RU2704647C1 - Car crew serviceability monitoring system for special cargoes transportation - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: vehicle equipment and accessories.

SUBSTANCE: invention discloses a system for monitoring the working capacity of a vehicle crew for carrying special cargo. Performance monitoring system comprises driver stimulus (1) and determination of its response, driver wake-up device (2) and vehicle forced stop unit (3), device for stimulus supply to a senior machine and determination of its reaction (4), device for awakening of senior machine (5), monitor (7), alarm unit (6), timer (8), documentation unit (4), two AND units, two OR units and NOT unit. Vehicle crew performance control system is designed so that in case of driver or senior machine falling asleep or driver and senior machine simultaneously falling, car operation is forced to stop with alarm signaling. In the latter case (simultaneous falling asleep), forced stop occurs faster.

EFFECT: higher probability of accident-free transportation of special cargoes, documentation of psychoemotional state of vehicle crew.

1 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to vehicles used for the transport of special cargoes, and can be used to create vehicles designed for this purpose. EFFECT: increased probability of accident-free transportation of special cargoes and documentation of the psycho-emotional state of the car crew.

Given the possibility of environmentally hazardous consequences of an accident in a car carrying a special cargo, such cargo is transported in specially adapted vehicles as part of convoys. Moreover, the control of each car with cargo is carried out by almost two persons: the driver and the senior car located in the car’s cabin, whose duties during the movement include monitoring the traffic situation and the readings of all control devices, preventing sudden braking and sharp turns, warning the driver before overcoming dangerous places of roads, etc. [cm. Instructions for the transport of special goods, M., Military Publishing House, 1989, p. 41]. Such control of the movement of the car in a convoy largely determines the probability of accident-free transportation of special cargoes. In these conditions, determining the level of wakefulness of the driver and the older car, their attention, which characterizes professional activity, acquires special significance. This requires the development of methods and devices for hardware control with the definition of an unacceptable physical and / or mental state of the driver and the senior car. However, methods for maintaining the operability of a vehicle driver and systems for their implementation are known and widely used in rail, road and air transport. They are based on the monitoring of wakefulness by heart rate, brain and muscle activity, as well as other physiological functions by introducing "feedback". Feedback turns these devices into devices that support performance. Inventions of this kind include operator operability monitoring devices containing a sensor device, the principle of which is based on measuring the distributed pressure force of the operator’s body on a seat-chair, and a threshold device that records the deviation of indicators from their limit values as applied to a particular driver [see Patent RU No. 2197177 “Method for preventing the operator from falling asleep and a device for preventing the operator from falling asleep”, IPC: А61В 5/1]. The disadvantage of this technical solution in relation to the driver of a car with a special load is a false positive when traveling on dirt bumpy roads, which most often have to travel such a convoy.

A known system for ensuring the health of the driver with force sensors mounted in the steering wheel. The process of falling asleep is characterized by a weakening of physical activity, and when the driver falls asleep, his hands weaken. This triggers an automatic wake-up system: a stream of aromatic substance is directed into the driver’s face [see U.S. Patent No. 2199060, YOUNG, 340-279, 1940). Currently, when cars are equipped with power steering, the driver drives the car without undue strain on the arm muscles, and information from sensors mounted in the steering wheel becomes biased. In addition, this method of ensuring operability is applicable only to the driver, and not to the senior car, whose motor output (response to receiving information, manifested by the movement of arms, legs, body position) is not associated with significant muscular tension and which is most likely to fall asleep. If the driver is given time to rest before the flight, and he is undergoing a medical examination, then the senior car can perform various tasks aimed at ensuring the readiness of the convoy for the flight (loading and securing products, documenting work, etc.).

