RU2694182C1 - Method for biological control of diseases and pests of urban green plantations - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: ecology.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to ecology, in particular to biological methods of pest control. Method for biological control of diseases and pests of urban green plantations includes treatment of green plantations with hydrosulphuric water in a mixture with crushed plants. When implementing the method, young branches and leaves of poplar and softwood in ratio of 3:1 are soaked in water in amount of 4 %. After 6–8 days, it is filtered. Hydrosulfide water is added in ratio of 1:7. Green plantations are sprayed with the obtained solution.EFFECT: effective reduction of morbidity and damage rate by diseases and pests of green plantations by biological means.1 cl, 1 tbl

Description

The invention relates to the field of ecology, in particular, to biological methods of pest control.

There is a method in which nectar-bearing plants are used for pest control: cumin, coriander, anise, dill, celery, fennel (patent No. 20077084 of 02/15/1994, IPC A01N 11/00).

The known method is quite complicated: they sow a significant amount of nectar-bearing plants containing essential oils, repelling pests, and this technique is used during the whole summer period from May to September.

There is also known a method in which waste of mustard oil is used for pest control, mixing it with water and spraying it as an insecticidal agent (patent No. 21266629 of February 27, 1999).

However, the known method is somewhat limited, since this insecticide is used only on cereal grasses.

There are several types of plants that repel insect pests. They are sown in the inter-garden spacing (http6 // vhanike.ru / article / 15518).

This method is not always effective due to the lack of applied essential oil plants and applies only to garden pests, and is not used in urban environments. As a result, green areas are damaged by phyllophagia, spoiling the leaves. Sucking pests inhibit the growth, development and fruiting of trees, their frost resistance is impaired. Great harm to urban planting brings aphid. Especially dangerous are coccides - sucking phyllophagous. Therefore, this method is ineffective.

The closest technical solution is a method where mineral hydrogen sulfide water is taken as a basis, to which ground plants containing essential oils are added (patent No. 2618316 of 05/03/2017, Bull. No. 13).

The disadvantage of the prototype method is that the applied composition is not sufficiently effective for numerous pests and diseases of urban plantings.

The technical result is an increase in the efficiency of the method.

The technical solution is achieved by the fact that young branches and leaves of poplar and coniferous trees in a ratio of 3: 1 are soaked in water for 6-8 days in an amount of 4%, filtered and hydrogen sulfide water is added in a ratio of 1: 7 and sprayed with green plantings.

The method is as follows.

Many species of pests and diseases inhabit the growing parts of plants. Therefore, when preparing a biological insecticide, cut off the young shoots with leaves and fill them with water. Poplar buds contain tar, essential oil (up to 0.7%), phenol glycosides, tannins, flavonoids, malic and gallic acids, leucoanthocyanins, fatty oil, ascorbic acid.

The leaves contain isoprenoids, carotenoids, alkaloids, organic and phenol carboxylic acids, tannins.

The branches and leaves of coniferous trees contain a significant amount of volatile production, carbohydrates, glucosides and alcohols, ligno-like and tannins, acids, vitamins and enzymes, wax, essential oils and gums.

Mixing these two components in water for 6-8 days, the solution turns into a gel-like liquid due to the resins, tannins, organic acids, etc. contained in the ingredients.

The resulting solution of 2 cultures, saturated with alkaloids, glycosides, alcohols, and various acids, has a detrimental effect on diseases and pests of green plantings.

Containing in the composition of carotenoids, vitamins, protein, pectin restore damaged areas of pests branches, leaves and wood in general.

The justification of the selected parameters of the method is proved experimentally. The hydrogen sulfide water of local origin in North Ossetia (Tamisk, Zakka) contains hydrogen sulfide in the range of 90-120 mg / l. Strained solution of 2 components with the addition of mineral hydrogen sulphide water purifies green spaces from pests and diseases without chemicals, saving the environment without additional costs.

Example 1. In early spring, when the poplar tree buds appeared, young twigs were cut in the amount of 300 g per 10 liters of water. To this solution, cut branches of coniferous species (pine or spruce) were added in the amount of 100 g. After 6 days, the obtained liquid was filtered and Tamisk hydrogen sulfide water was added in the amount of 70 l. Such a mixture was sprayed with trees, bushes, lawns of city streets.

Example 2. When poplar leaves appeared in spring, young branches were cut off at the rate of 300 g per 10 liters of water. Young branches of spruce were added to this solution in the amount of 100 g. The mixture was kept for 8 days, then it was filtered and 70 l were added. hydrogen sulfide water. The prepared mixture was treated with a plot of 0.2 ha. The results of the experiments are summarized in the table:

Given the results of the experiments, we can conclude that the proposed mixture significantly reduces the incidence and damageability of green spaces without additional costs by biological means.

Claims (1)

The method of biological control of diseases and pests of urban greenery, including processing them with hydrogen sulfide water mixed with crushed plants, characterized in that young branches and leaves of poplar and coniferous species are 3: 1 soaked in water of 10 l for 6-8 days the amount of 4%, filter, add hydrogen sulfide water in a ratio of 1: 7 and sprayed green areas.