RU2703325C1 - Integrated system for remote training in aircraft piloting, complex tests and video conferencing - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: aviation.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to aviation simulator design and can be used for training in piloting aircraft, training flight crews and complex tests. Integral system for remote training in aircraft piloting, complex testing and video conferencing includes a unit of servers having specialized software, an interactive unit, an information unit and connected to them by means of communication channels a unit of flight simulators, a flight simulator unit, a dispatcher unit, a user unit and a unit of listeners. At the same time units of flight simulators and flight simulators include groups of air trainers and flight simulators. All units are combined by means of communication channels. In group flight simulators additionally unit of overload generation is used.EFFECT: higher level of training.10 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to aircraft simulator and can be used to teach piloting aircraft and training flight crews.

A well-known modeling complex for collective training (MKKO), which includes a model of the cockpit, a system for mathematical modeling of aircraft control processes (LA), connected to visualization systems and in series with a visualization control system, an information display system, control elements, a flight factor simulation system, connected to a visualization control system and a network adapter connected to an information display system, controls, a mathematical mode system elirovaniya, a system of automated processing of results, a system for recording information and a general computer. A second cabin, serially connected transceiver equipment for communication of the Internet system, a computer gateway, a modem system connected to a common computer of the first cabin, and also a second transceiver equipment for communication of another port connected to a computer gateway and a modem system connected to a common cab are introduced the calculator of the pilot's workplace of the second cockpit of the aircraft with similar devices and communications of the first cockpit. The information display systems of the first and second cockpit can be made in the form of a virtual helmet with color stereoscopic image systems with liquid crystal (LCD) masks and LCD matrices, translucent reflectors and collimator lenses, eye sensors with infrared radiation sources, lenses and translucent reflectors connected fiber-optic lines with a prism and further with a television camera and a blink sensor, LCD matrices are connected to a video mixer, and LCD masks are connected to a mask control unit (patent RU No. 23114, class G09B 9/08, 08/27/2001).

A disadvantage of the known technical solution is that it does not provide for the possibility of communication between the training pilots using means of audio and video information during joint flights. There is also a lack of a set of elements of a technical solution that realizes the possibility of organizing Internet broadcasts with video archive recording, competitions and certification of remote participants. The modeling complex does not allow the reproduction of acoustic and spatial vibration fields with specified spectral characteristics, as well as the unambiguous display on the multichannel visualization system of pilots maneuvers and the display in the operator’s workplace of the instrument panel of pilots and instrument readings in real time when the operator conducts control of the stages of flight tasks . The technical solution of the complex does not allow determining the values of trajectory overloads at which there is an excess of indicators of the physical condition of the pilot, which correspond to the norm, leading to a decrease in the efficiency of the aircraft control process.

A well-known aircraft modeling system used in training and preparing flight crews for maneuvers during piloting and combat missions and including at least one model of the cockpit, the interior of which corresponds to the cockpit of a real airplane, with a pilot’s workstation, an indication system, governing and control bodies. The complex also contains an environment display system installed outside the cab layout, a computing unit with a software package, an instructor's workstation with a control panel, and power modules. The display system of the environment is made with the possibility of forming virtual three-dimensional objects of the environment, determining the dimensions of the objects, the distance to the objects, the speed of their movement and combining real objects with a virtual three-dimensional image. Moreover, the display system of the environment includes at least one stereoscopic projector, screen and stereoscopic glasses (patent RU No. 116260, CL G09B 9/08, 12/07/2011).

The well-known technical solution does not implement the instructor’s monitoring of the stages of the flight tasks when the pilot’s maneuvers are displayed unambiguously and the pilot’s instrument panel and instrument readings are displayed in real time at the instructor’s workplace. The complex does not provide for the possibility of organizing an Internet broadcast with a video archive recording, and the training pilots lack the ability to communicate using audio and video information. In the design of the models of the cockpits there are no technical means for simulating acoustic and vibration fields, the spectral characteristics of which correspond to real processes that occur during operation of the aircraft. The complex does not have the ability to assess the effectiveness of the pilot in controlling the aircraft under the conditions of trajectory overloads for various flight mission modes.

Also known is a mobile aviation simulator for training, retraining and maintaining the professional readiness of flight and technical personnel, comprising a cockpit with instrumentation, a system for simulating visual environment and acoustic noise, a computer control system and a central control and monitoring station, including workstations of the control operator flight simulator and instructor control systems with the appropriate mission monitors with controls cession trenazh sources for primary and secondary auxiliary power tools simulate the performance and operational radio switching device comprising a conjugation system, computer system and operation of the switching device controls. All the components of the central control and control post are electrically interconnected and structurally integrated into a single mechanical mobile structure. The technical solution used the cockpit of a real aircraft and introduced a switching device containing a control unit for the operation of the switching device, the input of which is electrically connected to the central monitoring and control station, and the output - with the video signal generation unit for the visual environment simulation system and acoustic noise simulation units and the formation of signals from the control and management bodies, which are electrically connected to the aircraft. In the flight simulator, the visual environment simulation system is structurally made in the form of a movable monoblock installed in front of the aircraft cabin (patent RU No. 70396, class G09B 9/08, 16.10.2007).

A disadvantage of the known technical solution is the lack of elements for reproducing spatial vibrational fields with specified spectral characteristics and the inability to organize Internet broadcasting with video archive recording. In the flight simulator in real time, it is impossible for the operator to observe the work of the trained pilot and interact with him using audio and video information.

Technical means of monitoring the process of completing flight tasks do not allow the operator and instructor to display the maneuvers of the pilot of the flight simulator, as well as displaying the pilot’s instrument panel and instrument readings in real time at the workplace of the operator or instructor. The technical solution of the simulator does not allow determining the values of trajectory overloads, at which there is an excess of indicators of the physical condition of the pilot, which correspond to the norm, leading to a decrease in the efficiency of the aircraft control process.

Also known is a comprehensive training system for aviation specialists, which includes workplaces (RM) of the ground control service, one or more RM of trained pilots equipped with individual simulators in real cockpits of aircraft installed on dynamic platforms with the ability to move in 2 -3 planes equipped with control devices with discrete controls, valves and continuous controls associated with contact devices with a computing local view in one virtual field of events and information output to visualization devices. Contact devices of continuous controls are made in the form of sensors, each of which is connected in series with the controller system, and the comprehensive training system is additionally equipped with a computer complex containing an operator’s PM with an individual visualization device, a central server equipped with information input / output devices and a storage device, including an array of source data bases, a block for modeling real processes with modeling devices, and an objective block on the control of trainees by managing the exchange of information between local networks connecting the computing complex with the RM of trainees through parallel communication of the central server with functionally oriented servers of the local networks of the RM of trained pilots. Local networks include computer modules for implementing training scenarios and visualization devices connected in series with servers and made in the form of individual screens or a system of monitors. In a comprehensive training system, each server in the local network of RM pilots, which contains a modeling and control unit for a dynamic aircraft model, a control unit for a dynamic platform, a radio control unit, can be connected in parallel with an information input / output device with computing modules of the onboard visualization system for the cockpit space, and the computing module of the system instrument display, control of cabin fittings and engine noise simulators, armament control system computing module. The instructor’s server, which contains the modeling and control unit of the dynamic model of the aircraft and the radio communication control unit, can be installed with the possibility of parallel connection with one of the pilot’s PM’s servers and with computing modules of the cockpit visualization system, a computing module for displaying instruments, controlling the cabin fittings and simulating engine noise , the computing module of an arms control system. The central server can be connected in series with the visualization system and a printing device of the class of flight debriefing and analysis of objective control tools (patent RU No. 24583, class G09B 9/08, January 24, 2002).

The well-known technical solution does not allow training pilots during joint training flights on flight simulators to communicate using audio and video information and does not have the technical means to organize Internet broadcasts with video archive recording, competitions and certification of remote participants. In a comprehensive training system, it is not possible to reproduce vibration fields with specified spectral characteristics corresponding to the actual operating conditions of the aircraft. The technical solution of the integrated training system does not have the ability to assess the effectiveness of the pilot in controlling the aircraft under the conditions of trajectory overloads for various flight mission execution modes.