Known methods of stimulation, tracking and monitoring the health of the driver of a vehicle by evaluating the reaction of the subject [see Patent RU No. 207246 "Method of stimulation, tracking and monitoring the health of the driver of a vehicle", IPC: B60K 28/02]. The proposed method differs from the known ones in that it provides for two-stage driver stimulation. The first stage is designed for a slight decrease in performance, and the second - for a significant decrease. At the same time, two-stage tracking and control of the reaction time of the driver are performed. If the reaction time of the driver exceeds the permissible values of the first stage, the stimulation of the second stage is turned on, and when the reaction time of the driver exceeds the permissible values of the second stage, a signal is issued to force the vehicle to stop. This method allows for a long and effective maintenance of the driver’s health and gives a signal to force the vehicle to stop only if the driver’s health is critically reduced. Irritation for checking attention by the proposed method is addressed to that analyzer, whose role in the driver’s activity is primary, in particular, stimulate the visual analyzer. The disadvantage of this methods of stimulation, tracking and monitoring of health is that the information sensors state of the driver are placed on the wrist and finger of the driver. However, as a result of extensive experiments, it was found that in some people the signal on the wrist spontaneously disappears. Hence the possibility of issuing false alarms of the device in which the specified method will be implemented. In addition, the method is applied only to the driver, and not to the senior car, in the activity of which the analyzer, to which irritation is addressed to check attention, differs from the driver analyzer. Since the driver and the senior car are people, as a rule, of different age categories, the time of their reactions varies. The disadvantage is the forced stop of the car when driving in a convoy without warning other participants in the movement. This can lead to collision of vehicles with damage to explosive special cargo.

Known methods and devices to prevent falling asleep of the driver, including, including, and system of awakening [see RF patent No. 2511186 "A method for preventing the driver from falling asleep and a device for its implementation", IPC: B60K 28/06]. In this decision, the moment the driver falls asleep is determined based on the fixation of the steering angle. (In the process of falling asleep, the steering angles of the steering wheel while the driver keeps the car moving in a straight line become smaller and smaller). With regard to cars carrying special cargoes, this decision does not eliminate the disadvantages associated with the lack of a system to prevent falling asleep of the older car and forcing the car to stop without warning other traffic participants.

Known methods and devices for monitoring the driver’s vigilance, providing for the supply of a stimulus and determining the response of the operator. Based on the reaction time, an alarm is triggered or a vehicle is forced to stop. On locomotives, such a solution uses the “vigilance handle” (LS Nersesyan, Psychological Aspects of Improving Reliability of Control of Moving Objects, ed. Promedek, M., 1992, p. 125). The driver’s vigilance monitor is built on this principle [see Patent RU No. 2111134 "A method for maintaining the health of a vehicle driver and a system for its implementation", IPC: B60K 28/06]. In this case, the reaction time is compared with the standard taking into account the daily cycle of activity and the particular characteristics of the driver, and in this sense the system is interactive. The stimulus is given in the form of an audio signal and the adequacy of the driver’s reaction to the semantic content of the stimulus is analyzed under conditions of a decrease in the level of wakefulness, for which a sound stimulus is formed in the form of at least one speech question (command) to the driver for an actively conscious action. As a response, the driver’s voice message is recorded in response to a question (command) and (or) the fact that the above action has been performed. Next, the contents of the question (command) and the speech message or the performed action are compared and their correspondence. The degree of compliance is taken as a performance criterion. The system includes processor-controlled blocks for generating stimuli and commands, analyzing the driver’s response to speech stimuli, including speech recognition and a block for analyzing the correspondence of the stimulus and reaction. The response of the driver is recorded using a sensor. The entire system is controlled by the processor. The invention according to Patent RU No. 2111134 "A method for maintaining the health of a vehicle driver and a system for its implementation", IPC: B60K 28/06] can be adopted as a prototype.

The advantage of the prototype solution is the absence of devices on the driver’s body that interfere with driving, as well as the interactivity of the system and the driver’s response to the stimulus, which does not affect its motor output and, therefore, does not interfere with driving. However, its disadvantage is that this device still does not control the performance of the older machine and does not have information communication with other traffic participants in the convoy. This leads to a decrease in the probability of accident-free transport of special goods.

The objective of the claimed invention is to eliminate the noted drawbacks, namely, increasing the likelihood of accident-free transportation of special cargoes and documenting the psycho-emotional state of the car crew.

The technical result is achieved by the inclusion of new blocks and a different connection between the blocks in the monitoring system of the vehicle crew for transporting special cargoes, including a driver stimulus supply device and determining its response, a driver awakening device and a vehicle forced stop unit, which are additionally introduced into it stimulus supply device for a senior car and determining its reaction, wake up device of a senior car, monitor, alarm unit, timer, bl documentation, two AND blocks, two OR blocks, and a NOT block, moreover, the timer is made with two inputs with the possibility of changing its response time for each input, the stimulus supply device for the senior machine and determining its reaction is made in the form of a safety handle and is located outside the driver’s working area, the documenting unit is made with two inputs with the possibility of recording the times of arrival of signals to the inputs and their duration, while the output of the stimulus supply device to the older machine and determining its reaction with is single with the input of the forced stop unit of the vehicle through the wake-up device of the older car, a timer and the first OR block, the second input of which is connected to the output of the driver stimulus supply device and determine its reaction through the driver’s awakening device and the second block And, the second timer input is connected to the output of the wake-up device the senior car through the block NOT and the first block AND, the second input of which is connected to the output of the driver’s awakening device, the input of the alarm unit is connected to the output of the wake-up device the senior machine through the second OR block, the second input of which is connected to the output of the driver’s awakening device, the output of the stimulus supply device to the senior machine and its response is connected to the input of the documenting unit, the second input of which is connected to the output of the driver stimulus supply device and determine its reaction and the input of the monitor located in the working area of the senior machine.

