RU2696728C2 - Honeycomb tape (versions) - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: manufacturing technology.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to production of, primarily, construction materials, in particular to a method of making and using a honeycomb tape in the form of a sleeve with unlimited length and required width, and in the first version, from moisture-permeable fabric or film soluble in water. According to the second version of invention, moisture-permeable fabric which is insoluble in water but with reinforcing properties is used as a band material. Hose of honeycomb tape is filled with working mixture of required thickness and sutured, or glued, or point fixed, forming mini bags (honeycomb), placing honeycomb, for example, in staggered order. Band material and dimensions of the formed honeycombs must prevent the working mixture from falling off and mechanically moving in the honeycomb. To impart reinforcing properties or for a second version of increasing reinforcing properties, reinforcing wires or reinforcement mesh may be laid in the honeycomb tape. Obtained tape is rolled up and packaged in vapor barrier film, and roll weight should be convenient for storage, movement and application. Properties of the honeycomb tape depend on the composition of the working mixture and the corresponding liquid for solidification of the working mixture.

EFFECT: honeycomb tape can be used in construction: masonry for gluing together construction materials; during plastering of walls; device of reinforced concrete tie on floor surface, flat roof and hangar roof; in fire-retardant wall coating device; in the field of fortification and hydraulic engineering construction for rapid erection of a protective engineering structure; in the field of medicine as one of the methods for making medical plaster bandages or gypsum bandages, as well as in other industries.

5 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of production of building materials and construction, and may also find application in the field of fortification and in hydraulic engineering for the operational construction of a protective engineering structure, in the field of medicine as one of the methods for manufacturing medical plaster dressings or plaster bandages and in other industries.

During the construction of almost all buildings and structures, a solution is required for connecting building materials (bricks, stones, concrete blocks, etc.), which is obtained by mixing a mixture of sand, water and a binder (cement, gypsum, lime, or a combination thereof) in a mixer, and also some additives to give the solution special properties. It should be noted that working with the solution is extremely time-consuming, "dirty" and low prestige.

In wooden housing construction, the solution is not used, but between the rows of logs or beams you need to lay out a sealant made of moss and / or tow. The time-consuming operation of their layout is most often replaced by laying a sealing tape of natural materials. For example, the author / 1 / describes a method for producing such tapes. But these sealing tapes cannot connect bricks, concrete blocks and other building materials together - this requires a solution.

In medicine, a gypsum dressing is used as a method of treating injuries, which is obtained by applying a dry gypsum binder to the surface of a textile fabric. But gypsum crumbles and all methods of obtaining a gypsum dressing are reduced to the development of a method of fixing gypsum on the surface of textile fabric. For example, in the invention / 2 /, BF-6 glue is used for this. But dry mortar on a textile fabric or film cannot be held. Different adhesives in the mortar mixture will not help either - they will change the properties of the solution and may interfere with the hydration process of the mixture. Moreover, the layer of the laid mortar should always be greater than the thickness of the mortar seam, which, in turn, is significantly larger than the thickness of the gypsum layer on the plaster cast and must have a certain constant height. Moreover, the layer thickness for different building materials may be different. In the invention / 3 / a large layer of gypsum dressing is obtained by a set of plaster bandages in packages. But if in medicine the production of thicker layers of gypsum bandages by layer-by-layer set is quite acceptable, then for construction work it is economically unprofitable to obtain the required thickness of the solution layer in this way.

According to the intended purpose, an analogue of the present invention is the invention / 4 /, in which an adhesive tape in the form of a mesh consisting of many intersecting tapes with adhesive material in nodes is used to connect building stones during the construction of a stone structure. But a number of significant drawbacks limit the use of such tapes in construction: the proposed adhesive substance (polyurethane) is not environmentally safe; long-term storage of pre-prepared tape is impossible due to drying of the adhesive and they can be used only for several hours after their manufacture; when transporting packaging with tapes wound into a roll or laid in the form of a meander, due to the mutual movement of the layers, adhesive substances can come into contact and the layers stick together, and this will degrade the quality of the adhesive tape or they will become unsuitable for use; tapes are limited in length 1-3 m, they should be no less than the length of the wall being built; it is impossible to adjust the thickness of the layer to the size necessary for the masonry and, because of this, they can only connect building materials with plane-parallel landing surfaces and, if possible, polished.