Also known is a comprehensive simulator for a training aircraft crew, comprising a cockpit equipped with video cameras, speakers and a set of equipment with an adapter system, the appearance of which elements, their relative position repeat the appearance and arrangement of equipment elements of the aircraft cockpit set, visual cockpit simulator environment, a computer complex connected to the cockpit, with a block simulating the cockpit visual environment and allowing to simulate pieces emergency and emergency flight modes of the aircraft, flight conditions and operating modes of the power plant, units and systems of the aircraft and equipped with a unit for simulating acoustic noise, as well as the instructor's workplace, including a control panel and controls connected to the computer complex, and equipped with a unit for simulating radio communications, at the same time, video monitors connected to the video cameras of the cockpit are installed at the instructor’s workplace. Means have been introduced into the cockpit that provide the implementation of guidance algorithms for unguided aircraft missiles and bombs, similar to the means of the aircraft, and means for adjusting the pilot's efforts, the simulated cockpit simulation unit is made in the form of an optical collimation device with a viewing angle of 120 ° * 30 °, and the computer complex is connected with means providing the implementation of guidance algorithms for unguided aircraft missiles and bombs, means for adjusting the pilot's efforts, and is configured to simulate algorithms ia uncontrolled aircraft missiles and bombs, as well as the reflection in the simulated unit of the cockpit environment of the process of simulating the use of unguided aircraft missiles and bombs (patent RU No. 111331, CL G09B 9/08, 06/28/2011).

The disadvantages of the known technical solutions are the impossibility of organizing group flights and the instructor's control of the stages of the flight tasks, as well as the lack of vibration field reproduction tools in the flight simulator. The flight simulator does not allow Internet broadcasting of flight modes and the pilots' work on the simulator with video archive recording, competitions and certification of remote participants. The technical solution does not allow to determine the values of trajectory overloads, in which there is an excess of indicators of the physical condition of the pilot, corresponding to the norm, leading to a decrease in the efficiency of the aircraft control process.

A flight simulator of modular design is also known, containing a module for a pilot’s cockpit with a block of modules of simulators of information display devices at the student’s workplace and a block of modules of simulators of controls at the student’s workplace, an instructor’s module with a block of modules of information display tools at the instructor’s workplace and a block modules of controls at the instructor's workplace, a block of modules for displaying information in the cockpit space, a block of modules that imitate acceleration sensations, as well as interconnected block of modules of the objective control system, the input of which is connected to one of the outputs of the module of the instructor’s workstation, and the outputs - to the first inputs of the modules of the layout of the cockpit and the instructor’s workplace, and the block of simulation and control modules, the input of which is connected with the other output of the instructor’s workstation module, and the outputs - with the second inputs of the cockpit and pilot’s layout modules and the inputs of the block of information display modules in the cockpit and ka modules that imitate acceleration sensations. Using the simulator provides control over the actions of students in regular and emergency situations, operational changes in the conditions of a flight task, entry of failures and control over the actions of students in regular and emergency situations, working out of individual phases of flight and combat use under given initial conditions, creating a database for students with the ability to process information about the results of training on the simulator (patent RU No. 2247430, class G09B 9/08, 03/10/2004).

However, the well-known technical solution does not provide for the possibility of organizing Internet broadcasts with video archive recording, competitions and certification of many remote participants, and the formation of a vibration field. Also disadvantages are the development of group flotation only as part of a pair and the lack of the possibility of implementing joint training flights on an airplane simulator and flights on flight simulators, while students can communicate on flight simulators using audio and video tools. The known technical solution does not allow an assessment of the effectiveness of the pilot in controlling the aircraft under the conditions of trajectory overloads for various modes of flight missions.

The objective of the invention is to increase the efficiency of the learning process while expanding the functionality of the training system for piloting aircraft.

The technical result manifested in solving the problem is:

- the ability to assess the effectiveness of the pilot when controlling the aircraft under conditions of trajectory overloads for various modes of flight missions;

-determination of levels of trajectory overloads at which there is an excess of indicators of the physical condition of the pilot corresponding to the norm, leading to a decrease in the efficiency of the aircraft control process;

- an increase in the number of people trained in piloting aircraft by introducing a group of flight simulators into the integrated system, if it is possible to organize Internet broadcasting with a video archive, holding competitions and attesting many remote participants, provided by the remote location of the dispatcher’s workstation, flight simulator and flight simulators from each other;

- the implementation, in accordance with the flight tasks, of joint flights on flight simulators and training flights on a flight simulator, if students can communicate using audio and video information and as close as possible to the conditions for training the pilot on a flight simulator to the actual piloting conditions under the influence of acoustic and vibration fields;

- the ability to conduct medical and technical studies on flight simulators using information from video archives on the behavior of pilots of flight simulators in the process of completing flight tasks and implementing flight modes using aircraft controls;

- the ability to monitor the dispatcher in real time the work of trained pilots on flight simulators and flight simulators and interaction with each of them or with all of them through radio communication systems and remote visual control;

- dispatch control of the stages of the flight tasks when displaying on the multi-channel visualization system the maneuvers of the flight simulator pilot and displaying the pilot instrument panel and instrument readings in real time on the dispatcher’s workplace;

- the possibility of organizing and conducting distance learning and Internet broadcasting of the theoretical part of the preparation for piloting aircraft, including through the mobile video conferencing complex, which provides in the field a real-time demonstration of the units, assemblies and flights of the aircraft with video archive recording;

- the ability to organize and conduct training for dispatchers on the management of aircraft flows during parking, taxiing and flight.

The problem is solved, and the technical result is achieved by using an integrated distance learning system for piloting aircraft, integrated tests and video conferencing, which includes specialized server blocks, an interactive block, an information node and a block of flight simulators and a flight simulator connected to them via communication channels , a dispatcher block, a user block, and a listener block, while the flight simulator block includes a flight trainer group Gers, each of which includes at least a visualization server, an analog-to-digital converter, a video splitter, a calculation module server, a dashboard server connected to a video splitter, a multi-channel projection visualization system connected to a visualization server, additional visualization servers, an overload playback unit uninterruptible power supply for the flight simulator connected to the flight simulator elements, flight simulator case, the seats of the first and second pilots with shoulders installed in it safety belts, parachutes and vibration elements, a system for simulating vibration effects, a system for simulating acoustic noise, a radio communication system for the first pilot, a radio communication system for the second pilot, additional radio communication systems, remote visual control devices for pilots, an additional visualization device connected to the video splitter, connected to the calculation module server dashboard of the first pilot, visualization tool of the dashboard of the second pilot, local visualization tool approx flight simulator panel, additional visualization tools for the pilots dashboard, multi-channel visualization system connected to the visualization server, additional multi-channel visualization systems connected to additional visualization servers, control tools connected to the analog-to-digital converter, additionally connected to the calculation module server, the flight simulator unit includes includes a group of flight simulators, each of which includes at least a flight simulator pilot seat torus connected to the flight simulator elements uninterruptible power supply for flight simulators, flight simulator pilot visualization tools connected to an electronic computer, flight simulator pilot visualization aids, control levers, pedals, head position scanner, additionally connected to the head position sensor, pilot vibration system and radio communication system the flight simulator pilot, the dispatcher block contains the dispatcher server, the dispatcher visualization tool connected to it, will complement controller dispatcher visualization tools, the dispatcher’s remote visualization tool, the dispatcher’s radio communication system, the dispatcher’s server management tools, the local visual pilot control device and the uninterruptible power supply unit of the dispatcher’s unit connected to the dispatcher’s unit, the server unit includes a client server, video conferencing server, content server, Internet broadcast server, additional servers and uninterruptible power supply for the server block connected to its elements, inter An active unit includes an uninterruptible power supply unit for an interactive unit connected to its elements, a video conferencing terminal, an audio mixer connected to it, speakers, a microphone system, a ceiling microphone and a lavalier microphone, a camera, a TV, an additional video splitter, a video wall, a monitor, an interactive monitor, a projector , interactive projector, interactive whiteboard, screen, personal computer, additional flight simulator, dispatcher workstation, additional dispatcher workstation, additional av an simulator, an additional simulator and a 3D scanner connected to a personal computer, a 3D printer, a document camera and additional speakers, the information node includes an uninterruptible power supply for the information node connected to its elements, an additional video conferencing terminal, a decoder, and an additional personal one the computer, the user unit includes an uninterruptible power supply for the user unit connected to its elements, as well as connected to communication channels an additional video conferencing terminal with a second additional personal computer connected to it, second additional speakers and an additional television, and / or a mobile video conferencing terminal, and / or a mobile video conferencing complex, and / or an IP phone, and / or a third additional personal computer with a connected to it an interactive object, and / or a tablet computer, and / or a mobile device, the listener unit includes an uninterruptible power supply for the listener unit connected to e of elements connected to communication channels by an additional mobile device, and / or an additional tablet computer, and / or a fourth additional personal computer with third additional columns connected to it, the overload playback unit includes a threshold generation unit and a comparison unit connected in series, serially connected pressure regulator, pressure controller, compressor, air supply system, pilot overalls with pi status sensors placed in it lot, while the air supply system has a breaker, the pressure regulator is additionally connected to an analog-to-digital converter, the threshold generation unit is additionally connected to the server of the calculation module, the outputs of the status sensors of the pilot are connected to the server of the calculation module and to the corresponding inputs of the comparison unit, additionally connected to to the calculation module server, the speakers are connected to the video conferencing terminal and to the audio mixer, the microphone system, the ceiling microphone and the lapel microphone are connected Connected to the audio mixer and to the video conferencing terminal, which is additionally connected to the camera, TV and additional video splitter, the video wall, monitor, interactive monitor, projector and interactive projector are additionally connected to the additional video splitter, the personal computer is additionally connected to the additional video splitter and the interactive whiteboard, all elements server block, video conferencing terminal, personal computer, additional flight simulator, dispatcher workstation, additional ra the other place of the dispatcher, an additional flight simulator, an additional simulator, an additional video conferencing terminal, an additional personal computer are connected to communication channels, all the servers of each flight simulator, an overload playback unit, an electronic computer and a dispatcher server are installed with the ability to connect to communication channels, and groups of flight simulators and / or flight simulators and / or the block of the dispatcher are located nearby and / or at a distance from each other.

