing device for casting throwing bodies during impact tests contains a throwing device, which is made in the form of a hollow barrel 1 with a breech 2 and muzzle 3 sections (see Fig. 1). The throwing device is equipped with removable screens 4, 5, placed on the breech 2 and muzzle 3 sections of the barrel 1 and equipped with translucent inserts 6, 7 with holes in the center. In this case, screens 4, 5 have the ability to control and fix their position (not shown). The system comprises a first vertical panel 8 and a second vertical panel 9, on which a pair of laser pointers 10, 11 with removable screens 12, 13, equipped with translucent inserts 14, 15 with a hole in the center, and a high-speed camera 16 with a viewfinder are mirrored. Laser pointers 10, 11 are mounted on the panels 8, 9 with brackets 17, 18, and the number of pairs of mirror mounted laser pointers is selected in accordance with the number of applied points 19 collisions at the test object 21. The panels 8, 9 are made with the possibility of fixing removable screens 12, 13 of laser pointers 10, 11, respectively. High-speed camera 16 is installed from the side of the barrel 1 at an acute angle to its axis and is directed by the viewfinder to the point of impact 19, plotted on the front side of the test object 21. High-speed camera 16 with a viewfinder is configured to adjust for each point 19 of the impact.

The angular aiming method of a throwing device for casting throwing bodies is implemented as follows. Combine direct and reverse light beams of a pair of laser pointers 10, 11 mounted mirror-relative to each other on vertical panels 8, 9 and forming one common beam. Set the throwing device with screens 4, 5, made in the form of a hollow barrel 1 with breech and muzzle sections 2, 3, and adjust it so that the total beam from the laser pointers 10, 11 passes along the axis of the holes in the screens 4, 5 of the throwing device (see Fig. 1). Moreover, the first laser pointer 10 with a removable screen 12 is fixed with a bracket 17 on the first vertical panel 8 located on the side of the muzzle cut 3 of the hollow barrel 1, and the second laser pointer 11 with a removable screen 13 is fixed with a bracket 18 on the second vertical panel 9, which is installed opposite the first panel 8 from the side of the official section 2 of the hollow barrel 1. The test object 21 is placed with the impact point 19 between the muzzle section 3 of the hollow barrel 1 and the first panel 8 so that a direct light beam hits a collision point 19, and the return light beam hits the projectile exit point 20 on the rear side of the body 21, the test object.

At least one additional pair of laser pointers 22, 23 is fixed on the first and second vertical panels 8, 9, and at least one additional collision point 19 is applied to the test object 21, the number of pairs of mirrored laser pointers being selected in accordance with the number of applied collision points at facility 21 tested.

Next, the test object 21 is fixed, the screens 4, 5 are dismantled from the throwing device and put it in a state of readiness for casting a missile body. After casting, the throwing device is moved to a new position, its adjustment is repeated, and the next casting is performed.

Below is an example of the implementation of the angular aiming method of a throwing device for casting throwing bodies. As an object of 21 tests investigated the cockpit with nine plotted points 19 collisions (see Fig. 2). The tests were carried out in a cylindrical pressure chamber with an internal diameter of 5.7 m. Cabin dimensions are 3.5 × 3.5 × 3.3 m. Moving the cabin inside the pressure chamber is very time-consuming and impossible over long distances. On the cockpit, points 19 of collisions and points 20 of the exit of propelled bodies were pre-marked. On the first and second panels 8, 9, nine pairs of laser pointers were marked and installed with screens and translucent inserts with holes in the center to combine direct and reverse light rays into one common beam. The throwing device was installed so that the common beam from the laser pointers passed along the axis of the holes in the screens 4, 5 on the breech and muzzle sections 2, 3 of the hollow barrel 1. Next, the cabin was placed between the muzzle section 3 of the hollow barrel 1 and the first panel 8 so that one of the points 19 of the collision was combined with the corresponding direct beam, and the point of exit 20 of the missile was aligned with the return light beam. The cab and throwing device are fixed. Screens 4, 5 were dismantled from the throwing device and brought to a state of readiness for casting a throwing body. After casting, the throwing device was moved to a new position, its adjustment was repeated and the next cast was made. A total of nine casts were carried out.

Thus, the tests showed that the proposed method of angular aiming of a throwing device for casting throwing bodies provides a high degree of accuracy of the angular aiming of the throwing device and reducing labor costs when testing various research areas, including several casting missions of throwing bodies at several points of impact.

Claims (1)

The angular aiming method of a throwing device for casting throwing bodies, characterized in that the direct and reverse light beams of a pair of laser pointers are mounted mirror-mounted relative to each other and forming one common beam, a throwing device with screens is made, made in the form of a hollow barrel with a breech and a muzzle sections, and adjust it so that the total beam from the laser pointers passed along the axis of the holes in the screens of the propelling device, and the first laser pointer with a removable the screen is fixed with a bracket on the first vertical panel located on the side of the muzzle end of the hollow barrel, the test object is placed with a collision point between the muzzle of the hollow barrel and the first panel so that the direct light beam hits the point of impact, and the return light beam hits the exit point of the missile body on the back of the test object, fix the test object, then dismantle the screens from the throwing device and bring it into a state of readiness for casting m family, characterized in that they install a second vertical panel opposite the first from the side of the official cut of the hollow barrel and fasten the second laser pointer with a removable screen on it using the bracket, at least one additional pair of laser pointers are fixed on the first and second vertical panels, and at least one additional collision point is applied to the test object, the number of pairs of mirror mounted laser pointers being selected in accordance with the number of applied points to the collision at the site tests after the casting throwing device is moved to a new position, repeat its setting and make the next throw.

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