RU2693779C1 - Method of purifying waste water from oil products and suspended substances and device for its implementation - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: water and air purification technology.

SUBSTANCE: group of inventions can be used for cleaning of waste water contaminated with oil products and suspended substances. Method for purifying waste water from oil products and suspended substances comprises feeding the sorbent into cleaning tank 1, hydromechanical mixing of water with sorbent for 2–10 minutes with simultaneous circulation of hydraulic mixture and supply of ion-ozone mixture into it through ejector 7 of ozone generator 8. Mixing process is stopped for 2–15 minutes for sedimentation of sorbed substances, which are directed to reservoir-accumulator of sludge 14. Purified water is pumped out. Sorbent used is a sorbent obtained by sputtering modified alkyd resin on the surface of aluminosilicate hollow microspheres. Device comprises cleaning tank 1 made in the form of a cylinder with a cone-shaped bottom, in the upper part of which there is a loading branch pipe 2, mixing device 3, initial water supply pipeline 4 and hydraulic mix circulation pipeline 6 through ejector 7 of ozone generator 8 into sprayer 9 located in lower part of tank 1. Cone-shaped bottom is connected via sludge discharge pipeline 13 with reservoir-accumulator of sludge 14.

EFFECT: group of inventions increases efficiency of treating waste water contaminated with oil products and suspended substances, simplifies the cleaning process using a simple small-size plant and using a floating sorbent.

6 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the purification of polluted wastewater with oil products and other suspended substances and can be used for cleaning, as surface wastewater and industrial waste contaminated with petroleum products, including gas stations, car parks, refineries.

A known method of cleaning waste from suspended solids and petroleum products, including the stage of deposition of sand and large particles, fine mechanical purification from suspended particles, sorption of free and emulsified petroleum products, additional sorption of soluble petroleum products with the supply of oxygen. At the same time, flocculant with water-repellent properties is pre-introduced into the initial wastewater (patent RU No. 2525245 IPC C02F 9/08, C02F 1/28, publ. 10.08.2014).

The disadvantage of this method is its multi-stage and complexity of the process, as well as multiple costs.

A device for purification of waste water from petroleum products using a coalescing and sorbent filters, including filter sumps, tanks for collecting waste water, oil products and sludge, a viewing device for separating petroleum products from water, pumping units for pumping petroleum products and polluted waste water. The tank for collecting waste water is equipped with a coalescence filter, and a sorbent filter with an additional filter element for suspended substances is installed on the process pipeline (RU Patent No. 2644919, IPC C02F 9/02, C02F 1/40, publ. 02/14/2018).

The disadvantages of this design is the use in the first stage of cleaning two filters - sumps. The coalescent filters installed in the second stage of filtration filter particles with a size of 0.01 microns in size, and for their effective operation, primary water purification is required on filter systems with a filtration fineness of 25 microns and 5 microns. Such indicators on the filters-sumps can be achieved only after a few hours of sludge primary water. From which it follows that the installation has a very low productivity, or problems with the cleaning of coalescent filters are inevitable.

It is also known a device for cleaning waste water, containing a coagulant dosing system, a contact tank, an ejector for creating gas bubbles, an ozone generator, a membrane filtering device operating in a tangential mode, through which flakes and colloidal particles obtained as a result of coagulation and gas bubbles The resulting oxidation of organic compounds is removed along with the adsorbed dissolved and suspended impurities. The impurity concentrate that has not passed through the membrane is returned back to the contact tank, and purified water that has passed through the membrane is taken from the contact tank until the formation of sludge of the desired degree of concentration (patent RU No. 87421, IPC C02F 1/00, B01D 21/08 publ. 10.10.2009).

The disadvantages of this device include the use of a membrane filtering device and the use of chemically active coagulants in cleaning. Membrane apparatuses are inefficient and, as a rule, are not used to clean highly polluted water, and the use of chemically active coagulants to collect fine oil is an extreme, expensive and harmful measure for the water being cleaned.

The technical problem solved by the invention is to improve the efficiency of the process of cleaning contaminated wastewater from petroleum products and suspended particles while simplifying the cleaning process, eliminating the use of chemical reagents.