The solution of the problem and the achievement of the specified technical result is also promoted by private essential features of the invention.

In an integrated system, communication channels are a local area network Ethernet, Wi-Fi, 4G or satellite communication channel.

The integrated system is equipped with additional projectors and additional interactive whiteboards, with additional projectors connected to an additional video splitter, and additional interactive whiteboards to a personal computer.

The integrated system is equipped with an interactive tablet connected to a personal computer and an additional interactive whiteboard of a user unit connected to a second additional personal computer.

The integrated system is equipped with additional televisions connected to a video conferencing terminal, monitors connected to an additional video splitter, while the second additional personal computer is connected to an interactive object.

In the integrated system, the housing of the mobile video conferencing terminal is shockproof.

In an integrated system, a document camera is a portable, stationary or ceiling camera, and an interactive object is an interactive tablet of a user’s block or an interactive whiteboard of a user’s block.

In the integrated system, the second additional speakers are installed with the ability to connect to the second additional personal computer.

In an integrated system, a multi-channel projection visualization system is a group of projection screens and a group of second additional projectors connected to the visualization server.

In the integrated system, the body of the flight simulator is a cockpit of a real aircraft or a full-scale body of a sports training aircraft.

In FIG. 1 is a structural diagram of an integrated distance learning system for piloting aircraft, integrated testing and video conferencing.

In FIG. 2 - structural diagrams of blocks of flight simulators, flight simulators, dispatcher, users and listeners.

In FIG. 3 - composition of a multi-channel projection visualization system.

In FIG. 4 is a block diagram of a server block, an interactive block, and an information node.

The integrated distance learning system for piloting aircraft, integrated testing and video conferencing includes (Fig. 1) servers with specialized software block 1, interactive block 2, information node 3 and block 5 of flight simulators, block 6 of flight simulators connected to them via communication channels 4, block 6 of flight simulators , dispatcher block 7, user block 8 and listener block 9, while block 5 of flight simulators includes a group of flight simulators 10 (Fig. 2), each of which includes, at least , visualization server 11, analog-to-digital converter 12, video splitter 13, calculation module server 14 connected to video splitter 13 dashboard server 15 connected to visualization server 11 multi-channel projection visualization system 16, additional visualization servers 17, overload playback unit 18 connected to the elements of the flight simulator 10 uninterruptible power supply 19 of the flight simulator 10, the flight simulator body 20, the seats 21, 22 of the first and second pilots with shoulder harnesses installed therein, pairs flyers and vibration elements connected to the server 14 of the calculation module, the system 23 for simulating vibration effects, the system 24 for simulating acoustic noise, the radio communication system 25 of the first pilot, the radio communication system 26 of the second pilot, the additional radio communication system 27, the device 28 remote visual control of the pilots, additionally connected to video splitter 13 means of visualization of the dashboard of the first pilot, means of 30 visualization of the dashboard of the second pilot, local means of visualization of the dashboard 31 and flight simulator 10, additional means 32 for visualization of the instrument panel of the pilots connected to the server 11 visualization multi-channel visualization system 33, additional multi-channel visualization systems 34 connected to additional servers 17 visualization, control means 35 connected to an analog-to-digital Converter 12, additionally connected to server 14 calculation module. The vibration elements of the seats 21, 22 of the first and second pilots are vibration pads or low-frequency vibration transducers of sound signals in the spectral range from zero to 500 Hz. The flight simulator unit 6 includes a group of flight simulators, each 36 of which includes at least a flight simulator pilot seat 37, a flight simulator uninterruptible power supply unit 38 connected to the flight simulator 36, and a flight simulator visualization tool 40 connected to the electronic computer 39 36, additional means 41 for visualizing the pilot of the flight simulator 36, control levers 42, pedals 43, head position scanner 44, additionally connected to the head position sensor 45, vibration systems Driver system 46 and the radio 47 flight simulator pilot 36. A vibration system 46 is a low-frequency vibration or vibropodushku converter audio signals in the spectral range of zero to 500 Hz. The dispatcher block 7 comprises a dispatcher server 48, dispatcher visualization means 49 connected to it, additional dispatcher visualization means 50, a dashboard visualization tool 51, a dispatcher radio communication system 52, dispatcher server 48 controls 53, a pilot visual control device 54, and connected to elements of the block 7 dispatcher uninterruptible power supply 55 of the block 7 dispatcher. The server block 1 (Fig. 4) includes a client server 56, a video conferencing server 57, a content server 58, an Internet broadcast server 59, additional servers 60, and an uninterruptible power supply 61 of the server block 1 connected to its elements. Interactive unit 2 includes an uninterruptible power supply unit for interactive unit 2 connected to its elements, a video conferencing terminal 63, an audio mixer 64, speakers 65, a microphone system 66, a ceiling microphone 67 and a lapel microphone 68, a camera 69, a television 70, additional video splitter 71, video wall 72, monitor 73, interactive monitor 74, projector 75, interactive projector 76, interactive whiteboard 77, screen 78, personal computer 79, additional flight simulator 80, dispatcher workstation 81, additional workstation another place for the dispatcher 82, additional flight simulator 83, additional simulator 84 and connected to a personal computer 79 3D scanner 85, 3D printer 86, document camera 87 and additional columns 88. Information node 3 includes an uninterruptible power supply 89 for information node 3 connected to its elements, sequentially connected an additional video conferencing terminal 90, a decoder 91 and an additional personal computer 92. The user unit 8 includes an uninterruptible power supply 93 of the user unit 8, Connected to its elements, as well as a second additional video conferencing terminal 94 connected to the communication channels 4 with a second additional personal computer 95, second additional speakers 96 and an additional television 97 connected to it, and / or a mobile video conferencing terminal 98, and / or a mobile complex 99 video conferencing, and / or IP phone 100, and / or a third additional personal computer 101 with an interactive object 102 connected to it, and / or a tablet computer 103, and / or a mobile device 104. Listening unit 9 The device includes an uninterruptible power supply unit 105 of the listener unit 9 connected to its elements, an additional mobile device 106 connected to communication channels 4, and / or an additional tablet computer 107, and / or a fourth additional personal computer 108 with third additional speakers connected to it 109. The overload reproducing unit 18 includes a threshold value generating unit 110 and a comparison unit 111, series-connected, series-connected pressure regulator 112, a controller Pressure ery 113, compressor 114, air supply system 115, pilot overalls 116 with pilot condition sensors 117 located therein. The air supply system 115 has a breaker 118. The pressure regulator 112 is additionally connected to an analog-to-digital converter 12, the threshold value generating unit 110 is additionally connected to the calculation module server 14, the outputs of the pilot status sensors 117 are connected to the calculation module server 14 and to the corresponding inputs of the block 111 comparison, additionally connected to the server 14 of the calculation module. The speakers 65 are connected to the video conferencing terminal 63 and to the audio mixer 64, the microphone system 66, the ceiling microphone 67 and the lavalier microphone 68 are connected to the audio mixer 64 and to the video conferencing terminal 63, which is additionally connected to the camera 69, the television 70 and the additional video splitter 71, to the additional video splitter 71, a video wall 72, a monitor 73, an interactive monitor 74, a projector 75 and an interactive projector 76 are additionally connected, a personal computer 79 is additionally connected to an additional video splitter 71 and to an interactive willow board 77, all elements of server block 1, video conferencing terminal 63, personal computer 79, additional flight simulator 80, dispatcher workstation 81, additional dispatcher workstation 82, additional flight simulator 83, additional simulator 84, additional video conferencing terminal 90, additional personal computer 92 connected to communication channels 4, all servers of each flight simulator 10, overload playback unit 18, electronic computer 39 and dispatcher server 48 are installed with the ability to connect Nia to 4 channels of communication. Groups of flight simulators 10 and / or flight simulators 36 and / or the block of the dispatcher 7 are located nearby and / or at a distance from each other. Communication channels 4 may be a local area network Ethernet, Wi-Fi, 4G or satellite communication channel. The integrated system can be equipped with additional projectors 119 and additional interactive whiteboards 120, while additional projectors 119 can be connected to an additional video splitter 71, and additional interactive whiteboards 120 to a personal computer 79. An interactive tablet 121 connected to personal computer 79, and it can be equipped with an additional interactive whiteboard 122 block 8 users connected to the second additional personal computer the user 95, additional televisions 123 connected to the video conferencing terminal 63, and monitors 124 connected to the video splitter 71. The second additional personal computer 95 may be connected to the interactive object 102, and the housing of the mobile video conferencing terminal 98 may be shockproof. In the integrated system, the document camera 87 may be a portable, stationary or ceiling camera, and the interactive object 102 is an interactive tablet of a block of 8 users or an interactive whiteboard of a block of 8 users. The second additional speakers 96 can be installed with the possibility of connecting to the second additional personal computer 95, and the multi-channel projection system 16 (Fig. 3) of visualization can be a group of projection screens 125 and connected to the server of visualization 11 a group of second additional projectors 126. In the integrated system the body 20 of the flight simulator 10 may be a cockpit of a real aircraft or a full-scale body of a sports training aircraft.

