RU2697598C1 - Electromagnetic launching device - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: electrical engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to electromagnetic start-up devices, in particular, used in shutoff-starting devices of gas fire extinguishing systems. Proposed device comprises cylindrical housing with cylindrical inner cavity and brass front and rear covers secured thereat. Proposed device comprises coaxially arranged permanent magnet of circular shape, solenoid with core in form of bushing with end edge flanging arranged between constant magnet and end of solenoid coil. Proposed device comprises, in guide holes of front and rear covers, axially movable solenoid rod with anchor secured thereto and arranged between solderoid core end without flanging and front cover thrust surface. Device comprises a spring arranged in a gap between the rear cover, inner surface of the solenoid core and outer surface of the solenoid rod with possibility of elastic action on the anchor washer in the axial direction, and a spacer made of insulating material in the form of a cylindrical bushing and arranged between the housing, the solenoid coil end, the peripheral edge of the solenoid core flanging and the permanent magnet. Cylindrical housing is made with end flanging inside, interacting with permanent magnet, and cylindrical housing, anchor washer, core and solenoid rod are made of electrical steel.

EFFECT: higher efficiency due to reduction of power consumption and weight and size characteristics at simultaneous increase of actuation speed.

1 cl, 1 dwg, 1 tbl

Description

The invention relates to electromagnetic starting devices, in particular, used in locking and starting devices of gas fire extinguishing systems.

A known electromagnetic starting device (UEMP, Passport ПМСА.303313.001 ПС Operating Instructions ПМСА.303313.001 РЭ, LLC Pozhsoyuz, Penza, 2016, p. 3-19). The device is designed to actuate the actuating valves of the fire extinguishing equipment located inside or outside the ground buildings, and consists of a brass body, brass front and rear covers, a spring and a permanent magnet, an anchor washer, a rod, a hollow core solenoid and a starter connection to launched equipment. The back cover may be blind or have a holder for installing a manual cam type backup and a control check. The pulling force of the device is ensured constructively, by installing a spring, a permanent magnet and a rated power solenoid, and during operation additional adjustment is not required.

The known device has high reliability and durability, but at the same time it is very bulky and material-intensive, and also requires a very long (for an extreme situation) electric starting pulse, which in turn slows down the operation of emergency equipment and, as a result, complicates emergency operations.

Closest to the claimed technical solution - the prototype - is an electromagnetic explosion-proof starting device (electromagnetic explosion-proof starting device F1120012, Operating Instructions MEZ-997.000 RE, MEZ Spetsavtomatika CJSC, M., 2013, p. 6-7).

Structurally, the prototype is similar to the previously considered analogue, however, unlike the latter, its elements forming the magnetic circuit: the body, back cover, anchor washer and core are made of high-machinability structural steel by cutting HSMn30 (1.0715) with a nickel coating of 8-10 microns thick, a permanent magnet - from Nd2Fel4B intermetallic with a copper-nickel coating, springs - from spring steel with zinc coating, other parts are made of brass CW614N (CuZn39Pb3). Thus, the magnetic circuit of the device is made of automatic steel (11SMn30), which has a number of disadvantages that are significant in the application in question in terms of magnetic saturation, eddy currents, and hysteresis.

Thus, like the above analogue, the prototype has high reliability and durability, but it is very cumbersome and material-intensive, due to the size of the magnet, which can develop the required force in the absence of an effective magnetic circuit, and as a result to the dimensions of the solenoid (coil, core), and also requires a very long (for an extreme situation) electric starting pulse, due to the need to overcome the significant residual magnetization of the elements of the magnetic circuit, which in turn slows down the operation of emergency equipment driven by the trigger and, as a result, complicates emergency operations. All this indicates the low efficiency of existing designs of electromagnetic starting devices.

The technical problem is to eliminate the above disadvantages.

The technical result is an increase in the efficiency of the electromagnetic starting device by reducing the energy intensity and weight and size characteristics while increasing the response speed.

The problem is solved, and the claimed technical result is achieved by the fact that in the electromagnetic starting device, which includes a cylindrical body with a cylindrical internal cavity and brass front and back covers fixed to it, a permanent magnet of a ring shape coaxially placed in the cylindrical cavity of the body, a solenoid with a core in the form of a sleeve with end flanging out, placed between the permanent magnet and the end face of the solenoid coil, the movable positioned in the guide holes of the front and rear covers axial rod of the solenoid with an anchor washer mounted on it, located between the end face of the solenoid core without flanging and the thrust surface of the front cover, a spring placed in the gap between the back cover, the inner surface of the solenoid core and the outer surface of the solenoid shaft with the possibility of elastic impact on an anchor washer in the axial direction, and a spacer made of insulating material in the form of a cylindrical sleeve and placed between the housing, the end face of the solenoid coil, with a peripheral flanging end of the solenoid core and a permanent magnet, the cylindrical body is made with an end flanging inward, covering the permanent magnet, and the cylindrical body, the anchor washer, the core and the solenoid rod are made of electrical steel.

The invention is illustrated in Fig., Which shows an axial section of an electromagnetic launcher.

In the images presented, the corresponding positions have the following meanings:

1 - housing;

2 - a back cover;

3 - front cover;

4 - permanent magnet;

5 - remote control;

6 - solenoid coil;

7 - the core of the solenoid;

8 - a stock of a solenoid;

9 - anchor washer;

10 - spring;

11 - end flanging of the core of the solenoid;

12 - end flanging of the body;

13 - a guide hole of the front cover;

14 - a guide hole of the back cover;

15 - a fixing ring;

16 - connector;

17 - threaded part of the front cover.

