RU2697279C2 - Magnetic latch - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: physics.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to household appliances, namely to latches, containing permanent magnets or ferromagnets, and can be used in various fields of human activity, in particular in everyday life, production, and so forth, for engagement (fixation) and disengagement of movable and fixed parts of object, for example, covers, hatches, doors of cabinets, window shutters, so forth. Magnetic latch contains permanent magnets installed inside its working and mating parts with the possibility of their magnetic field interaction with each other and possibility of movement relative to each other at opening/closing of the latch. Working part comprises latch locking element interacting with mating part design elements. Magnets in initial unlocked state of latch in initial period of time weakly interact/do not interact with each other, and then when working part is located in close proximity to mating one interact with each other with same poles, wherein in completely closed state of lock said magnets interact with each other by unlike poles, wherein change of poles of interaction of said magnets is carried out by phase transition. In the embodiment, the latch contains a two-side handle for opening mechanically connected to the locking element of the lock; at that, the handle is mechanically connected to the locking element through the cam multi-link mechanism.

EFFECT: technical result consists in elimination of disadvantages related to considerable complexity of design, considerable dimensions and weight, noise during operation.

3 cl, 6 dwg

Description

The invention relates to household appliances, namely to latches containing permanent magnets or ferromagnets, and can find application in various fields of human activity, in particular in everyday life, production, etc., for coupling (fixing) and uncoupling of movable and fixed parts of an object, e.g. covers, hatches, cabinet doors, casement windows, etc.

Known magnetic lock containing a permanent magnet mounted with the possibility of interaction with the reciprocal ferromagnetic part.

The known lock is not convenient enough to use, since it contains a constant magnetic force of attraction, which must be overcome by great efforts to disengage from the ferromagnetic part (US patent N 3468576, CL E05C 19/16, 1963).

A known magnetic lock containing a permanent magnet, mounted to interact with the reciprocal ferromagnetic part, the response part is made in the form of an electromagnet, the magnetic flux of which interacts with the flux of a permanent magnet, while opening the lock the flux of the electromagnet is directed towards the flux of a permanent magnet (RF patent No. 2019661, IPC: Е05С 19/16 - prototype).

The specified castle operates as follows.

In the closed state of the lock, the coil circuit is open. A coil is energized to open the lock. At the same time, its flow is directed towards the flow of a permanent magnet and the lock opens. When parts of an object come together, the magnetic circuit and magnet are mutually attracted. In this case, the coil circuit is open. The process of closing the lock can be forced if the coil is excited with a change in the polarity of its terminals. After closing the lock, the coil circuit opens. In the lock, the winding is connected to a constant voltage source by a normally open contact of the push-button switch, connected in series with a normally closed contact of the limit switch. The contact of the switch opens after the lock is opened.

To force a lock, change the polarity of the electromagnet winding. This is done by the contacts of another push button switch. After closing the lock, forcing is switched off, for example, by another normally open contact of the limit switch.

The main disadvantages are the significant complexity of the design, significant dimensions and weight, noise during operation, insufficiently aesthetic appearance.

The objective of the proposed technical solution is to eliminate these disadvantages and create a magnetic latch with an improved design and silent operation of the locking elements.

The solution to this problem is achieved by the fact that in the proposed magnetic latch containing permanent magnets installed inside its working and reciprocal parts with the possibility of interaction with their magnetic fields between themselves and the ability to move relative to each other when opening / closing the latch, according to the invention, said working part contains the latch locking element interacting with the structural elements of the reciprocal part, while said magnets are in the initial unlocked state of the latch in the initial the time period weakly interact / do not interact with each other, and then, when the working part is located in close proximity to the counterpart, they interact with the same poles, while in the fully closed state of the latch, the said magnets interact with the opposite poles, and the pole change of the interaction of the mentioned magnets carried out by phase transition.

In an embodiment, the magnetic latch comprises a double-sided handle for opening mechanically coupled to the latch locking member.

In an embodiment, the magnetic latch comprises a double-sided handle for opening, mechanically connected to the locking element of the latch, the handle being mechanically connected to a cam multi-link mechanism.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where in FIG. 1 shows a general diagram of a magnetic latch (hereinafter referred to as a latch), FIG. 2 shows a cross section of a magnetic latch at a time when the latch elements are spaced apart and the magnets do not interact / weakly interact with each other, in FIG. 3 shows a cross section of a magnetic latch at a time when the latch elements are in close proximity to each other and the magnets begin to interact with the same poles (repulsion), the latch is in front of the phase transition boundary in the “OPEN” position, the locking element is pushed, in FIG. . Figure 4 shows the cross section of a magnetic latch at a time when the latch elements are in close proximity to each other and the magnets interact with opposite poles (attraction) - the latch is located outside the phase transition, in the final state is “CLOSED”, the locking element is extended, by FIG. 5 shows a longitudinal section of the magnetic latch assembly with the unlocking mechanism, the locking element of the latch in the extended position, the state is “closed”, FIG. 6 shows a longitudinal section of the latch assembly with the unlocking mechanism, the latch locking element in the retracted position, the state is “open”).

The arrows in the figures indicate the direction of the force of interaction between the magnets, the direction of rotation and the direction of movement.

