RU2694235C1 - Method for regular detection of useful radio signals - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: radio engineering and communications.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to radio engineering and can be used in systems of over-the-horizon radar ranging (OTHRR), radio sounding and radio-direction finding. Method includes radio reception of signals containing information on location and parameters of target movement, conversion of received signals into digital form and processing of digital signals S̃_2, wherein during processing of digital signals S̃₂ performing simultaneous calculation of functional discrepancy ΔI² between S̃₂ and reference signal

and determination of cumulative errors ξ (δ, h) of received signal measurements, comparing ΔI² with ξ (δ, h) and by the discrepancy detection criterion ΔI² within ξ (δ, h) taking a decision on detection of useful signals containing regularized interval estimates [Ẑ] of target information parameters, then minimally-extremum of functional discrepancy inf is calculated ΔI² and based on that, decision is made on estimates Ẑ of location and parameters of target motion by criterion of finding inf ΔI² within interval estimates [Ẑ].

EFFECT: high reliability of over-the-horizon detection of location and motion parameters of target-location objects in conditions of uncertainty of propagation paths of radio waves and radiophysical characteristics of surface layers of the atmosphere.

4 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of radio engineering and can be used in systems of over-the-horizon radar (SGRL), radio sounding and radio direction finding, working under conditions of a critical impact on the reception of useful signals (PS) radio-physical characteristics (XRD) of the radio wave propagation medium (RTD) and associated radio active wave (AP) ) and passive interference (PP) of natural and artificial origin.

Known widely used in various modifications are methods for detecting useful radio signals (targets / location objects) against noise and intrinsic noise, implementing, based on well-known statistical methods of correlation processing or matched filtering, followed by comparison of their result with the signal-to-noise ratio q _P , which is assigned depending on the specific noise and interference situation [1, 2, 3, 4].

There are numerous implementations of these methods, focused on various special cases on the conditions of operation (USF) and modifications of radar stations (radar).

In this case, USF is understood [5, 6] as a set of conditions:

- the presence of any possible set of targets (location objects) of various types on the tracks (single, group of different composition) with variable characteristics of their movement;

- complex and diverse natural radiophysical characteristics (RFC) of the radio propagation medium (РРВ), including RFC of dispersing, dispersing, birefringent and non-stationary РРВ media;

- impact on the propagating signal of all possible types of disturbing influences (BB) of natural and artificial origin.

In turn, explosives are understood to mean [5, 6] objects / phenomena that are not typical for a typical natural environment of location routes, such as: meteor trails, aircraft overflights, rocket launches, moving local ionospheric / tropospheric heterogeneities that affect the passage of a multiplicative and specific radio signal on location routes.

- ракурс, то есть азимутальный угол между основным направлением распространения ЭМВ и пространственным положением и/или направлением движения ВВ.The disturbing influences (BB), characterized by shifts and scattering of the incident / reflected electromagnetic wave (EMW), can be represented by a multidimensional function S ₀ (t, f, τ, Θ, ...), where t is time, f is frequency, τ _s delay,

- angle, that is, the azimuth angle between the main direction of propagation of the electromagnetic wave and the spatial position and / or direction of the explosive movement.

One of the most important problems of radiolocation / sensing is the inability to adequately account for the impact of the medium of the RTD, explosives and all kinds of interference on the reception of signals using traditional methods of signal processing.

Quite often, with complex USF, arbitrarily large losses ΔI of useful information are observed, that is, either it is impossible to detect useful signals (PS) containing information about targets / objects of observation / detection, extraction and identification of such information, or the deviation of detection characteristics and parameter estimates is recorded goals from a priori known or justifiably expected [1, 4, 7, 8, 9, 11, 12].

The known principles of detection and operation of detectors in correlation reception (CPD) / matched filtering (GFS) are as follows.

(t, g, ƒ, τ₃, θ_пр, …), где t - время, g - излучаемый зондирующий сигнал (ЗС), ƒ - частота, τ₃ - задержка, θ_пр - углы прихода радиоволн в точку приема. Функция

является продуктом воздействия на прохождение и прием сигнала в системе «РЛС - среда - цель - среда - РЛС» всех видов мультипликативных помех (МП-воздействий), возмущающих воздействий (в том числе - цели), активных помех (АП) [1, 4, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11].The signal received by the receiving device (RPU) is generally traditionally modeled by a multidimensional function.