The idea of the proposed technical solution is to place an additional device for monitoring its operability in the working area of the older machine. Moreover, this additional device has significant differences from the driver control device, determined by the difference in the functions of the driver and the older car, as well as the need to eliminate possible interference with the driver. Given the different consequences of falling asleep to the driver and falling asleep of older cars, the time for bringing them into a state of awake and signaling for a forced stop of the car was chosen different. The moments of falling asleep and the duration of sleep of the driver and the senior car are recorded and stored in the documenting unit.

Consider the significance of the distinguishing features.

The introduction of stimulus supply devices for a senior car and determining its reaction and awakening of a senior car, a monitor, an alarm block, a timer, two AND blocks, two OR blocks, and a NOT block with their connections to other devices in the vehicle crew health monitoring system for transporting special cargoes is new solution. It allows you to monitor the performance of the older car, without creating interference with the driver.

The introduction of an alarm unit with its connections to other devices is a new solution. It allows you to warn the rest of the traffic participants in the convoy, and first of all the driver of the car driving behind, about the possibility of a collision of cars during the forced stop of one of them.

Running a timer with two inputs with the ability to change its response time for each input is a new solution. It allows you to take into account the difference in the consequences of accidents caused by falling asleep of the driver and / or senior car, as well as take into account the specific traffic situation in the area of the convoy.

The implementation of the stimulus supply device to the older machine and determining its reaction in the form of a safety handle, and placing it outside the driver’s working area, is a new solution. It eliminates the interference with the driver during the operation of this device, and also eliminates the possibility of sleep of the older car.

The introduction of the documentation unit is a new solution for vehicles carrying special loads. It allows you to evaluate the fatigue of the driver and the older car, depending on the duration of the trip and road conditions (based on an analysis of the times of falling asleep counted from the moment the vehicle starts moving along the route).

The essence of the proposed technical solution is illustrated by the drawing, which shows a block diagram of the proposed system for monitoring the health of the crew of the car for the transportation of special goods.

The system for monitoring the operability of a car crew for transporting special cargo includes:

1 - a device for supplying a stimulus to a driver and determining his reaction.

2 - driver awakening device. In the proposed solution, the driver’s awakening device is rational to perform, similarly to how the aircraft stall warning device is made, comprising a steering wheel shaking mechanism with a light and sound signal [see pandia.ru> text / 78/243 / 11748-4.php].

3 - block forced stop of the car.

Devices 1 ... 3 contain a prototype. In addition to them, new blocks were introduced or the design of the prototype solution blocks was changed.

4 - a device for supplying a stimulus to a senior machine and determining its reaction. It is made in the form of a safety handle widespread on locomotives [see yandex.ru/images> safety handle on locomotives]. In the proposed solution, the stimulus is applied at random times in the form of a quiet one-dimensional sound and dim light signals on the safety handle. Since the safety handle is located outside the driver’s working area, this form of incentive does not interfere with its operation.

5 - device waking up the older machine. In the proposed solution, the operation of this device is to change the dimensionality of the signals of the device 4.

6 - alarm block. It is a device for simultaneously activating the brake light of a car, side lights and horn.

7 - monitor. It is a display, on the screen of which a visual code displays information about the driver’s performance (stimulus delivery, driver response parameters, etc.). The monitor allows the senior car to objectively evaluate the performance of the driver. If the transportation of special cargo is carried out by a car of the type MAZ-543 "Hurricane", then the senior car, located in a separate cabin, can only make such an assessment using a monitor.

8 - timer. It is made with two inputs, allowing you to generate a signal at its output after a different time interval, depending on which input the outputs of the wake-up devices of the driver 2 or the older machine 5 are connected to.