The magnetic latch contains a permanent magnet 1 of the base and an additional permanent magnet 2 installed in the stationary mating part 3 and the working movable part 4, respectively. The permanent magnet 1 is installed with the possibility of interaction with its magnetic fluxes with the working movable part of the latch 4, configured to move relative to the specified permanent magnet 1 when opening / closing the latch. The working movable part 4 contains a locking element 5 of the latch, interacting with the structural elements 3 of the reciprocal part of the protected object in which the said permanent magnet 1 is located, and contains an additional permanent magnet 2. The mentioned magnets 1 and 2 in the initial unlocked state of the latch do not interact / weakly interact with the same poles, while in the closed state of the latch, the said magnets interact with the opposite poles, and are attracted to each other, and the pole change interaction of said magnets carried by the phase transition.

The locking element 5 is made to rotate around its axis 6 and using the traction 7 interacts with the cam 8 mounted on the axis 9 of the handle for opening 10.

To close the latch on the key, a lock (not shown and not indicated) built into the handle 10 or an additional lock mounted on the door is used.

One end of the rod 7 interacts with the locking element 5 of the latch, and the other with a lever 11 mounted for swinging on the axis 12. At the other end of the lever 11 there is a pusher 13 that interacts with the cam 8 located on the axis 9 of the handle 10. The working mechanism of the latch located in the profiled hole 14, made in the working movable part 4.

The operation of the latch is considered if it is used to close the door, with the base installed in the door frame and the counterpart in the door.

The proposed magnetic latch assembly with a unlocking mechanism operates as follows.

The latch mechanism is based on the interaction of two magnets - an additional permanent magnet 2 of the working movable part 4 and a permanent magnet 1 of the reciprocal fixed part 3. An additional permanent magnet 2 is located inside the latching element 5, and the permanent magnet 1 of the base is inside the mating part fixed on elements of the mating fixed part 3 of the protected object, for example, in a door frame. In this case, magnets 2 and 1 are located with the same poles to each other and are first repelled from each other, and then sharply attracted. This principle is called the phase transition, the essence of which is as follows. When moving one magnet relative to another, located by the same poles to each other, first a repulsive force arises between the magnets, and then an attractive force.

The transition between pushing and pulling occurs at lightning speed, which allows you to accurately pull the locking tab at the right time - when the door is in a fully closed state. This accuracy eliminates backlashes and gaps between the door and the door frame when closed, and also avoids knocks and clicks when closing. The latching process is completely silent.

The base of the reciprocal part of the latch with a permanent magnet 1 is installed in the door frame, and the movable part of the latch with an additional permanent magnet 2 and a locking element 5 is installed in the door in the profiled hole 14.

To close the magnetic latch, and, accordingly, close the door, the door is brought to its place in the door frame, which it occupies in the closed position. In this case, the additional permanent magnet 2 moves in the immediate vicinity of the magnet of the counterpart 1 and interacts with it with its own magnetic field. Due to what the mentioned magnets 2 and 1, located by the same poles to each other, at the initial moment of time are repelled from each other, and then attracted. The transition between pushing and pulling occurs at lightning speed, which allows you to accurately pull out the latch locking element 5, which interacts with the structural elements of the protected object, in this case, with the door frame, at the right time when the door is in the fully closed state. If necessary, the door can be additionally fixed with a lock located inside the standard door handle or an additional lock (not shown) installed on the door.

The latch is opened by pressing the handle 10. In this case, the cam 8, mounted on the axis of the handle 9, rotates around its axis of rotation, acts on the pusher 13 located at one end of the lever 11 and mixes it. The pusher 13 is mixed from its original position and rotates the lever 11 around the axis of rotation 12. The end of the lever 11 associated with the rod 7 also moves and pulls the rod 7 to the axis of the latch, overcomes the attractive forces of magnets 1 and 2 and displays the locking element 5 of the latch interacting with the structural elements of the protected object, in this case, with the door frame, out of engagement. The magnets 1 and 2 begin to repel each other, thereby pressing the locking element 5 to the working part 4. The door from the closed state is translated into the open.

Further, if necessary, the closing / opening process is repeated.

Using the proposed technical solution will create a magnetic latch, the use of which provides the following advantages:

silent operation of the latch mechanism due to the lack of mechanical contact when closing the door;

- small (30-35 degrees) angles of rotation of the door handle when opening the door;

- high accuracy, which will ensure that there is no tapping of the door relative to the door frame during a draft;

- the ability to install, if necessary, door closers with low finishing power, because when closing the door you do not need to make any effort, the door closes silently and effortlessly;

- maintaining the strength of the door leaf due to the shallow depth of the groove for the installation of the latch;

- universality - this magnetic latch can be used with any standard door handle or can be installed instead of the existing latch with the same dimensions;

- The original appearance and design of the latch, since there are no protruding parts that become worn during operation, traces of use and for which clothing clings.

Claims (3)

1. A magnetic door latch containing permanent magnets mounted inside its working and reciprocal parts with the possibility of interaction with their magnetic fields with each other and the ability to move relative to each other when opening / closing the latch, characterized in that said working part contains a locking element of the latch with a magnet wherein the latching locking element is movable relative to a magnet located in the counterpart with the occurrence of the repulsive force first, initially the first moment of closing the door, and then the attractive forces between the magnets during the interaction of their magnetic fields at the moment when the door is in a fully closed state, while the latching locking element is configured to be in the retracted position when the magnets interact with the same poles and in the extended position when the interaction of magnets with opposite poles. 2. The magnetic latch according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains a double-sided handle for opening, mechanically associated with the locking element of the latch. 3. The magnetic latch according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains a double-sided handle for opening, mechanically connected to the locking element of the latch through a cam multi-link mechanism.

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