(t, g, ƒ, τ _3, θ, _etc., ...), where t - time, g - emitted probe signal (ZS), ƒ - frequency, τ ₃ - delay, θ _ave - radio wave arrival angles to the receiving point. Function

is a product of the impact on the passage and reception of the signal in the system "radar - medium - target - medium - radar" of all types of multiplicative interference (MP-effects), disturbing influences (including the target), active interference (AP) [1, 4 , 7, 8, 9, 10, 11].

математически описывается интегральным уравнением типа свертки, записываемым в операторном виде [13, 14, 15]:Communication between ES and system output

Mathematically described by convolution type integral equation written in operator form [13, 14, 15]:

Where:

And _with - integral operator defined by the transmitted signal and the corresponding operand processing when receiving,

S _P - the function of the argument S _C - the impact of the target on the signal against the background of interference.

In any case, when it is necessary to make a decision on the reasons for their causes, it is necessary to solve the classical inverse problem. With regard to information transmission systems and locations, this is the task of detecting, isolating and recognizing a useful signal.

несет искомую информацию о воздействии цели на радиолокационный сигнал, который в таком случае является полезным, то ее оценка является решением интегрального уравнения Фредгольма 1 рода типа свертки:In [13, 14, 15] it is justified that

carries the required information about the effect of the target on the radar signal, which is then useful, its evaluation is a solution of the Fredholm integral equation of the first kind of convolution type:

Where:

S _C - the function of the intrinsic radiophysical properties of the target;

A ^-1 _s is the inverse operator of A _s .

The problem of solving such equations is called incorrectly posed if at least one of these three Hadamard conditions is violated [13, 14, 15].

).When solving applied problems, the left-hand side of equation (1) is usually given approximately because of the cumulative errors ξ (δ, h) of measurements (UHVI), which are mainly determined by interference (here δ and h are parameters that characterize, respectively, random δ and systematic h measurement error

).

As a consequence, the task of finding characteristics of a target according to (2) is, in the general case, according to the conditions of operation (USF), incorrectly stated, both because of non-uniqueness and because of the instability of the solution of this equation [13, 14]. Even with relatively small measurement errors, traditional methods for solving (2) are generally unacceptable in the case of USF, since in this case the inverse A ^-1 _s operator may either not exist or not be continuous. This conclusion is confirmed in [9] by operator functional analysis (PAA) of the formation and transmission of signals in information radio systems (IRS). In [9], it was shown that, in the general case of USF, a probing signal (ES) and a signal reflected from a target on the path along a location route can undergo a number of transformations leading to the translation of the received signal into a completely different functional space than expected by the ES shape.

Such a discrepancy causes the fundamental impossibility of detecting PS and extracting the required information and / or irreparable loss ΔI of this information when using all known methods of filtering and processing signals during reception, since the location problem becomes not just the reverse, but also incorrectly delivered.

This is confirmed by the practice of over-the-horizon radar (SGRL) using known methods of signal processing [4, 12].

The figure (Fig. 1) shows the structural-physical model of the SGRL route with division into conditional sections, as the most general and complex case according to the terms of the RTD [9]. Here the “direct channel” of the radar is the target — the radar includes the first segment of the route (TU 1) from the radar to the first EMR reflection area in the ionosphere and back, the second section of the route (TU 2) from this area of reflection to the target (if present) and back . The “return channel” radar - ground “spot light / reflection” (refinery) - radar, includes the third section of the route TU 3 from the refinery to the second region of reflection EME in the ionosphere and back, the fourth section of the route TU 4 from this area of reflection to the radar and back . The areas of reflection of electromagnetic waves in the ionosphere are identified as the first and second due to the fact that they can be different both in spatial parameters and in radio physical characteristics (XRD).

The sources [8, 15] are described in FIG. 2 shows the experimental data of measurements of the spectrum of the received signal SGRL by the method of traditional filtering for different values of the product of the repetition frequency F _P for the duration τ _{And the} pulse and a priori known spectral characteristics of the target, which has the properties of scattering EME.

It is seen that the own spectrum of the target is almost exactly displayed when F _P × τ _AND ≈1. When F _P × τ _And <0.13, there is a complete absence of an unambiguous functional connection between the measurement results and a priori well-known data. This relationship holds only when _P F × τ _and> 0.27, ie - close to the delta form LC - Dirac function δ _D (ƒ-ƒ ').

Mathematically known methods can be represented by the algorithm [1, 3, 7, 10, 16, 17]:

- опорный сигнал,Where

- reference signal

⊗ - convolution sign,

q _P - the threshold value of the signal-to-noise ratio

- искомые информационные характеристики цели.