The integrated distance learning system for piloting aircraft, integrated testing and video conferencing operates as follows.

The pilot training process on the developed flight simulator 10 and flight simulator 36 is preceded by theoretical and practical training in structural elements, aerodynamics and flight theory of aircraft, navigational training (ground and flight parts), Morse code, the basics of parachute training, aeronautical meteorology (meteorological elements, international synoptic code, the effect of wind on flight performance, vertical), radio communication systems and electrical equipment of aircraft, the basic rules of the field s in the airspace, and for aircraft navigation practice skills take-off and landing, and flight performance figures IFR flight in designated areas, based on the control and testing of aircraft piloting group flights. Work on the simulator 10, which is part of the group of simulators block 5, is as follows. Before the start of any flight, a pilot or group of pilots receives a flight mission, gets acquainted with it and carries out the testing of all actions on the ground. Next, an external inspection of the aircraft is carried out and its preparation for flight. When using each flight simulator 10, which is part of the flight simulator group of block 5, to simulate a real flight, the first pilot takes place in the seat 21 of the flight simulator 10, the second pilot takes place in the seat 22 of the flight simulator 10, which are equipped with real shoulder harnesses, a parachute and a vibration element (not shown). Each of the pilots adjusts the controls 35 (pedals) along the length of the legs, after checking the health of the lock on the shoulder harnesses, fastens the shoulder harnesses, puts on and checks the radio communication systems 25, 26, 52 between the pilots and the dispatcher. Next, the mobility of the cockpit lantern is checked (in the event of an emergency and the need to leave the aircraft). Pilots check and prepare the instrument panels of the aircraft for takeoff (in some cases, an instructor can work in the second pilot's seat). Next, preparations are made for starting the engine, starting and warming up the aircraft engine. The pilot or group of pilots then receives take-off permits from the controller through the controller’s radio communication system 52. On the visualization tools of the dispatcher displays all the information on the dashboards of each of the pilots. The dispatcher has the ability to remotely monitor all the actions of the pilots, prompting novice aviators what to do in a given situation (including in case of emergency situations). Using block 5 of flight simulators allows training in piloting aircraft in the following modes. The "Individual Flight" mode represents the very initial stage of pilot training after completing a theoretical course. The pilot, together with the dispatcher, fulfills the basics of piloting, learns to prepare the aircraft for flight (to practice all preparatory manipulations on the ground), interact with the dispatcher, understand and execute his commands. The "Individual flight" mode is used to work out the main flight programs (take-off, flight according to specified parameters, landing). The flight according to the given parameters can be either a normal flight or performance of aerobatics. The "Group flight" mode allows you to practice group flights on the flight simulators of aircraft of various types, which can be located at a considerable distance from each other (in different audiences, different cities, different countries and on different continents). In this case, the dispatcher prepares a flight task for a group of aircraft that need to make a joint flight in the given conditions and with the given parameters. For example, the first group receives the task to make a flight from a given airfield at a certain time and keep a given course, then the second group connects to it, which at a given time made a flight from another airfield and had to join the first group at a specified time to further complete the task . Depending on the complexity and significance of the flight mission, the number of groups of aircraft can be two or more. Flight control of each individual lethal device is carried out by a dispatcher located at the third point. Through a radio communication system, the dispatcher negotiates with each pilot involved in this task. In the "Group flight" mode, due to the use of specialized software, each pilot on multi-channel visualization systems can see the aircraft involved in the flight mission and their maneuvers. This piloting mode teaches pilots to work in a chain (link) with one or more aircraft, joint actions with more precise control of all flight parameters (altitude, speed, direction, etc.) and simulation of the actual flight of a group of aircraft. The "Group battle" mode is a variation of the "Group flight" mode. In this case, in accordance with the flight mission, all pilots will have to participate in the hostilities, pursue the enemy, find their supporters among the aircraft involved and try to hit the enemy and / or given targets in conjunction. This mode is reproduced, as a rule, on combat-type aircraft (fighters, bombers, transport aircraft). For example, a flight task is given to the first group to fly from a given airfield to escort a transport aircraft carrying valuable cargo. The second group has to fly from the second airfield and destroy the transport aircraft, while the second group is aware of the trajectory and all other flight parameters of the first group, and for the first group it is not known where and at what time the enemy will appear. All pilots will not only most accurately complete the flight mission, but also during the flight to solve tactical tasks that cannot be predicted in advance. The "Failure" mode allows pilots to work out actions in various emergency situations, coherence and efficiency of interaction between the pilot and the dispatcher. The developed technical solutions for flight simulator blocks, flight simulators and a dispatcher allow you to simulate almost any abnormal situations that may occur both during flight and on the apron during preparation of the aircraft for takeoff and during taxiing. All modes can be worked out both on flight simulators and flight simulators separately, and in conjunction, when one type of aircraft is simulated on flight simulators and the other on flight simulators, while performing the same flight task. If the tasks are carried out within the framework of competitions or tournaments, then this complex system allows you to organize an online broadcast, which can be observed by a commission located at a considerable distance, as well as by everyone, located in any convenient place with an electronic computer 39, which has access to Internet. Thanks to devices for remote visual control of pilots installed in the cockpits of each pilot, during the Internet broadcast, it is possible to monitor the actions of each pilot, his behavior, mood and degree of concentration, which subsequently allows the commission and the dispatcher to most accurately assess the actions of the pilots and their readiness for real departures. In the simulator 10, the central element is the calculation module server 14, which collects, processes, and generates digital information in block 5 of the simulators. Commands for processing graphic information transmitted to the multi-channel visualization system 33 and additional multi-channel visualization systems 34 are transmitted from the calculation module server 14 to the visualization server 11 and additional visualization servers 17. Commands for processing digital information associated with the instrument panel of the flight simulator are transmitted from the server 14 of the calculation module to the server 15 of the dashboard. Graphic information from the visualization server 11 and the additional visualization servers 17 is transmitted to the multi-channel visualization system 33, additional multi-channel visualization systems 34 and the multi-channel projection visualization system 16, which together form a three-dimensional visualization system that allows for unambiguous display of all actions and manipulations of the pilot using means 35 control (change of pitch, yaw, roll angles in accordance with the real model of aircraft flight dynamics and, the simulated data Flight simulators). This creates the effect of controlling the aircraft. Means 35 of the control are equipped with special elements that create loads that simulate real loads on the aircraft during flight. From the dashboard server 15, graphic information is transmitted to the video splitter 13 and then to the first pilot dashboard visualization tool 29, the second pilot dashboard visualization tool 30, the local flight simulator dashboard visualization tool 31 (installed if the flight simulator 10 and block 7 dispatchers are in close proximity), additional means 32 visualization of the dashboard of pilots. This system allows for the display for pilots and controllers of all the necessary information about the instrument readings of the aircraft. Voice communication of pilots with each other and the operator is carried out using the radio communication systems 25 of the first pilot, radio communication systems 26 of the second pilot, radio communication system 52 of the dispatcher and additional radio communication systems 27. The dispatcher has the ability to give commands to the pilots and adjust their actions during the flight. The system 24 of simulating acoustic noise and the system of 23 simulating vibration effects located in the engine zones, landing gear zones and control systems (wing, tail) of the aircraft receive media information from the server 14 of the calculation module, form the spatio-temporal distribution of acoustic and vibration fields, which provides the opportunity to maximize approximation to real processes. The number of blocks required to simulate sound and vibration effects generated by the system 24 simulate acoustic noise and the system 23 simulate vibration effects is determined by the type of aircraft. Piloting by an air simulator is provided by means of control 35 (standard control levers), which, through an analog-to-digital converter 12, transmit digital information to the server 14 of the calculation module to achieve complete synchronization of the position of the control levers and information displayed on all visualization tools with the transmission of sound and vibration effects. The device 28 remote visual control of the pilots, which are a set of means for transmitting audio and video stream (installed if the flight simulator 10 and the controller block 7 are located at a considerable distance from each other), are located inside the flight simulator body 20 and display graphic information on additional means 50 visualization of the controller, allowing the controller to monitor the actions of the pilots inside the flight simulator. Using the radio communication systems 25 of the first pilot, the radio communication systems 26 of the second pilot, additional radio communication systems 27, devices 28 for remote visual control of the pilots, the server 14 of the calculation module via the communication channels 4, video conferencing can be organized. In the event that the flight simulator 10 and block 7 are located at a considerable distance from each other, elements 54 and 31 are replaced by elements 28 and 51.

