RU2700826C1 - Simulator for direct cardiac massage - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medicine.

SUBSTANCE: invention refers to medicine, namely to training equipment, and can be used for development and consolidation of skills of direct cardiac massage. Simulator for direct cardiac massage represents a chest model, the size and proportions of which are similar to that of an adult. In the model there is a longitudinal incision of the sternum with a limiting material forming a surgical field. Analogue of the heart is attached to the operating field in the form of a silicone mold corresponding to dimensions and proportions of the heart, and a screwing mechanism, where the case is attached, with a built-in microchip. On the inner side of the heart analogue, a sensor is rigidly fixed from above, consisting of two positively and negatively charged contacts, wires from which pass into the screwing mechanism, and a conductor above the sensor, fixed in a silicon mold. Distance between sensor and conductor does not exceed 2 mm. On the inner side of the heart analogue there are two aluminum plates opposing each other, one plate – on the lower side of the heart analogue, and other – on upper side of sensor, with soldered to them wires, going to screwing mechanism. Microcircuit has a usb-module connected to a personal computer.

EFFECT: invention provides higher absorption and reinforcement of cardiac resuscitation skills by trainees and medical personnel in direct cardiac massage ensured by the simulator connection to a personal computer, which allows calculating the frequency and interval of pressing.

1 cl, 6 dwg

Description

The invention relates to medicine, namely to teaching equipment, and can be used to master and consolidate the skills of direct heart massage.

Today, an average of 18.5 million people die from diseases of the cardiovascular system per year. Such diseases include coronary heart disease, deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism and congenital heart disease, which are treated mainly by surgery. In addition, diseases of the cardiovascular system tend to “get younger”. The most dangerous situation for a person is cardiac arrest. When it stops for more than 5 minutes, irreversible brain death begins. To maintain blood circulation in conditions of cardiac arrest, as well as with severe bradycardia, an artificial heart massage is performed, which is divided into direct and indirect heart massage. Indirect cardiac massage is one of the basic resuscitation measures, at the same time, direct cardiac massage is performed only in operating rooms with a number of indications:

1. heart surgery is performed;

2. there was a hypothermia of the body;

3. there was an air embolism;

4. There is no possibility to conduct an indirect heart massage.

It should also be noted that direct cardiac massage has several limitations: it can only be performed in the operating room; a person must have appropriate skills; the need to control the force of pressing; the need to control the frequency of clicks is similar to the natural heart rate, but initially the frequency of clicks should be 1.5 times higher; direct cardiac massage is carried out mainly only under artificial lung ventilation.

Known simulators for practicing cardiopulmonary resuscitation techniques, such as Maxim 1, Maxim 1-01, Gosh, etc. (Access mode: https://balama.ru/stendy-uchebnye-posobiya-i-trenazhery/trenazhery-serdechno -legochnoj-i-mozgovoj-reanimacii / trenazhery-maksim. Date of access 11.03.2019).

The disadvantages of the known simulators is the lack of training and the implementation of skills directly direct massage of the heart, as these simulators are designed to provide first aid and first aid. In turn, direct cardiac massage is performed, as a rule, during cardiac arrest during surgery, or when other methods are not effective enough.

The objectives of the present invention is the need to consolidate resuscitation skills, learning how to directly massage the heart, and adherence to a frequency similar to heart contractions.

The technical result consists in providing increased learning and reinforcing by students and medical personnel of cardiac resuscitation skills during direct cardiac massage by connecting the simulator to a personal computer (PC), which allows you to calculate the frequency and interval of pressing.

The essence of the invention lies in the fact that the simulator for direct cardiac massage is a model of the chest, the size and proportions of which are similar to the physique of an adult. A longitudinal section of the sternum was made in the mockup, with the bounding material inside it forming the surgical field. An analog of the heart is attached to the surgical field in the form of a silicone mold corresponding to the size and proportions of the heart, and a screw-in mechanism, where the case is attached, with a microcircuit integrated into it. A sensor consisting of two positively and negatively charged contacts, wires from which pass into the screw-in mechanism, and a conductor above the sensor, fixed in silicone form, are rigidly fixed on top of the inside of the heart analog. The distance between the sensor and the conductor does not exceed 2 mm. On the inner side of the heart analog there are two aluminum plates opposed to each other, one plate on the lower side of the heart analog, and the other on the upper side of the sensor, with wires soldered to them, leading to the screw-in mechanism. The microcircuit has a usb module connected to a personal computer.

In FIG. 1 shows a general view of the simulator, FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of the simulator; FIG. 3 is a top view of the simulator, in FIG. 4 is a view of a program at startup, in FIG. 5 is a view of a program in training mode; FIG. 6 - view of the program when calculating the results.

