RU2701644C1 - Method of attracting and capturing of the male pests of theresimima ampellophaga - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to protection of agricultural and ornamental crops against insect pests, namely, from Theresimima ampellophaga. Synthetic sexual attractant sec-butyl dodecene-2-oate is applied on rubber dispensers placed in adhesive delta-traps with replaceable sticky plates. Working active ingredient is represented by a concentrate of the synthetic sexual attractant sec-butyl dodecene-2-oate with 87 % of the basic substance in dose of 100 mcl. Single application of attractant on dispensers in the form of rubber plugs with a hole with inner diameter of 1 cm and depth of 0.5 cm is carried out. Holding is carried out at room temperature for 72–96 hours. Method includes fastening into cardboard rectangular strips sized 25×70 mm and fixation in adhesive delta-traps at height of 4–5 cm from adhesive plate.

EFFECT: higher efficiency of attracting and catching male pests, wider active range and prolonged attractant action.

1 cl, 2 tbl, 3 ex

Description

The invention relates to methods for attracting and trapping the male pest Theresimima ampellophaga using synthetic sex attractants.

The increasing intensity of environmental pollution, as well as a decrease in the quality of agricultural products due to the active use of pesticides, stimulated the development and implementation of biological methods for controlling and controlling the number of pests in plant protection practice. A relatively safe and selective method of pest control is the use of pheromones and their synthetic analogues, sex attractants, which are actively searched for in a number of leading scientific institutions of the Russian Federation and abroad (Grichanov I.Ya., Ovsyannikova E.I. Pheromones for phytosanitary monitoring of harmful Lepidoptera. St. Petersburg - Pushkin: VIZR RAAS; 2005: 244).

Theresimima ampellophaga (Bayle-Barelle, 1808) from the Procridinae subfamily of the family Zygaenidae (Lepidoptera) is a pest of viticulture in the Mediterranean region, including in southern Russia (Southern Crimea and the North Caucasus). Large populations were found not only in industrial and abandoned vineyards of the Crimea, but also in subtropical parks of the southern coast of Crimea, where the pest moved from its typical habitat and began to multiply uncontrollably, feeding on a decorative type of grape - a hybrid of the attached Maiden’s and five-leafed Virgin’s grapes (Parthenocissus inserta × P. quinquefolia) (Efetov KA The Zygaenidae (Lepidoptera) of the Crimea and other regions of Eurasia. Simferopol: CSMU Press; 2005: 420). Since pesticide treatment of pest habitats in the resort and recreation zone is not possible, there was an uncontrolled increase in its biomass. Under these conditions, the use of chemoattraction tactics for detecting, monitoring seasonal population dynamics, trapping and optimizing pest control appears promising in an integrated plant protection system taking into account modern environmental protection requirements.

There is a known method of attracting and trapping male pests of Theresimima ampellophaga, which consists in placing pheromone traps with natural sex pheromone in (2R) -butyl- (7Z) -tetradecenoate in potential biotopes of a pest, which in an amount of 100 μg are applied to rubber stoppers fixed in transparent plastic delta traps with sticky removable layers (Subchev M., Harizanov A., Francke W. et al. Sex pheromone of the female vine bud moth, Theresimima ampellophaga composed (2S) -butyl (7Z) -tetradecenoate. Journal of Chemical Ecology. 1998; 24 (7): 1141-1151; Journal of Chemical Ecology. 1999; 25 (5): 1203; erratum, i.e. corrected to (2R) -butyl (7Z) -tetradecenoate).

The disadvantages of this method are its complexity associated with the preparation of pheromone bait, for which natural pheromone must either be extracted with hexane from the pheromone glands of virgin females pre-grown under artificial conditions, or multistage (7-8 stages) stereoselective synthesis of a structural analog with a relatively high cost is carried out in particular through the use of (R) and (S) enantiomers of butanol-2.