By design features, the closest analogue is a flexible fabric / 5 / containing two sides connected and held at a distance from each other by self-supporting connecting fibers. In this way, bulk fabric is obtained and powder material is poured into the free volume between the sides, and the edges of the sides (one or more) are tightened with elastic thread, partially covering the space at the edge of the fabric and preventing the material from spilling backfill. As the filling material, hardening material is used when adding liquid, for example, water or when exposed to radiation. So get a rigid or semi-rigid element and the authors / 5 / propose to use it as a structural element in a wide range of applications. But a number of disadvantages limit the application of the invention / 5 /: for any inclination from the horizontal and, especially, when folding the fabric into a roll and transporting, the powdered material inside the provided volume can be displaced and compacted in the direction of displacement, which will lead to a heterogeneous density and strength of the obtained structural element; flexible fabric is inherently intended only to create a separate structural element and cannot be used for gluing building elements together due to the fact that the tight side is a tightly knitted fabric impervious to backfill material, as well as the authors / 5 / allow the use of non-porous fabric for curing fluid or virtually impermeable to any fluid or gas, thereby eliminating the possibility of adhesion of the lower side to the building elements ke walls; the impermeability of the material of the lower side also prevents the adhesion of two or more fabrics to each other, eliminating the possibility of creating multilayer structures; the size of the filler for filling cannot be larger than the cell size of the upper side of the fabric, which limits the size of the fractions of the fillers used; the height of the created structural elements is strictly discrete and determined by the length of the self-supporting fibers between the sides of the fabric, and to obtain structural elements with different heights, preliminary preparation for the use of a large set of bulk fabric with different lengths of self-supporting fibers will be required; it is impossible to create structural elements with the same height, the edges of the created elements will be “littered” due to the fact that in order to prevent the powder material from filling, the edges of one or both sides are used protruding beyond the edge of the bulk fabric, which are pulled together with elastic threads; to cover inclined surfaces, especially circular ones, without violating the strength characteristics of structural elements from impregnated fabric / 5 / is practically impossible.

The present invention has the task of developing a method for connecting building elements of brick, stone, concrete blocks and other building materials, which will allow:

- to exclude the traditional method of manufacturing and using a solution for joining building elements, and to reduce the joining process to a simple operation, approximately the same as gluing wallpaper into a wall;

- apply any dry mixes made on any of the binders used to connect the building elements;

- get the required thickness of the mortar layer;

- if necessary, be able to reinforce the masonry.

The problem is solved by the manufacture and subsequent use of cellular tape. For the manufacture of a honeycomb tape, the following steps are successively performed: select the necessary working mixture; the mixture is evenly laid out with the specified thickness and the required width onto the tape material and the resulting layer is covered with the same material; sew the upper and lower strips of the tape in one of the ways so that mini bags (honeycombs) are formed, which turn out to be filled with the working mixture. The resulting tape resembles a sleeve consisting of individual cells filled with a working mixture. Tape, call a honeycomb tape, wound into a roll and placed in a waterproof bag. Moreover, the length and width of the tape can be limited only by the weight of the obtained roll and it should be convenient for storage, movement and use. The material used to form the honeycomb tape must be moisture permeable, and for the first embodiment of the invention, a water-soluble fabric or film is used as the material, and for the second embodiment, water-insoluble fabrics with reinforcing properties. Note that any tissue insoluble in water has reinforcing properties. But for the second variant of manufacturing a cellular tape, fabrics with enhanced reinforcement properties can also be used. To increase the reinforcing property along and / or across the generatrix of the honeycomb tape, reinforcing wires or reinforcing meshes can also be laid. Honeycombs can be staggered (Fig. 1), staggered with a shift (Fig. 2), diagonally (Fig. 3), can be formed as a honeycomb (Fig. 4), as well as in a different order. For the formation of cells, the materials of the tapes can be stitched, glued or fixed pointwise along the line of location of the cells. The purpose of the honeycomb is to prevent shedding and mechanical movement of the packaged mixture in the honeycomb, while the size of the honeycomb proportionally depends on the required layer thickness. More technologically, if the honeycomb tape is made from a strip of material slightly larger than the double width of the honeycomb tape. In this case, the working mixture is evenly laid out in the middle part of the strip with a width equal to the required width of the honeycomb tape, and the remaining part of the strip on both sides is turned over and the spread out working mixture is covered with a slight overlap. Moreover, stitching the overlap with each other and obtaining a full sleeve is not required - they will be automatically fixed to each other in the future when manufacturing a cellular tape. Note that this method of manufacturing a honeycomb tape prevents the mixture from falling off the edges of the honeycomb tape, and the width of the honeycomb tape will be more accurate.

