RU2704651C1 - Vehicle seat ventilation device and ventilation method - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: furniture industry.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to armchairs of vehicles, furniture of vehicles, furniture, medical furniture, working furniture, home soft furniture. Invention allows to prevent unpleasant sensations at prolonged stays in armchair caused by absence of skin ventilation, overheating of the body and intensive sweating due to arrangement of cyclic forced-exhaust ventilation, thus avoiding the spread of unpleasant odors and "draft effect".EFFECT: invention makes it possible to increase convenience of human accommodation.2 cl, 3 dwg

Description

1. Title of invention: “Device for ventilation of a vehicle seat and method of ventilation”.

2. Field of technology.

The invention relates to vehicle seat ventilation devices and vehicle seat ventilation methods. Also, these inventions can be used in medical furniture (chairs, beds), working furniture, household furniture.

3. The level of technology.

To date, there are known methods of ventilation of vehicle seats and devices for ventilation of vehicle seats that implement these methods, which use the following principles of operation:

1. To prevent increased sweating at the places of contact between the seat and the passenger’s body and the associated discomfort, the contact area is ventilated near the contact area of the passenger’s body and the seat by creating continuous blowing through the seat (constant supply air) with electric fans from the passenger compartment using electric fans vehicle (see www.e-lion.ru/uslugi/ventiljatsija-sidenijj-avtomobilejj-i-mototsiklov/).

Moreover, the disadvantages of such a ventilation system are:

- Creating a "draft effect" associated with local cooling of body parts by continuous air flow, which causes unpleasant sensations in the body and can even lead to illness.

- Air from the body boundary, contaminated by sweat, other gases that may be released by the body, bacteria on the body, etc., is blown further into the vehicle interior, which can cause the spread of unpleasant odors and discomfort.

2. There are also more advanced methods and devices that ventilate the contact zone and the zone near the contact between the passenger’s body and the seat by creating, with the help of controlled electric fans, continuous blowing through the seat (also constant supply air) with specially prepared (heated, dried) air taken by the fans from the vehicle ventilation system (see znanieavto.ru / komfort / ventilyaciya-sidenij-avtomobilya.html). Special algorithms for regulating the operation of fans using computerized control devices are also used to prevent local hypothermia of the body. At the same time, these ventilation systems have the following disadvantages:

- All the same, there remains the “draft effect”, since continuous local cooling of body parts remains with a constant air flow (although this effect can partially be reduced by using warmer air)

- As in the solutions from the first group, the air from the body border, contaminated by sweat vapors, other gases that may be released by the body, bacteria on the body, etc., is blown further into the vehicle’s interior, which can cause the spread of unpleasant odors and discomfort.

3. The most advanced known methods and devices include methods and devices that carry out not only the influx of freshly prepared air into the contact zone and into the area near the contact zone of the passenger’s body and chair, but also the intake of contaminated air from the body’s border into the exhaust ventilation system. (The device and methods of operation of Mercedes seats, see https://motor.ru/lab/newclass.htm, https://popmech.ru/vehicles/416372-chto-pryachetsya-v-kreslah-mercedes-benz-s-klassa ) Such methods and devices can be considered as prototypes of these inventions. They solved the problem of removing and treating contaminated air from the border of the body. However, these methods and devices have the following disadvantages:

- The “draft effect”, although less pronounced, remains, since a continuous air flow is used, only in this case, the intake air, which continuously cools the same parts of the body.

4. Disclosure of the invention.

To solve the problems associated with the spread of contaminated air in the vehicle interior and with unpleasant sensations in the body and harmful effects on the health of passengers associated with the constant local cooling of certain parts of the body by a continuous stream of air, the following solution is proposed. Harmonize the work of ventilation with the work of the passenger’s body and organize cyclic supply and exhaust ventilation of the zone of contact between the chair and the passenger’s body and the area near the passenger’s body by analogy with the exhale-inhale breathing cycle as follows:

1. The basis of the ventilation cycle is to draw in contaminated air from the contact zone between the seat and the passenger’s body and the area near the passenger’s body during the “inspiration” phase of the cycle and discharge the polluted air into the exhaust ventilation system of the vehicle, or (options) into an autonomous seat filtration system for cleaning and preparation for reuse in the supply ventilation.

2. To prevent the “draft effect”, the cycles of “inspirations” should be alternated with the cycles of “exhalations” when the cleaned and prepared (heated, dried, disinfected (options)) air returns to the zone of contact between the chair and the passenger’s body and the area near the passenger’s body.