This technical problem is solved by the fact that in a known method of wastewater purification from petroleum products and suspended solids, including purification from suspended particles, sorption of petroleum products on a sorbent, the use of oxygen, deposition of sorbed particles, according to the invention, a sorbent obtained by spraying is used as a sorbent modified alkyd resin on the surface of aluminosilicate hollow microspheres, which is injected into the container with the initial wastewater and carry out hydro-mechanical mixing e water with a sorbent for 2-10 minutes while simultaneously circulating the slurry and feeding the ion-ozone mixture into it through the ejector of the ozone generator, after which the mixing process is stopped for 2-15 minutes to precipitate the sorbed particles, which are then sent to the storage tank sludge, and the purified water is downloaded. At 1 m ^{3 of the} volume of the tank for cleaning use 10-20 liters. sorbent.

This technical problem is also solved by the fact that in the known device for wastewater treatment from oil products and suspended solids, including a cleaning tank, an ejector, an ozone generator, the source water supply pipeline and the pipelines for discharge of sludge and removal of purified water located in the lower part of the tank, according to the invention, the tank for cleaning is made in the form of a cylinder with a cone-shaped bottom, in the upper part of which there is a loading nozzle, a mixing device, a pipeline for supplying raw water and pipes water circulation of the slurry through the ejector ozone generator to the atomizer positioned at the bottom of the container, wherein the conical bottom is connected via a sludge discharge pipeline with a capacity-drive slurry. In addition, the tank for cleaning can be made of metal or of a polymeric material, and the loading nozzle is made in the form of a cone widening outwards.

The technical result obtained from the use of the present invention is to increase the efficiency of purification of polluted wastewater with oil products and suspended solids while simplifying the process and using a simple small-sized installation, as well as using a floating sorbent, with a relatively low cost of the cleaning process.

The use of a sorbent obtained by spraying a modified alkyd resin on the surface of aluminosilicate hollow microspheres (patent RU No. 2487751, IPC B01J 20/16) allows, due to its sorption properties, to interact and coagulate oil on its surface, and then suspended particles. The time required for mixing the sorbent with the source water in the range from 2 minutes to 10 minutes is determined by the presence of contaminants in the source water, the more polluted the water, the more time is required for the implementation of mixing. Since, polluted waste water is subjected to active hydromechanical mixing with a sorbent involving oxygen and simultaneous active saturation of the ionosonic mixture through a nebulizer using an ozone generator ejector, oil products dissolved in water, organic and inorganic compounds, suspended matter due to the action of centrifugal forces on them oxidative processes precipitate and settle on the surface of the floating sorbent. In order for sedimentation of dirty sorbed mass to occur, the mixing process is stopped for 2-15 minutes, the whole contaminated sorbent is deposited in the cone-shaped part of the tank and through the sludge discharge pipeline it is sent to the tank - the sludge accumulator, and the purified water is pumped out. Setting the operating time of the installation and the time of sedimentation of the slurry, as well as the amount of sorbent loaded depends on the degree of contamination of the treated water and the amount of loaded sorbent in the tank to be cleaned and established empirically.

The invention is illustrated in the drawing, which shows a device for wastewater treatment from petroleum products and suspended solids.

The device contains a tank for cleaning 1, which is made in the form of a cylinder with a conical bottom. In the upper part of the tank 1 there is a loading nozzle 2, a mixing device 3, a pipeline 4 for supplying raw water from the receiving tank 5 and a pipeline 6 for circulating the slurry through the ejector 7 of the ozone generator 8 to the sprayer 9. For supplying the source water to tank 1, a pump 10 is installed, and for enrichment of the treated water with an ion-ozone mixture - a pump 11. In the lower part of the tank 1 there is a pipeline 12 for draining the purified water, and the cone-shaped bottom of the tank 1 by the pipe 13 of the sludge discharge is connected to the tank 14 of the sludge.

The method of purification of wastewater from petroleum products and suspended solids is carried out by the device described above, as follows.