A known method of attracting and trapping male pest Theresimima ampellophaga using a synthetic sex attractant obtained from sec-butyl alcohol and fish oil (Efetov K.A., Kucherenko E.E., Parshkova E.V. Use of fish oil as a source of polyunsaturated fatty acids to obtain the sexual attractant Procridinae (Lepidoptera: Zygaenidae). Tauride Medical and Biological Bulletin. 2016; 19 (1): 34-39).

The disadvantage of this method is the low attracting activity of the synthetic sex attractant against males of Theresimima ampellophaga - from 1 to 3 captured males per trap at the height of the summer of the pest, the difficulty of determining the beginning of summer and the mass release of the pest, the impossibility of using this method to capture the pest in order to reduce its number and the development of environmentally sound methods of dealing with it.

For the first time Efetov K.A. The idea was proposed for the synthesis of butanol-2 ester and dodecenoic acid having attractive properties against Theresimima ampellophaga, which is sec-butyl dodecene-2-oat, which is hereinafter referred to as the synthetic sexual attractant EFETOV-2.

As a prototype, the method of attracting and capturing the male pest Theresimima ampellophaga (Efetov K.A., Parshkova E.V., Baevsky M.Yu., Poddubov A.I. Butanol-2 ester and dodecenoic acid: synthesis and attractive properties was selected. Ukrainian Biochemical Journal. 2014; 86 (6): 175-182), which includes the use of sec-butyl dodecene-2-oate as an attracting agent, the synthetic sexual attractant EFETOV-2, which is dissolved in hexane in the ratio 1: 1, after which the solution in a dose of 100 μl is applied at least 3 times on round rubber discs, finished baits are fixed adhesive delta traps with removable sticky plates that are mounted on a grape plant at a height of 1.0-1.5 m. Thus, the attractant formulation is a hexane solution of sec-butyl dodecene-2-oata, the synthetic sex attractant EFETOV-2 in dose of 300 μl.

The disadvantages of this method are the low catchability of traps due to the use of the above attractant formulation, the difficulty in determining the beginning of summer and the mass release of the pest, the low efficiency in catching male pests and studying the seasonal dynamics of the number of pests, the inability to establish favorable terms for the use of insecticides in conditions of agrobiocenoses, which is not allows you to optimize the fight with him.

A patent information search in the Russian Federation, countries of near and far abroad did not reveal ways to attract and capture males of the pest Theresimima ampellophaga with significant features of the proposed method.

Based on the above prior art, when attracting and trapping male Theresimima ampellophaga pests using synthetic sex attractants, the problem is to achieve high efficiency, increase the active radius of action and the prolonged nature of the action.

The development of a method for attracting and catching male Theresimima ampellophaga pests through the use of a new preparative form of the synthetic sex attractant vgaor-butyldodecene-2-oata with increased attracting activity, longer duration of action, and ease of manufacture allows optimizing the control of the pest and solving the above problem.

The technical result consists in increasing the efficiency of attracting and capturing the male pest Theresimima ampellophaga.

The technical result is achieved by selecting the optimal dose of the active substance - synthetic sex attractant EFETOV-2 and using a new formulation of the attractant in the form of a concentrate of sec-butyl dodecene-2-oate, which has high biological attractiveness for male pests Theresimima ampellophaga, with an active radius of action of up to 1 , 5-2 km and prolonged action.

It is proposed, as in the prototype, to use a synthetic sex attractant sec-butyl dodecene-2-oat applied to rubber dispensers placed in adhesive delta traps with removable sticky plates.

The inventive method of attracting and capturing the male pest Theresimima ampellophaga was developed for the first time.