All elements of the flight simulator 10, requiring 220 volts to be connected to the mains, are connected through the uninterruptible power supply source 19 of the flight simulator. In some cases, elements 11, 14, 15, and 17 may constitute a single flight simulator server. The commissioned flight simulator allows the most complete simulation of the control of an aircraft of any type (aircraft, helicopter, airship, etc.), reproducing as much as possible all its aerodynamic characteristics. Training on the flight simulator gives a complete picture of the possible loads, the behavior of the aircraft during certain maneuvers (takeoff, landing, piloting), as well as the modes of individual and group flights, group combat and failure mode. The flight simulator allows you to practice the actions of pilots in emergency situations (take-off / landing in difficult climatic conditions, take-off / landing at abandoned airfields, engine failure, etc.). Several flight simulators combined in one chain allow organizing pilot training in piloting in conjunction, performing joint turns and flight tasks of any complexity. Training on the flight simulator 36 from the group of flight simulators of block 6 is as follows. In each flight simulator 36, which is part of the flight simulator group of block 6, to simulate a real flight, the pilot takes a place in the seat 37 of the flight simulator 36, equipped with a pilot vibration system 46 that generates vibration effects, the spectral composition of which corresponds to the actual processes during operation of the aircraft. In the flight simulator 36, the central element is an electronic computer 39, which collects, processes, and generates digital information transmitted between the elements of the block. Graphic information from the electronic computer 39 is transmitted to the means of visualization of the pilot of the flight simulator 40 and additional means of 41 visualization of the pilot of the flight simulator. The control levers 42, the pedals 43 and the head position scanner 44 together with the head position sensor 45 transmit information to the electronic computer 39, after which the aircraft pilot visualization tool 40 and the flight simulator pilot visualization means 41 display unique aircraft position information (change pitch, yaw, roll angles in accordance with the real model of the aircraft simulated by this flight simulator). The vibration system 46 of the pilot of the flight simulator 36, receiving information from an electronic computer 39, generates a vibration field, creating the effect of the operating systems of the aircraft. The radio communication system 47 of the flight simulator pilot, receiving media information from the electronic computer 39, is used both for audio communication with other pilots and for outputting audio information of the flight simulator software. The radio communication system includes a microphone with the on / off key (toggle switch), one (two) speaker with volume control. The radio communication system may be connected to the electronic computer 39 via radio or cable. All elements of each flight simulator 36, requiring 220 volts to be connected to the mains, are connected through the uninterruptible power supply source 36 of the flight simulator 36. Each separate flight simulator allows one to study the design of the aircraft, including the design of the dashboard, in a game form, to learn how to use the readings on the dashboard (as applied to the various stages of flight), to master the basics of piloting an aircraft, to study the aerodynamic characteristics of aircraft of various types. Several flight simulators working in conjunction are a game and training tool for piloting several aircraft of any type, organizing and conducting "air battles". The developed technical solution can be used to create simulators for land, water, underwater, rail, space and other vehicles.

In block 7 of the dispatcher, the server 48 of the dispatcher collects, processes and generates digital information transmitted between the elements of block 7 of the dispatcher. Graphical information from the dispatcher server 48 is transmitted to the dispatcher visualization tool 49, additional dispatcher visualization tools 50, and the dashboard visualization tool 51 remote (installed if the flight simulator 10 and the dispatcher unit 7 are located at a considerable distance from each other), information for which dispatcher server 48 receives from the dashboard server 15 directly or via communication channels 4. The dispatcher’s radio communication system 52 serves not only for voice communication with the pilots through the first pilot’s radio communication system 25 and the second pilot’s radio communication system 26, but also for voice communication with the flight simulator pilots together with the radio simulator pilot’s radio communication system 47. The dispatcher’s server 48 controls 53 allow the dispatcher it is easy to transmit commands to both the graphical and the command interface of server 48. Devices 54 for local visual control of pilots, which are complexes of audio transmission means and video stream (installed if the flight simulator 10 and the controller block 7 are located in close proximity to each other) located inside the aircraft body, display graphic information on additional means 50 for visualizing the controller, allowing the controller to observe the actions of pilots inside the aircraft (if the flight simulator 10 and the dispatcher unit 7 are located at a considerable distance from each other, graphic information is transmitted from the devices 28 remote visual control of pilots through the server 14 calculation deleterious module, the channels 4 and the server connection manager 48 for additional imaging means 50 controller). All elements of the dispatcher unit 7 that require a 220 volt connection to the mains are connected through an uninterruptible power supply 55 of the dispatcher unit 7. Block 7 of the dispatcher can be located at a considerable distance from the flight simulator 10. At the same time, it has full functionality, allows the dispatcher to control the actions of pilots, hear all conversations, monitor instrument readings and transmit commands. In conjunction with the flight simulator 10, the dispatcher unit 7 can act as a training simulator for aviation dispatchers. Block 7 dispatcher allows you to fully monitor the functioning of flight simulators 36 block 6 flight simulators with control and the ability to correct the actions of pilots.