The source wastewater from the consumer is fed into the receiving tank 5 of wastewater by free flow from the collector of industrial water. From the tank 5 by means of the pump 10 polluted water is supplied to the filling of the tank for cleaning 1, which is installed vertically and has a cylindrical shape with a cone-shaped bottom. Through the loading nozzle 2, which is made in the form of a cone widening outwards, and located in the upper part of the tank 1, the sorbent is loaded. The boot nozzle 2 does not close and serves to allow air to enter the tank 1, to visually monitor the operation of the installation and to consume the sorbent. A floating sorbent consisting of hollow aluminosilicate microspheres ranging in size from 5 to 500 microns, with a modified alkyd resin sprayed onto their surface, has a very developed oleophilic surface, which allows it to attract oil particles to its shell. The sorbent perfectly cleans the walls of tanks and pipelines from oily and other deposits. After the sorbent is loaded, the mixing device 3 is turned on, consisting of an asynchronous motor installed vertically, without a gearbox. A horizontal stirring plate is attached to the sleeve extending the shaft. The sleeve length is adjusted so that the water being cleaned is not only actively unwound in the tank, creating a funnel, but due to the high speed of rotation of the mixing plate, hydraulic fracturing is created so that external air oxygen is actively sucked into the resulting funnel. As a result, active hydromechanical mixing of dirty water with a floating sorbent with the involvement of oxygen, adhesion of the sorbent with oil products and suspended particles, their discharge under the action of centrifugal force to the vessel wall 1 is obtained. To enhance the oxidation process, simultaneously with the mixing device 3, a circulation pump 11 is activated which, via pipeline 6, located in the upper part of the tank 1, feeds the slurry through the ejector 7 of the ozone generator 8 to the atomizer 9 located in the lower part ti container 1. The circulation of water begins from the top - down, through the ejector 7 involving ion-ozone mixture to the atomizer 9.

After mixing the slurry for 2-10 minutes, the installation shuts down and the process stops for 2-15 minutes. During the stop, the sorbent ascends, which retains positive buoyancy and subsides sorbed dirty mass, which has lost positive buoyancy for their further discharge into the tank — sludge accumulator 14 through pipe 13. After the process of settling is completed, the purified water through pipe 12 to drain purified water is drained for further purification steps. The volume of drained water is regulated by the automatic system to a level that prevents the unworked sorbent from entering the pipeline 12. Then the process of filling the tank 1 with dirty water is repeated, while the sorbent is in the tank 1 until full use and sedimentation. Sorbent is loaded into the tank for cleaning once a day, and the working volume of the sorbent in 1 m3 tank should be, based on experience, 10-20 liters, depending on the degree of contamination of the water being purified. The dirtier the water, the greater the amount of sorbent required.

The present invention allows as a result of a powerful oxidative reaction and exposure to a sorbent, in a short time from the polluted water to remove more than 90% of dissolved petroleum products and suspended particles, to partially disinfect organic compounds, phenols, herbicides, microorganisms, as well as to transfer metals dissolved in water insoluble compounds.

The principle of cleaning used in this installation allows, without additional adjustments and intervention of the operating personnel, to clean water of any degree of pollution with unstable characteristics in time.

Claims (6)

1. The method of purification of wastewater from petroleum products and suspended solids, including purification from suspended particles, sorption of petroleum products on the sorbent, the use of oxygen, precipitation of sorbed particles, characterized in that the sorbent obtained by spraying the modified alkyd resin on the surface of aluminosilicate is used as a sorbent hollow microspheres, which are injected into the tank for cleaning with the source wastewater, and carry out hydro-mechanical mixing of water with the sorbent for 2-10 minutes, at the same time but carrying out the circulation of the slurry and feed it into ion-ozone mixture through the ozone generator ejector, after which mixing process was stopped in 2-15 minutes to precipitate the sorbed substances are then fed into the container - the sludge storage and download purified water. 2. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that for 1 m ^{3 the} volume of the tank for cleaning use 10-20 liters of sorbent. 3. A device for purification of waste water from petroleum products and suspended substances, including a tank for cleaning, an ejector, an ozone generator, a pipeline for supplying raw water and pipelines for discharge of sludge and removal of purified water located in the lower part of the tank, characterized in that the tank for cleaning is made in the form of a cylinder with a cone-shaped bottom, in the upper part of which there is a feed inlet, a mixing device, a feedwater supply pipeline and a slurry circulation pipeline through the ozone generator ejector a sprayer, located in the lower part of the container, wherein the conical bottom is connected via a sludge discharge pipeline with a capacity-drive slurry. 4. The device according to p. 3, characterized in that the tank for cleaning is made of metal. 5. The device according to p. 3, characterized in that the tank for cleaning is made of a polymeric material. 6. The device according to p. 3, characterized in that the loading nozzle is made in the form of a cone widening outwards.

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