The claimed electromagnetic starting device, as follows from Fig., Includes a housing 1, the inner cylindrical cavity of which at the ends is limited by brass front 3 and rear 2 covers. The housing 1 from the side of the back cover 2 is made with a flange forming a supporting surface for a permanent magnet 4 of a ring shape placed in the internal cavity of the housing and an internal threaded hole interacting with the external thread of the back cover 2. Behind the permanent magnet 4 in the housing in the direction from the back cover 2 the core of the solenoid 7 is installed with an end flanging on the side of the back cover located between the permanent magnet 4 and the end face of the coil of the solenoid 6, the coil of the solenoid 6, the anchor washer 9, mounted on the rod Oida 8, wherein prior to introducing the rear end 8 of the solenoid rod in the guide hole 14 of the rear cover is put on it the spring 10. Distantsionator 5, made in this case of Caprolon, performs the function of centering element. The structure is fixed by putting the front cover 3 on the housing with the front end of the solenoid rod 8 inserted into the guide hole 13 of the front cover and snapping the locking ring 15 into the corresponding recesses of the housing 1 and the front cover 3. A connector 16 is fixed on the side surface of the housing 1 for electrical connection. The coil of the solenoid 6 through the connector 16 is connected according to the electrical connection with a command device (not shown, since it is not the subject of the invention and has a design that matches the designs of the prototype and analog). The front cover 3 with a threaded part 17 is screwed onto the reciprocal thread of the launch object (in gas fire extinguishing systems this is a locking and starting device) with the possibility of starting the latter by the action of the solenoid rod 8 (not shown in terms of interaction with the launch object), it is not an object of the invention, execution is similar to the prototype and analog). The back cover 3 may be deaf (see. Fig.) Or have a holder for installing a manual cam type backup and a control pin (not shown - is not the subject of the invention, the execution is similar to the prototype and similar).

The claimed electromagnetic starting device works as follows.

Before installation, the device must be cocked. To do this, a special key is wrapped in the thread 17 of the front cover 3 (included in the spare part - similar to the prototype and analog), which, when twisted, presses the solenoid rod 8, sliding it into the device. The rod of the solenoid 8 is pressed by the anchor washer 9 compressing the spring 10. When the protrusion of the rod is reduced to a value of h = 7.0 mm (this value may be different for different versions of the device), the anchor washer 9 engages with the end of the housing 1 and the end of the core of the solenoid 7 due to attractive forces of a permanent magnet 4. The force of magnetic attraction exceeds the force of a compressed spring, due to which the device is fixed in a cocked state. It should be noted that a closed magnetic circuit: a permanent magnet - a housing - an anchor washer - a core of a solenoid - a permanent magnet including a permanent magnet and other elements made of electrical steel (recommended steel 20850, suitable for the manufacture of the indicated elements by cutting), unlike the prototype and analogues required force to overcome the spring, equal to twice the force developed by a permanent magnet, which can significantly reduce (80% or more) the dimensions of the permanent magnet.

When the electromagnetic starting DC current is supplied to the electric circuit of the device with the required magnitude and polarity, a magnetic field appears in the solenoid, which counteracts the field of the permanent magnet. It should be noted here that due to the construction of a closed magnetic circuit in the claimed technical solution, the required field of the permanent magnet, as noted above, is up to two times smaller compared to the prototype and analogues, therefore, a less powerful and less dimensional solenoid is required to overcome it. The force of attraction of the anchor washer 9 to the end of the housing 1 and the end of the core of the solenoid 7 at the moment weakens to almost zero and the force of the spring 10 moves the rod of the solenoid 8 (to the stop of the anchor washer 9 in the front cover), which in turn actuates the actuator of the start object .

Since the claimed technical solution, its parameters reflected in the claims, were formed on the basis of experiments and have no other evidence base in terms of achieving the claimed technical result, the following is a comparative table of key technical characteristics inherent and achieved by the claimed technical solution, analogue and prototype with identical conditions of use.

From the table it follows that with smaller weight and size parameters and power consumption, the claimed technical solution provides the required pushing force on the rod and faster response (determined by the duration of the starting pulse).

The foregoing allows us to conclude that the technical problem - the elimination of the disadvantages inherent in the analogue and the prototype - is solved, and the claimed technical result - increasing the efficiency of the electromagnetic starting device by reducing energy intensity and weight and size characteristics while increasing the response speed - is achieved.

Claims (1)

An electromagnetic starting device, including a cylindrical body with a cylindrical internal cavity and brass front and back covers fixed to it, a permanent magnet of a ring shape coaxially placed in the cylindrical cavity of the body, a solenoid with a core in the form of a sleeve with end flanging outward, located between the permanent magnet and the coil end a solenoid placed in the guide holes of the front and rear covers, the axially movable rod of the solenoid with an anchor washer fixed to it, placed between the end face without flanging the core of the solenoid and the thrust surface of the front cover, a spring placed in the gap between the back cover, the inner surface of the core of the solenoid and the outer surface of the solenoid shaft with the possibility of elastic impact on the anchor washer in the axial direction, and a spacer made of insulating material in the shape of a cylindrical sleeve and placed between the housing, the end face of the solenoid coil, the peripheral end of the flange of the solenoid core and the permanent magnet, exl characterized in that the cylindrical body is made with end flanging inward, interacting with a permanent magnet, and the cylindrical body, anchor washer, core and solenoid rod are made of electrical steel.

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