We will consider the use of a cellular tape on the example of masonry walls:

- for the selected wall materials, the basis of the working mixture of the honeycomb tape is selected (for example, for brick, the working mixture should be based on cement with plasticizing additives);

- choose a honeycomb tape with a width equal to the width of the wall masonry, its thickness should be slightly higher than the accuracy of the dimensions of the manufacture of building materials used for masonry, and the length of the roll of honeycomb tape is chosen not less than the length of the wall to be built for construction;

- cut or apply a pre-prepared strip of the selected honeycomb tape with a length equal to the height of the building material;

- the layers of materials joined during masonry moisturize and lay out the honeycomb tape along the surface of the previous row of the wall;

- the stacked honeycomb tape is moistened and the next row of building materials is installed in the wall, having previously secured the cut strips of honeycomb tape in vertical layers.

Note that after performing all the operations described above on the use of a honeycomb tape for wall masonry, the mortar located in the honeycomb is converted into a mortar because each of the honeycombs contains a pre-mixed dry mortar and its transformation into mortar consists only in saturating the mixture with water in the combs. For the usually used thickness of the mortar layer when laying the wall, the water in the cells is saturated with water in real time, i.e., during the time between the upper surface of the honeycomb tape being moistened and the subsequent wall material is installed, the mixture in the cells will turn into a solution. But in some other situations, for example, during the construction of a dam, the limiting thickness of the layer of honeycomb tape should be such that in the interval between rolling into the wall of the dam of each of the subsequent layers after they are wetted, the mixture in the combs should have time to moisten. In order to increase the strength of the dam wall, in addition to reinforcing, the building mixture may also contain fillers, for example, ASG or gravel, as a component.

In general, the working mixture can be different - for example, dry plaster mixture, dry powder of medical gypsum, DSP with the addition of fillers, a dry mixture based on cement with fillers and others, and as fillers, in accordance with the purpose of the honeycomb tape, there may be e.g. sand, gravel, expanded clay, crushed stone.

The authors / 5 / provided a list of examples of the use of impregnated fabric. Note that the honeycomb tape made in accordance with the present invention can be applied to all, without exception, the above examples of the use of impregnated fabric / 5 /. In addition, overlapping honeycomb tapes, for all the given application examples / 5 /, it is possible to obtain reinforced layers of the required thickness. At the same time, the manufacture of a cellular tape is much more technologically advanced and, accordingly, more economical.

Let us describe some additional and, according to the author, the most important areas and examples of the use of cellular tape.

a) Production of plaster dressings and plaster bandages, where the working mixture is dry powder of medical plaster. In this case, shedding of the gypsum mixture from honeycombs and special methods of fixing the gypsum mixture on the textile material in this case is not required.

b) Cellular tape can be used in emergency situations, for example, during floods, floods as a material for the rapid construction of a dam: sequentially laying out a cellular tape with the required width, made according to the second option, wetting each of the laid layers, you can quickly build a dam wall with the necessary height, thickness and configuration required at any desired location. This will result in a monolithic reinforced wall. Moreover, for the construction of such a wall no formwork is required.

c) In hydraulic engineering, it is not difficult to obtain shore protection structures using a honeycomb tape: laying reinforced honeycomb tape in a sufficient number of layers along the surface of the coast, you can get a continuous concrete layer reinforced with the required thickness exactly repeating the relief of the coast.