The essence of the claimed invention lies in the fact that in the method of attracting and capturing the male pest Theresimima ampellophaga by using a synthetic sex attractant sec-butyl dodecene-2-oata, applied to rubber dispensers placed in adhesive delta traps with removable adhesive plates according to the invention, As the active active ingredient, a synthetic sex attractant concentrate sec-butyl dodecene-2-oate is used with a basic substance content of 87% in a dose of 100 μl, which is applied once on dispensers in the form of rubber stoppers with a hole with an internal diameter of 1 cm and a depth of 0.5 cm, kept at room temperature for 72-96 hours, then fixed in cardboard rectangular strips 25 × 70 mm in size and fixed in adhesive delta traps at a height 4-5 cm from the sticky plate.

A causal relationship between the set of essential features and the technical result provided by the invention is as follows: the use of the attractant form in the form of a synthetic sex attractant concentrate emop-butyldodecene-2-oate in a reduced dose of up to 100 μl, applied once to dispensers in the form of rubber stoppers with a hole can significantly increase the catchability of traps used to capture the pest, as well as reliably determine not only the presence of the pest in the biotope, but also promptly establish the beginning of its summer, mass flight, study the seasonal dynamics of the number of pests, recommend the most effective terms for the use of insecticides in conditions of agrobiocenoses, which in general helps to optimize the control of the pest Theresimima ampellophaga.

The method is as follows.

The synthetic sex attractant sec-butyl dodecene-2-oat is synthesized according to the method described in the prototype.

A synthetic sex attractant concentrate sec-butyl dodecene-2-oate with a basic substance content of 87% in a dose of 100 μl is applied once to dispensers in the form of rubber stoppers with a hole with an inner diameter of 1 cm and a depth of 0.5 cm, for example, use plugs from penicillin vesicles .

After complete adsorption at room temperature for 72-96 hours, the dispensers are fixed in cardboard rectangular strips 25 × 70 mm in size, which are finished baits.

The baits are fixed in adhesive transparent plastic delta traps with removable sticky plates with a diameter of 10 × 15 cm at a distance of 4-5 cm from the adhesive surface. If long-term storage is required, rubber stoppers with attractant, for example, can be packed in foil and placed in the freezer.

Traps are set in a biotope on a grape plant or other support at an altitude of 1-1.5 m from the ground. At a distance of not less than 10 m, a control trap is placed containing a cardboard rectangular strip with a rubber stopper that is not impregnated with an attractant.

The inventive method is illustrated by the following examples.

Example 1

The tests were carried out in the natural biotope of the pest Theresimima ampellophaga in an abandoned vineyard near s. Radiant (okrug. Alushta, South Coast of Crimea) in 2015 from May 19 to August 7. Traps were established in the biotope long before the beginning of the summer of the pest. Bait was prepared containing different doses of the synthetic sex attractant sec-butyl dodecene-2-oata: 200 μl, 100 μl, 10 μl, 1 μl. In addition, a control trap containing a rubber stopper not impregnated with an attractant was hung in the biotope. Five trap variants were placed randomly, and the distance between them was at least 10 m. The traps were regularly checked. Replacement of sticky plates was carried out in the presence of captured insects on them.

Table 1 shows the comparative attractiveness of the baits with different doses of the synthetic sex attractant sec-butyl dodecene-2-oata for the male pest Theresimima ampellophaga.

Table 1

Note: the * indicates the dates of installation and removal of traps.

The results obtained, presented in table 1, allow us to judge the effectiveness of the bait by the total number of captured males of this pest in the trap.

As can be seen from table 1, increasing the dose of attractant twice with 100 μl to 200 μl reduces the attraction of male pests by 6.7 times. The average trap catch value decreases from 2,175 males / trap / day to 0,325 males / trap / day. A ten-fold decrease in the attractant dose from 100 μl to 10 μl reduces the attraction of male pests by 18.4 times. The average value of the trap catch drops from 2.175 male / trap / day to 0.118 male / trap / day.

The above results indicate that the proposed dose of a synthetic sex attractant sec-butyl dodecene-2-oate in 100 μl is the most optimal for a significant increase in the attracting ability of the attractant.