- the desired informational characteristics of the target.

выполняют радиоприем, обработку принятого сигнала

, включающую операции вычисления функции взаимной неопределенности (ФВН) путем перемножения принятого сигнала

и опорного сигнала

, интегрирования результата перемножения, сопоставляют максимум ФВН с пороговым значением измеренного отношения сигнал/помехи q_П, принимают решение об обнаружении и получают оценки параметров цели при превышении максимумом ФВН текущего значения q_П. При этом

формируют суммированием сигналов с выходов генератора идеализированной модели отклика от цели и генератора модели помех. Причем модель отклика от цели в известных способах обнаружения в общем случае не адекватна реальным процессам преобразований ЗС на трассах радиолокации. Она всегда функционально соответствует форме ЗС.According to expression (3) to detect and determine

perform radio reception, processing the received signal

including the operations of calculating the mutual uncertainty function (WHF) by multiplying the received signal

and reference signal

integrating the result of the multiplication, compare the maximum of the FVN with the threshold value of the measured signal-to-noise ratio q _P , make a decision about the detection and get estimates of the target parameters when the maximum of the FFH exceeds the current value of q _P. Wherein

form the sum of the signals from the outputs of the generator idealized model of the response from the target and the generator of the model noise. Moreover, the model of the response from the target in the known detection methods in the general case is not adequate to the actual processes of ES transformations on radiolocation routes. It always functionally corresponds to the form of the AP.

Summarizing the above and other data from [1, ... 17], it is possible to systematize the main disadvantages of the known detection methods as follows:

a) A wide range of a priori applied conditions and assumptions (in various combinations), simplifying the processing of received signals and making it optimal only in particular cases:

- no correlation of interference and sounding signals reflected from the target, that is, useful signals;

- significant intervals exceeding the significant correlation of the received PS with time Δt _ck and frequency Δƒ _ck of the same interference intervals, as well as the duration of the sounding signal τ _CS and its effective bandwidth Δƒ _CS, respectively;

- the use of the method of ray approximation, as a model of PPB on the location route, to build signal processing algorithms without taking into account the factors of multipath and scattering of radio waves;

- Identity of the “direct” part of the radar location route - the target - the radar and the “return” part of the radar - ground “spot light / reflection” - the radar (Fig. 2);

- statistical stationarity of the received signals, awareness of the laws of the distribution of their parameters.

c) The target response model in the general case is not adequate to the actual processes of ES transformations on radiolocation routes

c) In general, according to USF, the adequacy of the applied statistical methods of signal processing to the complex of multiplicative effects of the environment and various objectives on the signal, which leads to the formulation of the location problem as inverse and incorrectly stated, to the absence of a unique functional connection between the signal processing results and a priori accurately known data about the characteristics of the goals [8, 9, 15, 16, 18].

;e) Ignoring in algorithms that implement the well-known correlation radio reception or matched filtering, measurement errors of a received signal

;

f) Principal impossibility due to the shortcomings of p. "A-d", the detection of useful signals (PS), the selection and identification of information about the target SGRL known methods of detection.

The objective of the invention is to solve the problems of detecting useful signals based on a regularized solution of the location problem, as the inverse of introducing it into the class of correctly posed particular problems, and thereby ensuring the possibility of detecting useful signals containing information about the location and motion parameters of the target, in diverse, including the most common conditions of propagation of radio waves (РРВ) in the scattering, birefringent and dispersing RFH media РРВ when affecting the reception of all possible types of multiples kativnyh and active noise, disturbances of natural and artificial origin.

The means and methods for solving this problem have not been revealed in the prior art.

The technical result of the invention is the creation of a new, not previously known, method of regularized detection of useful radio signals, providing increased reliability of over-the-horizon detection of the location and motion parameters of the target / location objects in conditions of uncertainty of radio wave propagation paths and radiophysical characteristics (RFC) of the surface layers of the atmosphere.

The essence of the invention.

. В процессе обработки цифровых сигналов

. осуществляют одновременное вычисление функциональной невязки ΔI² между

и опорным сигналом

и определение совокупных погрешностей ξ(δ, h) измерений (СВПИ) принятого сигнала.The achievement of the stated technical result and the solution of the technical problem is ensured by the fact that the method of regularized detection of useful radar signals includes radio reception of signals containing information about the location and parameters of the target, converting received signals (PS) into digital form and processing digital signals

. In the process of processing digital signals

. carry out the simultaneous calculation of the functional residuals ΔI ² between

and reference signal

and determination of cumulative errors ξ (δ, h) of measurements (SIRI) of the received signal.