The simulator for direct heart massage is a model of the chest 1 (Fig. 1), the size and proportions of which are similar to the physique of an adult. In layout 1, a longitudinal section of the sternum 2 was made with the bounding material inside it, forming the surgical field 3, to which the analog of the heart 4 is attached in the form of a silicone shape corresponding to the size and proportion of the heart. A case is attached to the screwing mechanism 5 (Fig. 2), with a microcircuit 6 integrated in it (Fig. 3). The screwing mechanism 5 connects the heart analog 4 to the upper region 7. On the inside of the heart analog 4, a sensor 8 is rigidly fixed on top, consisting of two positively and negatively charged contacts 9 and 10 located in close proximity to each other, but not in contact with each other and conductor 11 above them. The distance between the contacts 9 and 10 and the conductor 11 does not exceed 2 mm. The wires from the contacts 9, 10 go into the screwing mechanism 5 with the microcircuit integrated in it 6. On the inner side of the heart analog 4 there are two aluminum plates 12 and 13 with the contacts mounted to them, passing to the microcircuit 6, the plates are opposed to each other. One plate 12 is on the lower side of the analogue of the heart 4, and the other plate 13 is on the upper side of the sensor 8. The contact of these plates 12 and 13 means that the analogue of the heart 4 is pressed too hard, which, when using the program, completes the training and puts the program on the counting screen. The simulator has holes 13 and 14 (Fig. 3), necessary to maintain the necessary pressure when pressed. The heart analog 4 has a USB module, which is necessary for tracking frequency and accuracy via a PC (not shown in the drawing) and a computer program developed for this simulator that records the frequency, accuracy and duration of presses and pauses. The simulator can be used in a movable position (that is, without a mock chest 1). The advantages of the claimed simulator is its mobility and the ability to use its functions using a PC and usb module. When you click on the analogue of the heart 4, the contact of the conductor 10 with the contacts of the sensor 8 and 9 occurs, which leads to circuit closure, as a result of which it is possible to register a click on the simulator.

A simulator for direct cardiac massage works as follows.

The program (heardclick) (Fig. 4), created specifically for this simulator, has a circular indicator, as well as a number of user settings. X2 is an icon that means resizing the circular indicator twice. This function is necessary for more convenient use of the circular indicator, since the larger the circle, the greater the speed of narrowing and widening of the circle. Hold Time. The time between clicks. The number of cycles. Calculation of accuracy for the last steps. Accuracy - active in the simulator mode and shows the degree of compliance of human actions with the entered values. To start the simulator, it is necessary to start resuscitation measures, after which the program goes into simulator mode (Fig. 5). On the circular indicator 2 circles appear: green and orange. The green circle shows the perfect rhythm according to the user's settings. A decrease in the circle means the need to press the simulator, an increase in the circle indicates the duration of the pause between presses. An orange circle indicates user click. Resuscitation is considered successful when there is no distance between the orange and green circles. After passing the specified number of cycles, the program enters the mode of calculating the results (Fig. 6). The user independently selects the number of recent cycles to calculate accuracy. The results look like a table with three columns:

1) action number;

2) delay;

3) release delay.

If you press too hard on the heart analog 4, a table immediately appears, regardless of the remaining cycles. The delay of pressing and releasing is calculated in seconds with an accuracy of 0.001 s. Values can be either positive or negative. A negative value occurs when the simulator is pressed prematurely or released prematurely. A positive value occurs when the action is delayed, the frequency that is specified by the user. To close the table, click on the upper right corner of the table (red X), after which the program will return to the original screen.

Compared with the known solution, the proposed one allows one to increase the assimilation and consolidation of cardiopulmonary resuscitation by students and medical personnel during direct cardiac massage by connecting the simulator to a personal computer (PC), which allows you to calculate the frequency and interval of pressing.

Claims (1)

A simulator for direct heart massage, which is a model of the chest, the size and proportions of which are similar to the physique of an adult, characterized in that the model has a longitudinal section of the sternum, with the limiting material inside it, forming the surgical field, to which the heart analog is attached in the form a silicone mold corresponding to the size and proportions of the heart, and the screw-in mechanism where the case is attached, with a microcircuit integrated in it, is firmly fixed on the inside of the heart analog the sensor consists of two positive and negatively charged contacts, the wires from which pass into the screw-in mechanism, and the conductor above the sensor, fixed in silicone form, the distance between the sensor and the conductor does not exceed 2 mm, also on the inner side of the heart analog there are two aluminum plates opposed to each other, one plate is on the lower side of the heart analog, and the other is on the upper side of the sensor, with wires soldered to them, leading to the screw-in mechanism, and the chip has usb module connected to a personal computer.

Images