3. To ensure the passenger’s well-being, the cycle duration should be adjusted and coordinated with the passenger’s breathing cycle using the passenger’s breathing sensor and a control device using special programs.

5. A brief description of the drawings.

The drawings are shown in FIG. 1 - FIG. 3.

In FIG. 1 shows an example of the placement of end devices for air inlet and outlet ventilation in the design of the vehicle seat.

In FIG. 2 is a diagram of a ventilation device of a vehicle seat when connected to a vehicle ventilation system.

In FIG. 3 shows a diagram of a device for supply and exhaust ventilation of a vehicle seat operating autonomously (options).

Designations:

1 - vehicle seat;

2 - terminal device for air inlet and outlet ventilation of the vehicle seat;

3 - controlled air damper;

4, 5 - controlled electric fans;

6 - control device;

7 - passenger breathing sensor built into the back of the chair;

8 - a device for filtering and preparing air, including (options):

9 - air heating device;

10 - device UV irradiation of air for disinfection;

11 - carbon filter.

6. The implementation of the invention.

As an example implementation of the invention in FIG. 1 - FIG. 3 shows the ventilation device of the vehicle seat. To ensure the supply and exhaust ventilation on the surface of the vehicle seat (Fig. 1, (1)) in contact with the passenger’s body and the surface near the passenger’s body, terminal devices for the supply and exhaust ventilation of the vehicle’s seat (Fig. 1, (2)). These devices can be of various designs, they contain specially formed ventilation ducts and ventilation grilles and are designed to collect (suck) contaminated air from the contact area of the seat and the passenger’s body and the area near the passenger’s body in the exhaust cycle and the subsequent removal of the polluted air into the ventilation system for cleaning, as well as for delivery and distribution to the contact zone of the seat and the passenger’s body and the area near the passenger’s body of purified air from the ventilation system in the inflow cycle. To this end (see the diagrams in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3), the final air inlet-outlet devices (2) are connected by air ducts to a controlled air damper with an electric actuator (3), which in position A connects the final air inlet-outlet device (2) with a controlled exhaust electric fan (5) and then with the input of the exhaust ventilation of the vehicle, or (options, see Fig. 3) the input of the filtering and air preparation device (8) of the autonomous ventilation system of the vehicle seat, and in position B connects the end input device -exit air (2) with a controlled supply air fan (4) and then with the output of the supply ventilation system of the vehicle, or (for options, see Fig. 3) the output of the air filtration and preparation device (8) of the autonomous ventilation system of the vehicle seat. To control the operation of the ventilation system, a programmable microprocessor-based digital control device (6) and a contact-type breathing sensor located in the back of the chair (7) are used. The device operates as follows:

The operation cycle of the ventilation system is set by the control device on the basis of one of the programs selected by the user (passenger), which, when manufacturing the ventilation system, is entered into the memory of the control device by the manufacturer. The general idea for the programs is to increase the comfort of staying in the vehicle seat to bring the ventilation system operation cycle closer to the breathing cycle of the person who is the user of this chair. However, in different functional and physiological states, the human breathing cycle may be different. For example, deep slow breathing in a calm state. Or more frequent rapid breathing in a state of physical activity and arousal. A calm state of meditation or sleep may suit the passenger if he wants to rest, but for the driver, a different state will obviously be suitable. Therefore, the improvement and creation of more effective work programs should be carried out, this is beyond the scope of these patent applications, here are only 2 examples of programs to explain the operation of the ventilation device of the vehicle seat and the ventilation method.

Program Example 1.