информационных параметров цели.Then ΔI ² is compared with ξ (δ, h) and according to the criterion of finding the ΔI ² residual within ξ (δ, h), they decide to detect useful signals containing regularized interval estimates.

information parameters of the target.

местоположения и параметров движения цели по критерию нахождения inf ΔI² в пределах интервальных оценок

.Next, calculate the minimum-extremum of the functional residuals inf ΔI ² and on this basis - decide on the estimates

location and motion parameters of the target by the criterion of finding inf ΔI ² within the interval estimates

.

формируют как аддитивную смесь модельного представления

активных помех и модельного представления комплекса мультипликативных воздействий на сигнал, который формируют суммированием модельного представления

пассивных помех и модельного представления

отклика от цели.In this case, the reference signal

form as an additive mixture of model representation

active interference and model representation of the complex multiplicative effects on the signal, which is formed by summing the model representation

passive interference and model representation

response from the goal.

пассивных помех (ПП), осуществляют следующими последовательными операциями: представление зондирующего сигнала подвергают первой свертке с модельным представлением собственных радиофизических характеристик (РФХ) третьего участка ТУ3 трассы локации, результат этой свертки подвергают второй свертке с модельным представлением собственных РФХ объектов/явлений - источников ПП, результат второй свертки подвергают третьей свертке с модельным представлением собственных РФХ четвертого участка ТУ4 трассы локации.Model View Generation

passive interference (PP) is performed by the following successive operations: the probing signal is subjected to the first convolution with a model representation of its own radiophysical characteristics (XRD) of the third section of the TU3 location route, the result of this convolution is subjected to the second convolution with a model representation of its own XRD objects / phenomena - sources of PP, the result of the second convolution is subjected to the third convolution with a model representation of the own RFCs of the fourth section of the TU4 location route.

отклика от цели осуществляют следующими последовательными операциями: представление ЗС подвергают первой свертке с модельным представлением собственных РФХ первого участка ТУ 1 трассы локации, результат этой свертки подвергают второй свертке с модельным представлением собственных РФХ объекта локации с ограничением на основе априорно-экспериментальных данных пространства Z его информационных параметров до пространства допустимых информационных параметров

в рамках пространства возможных информационных параметров {Z}∈Z, результат второй свертки подвергают третьей свертке с модельным представлением собственных РФХ второго участка (ТУ 2) трассы локации.Model View Generation

the response from the target is performed by the following sequential operations: the CS representation is subjected to the first convolution with a model representation of its own XRDs of the first section of the TU 1 location track, the result of this convolution is subjected to the second convolution with a model representation of the own XRD location object with a restriction based on a priori experimental data of the Z space parameters to the space of permissible information parameters

within the space of possible informational parameters {Z} ∈Z, the result of the second convolution is subjected to the third convolution with the model representation of the own XRD of the second segment (TU 2) of the location path.

Performing the described actions in their sequence allows, in general, using the USF to take into account the features and overcome the described shortcomings of the known detection methods, to implement a new method of regularized solution of the formulated radar task, as inverse with introducing it into the class correctly set, ensuring detection of useful signals containing the desired information about the target, while simultaneously obtaining estimates of its location and motion parameters in the most common conditions of propagation of radio waves in vayuschih, birefringent and dispersive media when exposed to welcome all possible multiplicative, and active noise, disturbances of natural and artificial origin.

These new properties of the claimed method of regularized detection of radio signals allow to increase the reliability of location detection and target motion parameters in conditions of uncertainty of the RTD and XRD paths of the surface layers of the atmosphere at SGRR and, as a result, to ensure the achievement of the stated technical result and solution of the problem.

The invention is illustrated by the drawings shown in FIG. 1-3.

FIG. 1 - the structural-physical model of the over-the-horizon radar (SGRL) trail is presented with splitting the radio signal trail along the “direct” and “return channel” into sections:

TU 1 - the first part of the route from the radar station (radar) to the first region of reflection of electromagnetic waves (EMW) in the ionosphere and back;

TU 2 - the second part of the route from the ionospheric region of reflection to the ground flare (refinery) of the target (if any) and back;

TU 3 - the third section of the route from the refinery to the second region of the reflection of electromagnetic waves in the ionosphere and back;

TU 4 is the fourth segment of the route from the second region of reflection of the EME in the ionosphere to the radar and back.