The integrated distance learning system for piloting aircraft, integrated testing and video conferencing includes the preparatory phase, the direct operation of the system in real time, processing the results, creating video archives of events and the stage of routine maintenance.  The preparatory stage of the system operation includes the installation of the necessary equipment, equipment connection according to the above diagram (see  FIG.  4), installation of specialized software, equipment setup and testing of the system as each subscriber, flight simulator, flight simulator, dispatcher, and all the blocks in a bunch.  Direct operation of the system in real time implies connecting each subscriber, flight simulator, flight simulator, dispatcher (regardless of the final set of equipment) to a single information network while realizing the possibility of holding parallel conferences with different composition of participants, flying on flight simulators and flight simulators in various modes.  The full operation of the system involves the ability to stream images, sound, presentations, graphic materials, documents, desktop images and other necessary information.  The integrated system allows you to create a unified information environment for the organization of training in piloting aircraft.  On the Internet, in real time, publicly available Internet broadcasts of video conferencing events, broadcasts of piloting aircraft are conducted (training process, competitions, demonstration flights).  Processing the result of work and creating video archives represent the final stage of the cycle.  After the end of the system, the transmitted materials are saved in the specified formats and a video archive of events is formed with subsequent storage on the components of the server block 1, which is the basis of a single information space.  The stage of routine maintenance is to maintain the operability of the system equipment, implement updates of specialized software and ensure the security of the system as a whole by monitoring the relevance of the settings, regularly updating passwords on the systems and eliminating unauthorized access by third parties.  The client server 56 connects to the Internet via a local Ethernet network and provides the opportunity for remote subscribers (using personal computers, mobile devices and tablet computers) to use specialized software to participate in video conferencing on the server 57 video conferencing, while creating conditions for direct calls between by users.  Video conferencing server 57 is connected to the Internet through a local area network Ethernet.  Server 57 video conferencing allows you to create and administer video conferencing, and also provides the connection of external devices (video servers and video conferencing terminals) and remote subscribers through specialized software.  Users connected to the server 57 video conferencing are added by the administrator to one video conference or several concurrent ones.  Administrators control the sound and cameras of participants, send content and messages to video chat, change the layout of the video conference and the quality-speed ratio of both all and individual participants, as well as conduct overall control of the process.  On a network using server hardware, video conferencing is supported.  Content server 58 is connected to the Internet through a local area network Ethernet.  Content server 58 connects to remote subscribers and video conferencing server 57 by recording a video archive of video conferencing and training events for piloting aircraft conducted on these devices.  Content server 58 records and stores a video archive of video conferencing.  The Internet broadcast server 59 is connected to the Internet via communication channels 4 and simultaneously broadcasts one or more video conferences on the Internet, allowing the flexibility to adjust the quality-speed ratio depending on the number of participants and the task.  In some cases, server 58 or server 59 may combine the functional properties of both servers.  To view the Internet broadcast from server 59, specialized software is not required; a wide variety of devices are suitable for this purpose.  Part of the functionality of the servers can be transferred to additional servers 60 without loss of quality and functionality.  Work with the components of server block 1 is performed in remote access mode via a network interface.  The server 59 works in conjunction with the information node 3, designed for Internet broadcasting, receiving the converted signal from the encoding program of the additional personal computer 92 (in special cases, the additional personal computer 92 may be part of the server 59).  Using interactive unit 2 provides the following features of an integrated distance learning system for piloting aircraft.  Interactive block 2 is a technical solution for performing specific tasks of users in conducting video conferences, creating, processing and transferring materials, practical application of training programs (including theoretical training in structural elements, aerodynamics and flight theory of aircraft, navigational training, on Morse code, aeronautical meteorology (meteorological elements, international synoptic code, the effect of wind on flight), radio communication systems and electronic ktrooborudovaniya aircraft primary flight rules in airspace piloting et al. ), the simultaneous display of information on several output devices, as well as for the organization of training in piloting aircraft and conducting competitions through an additional flight simulator 80, a dispatcher workstation 81, an additional dispatcher workstation 82, an additional flight simulator 83 and an additional simulator 84, which are connected through 4 communication channels can be combined into a single circuit with the elements of block 5, block 6, block 7.  Video conferencing terminal 63 is the main component of interactive unit 2, capable of creating full-fledged video conferences with two-way transmission of image, sound and presentations in real time both autonomously and together with server unit 1.  Video conferencing terminal 63 allows you to create a real interactive situation room from a regular room with a plasma or LCD panel, in which remote communication of subscribers is carried out online, which speeds up decision making and facilitates interaction between them.  After the components of the interactive unit 2 are turned on, the video conferencing terminal 63 is connected to the Internet via communication channels 4 and receives an image from a camera 69 and from a personal computer 79 through an additional video splitter 71, and also displays the image on a television 70.  The sound from the video conferencing terminal 63 is output to a television 70, an audio mixer 64, or speakers 65 and is removed from the audio mixer 64, ceiling microphone 67, lavalier microphone 68, or microphone system 66.  If necessary, additional televisions 114 are connected to the video conferencing terminal 63, and monitors 115 are connected to the additional video splitter 71.  Microphone system 66 consists of a microphone base and a set of microphones used in video conferencing.  Ceiling microphone 67 captures sound throughout the audience in which it is installed, and lapel microphone 68 is a device for capturing sound from an individual participant.  Additional speakers 88 are used to output sound from a personal computer 79.  During operation, it is possible to switch between the three video sources (HD camera of the video conferencing terminal 63, camera 69, personal computer 79), transmitting and receiving images, sound and other materials.  The video conferencing terminal 63 is connected to remote subscribers in a point-to-point and multi-point mode both directly and through a video conferencing server 57.  The personal computer 79 is connected to the Internet via communication channels 4 and receives information in the form of images from a document camera 87 and 3D models from a 3D scanner 85, and also exchanges data with a connected interactive whiteboard 77 using specialized software.  The printing of parts and 85 models obtained using the 3D scanner takes place on a connected 86 3D printer.  3D - scanner 85 allows you to shoot a three-dimensional model of objects of various sizes with subsequent processing and editing on a personal computer 79.  3D printer 86 enables the autonomous printing of models created on a personal computer 79 and obtained using a 3D scanner 85.  The document camera 87 scans images with subsequent processing and editing on a personal computer 79.  As the document camera 87, a portable, stationary or ceiling camera may be used.  Interactive board 77 is used to work with text, presentations, graphics, documents, while providing simultaneous multi-point communication with the connection of several interactive whiteboards or interactive tablets.  Thanks to the use of an interactive whiteboard, it is possible to demonstrate an image (video, slide presentation, diagrams, graphics, photographs or something else) and quickly manage this demonstration, draw attention to some recording points and save ideas that arise during the discussion, which allows the most rationally organize the time, easily cope with any emerging tasks and effectively conduct any event.  The video signal from the personal computer 79 diverges through an additional video splitter 71 and is transmitted to the video conferencing terminal 63, the projector 75, the interactive projector 76, the monitor 73, the interactive monitor 74, and the video wall 72.  Sound is output to additional speakers 88.  The projector 75 displays the image on an interactive whiteboard 77, allowing interaction with materials and drawing on it.  Interactive projector 76 displays the image on the screen 78, providing the opportunity to interact with materials and drawing on it.  Video wall 72 is an assembled system of multiple output devices showing a single image.  The expansion of the capabilities of the integrated distance learning system for piloting aircraft, integrated testing and video conferencing is provided by connecting additional projectors 119 to an additional video splitter 71, and additional interactive whiteboards 120 to a personal computer 79, as well as when connecting an interactive tablet 121 to a personal computer 79.  When using specialized software, the personal computer 79 provides participation in a video conference with two-way transmission of image, sound and other materials.  An additional flight simulator 80, a dispatcher workstation 81, an additional dispatcher workstation 82, an additional flight simulator 83 and an additional simulator 84 are connected to the Internet through communication channels 4 and are a comprehensive solution for distance learning to pilot aircraft both in stand-alone and in network modes (they can be combined into a single chain with the elements of block 5, block 6, block 7), which will allow to organize group flights and air battles.  The installed software allows you to simulate control of various types of aircraft and form tasks for participants from simple piloting lessons to long flights in difficult conditions.  