The main cycle: 8 seconds absorption, “inhalation”, 4 seconds pause (attenuation “attenuation”), 8 seconds inflow, “exhalation”, 4 seconds pause (attenuation “exhalation”). When switching from “exhalation” to “inhalation” controlled the supply electric fan (4) reduces the speed from maximum to 0 within 2 seconds, the controlled air damper (3) switches to position A, the controlled exhaust electric fan (5) increases the speed from 0 to maximum within 2 seconds, then the cycle “ inhalation ”, controlled by an exhaust electric fan (5) work at maximum speed until the end of the “inhale” cycle, then the transition from “inhale” to “exhale” begins, within 2 seconds the controlled exhaust electric fan (5) reduces the speed from maximum to 0, the controlled air damper (3) switches to position B, the controlled supply electric fan (4) within 2 seconds increases the speed from 0 to maximum, the transition from "inhalation" to "exhalation" is completed. Then the “exhale” cycle begins, the controlled supply electric fan (4) continues to operate at maximum speed until the end of the “exhale” cycle. Then the transition from “exhalation” to “inhalation” begins again, the cycle repeats. The respiratory sensor (7) measures the passenger’s breathing rhythm and, according to the sensor information (7), a computerized control device (6) adjusts the ventilation cycle, changing the rhythm and intensity of “inspiration-expiration” within + -50%, striving to ensure that the ventilation rhythm approaching the rhythm of breathing, but was slightly slower, delayed by about 0.25 seconds, or, with fast breathing of the passenger, the ventilation rhythm approached the rhythm, a multiple of the rhythm of breathing of the passenger and was delayed by about 0.25 seconds. The purpose of this adjustment program is to coordinate with the passenger’s body and create calm comfortable conditions for the passenger through coordinating the rhythm of the ventilation and breathing system of the passenger.

Program Example 2.

The main cycle: 4 seconds suction, “inhalation”, 2 seconds pause (attenuation “attenuation”), 4 seconds inflow, “exhalation”, 2 seconds pause (attenuation “exhalation”). During the transition from “exhalation” to “inhalation” controlled the supply electric fan (4) reduces the speed from maximum to 0 within 2 seconds, the controlled air damper (3) switches to position A, the controlled exhaust electric fan (5) increases the speed from 0 to maximum within 2 seconds, then the cycle “ inhalation ”, controlled exhaust electric fan (5) continued it works at maximum speed until the end of the “inhale” cycle, then the transition from “inhale” to “exhale” begins, within 2 seconds the controlled exhaust electric fan (5) reduces the speed from maximum to 0, the controlled air damper (3) switches to position B, the controlled supply electric fan (4) increases the speed from 0 to maximum within 2 seconds, the transition from “inhalation” to “exhalation” is completed. Then the “exhale” cycle begins, the controlled supply electric fan (4) continues to operate at maximum speed until the end of the “exhale” cycle. Then the transition from “exhalation” to “inhalation” begins again, the cycle repeats. The respiratory sensor (7) measures the breathing rhythm of the driver and, according to the information of the respiratory sensor (7), a computerized control device (6) adjusts the ventilation cycle, changing the rhythm and intensity of “inspiration-expiration” within + -50%, striving to ensure that the rhythm ventilation was approaching the rhythm of breathing, but was a little faster, ahead of about 0.25 seconds, or, with fast breathing of the driver, the ventilation rhythm was approaching the rhythm of the breath of the driver and ahead of it by about 0.25 seconds. The purpose of this adjustment program is to coordinate with the driver’s body and coordinate the driver’s body and create comfortable conditions for the driver to work best through the coordination of the rhythm of the ventilation and breathing system of the driver.

Thus, using this device of supply and exhaust ventilation of the vehicle seat and this method of supply and exhaust ventilation of the vehicle seat, the technical result is achieved: polluted air from the contact area of the seat and the passenger’s body and the area near the passenger’s body is discharged into the ventilation system and is cleaned, at the same time, due to the alternation of extraction and inflow cycles, the effect of constant local cooling of the body by the air flow as in a draft is prevented. To increase the comfort of a passenger (or a driver, or an operator - users of a vehicle seat), the device can operate according to programs that coordinate the device’s operating cycle with the user's breathing cycle and, through coordination, can provide a corrective (improving) effect on the user's well-being.

Claims (2)

1. The device of supply and exhaust ventilation of the vehicle seat, connected to the vehicle ventilation system or including an air filtration device and having the ability to work autonomously from the vehicle ventilation system, containing air intake and exhaust end devices in the vicinity of the seat and body contact of the passenger zones, air ducts, controlled electric fans, controlled air dampers, breathing sensor, control device, characterized in that for Passenger comfort sheniya capable of producing ventilation of the contact area and the passenger seat of the body and the body zone near the passenger in a cyclic mode "inhale-exhale", whose frequency is given by the control device with the passenger breathing rhythm. 2. The method of supply and exhaust ventilation of the vehicle seat, which consists in the fact that the supply and exhaust ventilation of the contact zone of the seat and the passenger’s body and the area near the passenger’s body is performed in a cyclic “exhale-inhale” mode, the frequency of which is set by the control device taking into account the breathing rhythm the passenger.

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