FIG. 2 - dependence of the spectrum of the received signal SGRL by the method of traditional filtering on the numerical values of the product of the repetition frequency F _P for the duration τ _{AND of a} radio pulse with a known spectral characteristics of the target a priori;

FIG. 3 is a functional diagram of the device that implements the proposed method of regularized detection of useful radio signals. (the radio receiver of the standard type is not shown on the diagram as provided by default).

FIG. 1-3 positions indicated:

и адекватно сформированным опорным сигналом

;1 - unit for calculating the functional residual ΔI ² between

and adequately formed reference signal

;

2 - block simultaneous with the operation in block 1 for determining the total errors ξ (δ, h) of measurements of received signals;

информационных параметров целей по критерию нахождения невязки ΔI² в пределах ξ(δ, h), последующего вычисления минимума-экстремума функциональной невязки inf ΔI² и на этой основе принятия решения об оценках

местоположения и параметров движения цели по критерию нахождения inf ΔI² в пределах интервальных оценок

;3 - mapping block ΔI ² with ξ (δ, h), making decisions about the detection of useful signals containing regularized interval estimates

information parameters of the targets by the criterion for finding the residual ΔI ² within ξ (δ, h), the subsequent calculation of the minimum-extremum of the functional residual inf ΔI ² and on this basis making the decision on estimates

location and motion parameters of the target by the criterion of finding inf ΔI ² within the interval estimates

;

активных помех (АП);4 - block generation model representation

active interference (AP);

опорного сигнала в виде аддитивной смеси модельного представления

активных помех с выхода генератора 4 и модельного представления комплекса МП-воздействий на сигнал с выхода второго сумматора 6,5 - the block of the first adder, in which form a model representation

reference signal in the form of an additive mixture of the model representation

active noise from the output of the generator 4 and the model representation of the complex MP-effects on the signal from the output of the second adder 6,

пассивных помех с выхода узла 7 генерации модели пассивных помех (ПП) и модельного представления

отклика от цели с выхода узла 8 генерации модели цели;6 is a block of the second adder, in which they form a model representation of a complex of MP effects on a signal by summing the model representation

passive interference from the output of node 7 of the generation of a model of passive interference (PP) and model representation

the response from the target from the output of node 8 to generate a target model;

пассивных помех, включающий:7 - node generating model of PP-model representation

passive interference, including:

7.1 - unit for generating a model representation of its own radiophysical characteristics (XRD) of the fourth section of the TU 4 location route;

7.2 - a unit for generating a model representation of its own RFC objects / phenomena - sources of passive interference;

7.3 - block of generation of the model representation of own RFCs of the third section of the TU 3 location route;

7.4 - the third convolution block of the second convolution result in node 7 with a model representation of the fourth x-ray plot's own X-ray plot,

7.5 - block of the second convolution of the result of the first convolution in node 7 with a model representation of its own XRD objects / phenomena - sources of passive interference;

7.6 - the first convolution block in node 7 of the LA representation with a model representation of its own XRD of the third segment of the location path.

отклика от цели, включающий:8 - target model generation node - model representation

response from the goal, including:

8.1 - a unit for generating a model representation of its own XRDs of the second section of the Specification 2 of the location route;

8.2 - block generating a model representation of the own X-ray location object;

8.3 - block of generation of a model representation of its own XRDs of the first section of the TU 1 location track;

8.4 - the third convolution block of the second convolution result in node 8 with a model representation of the own XRDs of the second portion of the location path;

8.5 - block of the second convolution of the first convolution result in node 8 with a model representation of the own X-RD object of the location;

8.6 - the first convolution block in node 8 of the probing signal representation (ES) with a model representation of its own XRDs of the first portion of the location path;

9 - AP generation unit.