9 and 10, respectively, the first and second blocks And,

11 and 12, respectively, the first and second blocks OR,

13 - block NOT

14 - documenting unit. Its execution is similar to the execution of the memory block of a cell phone, in which the time of calls and their duration are “remembered”.

The system for monitoring the health of the crew of a car for the transport of special goods works as follows.

In the initial state, when the driver and the senior car are awake, there are no signals at the outputs of the driver stimulus supply device and determining its reaction 1 and the stimulus supply device of the senior machine and determining its reaction 4. Therefore, there are no signals at the inputs of all other devices and units except the first input the first block And 9. At the same time, the monitor 7 displays information about the health of the driver and the senior car. If the driver fell asleep, then at the output of the driver stimulus supply device and determining its reaction 1, a signal appears that goes to the input of the monitor 7, to the second input of the documenting unit 14 and the input of the driver’s awakening device 2. Information corresponding to the fact that the driver falls asleep appears on the monitor 7, and a signal appears at the output of driver awakening device 2. If the senior cars are awake at the same time, the signal from the output of the driver’s awakening device 2 goes to the input of the alarm block 6 through the second input of the second block OR 12 and to the second input of the timer 8 through the second input of the first block And 9, at the first input of which the signal is present. In this case, the car alarm is turned on and timer 8 starts to count the driver’s sleep time. If the driver does not wake up in a relatively short time (the signal does not disappear at the output of the driver stimulus supply device and determines its reaction 1), then a signal appears at the output of timer 8, which, through the first input of the first block OR 11, enters the forced stop unit 3 The car stops.

If the senior of the car fell asleep, and the driver is awake at the same time, a signal appears at the output of the wake-up device of the senior machine 5, which is fed to the input of the documenting unit 14, as well as to the input of the alarm block 6 through the first input of the second block OR 12 and the first input of the timer 8, at the second input of which there is no signal due to the absence of a signal at both inputs of the first block And 9. At the same time, the car's alarm system is turned on and timer 8 starts to count the sleep time of the older car. If the elder car does not wake up for a relatively long time (does not turn off the signal at the output of the wake-up device of the older car 5), then the output of timer 8 displays a signal that, through the first input of the first block OR 11, enters the forced stop unit of the car 3. The car stops .

In the case when the senior car fell asleep and the driver fell asleep in a short time, there will be signals at the first and second inputs of the second block And 10, and the signal from its output through the second input of the first block OR 11 will go to the input of the forced stop unit 3 earlier, than the signal received through the first input of the first block OR 11.

When the driver or the senior machine wakes up earlier than the corresponding time samples by the timer 8, the signal also disappears at the corresponding input of the timer 8, and the timer 8 is brought back to the initial state of readiness for the next time reference before operation.

Thus, based on the analysis of the structure and functioning of the scheme of the proposed technical solution, we can conclude that the system for monitoring the operability of the car crew for transporting special cargoes has the advantages that meet the task - increasing the likelihood of accident-free transportation of special cargoes and documenting the psycho-emotional state of the car crew.

Claims (1)

A system for monitoring the operability of a car crew for transporting special cargoes, including a driver stimulus supply device and determining its reaction, a driver wake-up device and a vehicle forced stop unit, characterized in that an additional stimulus supply device for a senior vehicle and determining its reaction, a senior wake-up device, is additionally introduced into it machines, monitor, alarm block, timer, documentation block, two AND blocks, two OR blocks and NOT block, and the timer is made with two inputs and with the possibility of changing the response time for each input, the stimulus supply device for the older machine and determining its response is made in the form of a safety handle and placed outside the driver’s working area, the documentation unit is made with two inputs with the possibility of recording the time of arrival of signals to the inputs and their duration wherein the output of the stimulus supply device to the senior machine and determining its reaction is connected to the input of the forced stop unit through the device the machine, the timer and the first OR block, the second input of which is connected to the output of the driver stimulus supply device and determining its reaction through the driver’s awakening device and the second block And, the second timer input is connected to the output of the older machine’s awakening device through the NOT block and the first block And, the second input of which is connected to the output of the driver’s awakening device, the input of the alarm unit is connected to the output of the wake-up device of the senior machine through the second OR block, the second input of which is connected to the output of the device To wake up the driver, the output of the stimulus supply device to the senior machine and determine its reaction is connected to the input of the documentation unit, the second input of which is connected to the output of the stimulus supply device to the driver and determine its reaction and to the input of the monitor located in the working area of the senior machine.

Images