To optimize the administration of video conferencing and use a wide range of functionality, the components of the interactive unit 2 usually interact with the server unit 1.  Information node 3 is designed for webcasting with online chat video conferencing, the process of training and competitions for piloting aircraft and works in conjunction with the webcast server 59, providing the transmission of image, sound and other materials, has the ability to configure the outgoing stream in the ratio of speed -quality and allows you to conduct parallel online chat with users and listeners.  The additional video conferencing terminal 90, included in the information node 3, is connected to the video conferencing using communication channels 4, and is its full participant.  He receives the image, sound and other materials from other subscribers of the video conference and transmits this information to the decoder 91, which is the connecting component between the additional personal computer 92 and the additional terminal 90 video conferencing.  The decoder 91 converts information from the analog signal received from the additional video conferencing terminal 90 into a digital signal for the additional personal computer 92.  The coding software installed on the additional personal computer 92 decrypts and processes the signal, transmitting it via the local Ethernet network to the Internet broadcast server 59 and providing parallel online chat with blocks of 8, 9 users and listeners, respectively.  To connect to a single information network and participate in a video conference, users use individual sets of equipment selected on the basis of the tasks, conditions and their own capabilities.  The second additional video conferencing terminal 94 operates in a point-to-point and multipoint mode both autonomously and in conjunction with a video conferencing server 57, supporting two-way transmission of image, sound, graphic materials and documents.  The second additional personal computer 95 serves to transmit images, sound, graphics, documents and other materials to the second additional video conferencing terminal 94.  If necessary, an additional interactive whiteboard 122 of the user unit 8 and the interactive object 102 can be connected to the second additional personal computer 95.  The secondary television 97 reproduces the image, sound and other information from the second secondary video conferencing terminal 94.  The second additional speakers 96 serve to output sound from the second additional personal computer 95 or the second additional video conferencing terminal 94.  The mobile video conferencing terminal 98 supports connection via communication channels 4, is small in size, and its housing is shockproof, which allows it to be used in the field under the possible action of mechanical disturbances.  The mobile video conferencing terminal 98 is used to demonstrate in detail the individual nodes and structural elements and is connected to the video conferencing server 57 or other devices.  Having installed additional specialized software, the remote subscriber uses a stylus or a touch of a finger to create diagrams and explanations on the touch screen, transmitting this information along with the video stream.  Mobile video conferencing complex 99 is connected to the network via communication channels 4 and is a technical solution for offline video conferencing in the field, for example, in a video conferencing mode, it can demonstrate aircraft nodes, elements of a real aircraft, and radio engineering to remote subscribers from hangars, airfields, command and control centers equipment, making the most obvious theoretical training for students in piloting aircraft.  The terminal of the mobile video conferencing complex 99 is connected to the video conferencing server 57 and other devices, supporting two-way transmission of image, sound, graphic materials and documents.  The IP telephone 100 connects to video conferencing conducted on the video conferencing server 57, and also calls other remote subscribers.  The third additional personal computer 101 is connected to the video conferencing server 57 using specialized software, or through a client server 56.  Together with the interactive object 102 or other similar device, the third additional personal computer 101 participates in multipoint conferences with simultaneous processing of information by several remote subscribers.  In the event that the interactive object 102 is an interactive whiteboard of a block of 8 users, this makes it possible to work with text, graphics, documents, while providing simultaneous multi-point communication with the connection of several interactive whiteboards or tablets.  In that case, if an interactive tablet is used as the interactive object 102, then it is possible to perform the same functions that the interactive whiteboard has with smaller sizes and greater mobility.  Mobile device 104, with specialized software, is connected to video conferencing server 57 via communication channels 4.  The functionality of participating in a videoconference is determined by the characteristics of the device, namely, the version of the operating system used by the software and its settings, as well as the screen size.  A tablet computer 103, complete with a headset and a webcam with specialized software installed, is a full-fledged participant in a video conference when connected to server block 1.  A tablet computer has a set of functions similar to the set of functions of a personal computer, and has the ability to connect interactive whiteboards to a multipoint conference using additional equipment.  Listeners have the opportunity to work in real time and in the recording mode of Internet broadcasts with support for online chat.  When using specialized software, students can act as participants in video conferencing.  The fourth additional personal computer 108 is used to receive images, sound, graphics, documents and other materials, and the third additional speakers 109 are designed to output sound from the fourth additional computer 108.  Additional tablet computer 107 and mobile device 106 are used to receive images, sound, graphics, documents and other materials.  By means of these devices (106, 107, 108), it is possible to communicate via online chat.  Communication channels 4 are selected by subscribers taking into account external conditions and tasks.  The terrestrial channel of the local Ethernet computing network provides the highest speed, stability of connection and maximum quality of communication, wireless Wi-Fi and 4G channels are used for using mobile devices without reference to specific points of communication, and the satellite channel allows video conferencing in the field.  The overload reproducing unit 18 reproduces the overloads acting on the pilot during the flight tasks during takeoff, landing, aerobatics and other maneuvers.  Before the start of the flight mission, the dispatcher sets the laws of the change in time of the overloads acting on the pilot during the execution of certain maneuvers and corresponding to the parameters of the aircraft’s movement on the trajectory.  The laws of changes in congestion over time are generated on the server 14 of the calculation module.  In the block 110 for generating threshold values, threshold (limit) levels of the readings of the pilots state sensors 117 are formed, with each of which, after a predetermined time interval (5-10 seconds), the current readings of the pilots state sensors 117 are compared in the block of comparison of indicators.  The coveralls 116 of the pilot is a suit (an element of the pilot’s clothing) made of a dense material with hermetic inner chambers located along the legs, sleeves and the chest area of the pilot.  Jumpsuit 116 is worn by the pilot before the start of the flight mission and is fastened with a zipper located in front.  The overalls 116 of the pilot is configured to be connected via valves to the air supply system 115.  After fastening with shoulder harnesses, the pilot connects the jumpsuit 116 to the air supply system 115.  To obtain reliable data on the pilot’s physical condition during the flight mission and the pilot’s sensations during overloads, sensors 117 of his physical condition are installed on his body (pulse, pressure, temperature sensors).  After checking the tightness of all connections, the pilot proceeds with the flight mission.  After the start of the flight mission, the program independently controls each phase of the flight, calculates the corresponding overloads and calculates the parameters of the next maneuver of the aircraft.  The program allows you to transfer data on the corresponding overloads to the pressure regulator 112 in 0.5-1 seconds ahead and start the air supply system 115 in the chambers of the coveralls 116 of the pilot, as a result of which pressure is created in the chambers, they inflate and compress the pilot's body.  The pilot's senses at this time correspond to a specific phase of the flight and altitude at a given type of aircraft.  At the cessation of maneuvers (climb, descent, aerobatics, etc. ) the system transmits a signal about the normal flight mode, the air supply stops, and the air available in the chambers is discharged.  Upon receipt of a signal from the pressure controller 112 about the overload values at this stage of the flight, the pressure controller 113 is turned on and sends a command to the compressor 114, which, in turn, creates the corresponding pressure in the pilot’s overall 116 through the air supply system 115.  If necessary, the pilot during the execution of the flight mission has the ability to interrupt the process of forming overloads by using a chopper 118 of the air supply system 115.  Information signals from the outputs of the sensors 117 state of the pilot are fed to the block 111 comparison, in which they are compared with the specified threshold values.  The information received from the sensors 117 of the pilot’s state is duplicated on the server 14 of the calculation module, in parallel, all information about the progress of the flight mission, overloads and the physical condition of the pilot at each specific point in the time interval is transmitted to additional servers 60 of the server block 1 through communication channels 4.  When parsing a flight mission, this information may be available for analysis in the required format.  All information through communication channels 4 is sent to the dispatcher server 48, which outputs data to additional dispatcher visualization means 50.  For each flight mission in the software, the corresponding limit values of the parameters of the physical condition of the pilot are entered, the excess of which is indicated by a red signal (the red button with a digital indicator lights up) on additional visualization tools 50.  Analyzing indicators of exceeding the limit parameters of the pilot’s physical condition, the dispatcher makes a decision either to change the flight mission and reduce the corresponding level of overloads, or to terminate the flight.  Optional interactive whiteboard 122, televisions 123, and monitors 124 allow you to expand the range of operational capabilities, and uninterruptible power supplies 19, 38, 55, 61, 62, 89, 93 and 105 provide uninterrupted power to all elements of the system, guaranteeing the safe operation of individual units and systems in whole.