According to FIG. 3 method of regularized detection of useful radio signals in terms of digital signal processing SGRL is displayed by the following operation algorithm:

where i / j are the elements of the matrix of classes of targets / location objects [k _{c ij} ],

Δτ _pr - limited partial zone on the delay - the element of the multidimensional lattice / grid review / control radar,

- оценка

информационных параметров цели в пределах их регуляризованной интервальной оценки

в рамках их допустимых

и возможных {Z} пространств по априорно-экспериментальным данным в пределах совокупных погрешностей ξ(δ, h) измерений принимаемого сигнала,

- assessment

information parameters of the target within their regularized interval estimation

within their limits

and possible {Z} spaces from a priori experimental data within the total errors ξ (δ, h) of measurements of the received signal,

- максимум множества

,

- maximum set

,

, определяемого по Котельникову принятой выборкой, от его модели - опорного сигнала

,ΔI ² - evasion in the L ₂ metric ("discrepancy") of the received signal functional

determined by Kotelnikov received by the sample, from his model - the reference signal

,

- опорный сигнал, отображающий функциональное преобразование сигнала на трассе радиолокации целью, мультипликативными помеховыми, возмущающими воздействиями и «активными» помехами, порождающий таким образом модель принятого сигнала, определенную в пределах пространства {Z} возможных информационных параметров цели на множестве допустимых информационных параметров

и принимаемую за точное отображение

в пределах совокупных погрешностей ξ(δ, h) измерений;

- a reference signal that reflects the functional transformation of a signal on a radar target’s path, multiplicative interferences, disturbing influences and “active” interferences, thus generating a received signal model defined within the space {Z} of possible target information parameters on a set of permissible information parameters

and taken for accurate display

within cumulative errors ξ (δ, h) of measurements;

.δ and h are the parameters characterizing, respectively, the random δ and the systematic h measurement errors

.

с выхода радиоприемного устройства (РПУ) с цифровым выходом подают параллельно (фиг. 3) на первые входы блока 1 и блока 2, на вторые входы которых синхронно подают с выхода сумматора 5 опорный сигнал

. Блоки 1 и 2 соответственно отождествляют вычисление функциональной невязки ΔI² между принятым и адекватно сформированным опорным

сигналами, определение погрешностей измерений ξ(δ, h) принятого сигнала. Значения невязки ΔI² с выхода блока 1 и погрешностей измерений ξ(δ, h) с выхода блока 2 поступают синхронно на входы блока 3, где ΔI² сопоставляют с ξ(δ, h), вырабатывают решение об обнаружении полезных сигналов, содержащих регуляризованные интервальные оценки

информационных параметров цели (объекта локации) по критерию нахождения невязки ΔI² в пределах ξ(δ, h). Затем вычисляют минимум-экстремум невязки inf ΔI² и на этой основе принимают решение об оценках

местоположения и параметров движения цели по критерию нахождения inf ΔI² в пределах интервальных оценок

. При этом модельное представление

опорного сигнала формируют в блоке 5 - первом сумматоре в виде аддитивной смеси модельного представления

активных помех с выхода блока 4 - генератора АП и модельного представления комплекса мультипликативных воздействий на сигнал с выхода второго сумматора 6. Модельное представление комплекса МП-воздействий на сигнал формируют в блоке 6 суммированием модельного представления

пассивных помех с выхода узла 7 генерации модели ПП и модельного представления

отклика от цели с выхода узла 8 генерации модели цели. Генерацию модели ПП в узле 7 осуществляют следующими последовательными операциями: представление зондирующего сигнала с выхода блока 9 генерации ЗС подвергают в блоке 7.6 первой свертке с модельным представлением собственных РФХ третьего участка ТУ 3 трассы локации с выхода блока 7.3. Результат этой свертки подвергают в блоке 7.5 второй свертке с модельным представлением собственных РФХ объектов/явлений - источников ПП с выхода блока 7.2. Далее результат второй свертки подвергают в блоке 7.4 третьей свертке с модельным представлением собственных РФХ четвертого участка ТУ 4 трассы локации с выхода блока 7.1. Одновременно генерацию модели цели в узле 8 осуществляют следующими последовательными операциями: представление зондирующего сигнала с выхода блока 9 генерации ЗС подвергают в блоке 8.6, одновременно с действиями по свертке в блоке 7.6, первой свертке с модельным представлением собственных РФХ первого участка ТУ 1 трассы локации с выхода блока 8.3. Результат этой свертки подвергают в блоке 8.5 второй свертке с модельным представлением собственных РФХ объекта локации с выхода блока 8.2. Результат второй свертки подвергают в блоке 8.4 третьей свертке с модельным представлением собственных РФХ второго участка ТУ 2 трассы локации с выхода блока 8.1.In accordance with the algorithm (4) detection received signal

from the output of the receiving device (RPU) with a digital output is fed in parallel (Fig. 3) to the first inputs of block 1 and block 2, to the second inputs of which a reference signal is synchronously fed from the output of adder 5