Example 2

Tests have been conducted aimed at studying the duration of the attractive effect of baits according to the claimed method in biotopes, where the pest Theresimima ampellophaga gives the second generation.

The tests were conducted in the south of Albania from June to September 2017 in four vineyards in the okrug. Saranda, Fier, Vlore. In addition to the negative control - traps without baits, the positive control - traps with natural pheromone of the female pest Theresimima ampellophaga (Subchev M., Harizanov A., Francke W. et al. Sex pheromone of the female vine bud moth, Theresimima ampellophaga complete (25) -butyl (7Z) -tetradecenoate. Journal of Chemical Ecology. 1998; 24 (7): 1141-1151); Journal of Chemical Ecology. 1999; 25 (5): 1203; erratum, i.e. corrected to (2R) -butyl (7Z) -tetradecenoate).

Males of the second generation of the pest Theresimima ampellophaga in September 2017 were attracted and captured only by the declared method. At the same time, control traps with natural pheromone were empty, which proves the prolonged action of baits with a new preparative form of the synthetic sex attractant sec-butyl dodecene-2-oate, and, accordingly, the higher efficiency of the claimed method. There is no need to update the bait within 3-4 months, as a result of which the process of controlling the pest is greatly simplified and cheapened.

Example 3

Tests of the claimed method aimed at determining the active radius of the bait. The tests were carried out about with. Country (okrug. Sudak, Southern coast of Crimea) in May - July 2014. Experimental traps with declared baits were installed at a distance of 1.5-2 km from industrial vineyards in a biotope atypical for the pest Theresimima ampellophaga, a mixed forest. A positive control was traps placed in natural pest biotopes in industrial vineyards. In each observation site there were traps without baits as a negative control.

Table 2 shows the number of captured male Theresimima ampellophaga pests in different biotopes.

From the data given in table 2, it follows that the proposed method has a sufficiently large radius of action and even at a considerable distance from the natural biotopes of the pest Theresimima ampellophaga allows you to track the beginning of its summer and mass departure.

Note: the * indicates the dates of installation and removal of traps.

This makes it possible to reliably detect the presence of a pest in potential biotopes and to timely combat it.

The distinctive features of the proposed method for attracting and trapping male Theresimima ampellophaga pests from the prototype are the use of a reduced dose of the synthetic sex attractant EFETOV-2 and a new preparative form of the attractant, which is a concentrate of sec-butyl dodecene-2-oate, and not a hexane solution.

The inventive method is characterized by a higher attractiveness of the baits, manifested in a larger number of attracted male pests of Theresimima ampellophaga, a lower rate of attractant consumption, prolonged action and a large active radius of action; allows you to reliably determine the beginning of summer, mass departure, the dynamics of the number of pests and establish the most optimal time for the use of insecticides in conditions of agrobiocenoses.

The proposed method for attracting and catching male Theresimima ampellophaga pests is technically simple, highly effective, and can be successfully used to control the number of pests both in the territories of agrobiocenoses and in the park zone, for example, subtropical parks of the Southern Coast of Crimea. The application of the proposed method in industrial vineyards will help to identify the pest, as well as timely signal the time of the beginning of the fight against it. The method allows to improve the protection system of agricultural and ornamental crops from the pest Theresimima ampellophaga.

Claims (1)

The method of attracting and trapping the male pest Theresimima ampellophaga by using a synthetic sex attractant sec-butyl dodecene-2-oata applied to rubber dispensers placed in adhesive delta traps with removable sticky plates, characterized in that synthetic genital concentrate is used as the active active component attractant sec-butyl dodecene-2-oate with a basic substance content of 87% in a dose of 100 μl, which is applied once to dispensers in the form of rubber stoppers with a hole with an internal di meter 1 cm and a depth of 0.5 cm, maintained at room temperature for 72-96 hours, then fixed in a cardboard rectangular strips measuring 25 × 70 mm and fixed with adhesive in a delta trap at a height of 4-5 cm from the adhesive plate.