When using the integrated distance learning system for piloting aircraft, integrated testing and video conferencing, the general integration of various components (flight simulators, flight simulators, dispatcher workstations, remote workstations for teachers, remote subscribers and others) is ensured in a single technical solution, creating a single information space and connecting to him additional users and jobs, flight simulators and flight simulators, expanding operational in zmozhnostey devices used, the optimization process of conducting video conferences and ensuring high performance operation of the system by increasing the number of remote users, and minimum requirements for the online channel, and equipment.

Claims (10)

1. An integrated distance learning system for piloting aircraft, integrated testing and video conferencing, which includes a specialized server block, an interactive block, an information node, and a flight simulator block, a flight simulator block, a dispatcher block, a user block, and a block connected to them via communication channels students, while the block of flight simulators includes a group of flight simulators, each of which includes at least a visualization server , analog-to-digital converter, video splitter, calculation module server, dashboard server connected to the video splitter, multichannel projection visualization system connected to the visualization server, additional visualization servers, overload playback unit, uninterruptible power supply unit for the flight simulator, flight simulator body installed in the flight simulator it seats the first and second pilots with shoulder harnesses, parachutes and vibration elements connected e to the server of the calculation module, a system for simulating vibration effects, a system for simulating acoustic noise, a radio communication system for a first pilot, a radio communication system for a second pilot, additional radio communication systems, devices for remote visual control of pilots, additionally connected to the video splitter means for visualizing the dashboard of the first pilot, visualization for the dashboard co-pilot, a local visualization tool for the instrument panel dashboard, additional visualization tools for the instrument pilot panels, multichannel visualization system connected to the visualization server, additional multichannel visualization systems connected to additional visualization servers, control tools connected to the analog-to-digital converter, additionally connected to the calculation module server, the flight simulator block includes a group of flight simulators, each of which includes at least a flight simulator pilot seat, uninterruptible power supply connected to the flight simulator elements a flight simulator connected to an electronic computer, a flight simulator pilot visualization tool, additional flight simulator pilot visualization tools, control levers, pedals, a head position scanner additionally connected to a head position sensor, a pilot vibration system and a flight simulator pilot radio communication system, a dispatcher unit contains a dispatcher server , dispatcher visualization tools connected to it, additional dispatcher visualization tools, remote visualization tool p dashboard, dispatcher’s radio communication system, dispatcher’s server management tools, local visual control devices for pilots and an uninterruptible power supply unit for the dispatcher’s block connected to the elements of the dispatcher’s block, the server’s block includes a client server, video conferencing server, content server, Internet broadcast server, additional servers and an uninterruptible power supply for the server block connected to its elements, the interactive block includes an uninterruptible power supply for the interactive about a unit connected to its elements, a video conferencing terminal, an audio mixer connected to it, speakers, a microphone system, a ceiling microphone and a lapel microphone, a camera, a TV, an additional video splitter, a video wall, a monitor, an interactive monitor, a projector, an interactive projector, an interactive whiteboard, a screen , personal computer, additional flight simulator, dispatcher workstation, additional dispatcher workstation, additional flight simulator, additional simulator and connected to a personal computer 3D scanner, 3D printer, document camera and additional columns, the information node includes an uninterruptible power supply for the information node connected to its elements, an additional video conferencing terminal, a decoder and an additional personal computer, the user unit includes a source uninterruptible power supply of a user unit connected to its elements, as well as a second additional video conferencing terminal connected to communication channels with a second connected to it an additional personal computer, second additional speakers and an additional television, and / or a mobile video conferencing terminal, and / or a mobile video conferencing complex, and / or an IP telephone, and / or a third additional personal computer with an interactive object connected to it, and / or a tablet computer, and / or a mobile device, the listener unit includes an uninterruptible power supply for the listener unit, connected to its elements, and an additional mobile device connected to communication channels your, and / or an additional tablet computer, and / or a fourth additional personal computer with third additional speakers connected to it, the overload playback unit includes a threshold generation unit and a comparison unit, series-connected, series-connected pressure regulator, pressure controller, compressor , the air supply system, the pilot's overalls with the sensors of the state of the pilot placed in it, while the air supply system has a breaker, pressure regulator optionally connected to an analog-to-digital converter, the threshold generation unit is additionally connected to the calculation module server, the outputs of the pilot status sensors are connected to the calculation module server and to the corresponding inputs of the comparison module, additionally connected to the calculation module server, the speakers are connected to the video conferencing terminal and to the audio mixer , microphone system, ceiling microphone and lavalier microphone are connected to the audio mixer and to the video conferencing terminal, which additionally dinen with a camera, a TV and an additional video splitter, the video wall, monitor, interactive monitor, projector and interactive projector are additionally connected to the additional video splitter, the personal computer is additionally connected to the additional video splitter and the interactive whiteboard, all elements of the server block, video conferencing terminal, personal computer, additional flight simulator, dispatcher workstation, additional dispatcher workstation, additional flight simulator, additional simulator ery, an additional video conferencing terminal, an additional personal computer are connected to communication channels, all the servers of each flight simulator, an overload playback unit, an electronic computer and a dispatcher server are installed with the ability to connect to communication channels, and groups of flight simulators and / or flight simulators and / or a dispatcher block located near and / or at a distance from each other. 2. The integrated system according to claim 1, in which the communication channels are a local area network Ethernet, Wi-Fi, 4G or satellite communication channel. 3. The integrated system according to claim 1, which is equipped with additional projectors and additional interactive whiteboards, while additional projectors are connected to an additional video splitter, and additional interactive whiteboards to a personal computer. 4. The integrated system according to claim 1, which is equipped with an interactive tablet connected to a personal computer and an additional interactive whiteboard of the user unit connected to the second additional personal computer. 5. The integrated system according to claim 1, which is equipped with additional televisions connected to a video conferencing terminal, monitors connected to an additional video splitter, while the second additional personal computer is connected to an interactive object. 6. The integrated system of claim 1, wherein the housing of the mobile video conferencing terminal is impact resistant. 7. The integrated system according to claim 1, wherein the document camera is a portable, stationary or ceiling camera, and the interactive object is an interactive tablet of a user unit or an interactive whiteboard of a user unit. 8. The integrated system according to claim 1, in which the second additional speakers are installed with the ability to connect to a second additional personal computer. 9. The integrated system of claim 1, wherein the multi-channel projection visualization system is a group of projection screens and a group of second additional projectors connected to the visualization server. 10. The integrated system according to claim 1, in which the body of the flight simulator is a cockpit of a real aircraft or a full-scale body of a sports training aircraft.

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