. Blocks 1 and 2, respectively, identify the calculation of the functional residual ΔI ² between the adopted and adequately formed reference

signals, the definition of measurement errors ξ (δ, h) of the received signal. The values of the residual ΔI ² from the output of block 1 and the measurement errors ξ (δ, h) from the output of block 2 arrive synchronously at the inputs of block 3, where ΔI ^{2 is} matched with ξ (δ, h), a decision is made to detect useful signals containing regularized interval ratings

information parameters of the target (location object) by the criterion of finding the residual ΔI ² within ξ (δ, h). Then calculate the minimum-extremum of the residuals inf ΔI ² and on this basis make a decision on the estimates

location and motion parameters of the target by the criterion of finding inf ΔI ² within the interval estimates

. In this model presentation

the reference signal is formed in block 5 - the first adder in the form of an additive mixture of a model representation

active interference from the output of block 4 - generator AP and the model representation of the complex multiplicative effects on the signal from the output of the second adder 6. A model representation of the complex MP-effects on the signal is formed in block 6 by summing the model representation

passive interference from the output of node 7 of the generation model PP and model representation

response from the goal from the output of node 8 to generate a target model. The generation of the PP model at node 7 is performed by the following successive operations: the representation of the probing signal from the output of block 9 of the CS generation is subjected in block 7.6 to the first convolution with the model representation of its own XRD of the third section of the TU 3 route location from the block 7.3. The result of this convolution is subjected in block 7.5 to a second convolution with a model representation of its own XRD objects / phenomena - sources of PP from the output of block 7.2. Further, the result of the second convolution is subjected in block 7.4 to the third convolution with a model representation of the own XRD fourth section TU 4 of the location route from the output of block 7.1. Simultaneously, the generation of the target model in node 8 is carried out by the following successive steps: the probe signal is output from the ES generation block 9 in block 8.6, simultaneously with the convolution actions in block 7.6, the first convolution with the model representation of its own XRD first section of the TU 1 location track from the output block 8.3. The result of this convolution is subjected in block 8.5 to a second convolution with a model representation of the object's own X-RD objects from the output of block 8.2. The result of the second convolution is subjected in block 8.4 to the third convolution with a model representation of its own XRDs of the second section of Specification 2 of the location route from the output of block 8.1.

The main factors that determine the advantages of the proposed method over known are:

- the absence of traditionally applied a priori conditions and assumptions (in various combinations) that make known methods for detecting and processing received signals by statistical methods in the general case of the USF are not adequate;

- the formation of a multidimensional reference signal (OPS), to the maximum possible extent corresponding to the real and most difficult in the general case, the conditions for the formation of the received signals taking into account the diversity and sequence of functional transformations of the signal by MP-effects on the radar tracks;

- generation based on the well-known numerous a priori-experimental data of the models of the intrinsic radiophysical characteristics of different parts of the location paths, sources of SP and targets, their application in the formation of the OPS by several consecutive convolutions;

;- accounting in the algorithms that implement the inventive method, measurement errors of the received signal

;

- application of a regularized solution of the location problem, as inverse with its introduction into the class of correctly set ones, and thereby providing the ability to detect useful signals containing information about the Goal, while simultaneously obtaining estimates of its location and motion parameters in a variety of, including the most general, conditions of propagation of radio waves in scattering, birefringent and dispersing media when affecting the reception of all possible types of multiplicative and active interference, disturbing influences of nature and artificial origin.

Theoretical studies of the proposed method have shown that it provides in the general case of the USF many times less information loss than the known processing methods, how many times L ₂ used models of own XRD different parts of the location routes, PP sources and targets deviate from real ideas the first case is less than in the second, focused on idealized USF.

The effectiveness of the proposed method has been verified by computer modeling. The task was to determine from arbitrarily specified realizations of the frequency spectrum of the received signal of unknown source spectral characteristics of a target with a simplified OPS: the model of the original intrinsic scattering spectrum of the signal was set in a wide range of its forms and frequencies, the passive interference was considered compensated, the frequency of interference leading to fluctuations in the received signal level (10-20)% [15]. Result: arbitrarily large errors (multiple) restoration of the spectral characteristics of the target with matched filtering, recovery by the claimed method with an accuracy of (5-15)%.

Information sources used:

1. Ed. M. Skolnik. Handbook of radar, t. 1-4, p. 183-195. Per. from English under total ed. K.N. Trofimova M., "Soviet Radio", 1976.