d) In the field of fortification, honeycomb tape can be used to quickly erect firing lines and other protective structures of personnel and weapons. In this case, the honeycomb tape is used in the same way as in the construction of the dam, only the composition of the mixture and the reinforcing properties of the honeycomb tape may differ.

d) Cellular tape can be used for plastering walls. In this case, the working mixture is a dry plaster mixture. The width of the tape is chosen convenient for laying on the wall, and the thickness of the tape should be no less than the required thickness of the plaster layer. Pre-wet the plastered surface and moisten the honeycomb tape. The surface of the tape is moistened until completely moistened and rubbed with a grater to obtain an even layer.

e) Cellular tapes can be used to produce laminated materials. The working mixture in this case is a dry substance, which, when wetted with a solvent or hardener, turns into glue. It is only necessary to take into account that after laying all the layers on each other, the laminated sheets must be pressed down until the adhesive has completely hardened.

Some other areas of the possible use of honeycomb tape: reinforced screed floor surfaces; reinforced coating of the roofing system; a device for concrete coating of semicircular hangars; fire retardant coating of the surface of various walls and structures; jointing of masonry joints with a narrow strip of honeycomb tape; protective coating with reinforced concrete pipes. It should be noted that of the above examples of the use of a cellular tape, only a small part of them is reflected here - the field of application of a cellular tape is much wider.

Thus, using a honeycomb tape made in accordance with the method described in the present invention, all the tasks can be solved: there is no need to make and use a solution for connecting building elements in a traditional way, and the connection process will not be more difficult than gluing the wallpaper into the wall; for the manufacture of honeycomb tape, you can use any dry mixes based on any binders; it is possible to manufacture a honeycomb tape of any required thickness and, accordingly, when laying building elements, always get the constant and necessary thickness of the masonry seam; if necessary, it is easy to obtain a cellular tape with reinforcing properties.

List of documents (patents) to which links are given in the description text:

1. SU 1553587 A1, 03/30/1990.

2. RU 2180597 C2, 03.20.2002.

3. RU 2120269 C1, 10.20.1998.

4. RU 2553792 C2, 06/20/2015.

5. RU 2513383 C2, 04.20.2014.

Claims (5)

1. A honeycomb tape, characterized in that it is made of superimposed layers of a moisture-permeable fabric or film, soluble in water, stitched, or glued, or dotted together with the formation of staggered bags, uniformly filled with a dry working mixture, capable of hardening when wetted, and the material of the fabric or film and the size of the bags are made so as to prevent shedding and movement of the working mixture in the bags, and for its transportation it is made with possible roll-in. 2. A honeycomb tape, characterized in that it is made of superimposed layers of a moisture-permeable fabric or film, soluble in water, stitched, or glued, or dotted together with the formation of staggered bags, uniformly filled with a dry working mixture, capable of hardening when wetted, and the material of the fabric or film and the size of the bags are made so as to prevent shedding and movement of the working mixture in the bags, and to give reinforcing properties the tape contains t reinforcing wires or meshes and for its transport it is capable of folding into a roll. 3. A honeycomb tape, characterized in that it is made of superimposed layers of a moisture-permeable water-insoluble fabric with reinforcing properties, sewn, or glued, or dotted together with the formation of staggered bags uniformly filled with a dry working mixture capable of hardening when moistened, and the fabric material and the size of the bags are made so as to prevent shedding and movement of the working mixture in the bags, and for its transportation it is made with POSSIBILITY folding into a roll. 4. A honeycomb tape, characterized in that it is made of superimposed layers of a moisture-permeable water-insoluble fabric with reinforcing properties, stitched or glued, or dotted together with the formation of staggered bags uniformly filled with a dry working mixture, capable of hardening when moistened, and the fabric material and the size of the bags are made so as to prevent shedding and movement of the working mixture in the bags, and to enhance the reinforcing properties of the tape with holding the reinforcing wires or meshes and for its transport it is capable of folding into a roll. 5. Cellular tape according to any one of paragraphs. 1, 2, 3 or 4, characterized in that the dry mortar used is a dry mortar, dry stucco mixture, gypsum powder, a cement-sand mixture with the addition of fillers such as ASG or gravel, a cement-based dry mixture fillers, such as sand, gravel, expanded clay, crushed stone.

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