2. Abramenkov V.V. The structure of the optimal parameter meter in multi-signal situations. Avionics 2002-2004 (collection of articles), ed. A.I. Kanashchenkova, “Radio Engineering”, M., 2005, pp. 215-217)

3. Middleton D. Multidimensional Detection and Selection of Signals in Random Media (David Middleton Multidimensional Detection). TIIER, No. 5, 1970

4. Ed. Kolosova A.A. Fundamentals of over-the-horizon radar M., "Radio and communications", 1984.

5. Patent RU 2282209, G01S 7/36 (2006.01), G01S 15/00 (2006.01), publ. 08/20/2006, Bull. No. 23

6. Patent RU 2323452, G01S 13/04, publ. April 27, 2008, Byull. № 12

7. Middleton D. Introduction to statistical communication theory. Translation from English by ed. B.R. Levin, M., “Soviet Radio”, vol. 1, 1961, vol. 2, 1962.

8. Gerasimov Yu.S., Gordeev V.A., Kristal V.S. Estimation of parameters of disturbing influences on the distant radio communication routes. M., "Radio Engineering", 1982, № 9.

9. Ambartsumov K.S., Arefyev V.I., Gordeev V.A., Talalaev A. B. Generalized functional analysis of information radio systems Tver, “VSTU Bulletin. Applied Mathematics series, 2015, No. 1

10. Kremer I.Ya., Vladimirov V.I., Karpukhin V.I. Modulating (multiplicative) interference and radio reception. M., "Soviet Radio", 1972.

11. Isimaru A. Propagation and scattering of waves in randomly inhomogeneous media. Translation from English in two volumes M., "Peace", 1981.

12. Alebastrov V.A., Borsoev V.A., Shustov E.I. The development of domestic over-the-horizon radar. M., “New time”, 2016.

13. Tikhonov A.V., Arsenii V.A. Methods for solving incorrect problems. M., "Science", 1979.

14. Tikhonov A.N., Goncharsky A.V., Stepanov V.V., Yagola A.G. Regulatory algorithms and a priori information. M., "Science", 1983.

15. Research report "Optimization of the determination of the parameters of disturbing influences on the long-distance radio communication routes". M., Moscow State University, 1982, state. reg. No. 81063115.

16. Falkovich S.E., Khomyakov E.N. Statistical theory of measuring radio systems. M., "Radio", 1981.

17. Smolsky S.M., Filippov L.I. The ratio of ideal, optimal, real and adaptive signal receivers. M., "Radio Engineering", 1999, №5

18. Ambartsumov K.S., Arefyev V.I., Gordeev V.A., Talalaev A. B. Quality assessment of information radio systems. Tver, “Bulletin of TvGU. Series "Applied Mathematics", 2015, №2

Claims (4)

1. The method of regularized detection of useful radar signals, including radio reception of signals containing information about the location and parameters of the movement of the target, the conversion of received signals (PS) into digital form and digital signal processing

, during which the functional residual ΔI ² between

and reference signal

, determination of aggregate errors

measurements (SVPI) of the received signal, then - comparison ΔI ² with

, according to the criterion of finding the residual ΔI ² within

decide on the detection of useful signals containing regularized interval estimates

information parameters of the target, then calculate the minimum-extremum of the functional residual inf ΔI ² and on this basis decide on the estimates

location and motion parameters of the target by the criterion of finding inf ΔI ² within the interval estimates

. 2. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that the reference signal

form as an additive mixture of model representation

active interference and model representation of the complex multiplicative effects on the signal, which in turn form the summation of the model representation

passive interference and model representation

response from the goal. 3. The method according to p. 2, characterized in that the generation of the model representation

passive interference (PP) is carried out by convolving the probing signal (ES) with a model representation of its own radiophysical characteristics (XRD) of the third segment (TU3) of the location route, the result of this convolution is subjected to a second convolution with a model representation of its own XRD objects / phenomena - sources of PP, the result of the second the convolutions are subjected to the third convolution with a model representation of the fourth-section (TU4) own RFHs of the location route. 4. The method according to p. 2, characterized in that the generation of the model representation

the response from the target is performed by convolving the CS with a model representation of its own XRF first segment (TU1) of the location route, the result of this convolution is subjected to a second convolution with a model representation of the object’s own XRD location with a restriction based on the a priori experimental data of the Z space of its information parameters to the space of acceptable information parameters

within the space of possible informational parameters {Z} ∈Z, the result of the second convolution is subjected to the third convolution with the model representation of the own XRDs of the second segment (TU2) of the location route.

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